Liquid Metal Pouring System and Pouring Method

Abstract

The present invention provides a liquid metal perfusion system and a perfusion method. The liquid metal perfusion system includes a main circuit vacuum pumping assembly, an auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly, a protective gas assembly, a liquid filling assembly, a purging assembly, and a heat dissipation fluid circuit. The auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly, the protective gas assembly, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly are connected into an integral body through a four-way joint and are connected to the perfusion interface of the heat dissipation fluid circuit. The main circuit vacuum pumping assembly is used to pump vacuum on the heat dissipation fluid circuit; the auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly is used to pump vacuum on the protective gas assembly, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly; the protective gas assembly is used to fill inert gas into the heat dissipation fluid circuit, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly; the liquid filling assembly is used to fill liquid metal into the heat dissipation fluid circuit; the purging assembly is used to perform steam purging on the liquid filling assembly. By using the present invention, full filling of the liquid metal circuit, no contact between the operator and the liquid metal, and safe treatment of the residual liquid metal in the pipeline can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of liquid metal perfusion, and particularly relates to a liquid metal perfusion system and a perfusion method. Background Art

[0002] As a heat transfer fluid, sodium-potassium alloy has high thermal conductivity, good fluidity, and low melting point, and can provide extremely high heat transfer coefficient within a wide working temperature range. The heat dissipation fluid circuit using sodium-potassium alloy as the working medium has the characteristics of high heat transfer performance, compact volume, and high-temperature working adaptability. However, sodium-potassium alloy has active chemical properties and will react chemically with water and water vapor, generating hydrogen and a large amount of heat, resulting in explosion. Contact of human skin with sodium-potassium alloy will cause burns. This danger seriously limits the applicable fields of sodium-potassium alloy as a heat transfer fluid. Therefore, the present invention proposes a liquid metal perfusion system to solve the safety control problem in the perfusion process of sodium-potassium alloy. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the defects of the existing technologies, and propose a liquid metal perfusion system and a perfusion method. The liquid metal filling of the heat dissipation fluid circuit is realized by a combination of inert gas protection and vacuum perfusion. The steam flushing method is adopted, and by virtue of the characteristics of controllable chemical reaction, the residual liquid metal in the perfusion pipeline is fully reacted to reach a state where it can be safely removed, reducing the possibility and danger of human contact.

[0004] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following specific technical solutions:

[0005] The liquid metal perfusion system provided by the present invention includes a main circuit vacuum pumping assembly, an auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly, a protective gas assembly, a liquid filling assembly, a purging assembly, and a heat dissipation fluid circuit. The auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly, the protective gas assembly, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly are connected into a whole through a four-way joint and are connected to the perfusion interface of the lowest pipe section of the heat dissipation fluid circuit. The main circuit vacuum pumping assembly is connected to the highest pipe section of the heat dissipation fluid circuit through a first three-way joint. The main circuit vacuum pumping assembly is used to pump vacuum for the heat dissipation fluid circuit; the auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly is used to pump vacuum for the protective gas assembly, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly; the protective gas assembly is used to fill inert gas into the heat dissipation fluid circuit, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly; the liquid filling assembly is used to fill liquid metal into the heat dissipation fluid circuit; the purging assembly is used to perform steam purging on the liquid filling assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the main circuit vacuum pumping assembly includes a first vacuum pump, a first valve, a first vacuum gauge, an observation window, and a second valve connected in sequence through a pipeline. The second valve is connected to the first three-way joint, and the first valve, the first vacuum gauge, and the observation window are vertically installed with the second valve.

[0007] Preferably, the auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly includes a second vacuum pump and a third valve connected in sequence through a pipeline. The third valve is connected to the first interface of the four-way joint, and a second vacuum gauge is installed on the pipeline between the third valve and the four-way joint.

[0008] Preferably, the liquid filling assembly includes a liquid metal storage barrel, a second three-way joint, a fourth valve, a fifth valve, a sixth valve, a seventh valve, and an eighth valve. The liquid metal storage barrel, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve are sequentially connected to the first interface of the second three-way joint through pipelines. The second interface of the second three-way joint, the sixth valve, and the seventh valve are sequentially connected to the perfusion interface through pipelines. The third interface of the second three-way joint, the eighth valve, and the second interface of the four-way joint are sequentially connected to the four-way joint through pipelines. The second three-way joint is installed horizontally, and the horizontal heights of the liquid metal storage barrel and the fourth valve are lower than the horizontal height of the pipeline connected to the fifth valve, the second three-way joint, and the sixth valve.

[0009] Preferably, the protective gas assembly includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a third three-way joint, and a ninth valve. A pressure reducing valve is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder. The pressure reducing valve, the third three-way joint, and the ninth valve are sequentially connected to the third interface of the four-way joint through pipelines. A twelfth valve, a third vacuum gauge, and a thirteenth valve are sequentially connected through pipelines between the third three-way joint and the liquid metal storage barrel. The liquid metal storage barrel is also connected to the outside through pipelines connecting a fourteenth valve and a fifteenth valve in sequence.

[0010] Preferably, the purging assembly includes a steam generator, a fourth three-way joint, and a tenth valve connected in sequence through a pipeline. The fourth three-way joint is also connected to the outside through a pipeline connecting an eleventh valve. The tenth valve is communicated with the fourth interface of the four-way joint, and a steam pressure gauge is connected between the steam generator and the fourth three-way joint.

[0011] The liquid metal perfusion method provided by the present invention is realized by using the above liquid metal perfusion system, and includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Only close the fourth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the thirteenth valve, the fourteenth valve, the fifteenth valve, and the pressure reducing valve in the liquid metal perfusion system, and keep other valves in the liquid metal perfusion system open;

[0013] S2. Open the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump, observe the readings of the first vacuum gauge, the second vacuum gauge, and the third vacuum gauge until the heat dissipation fluid circuit is pumped to a vacuum, and then close the first valve, the third valve, the first vacuum pump, and the second vacuum pump;

[0014] S3. Close the eighth valve, and open the pressure reducing valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the thirteenth valve, the fourteenth valve and the fifteenth valve respectively, so that the inert gas in the high-pressure gas cylinder is blown into the purging assembly and the liquid metal storage barrel, and then close the pressure reducing valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the thirteenth valve, the fourteenth valve and the fifteenth valve respectively;

[0015] S4. Open the first vacuum pump, the second vacuum pump, the eighth valve, the first valve and the second valve, evacuate the heat dissipation fluid circuit, and then close the first valve, the third valve, the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump;

[0016] S5. Open the pressure reducing valve, the first valve and the third valve, and blow inert gas into the heat dissipation fluid circuit to dilute the residual water vapor and oxygen in the heat dissipation fluid circuit, and then close the pressure reducing valve;

[0017] S6. Close the eighth valve, open the pressure reducing valve, and adjust the gas supply pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder to a predetermined pressure;

[0018] S7. Close the ninth valve, open the fourth valve and the thirteenth valve, and the liquid metal in the liquid metal storage barrel flows through the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the second three-way joint, the sixth valve and the seventh valve in sequence and enters the liquid metal circuit;

[0019] S8. When the liquid metal liquid level is observed in the observation window, immediately close the second valve, and then open the ninth valve, the tenth valve and the eleventh valve respectively, blow inert gas into the purging assembly to dilute the residual water vapor and oxygen in the purging assembly, and then close the seventh valve, the sixth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve and the thirteenth valve respectively;

[0020] S9. Open the eighth valve, the fourteenth valve and the fifteenth valve. When there is a bubbling sound in the liquid metal storage barrel and the fifteenth valve continuously discharges gas, close the fourteenth valve, the fifteenth valve, the fourth valve, the ninth valve and the pressure reducing valve respectively;

[0021] S10. Disconnect the pipeline between the third three-way joint and the twelfth valve from the twelfth valve, and disconnect the pipeline between the fifth valve and the fourth valve from the fourth valve;

[0022] S11. Remove the liquid metal storage barrel;

[0023] S12. Open the steam generator, observe the reading of the steam pressure gauge. When the steam pressure reaches the preset pressure, open the tenth valve so that the water vapor continuously purges the tenth valve, the four-way joint, the eighth valve, the second three-way joint, the fifth valve and the pipeline between the fifth valve and the fourth valve until there is no liquid metal residue in the pipeline between the fifth valve and the fourth valve;

[0024] S13. Close the steam generator and the tenth valve, open the eleventh valve, and disconnect the pipeline between the sixth valve and the second three-way valve from the sixth valve.

[0025] Preferably, the inert gas is nitrogen, argon or helium.

[0026] Preferably, the liquid metal is sodium-potassium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy or gallium-indium-tin-zinc alloy.

[0027] The present invention can achieve the following technical effects:

[0028] 1. By combining inert gas protection with vacuum pumping and through rigorously designed operation steps, it is ensured that there are no dangerous gases or substances in the perfusion pipeline that react with the liquid metal, providing safety guarantee for the liquid metal transportation.

[0029] 2. The liquid metal perfusion system adopts a modular design, which is convenient for assembly, connection of the heat dissipation fluid circuit and the liquid metal storage barrel, and has no requirements for the initial medium state in the connected pipeline.

[0030] 3. It can ensure that there is no contact between the operator and the liquid metal during the perfusion process, and after the perfusion is completed, the residual liquid metal in the pipeline can fully react to a safe state without posing secondary danger to the subsequent operations of the personnel. Description of the Drawings

[0031] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the liquid metal perfusion system provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] The reference numerals therein include: four-way joint 1, heat dissipation fluid circuit 2, perfusion interface 21, first vacuum pump 31, first valve 32, observation window 33, first vacuum gauge 34, second valve 35, first three-way joint 36, second vacuum pump 41, third valve 42, second vacuum gauge 43, liquid metal storage barrel 51, second three-way joint 52, fourth valve 53, fifth valve 54, sixth valve 55, seventh valve 56, eighth valve 57, fourteenth valve 58, fifteenth valve 59, high-pressure gas cylinder 61, third three-way joint 62, ninth valve 63, pressure reducing valve 64, twelfth valve 65, third vacuum gauge 66, thirteenth valve 67, steam generator 71, fourth three-way joint 72, tenth valve 73, eleventh valve 74, steam pressure gauge 75. Detailed Embodiments

[0033] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same modules are denoted by the same reference numerals. In the case of the same reference numerals, their names and functions are also the same. Therefore, their detailed descriptions will not be repeated.

[0034] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and do not constitute a limitation to the present invention.

[0035] Figure 1 The structure of a liquid metal perfusion system provided according to an embodiment of the present invention is shown.

[0036] As Figure 1 shown, the liquid metal perfusion system includes a main circuit vacuum pumping assembly, an auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly, a protective gas assembly, a liquid filling assembly, a purging assembly, and a heat dissipation fluid circuit. The auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly, the protective gas assembly, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly are connected into a whole through a four-way joint 1 and are connected to the perfusion interface 21 of the lowest pipe section of the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2. The main circuit vacuum pumping assembly is connected to the highest pipe section of the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2. The main circuit vacuum pumping assembly is used to pump vacuum for the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2. The auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly is used to pump vacuum for the protective gas assembly, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly. The protective gas assembly is used to fill inert gas into the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly. The liquid filling assembly is used to fill liquid metal into the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2. The purging assembly is used to perform steam purging on the liquid filling assembly.

[0037] The main circuit vacuum pumping assembly includes a first vacuum pump 31, a first valve 32, an observation window 33, a first vacuum gauge 34, a second valve 35, and a first three-way joint 36 that are sequentially connected through pipelines. The first three-way joint 36 is installed on the highest pipe section of the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2. The first valve 32, the first vacuum gauge 34, the observation window 33, and the second valve 35 are vertically installed.

[0038] The auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly includes a second vacuum pump 41 and a third valve 42 that are sequentially connected through pipelines. The third valve 42 is connected to the first interface of the four-way joint 1. A second vacuum gauge 43 is installed on the pipeline between the third valve 42 and the four-way joint 1. The key role of the auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly is to ensure that the pipelines of the protective gas assembly, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly and the inside of each valve and joint are in a vacuum state, so that the liquid metal can flow safely into the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2.

[0039] The liquid filling assembly includes a liquid metal storage barrel 51, a second three-way joint 52, a fourth valve 53, a fifth valve 54, a sixth valve 55, a seventh valve 56, and an eighth valve 57. The liquid metal storage barrel 51, the fourth valve 53, the fifth valve 54, the second three-way joint 52, the sixth valve 55, the seventh valve 56, and the perfusion interface 21 are sequentially connected through pipelines. The second three-way joint 52 and the eighth valve 57 are sequentially connected through pipelines to the second interface of the four-way joint 1.

[0040] The liquid metal storage barrel 51 and the fourth valve 53 are at a lower horizontal height than the pipelines connected to the fifth valve 54, the second three-way joint 52, and the sixth valve 55.

[0041] The liquid metal storage barrel 51 stores liquid metal, which can specifically be sodium-potassium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy, or gallium-indium-tin-zinc alloy.

[0042] The liquid metal storage barrel 51 is also connected to an exhaust assembly, which includes a fourteenth valve 58 and a fifteenth valve 59 connected in sequence through a pipeline. The liquid metal storage barrel 51 is connected to the outside through the exhaust assembly.

[0043] The protective gas assembly includes a high-pressure gas cylinder 61, a third three-way joint 62, a ninth valve 63, and a pressure reducing valve 64. The pressure reducing valve 64 is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder 61. The pressure reducing valve 64, the third three-way joint 62, the ninth valve 63, and the third interface of the four-way joint 1 are connected in sequence through pipelines. Between the third three-way joint 62 and the liquid metal storage barrel 51, a twelfth valve 65, a third vacuum gauge 66, and a thirteenth valve 67 are connected in sequence through pipelines. The high-pressure gas cylinder 61 is filled with an inert gas, which can be nitrogen, argon, or helium.

[0044] The purging assembly includes a steam generator 71, a fourth three-way joint 72, and a tenth valve 73 connected in sequence through a pipeline. The fourth three-way joint 72 is also connected to an eleventh valve 74 through a pipeline. The eleventh valve 74 is used to connect to the outside. The tenth valve 73 is connected to the fourth interface of the four-way joint 1. A steam pressure gauge 75 is connected between the steam generator 71 and the fourth three-way joint 72. The steam generator 71 is filled with distilled water.

[0045] The first valve 32, the observation window 33, the first vacuum gauge 34, and the second valve 35 are installed vertically.

[0046] The fifth valve 54, the second three-way joint 52, and the sixth valve 55 are installed horizontally.

[0047] The second three-way joint 52, the eighth valve 57, the four-way joint 1, and the tenth valve 73 are installed vertically.

[0048] The twelfth valve 65, the third vacuum gauge 66, and the thirteenth valve 67 are installed vertically.

[0049] The fourteenth valve 58 and the fifteenth valve 59 are installed vertically.

[0050] The above content details the structure of the liquid metal perfusion system provided by the embodiments of the present invention. Corresponding to this liquid metal perfusion system, the present invention also provides a liquid metal perfusion method implemented using the liquid metal perfusion system.

[0051] The liquid metal perfusion method provided by the embodiments of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0052] S1. Only close the fourth valve 53, the tenth valve 73, the eleventh valve 74, the thirteenth valve 67, the fourteenth valve 58, the fifteenth valve 59 and the pressure reducing valve 64 in the liquid metal perfusion system, and keep other valves in the liquid metal perfusion system open.

[0053] S2. Open the first vacuum pump 31 and the second vacuum pump 41, observe the readings of the first vacuum gauge 34, the second vacuum gauge 43 and the third vacuum gauge 66, and when the readings reach -0.1 MPa, close the first valve 32, the third valve 42, the first vacuum pump 31 and the second vacuum pump 41.

[0054] The 0 scale of the vacuum gauge represents 1 atmospheric pressure. At this time, the gauge pressure is 0, and the corresponding absolute pressure is 0.1 MPa. Drawing from scale 0 to -0.1 MPa means that the gauge pressure drops from 0 to -0.1 MPa, and the corresponding absolute pressure drops from 0.1 MPa to 0, indicating that the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2 is pumped to a vacuum state.

[0055] [[ID=1"2]]S3. Open the pressure reducing valve 64 and adjust the gas supply pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder 61 to 0.15 Mpa.

[0056] Adjusting the gas supply pressure to 0.15 MPa is to blow the gas in the pipeline to the outside of the pipeline. The extra 0.05 MPa compared to 1 atmospheric pressure (0.1 MPa) is to ensure that the air flow speed is sufficient and the blowing effect is good.

[0057] S4. Close the eighth valve 57, first open the eleventh valve 74, then open the tenth valve 73, and then sequentially open the thirteenth valve 67, the fourteenth valve 58, the fifteenth valve 59, so that the inert gas in the high-pressure gas cylinder 61 is blown into the purging assembly and the liquid metal storage barrel 51, keep the inert gas blowing and count down for 60 seconds.

[0058] The purpose of opening the tenth valve 73 and the eleventh valve 74 is to blow out the air in the four-way joint 1, the pipeline inside the tenth valve 73, the fourth three-way joint 72, the eleventh valve 74 and the pipeline outside the eleventh valve 74, so that only inert gas remains inside.

[0059] S5. After the countdown reaches zero, sequentially close the tenth valve 73, the eleventh valve 74, the fifteenth valve 59, the fourteenth valve 58, the thirteenth valve 67 and the pressure reducing valve 64.

[0060] S6. Open the eighth valve 57, the ninth valve 63 and the first valve 32 respectively.

[0061] S7. Turn on the first vacuum pump 31 and the second vacuum pump 41, observe the readings of the first vacuum gauge 34, the second vacuum gauge 43 and the third vacuum gauge 66. When the readings reach -0.1 MPa, close the ninth valve 63 and the first valve 32, and then turn off the first vacuum pump 31 and the second vacuum pump 41.

[0062] After performing step S5, there is inert gas in the pipelines connecting the sixth valve 55, the seventh valve 56, the ninth valve 63 to the four-way joint 1, in the pipelines connecting the four-way joint 1 to the tenth valve 73, the third three-way joint 62, the twelfth valve 65, the thirteenth valve 67, and in the pipeline connecting the third three-way joint 62 to the pressure reducing valve 64. After performing step S6, this inert gas diffuses into the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2. Therefore, it is necessary to perform step S7 to pump out this inert gas first.

[0063] S8. Open the pressure reducing valve 64, adjust the gas supply pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder 61 to 0.1 MPa, then close the pressure reducing valve 64, and sequentially open the first valve 32 and the ninth valve 63 to blow inert gas into the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2.

[0064] Blowing inert gas into the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2 is to fully dilute the residual water vapor and oxygen in the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2, and a pressure of 0.1 Mpa is sufficient to meet the requirements.

[0065] S9. Repeat steps S7 and S8 multiple times.

[0066] Continuously repeating the evacuation and blowing of inert gas is to minimize the residual oxygen and water vapor in the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2.

[0067] S10. Repeat step S7 to complete the last evacuation.

[0068] S11. Close the eighth valve 57, open the pressure reducing valve 64, and adjust the gas supply pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder 61 to 0.15 Mpa.

[0069] S12. Close the ninth valve 63, open the thirteenth valve 67 and the fourth valve 53, and the liquid metal in the liquid metal storage barrel 51 flows through the fourth valve 53, the fifth valve 54, the second three-way joint 52, the sixth valve 55, the seventh valve 56 in sequence and enters the heat dissipation fluid circuit 2.

[0070] Step S11 adjusts the gas supply pressure to 0.15 Mpa. After closing the ninth valve 63, it is to ensure that there is a pressure of 0.15 MPa in the pipelines between the four-way joint 1 and the third valve 42, the eighth valve 57, the ninth valve 63, and the tenth valve 73. The purposes are: (1) Even if the eighth valve 57 and the tenth valve 73 leak, and the ambient air has a pressure of only 0.1 MPa, the ambient air will not leak into the four-way joint 1 from the tenth valve 73. Only the inert gas can leak from the eighth valve 57 and the tenth valve 73 into the environment, playing a protective role; (2) After pouring the liquid metal in step S12, the pressures on both the upper and lower sides of the eighth valve 57 are balanced, and the liquid metal will not leak from the eighth valve 57 into the four-way joint 1.

[0071] S13. Continuously observe whether the liquid metal liquid level appears in the observation window 33 during the pouring process. When the liquid metal liquid level is observed in the observation window 33, immediately close the second valve 35, and then open the ninth valve 63, the tenth valve 73, and the eleventh valve 74 in sequence, keep blowing the inert gas and count down for 60 seconds.

[0072] Opening the ninth valve 63, the tenth valve 73, and the eleventh valve 74 again is to purge the pipelines connected to the tenth valve 73 and the eleventh valve 74 and the pipelines other than the eleventh valve 74 again, further reducing the residual amounts of oxygen and water vapor inside them.

[0073] S14. After the countdown reaches zero, close the seventh valve 56, the sixth valve 55, the eleventh valve 74, the tenth valve 73, the twelfth valve 65, and the thirteenth valve 67 in sequence.

[0074] S15. Open the eighth valve 57, open the fourteenth valve 58, and then slowly open the fifteenth valve 59. When there is a bubbling sound in the liquid metal storage barrel 51 and the fifteenth valve 59 continuously discharges gas, close the fifteenth valve 59, the fourteenth valve 58, and the fourth valve 53 in sequence.

[0075] [[ID= (15)]]S16. Close the pressure reducing valve 64 and the ninth valve 63.

[0076] S17. Disconnect the first pipe from the twelfth valve 65, disconnect the second pipe from the fourth valve 53, and point the second pipe horizontally towards an open space, avoiding pointing at people or objects.

[0077] S18. Remove the liquid metal storage barrel 51;

[0078] S19. Open the steam generator 71, observe the reading of the steam pressure gauge. When the steam pressure reaches 0.3 MPa, open the tenth valve 73, and let the water vapor continuously purge the tenth valve 73, the four-way joint 1, the eighth valve 57, the second three-way joint 52, the fifth valve 54, and the second pipe and keep it for 30 minutes to completely react the residual liquid metal in the pipeline.

[0079] S20. Close the steam generator 71, close the tenth valve 73, open the eleventh valve 74, disconnect the three pipes from the sixth valve 55, and protect the open end of the sixth valve 55.

[0080] S21. Remove the auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly, protective gas assembly, liquid filling assembly, and purging assembly.

[0081] In the description of this specification, the description with reference to terms such as "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" means that the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in connection with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and combine the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0082] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Those of ordinary skill in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations to the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

[0083] The above specific implementation manners of the present invention do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and deformations made according to the technical concept of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A liquid metal perfusion system, characterized in that, It includes a main circuit vacuum pumping assembly, an auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly, a protective gas assembly, a liquid filling assembly, a purging assembly, and a heat dissipation fluid circuit. The auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly, the protective gas assembly, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly are connected into a whole through a four-way joint and are connected to the filling interface of the lowest pipe section of the heat dissipation fluid circuit. The main circuit vacuum pumping assembly is connected to the highest pipe section of the heat dissipation fluid circuit through a first three-way joint. The main circuit vacuum pumping assembly is used to pump vacuum for the heat dissipation fluid circuit; the auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly is used to pump vacuum for the protective gas assembly, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly; the protective gas assembly is used to fill inert gas into the heat dissipation fluid circuit, the liquid filling assembly, and the purging assembly; the liquid filling assembly is used to fill liquid metal into the heat dissipation fluid circuit; the purging assembly is used to perform steam purging on the liquid filling assembly.

2. The liquid metal perfusion system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The main circuit vacuum pumping assembly includes a first vacuum pump, a first valve, a first vacuum gauge, an observation window, and a second valve that are connected in sequence through pipelines. The second valve is connected to the first three-way joint, and the first valve, the first vacuum gauge, and the observation window are vertically installed with the second valve.

3. The liquid metal perfusion system according to claim 2, wherein The auxiliary vacuum pumping assembly includes a second vacuum pump and a third valve that are connected in sequence through pipelines. The third valve is connected to the first interface of the four-way joint, and a second vacuum gauge is installed on the pipeline between the third valve and the four-way joint.

4. The liquid metal perfusion system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The liquid filling assembly includes a liquid metal storage barrel, a second three-way joint, a fourth valve, a fifth valve, a sixth valve, a seventh valve, and an eighth valve. The liquid metal storage barrel, the fourth valve, and the fifth valve are sequentially connected through pipelines to the first interface of the second three-way joint. The second interface of the second three-way joint, the sixth valve, the seventh valve, and the filling interface are sequentially connected through pipelines. The third interface of the second three-way joint, the eighth valve, and the second interface of the four-way joint are sequentially connected through pipelines. The second three-way joint is horizontally installed, and the horizontal height of the liquid metal storage barrel and the fourth valve is lower than the horizontal height of the pipelines connected to the fifth valve, the second three-way joint, and the sixth valve.

5. The liquid metal perfusion system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The protective gas assembly includes a high-pressure gas cylinder, a third three-way joint, and a ninth valve. A pressure reducing valve is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure gas cylinder. The pressure reducing valve, the third three-way joint, and the ninth valve are sequentially connected through pipelines to the third interface of the four-way joint. A twelfth valve, a third vacuum gauge, and a thirteenth valve are sequentially connected through pipelines between the third three-way joint and the liquid metal storage barrel. The liquid metal storage barrel is also sequentially connected through pipelines to a fourteenth valve and a fifteenth valve to communicate with the outside.

6. The liquid metal perfusion system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The purging assembly includes a steam generator, a fourth three-way joint, and a tenth valve that are connected in sequence through pipelines. The fourth three-way joint is also connected through a pipeline to an eleventh valve to communicate with the outside. The tenth valve is communicated with the fourth interface of the four-way joint, and a steam pressure gauge is connected between the steam generator and the fourth three-way joint.

7. A liquid metal perfusion method implemented using the liquid metal perfusion system of claim 6, characterized in that, It includes the following steps: S1. Only close the fourth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the thirteenth valve, the fourteenth valve, the fifteenth valve, and the pressure reducing valve in the liquid metal filling system, and keep other valves in the liquid metal filling system open; S2. Turn on the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump, observe the readings of the first vacuum gauge, the second vacuum gauge and the third vacuum gauge until the heat dissipation fluid circuit is pumped to a vacuum, then close the first valve, the third valve, the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump; S3. Close the eighth valve, open the pressure reducing valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the thirteenth valve, the fourteenth valve and the fifteenth valve respectively, let the inert gas from the high-pressure gas cylinder blow into the purging assembly and the liquid metal storage barrel, and then close the pressure reducing valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve, the thirteenth valve, the fourteenth valve and the fifteenth valve respectively; S4. Turn on the first vacuum pump, the second vacuum pump, the eighth valve, the first valve and the second valve, evacuate the heat dissipation fluid circuit, and then close the first valve, the third valve, the first vacuum pump and the second vacuum pump; S5. Open the pressure reducing valve, the first valve and the third valve, blow inert gas into the heat dissipation fluid circuit to dilute the residual water vapor and oxygen in the heat dissipation fluid circuit, and then close the pressure reducing valve; S6. Close the eighth valve, open the pressure reducing valve, and adjust the gas supply pressure of the high-pressure gas cylinder to a predetermined pressure; S7. Close the ninth valve, open the fourth valve and the thirteenth valve, and the liquid metal in the liquid metal storage barrel flows through the fourth valve, the fifth valve, the second three-way joint, the sixth valve and the seventh valve in sequence and enters the liquid metal circuit; S8. When the liquid metal liquid level is observed in the observation window, immediately close the second valve, then open the ninth valve, the tenth valve and the eleventh valve respectively, blow inert gas into the purging assembly to dilute the residual water vapor and oxygen in the purging assembly, and then close the seventh valve, the sixth valve, the tenth valve, the eleventh valve and the thirteenth valve respectively; S9. Open the eighth valve, the fourteenth valve and the fifteenth valve. When there is a bubbling sound in the liquid metal storage barrel and the fifteenth valve continuously discharges gas, close the fourteenth valve, the fifteenth valve, the fourth valve, the ninth valve and the pressure reducing valve respectively; S10. Disconnect the pipeline between the third three-way joint and the twelfth valve from the twelfth valve, and disconnect the pipeline between the fifth valve and the fourth valve from the fourth valve; S11. Remove the liquid metal storage barrel; S12. Turn on the steam generator, observe the reading of the steam pressure gauge. When the steam pressure reaches the preset pressure, open the tenth valve to continuously purge the tenth valve, the four-way joint, the eighth valve, the second three-way joint, the fifth valve and the pipeline between the fifth valve and the fourth valve with water vapor until there is no liquid metal residue in the pipeline between the fifth valve and the fourth valve; S13. Turn off the steam generator and the tenth valve, open the eleventh valve, and disconnect the pipeline between the sixth valve and the second three-way valve from the sixth valve.

8. The liquid metal perfusion method according to claim 7, wherein The inert gas is nitrogen, argon or helium.

9. The liquid metal perfusion method according to claim 7, wherein The liquid metal is sodium-potassium alloy, gallium-indium-tin alloy or gallium-indium-tin-zinc alloy.

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