A throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, a diameter changing method, and a control method

Abstract

The present invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, and particularly to a throttling direct-push controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, a diameter changing method, and a control method. The stabilizer comprises an outer shell with a hollow interior extending through both ends, a filter nipple and an isolation nipple are arranged in the hollow cavity, an actuator and a plurality of variable diameter parts are arranged on the outer shell, the actuator is installed in the shell between the filter nipple and the outer shell, the plurality of variable diameter parts are installed in the shell between the isolation nipple and the outer shell, a pressure chamber is provided between the isolation nipple and the outer shell, the actuator can transport the fluid flowing through the filter nipple into the pressure chamber to squeeze the plurality of variable diameter parts so as to extend outward to achieve diameter change; the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention has the characteristics of good operation, feasibility, strong practicality, can effectively control the downhole trajectory, reduces the number of drilling times, and reduces friction resistance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil drilling, in particular to a throttling direct-thrust controllable variable-diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, a diameter-changing method and a control method. Background Art

[0002] With the increasing number of horizontal wells in large well clusters, a double-support four-in-one drill tool structure is often used in the secondary vertical well section and the stable inclination section, a single-support increased inclination drill tool structure is used in the inclined well section, and a double-support stable inclination drill tool structure is used in the horizontal section. Each adjustment of the drill tool structure is implemented through frequent tripping, which not only increases the labor intensity of workers but also prolongs the drilling construction period. Therefore, conventional drill tool combinations can no longer meet the increasingly complex drilling process requirements. It is imperative to develop an intelligent stabilizer that can be remotely controlled by the operator directly on the ground.

[0003] The research and development of controllable variable diameter stabilizers in China mainly focuses on the mechanical-electrical-hydraulic integrated type, and the control forms also include displacement control method, drilling pressure control method, back pressure difference signal control method, mud pump start and stop time control method, etc. However, the research results are still in the scientific research stage and the experimental stage, and have not been commercialized for practical application. Its main disadvantages are poor reliability of downlink instructions, difficulty in receiving signals at the bottom of the well, high friction of moving parts, and failure of moving seals. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the existing technology and provides a throttling direct-push controllable variable diameter stabilizer and a diameter changing method and a control method for oil drilling. In particular, it has the characteristics of good operation, good feasibility, strong practicality, and can effectively control the downhole trajectory, reduce the number of drilling times, and reduce friction resistance.

[0005] The technical problem solved by the present invention can be achieved by adopting the following technical solutions:

[0006] A throttling direct-push controllable variable-diameter stabilizer for oil drilling comprises an outer shell, wherein the outer shell comprises a hollow cavity running through both ends, wherein a filter nipple and an isolation nipple, both of which are hollow at both ends, are provided in the hollow cavity, an actuator and a plurality of reducing parts are provided on the outer shell, the actuator is installed in the shell between the filter nipple and the outer shell, the plurality of reducing parts are installed in the shell between the isolation nipple and the outer shell, a pressure cavity is provided between the isolation nipple and the outer shell, each reducing part is perpendicular to the pressure cavity, the actuator can transport the fluid flowing through the filter nipple into the pressure cavity for squeezing, and the plurality of reducing parts extend outward to achieve diameter change, and the outer shell is also provided with an injection channel, the diameter of which is smaller than the diameter of the channel through which the fluid flowing through the filter nipple is transported to the pressure cavity.

[0007] Furthermore, the actuator includes a power supply part and an actuator part, the power supply part is connected to the actuator part through an electric wire, the outer shell is provided with a groove body for installing the power supply part and the actuator part, the groove body for installing the actuator part is provided with an injection hole connected to the inner cavity of the filter short section, and a sealing cover plate is installed on the outside of the groove body.

[0008] Furthermore, the power supply unit is a battery pack, and the execution unit includes a motor control unit, an adapter plug, a motor, a reducer, a coupling, a drive shaft and a liquid inlet valve connected in this order. An angle limiter is provided between the end of the coupling and the drive shaft, and a compensating piston is connected to the end of the liquid inlet valve connected to the drive shaft, and the liquid inlet of the liquid inlet valve is connected to the injection hole.

[0009] Furthermore, an injection channel is provided in the liquid inlet valve, a guide tube is connected to the injection channel, the guide tube is communicated with the pressure chamber, and the diameter of the guide tube is larger than the diameter of the injection channel.

[0010] Furthermore, the motor control unit includes a vibration sensor, a PLC programmable controller and a motor control drive board, the vibration sensor, the PLC programmable controller and the motor control drive board are connected in sequence by electrical signals, and the motor control drive board is electrically connected to the motor.

[0011] Furthermore, the variable diameter portion is a plunger, and the plunger is installed in the shell of the outer shell by using a press sleeve. A second sealing ring is provided between the press sleeve and the outer shell, and a first sealing ring is provided between the plunger and the press sleeve.

[0012] Furthermore, the ejection channel forms a certain angle with the hollow cavity in the outer shell, and the angle is less than 90 degrees.

[0013] Furthermore, the filter sub is fixed at both ends in the hollow cavity by retaining rings, the filter sub body has a plurality of pores and is wrapped with a screen on the outside, and the isolation sub is fixed at both ends in the hollow cavity by retaining rings.

[0014] A diameter-changing method for a throttling direct-thrust controllable diameter-changing stabilizer for oil drilling, comprising the following steps:

[0015] The actuator is used to transport the fluid in the filter nipple into the pressure chamber for squeezing, and the multiple diameter reducing parts bulge outward to achieve diameter change;

[0016] During the drilling process, when the actuator opens to transfer the fluid in the filter sub into the pressure chamber, part of the fluid is ejected from the ejection channel. The pressure in the pressure chamber is greater than the external pressure of the variable diameter stabilizer, and the multiple variable diameter parts extend outward.

[0017] When the actuator is closed, the fluid in the pressure chamber flows out from the injection channel, the pressure in the pressure chamber is balanced with the external pressure of the variable diameter stabilizer, and the multiple variable diameter parts retract inwardly.

[0018] A control method for a throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling includes the following control steps:

[0019] Before the reducer stabilizer is put into the well, it is energized. At this time, the actuator keeps the passage that transmits the fluid flowing through the filter nipple to the pressure chamber in a closed state.

[0020] When the multiple reducing parts need to be extended, the ground start-stop pump transmits an opening signal to the actuator in the reducing stabilizer. After receiving the opening signal, the actuator opens the channel for the fluid flowing through the filter nipple to be transported to the pressure chamber. The fluid enters the pressure chamber through the filter nipple. At this time, the pressure in the pressure chamber is greater than the external pressure of the reducing stabilizer, and the multiple reducing parts extend outward.

[0021] When multiple reducing parts need to be retracted, a closing signal is transmitted to the actuator in the reducing stabilizer through the start-stop pump on the ground. After receiving the closing signal, the actuator closes the channel that transports the fluid flowing through the filter nipple to the pressure chamber. At this time, the remaining fluid in the pressure chamber flows out from the injection channel, and the pressure in the pressure chamber is balanced with the external pressure of the reducing stabilizer, and the multiple reducing parts retract inward.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention is designed so that the diameter of the ejection channel is smaller than the diameter of the channel in the pressure chamber through which the mud enters, thereby forming a pressure difference, thereby forming an alternating opening and closing of the pressure chamber, pushing the plunger to extend and retract, and the inside and outside of the plunger are relatively sealed;

[0024] The filter nipple and the screen outside the filter nipple and the screen outside the injection hole ensure that the particles entering the cavity are smaller than the aperture of the injection channel, avoiding blockage, ensuring the stability of the entire stabilizer and extending its service life;

[0025] The motor, reducer, coupling, drive shaft and liquid inlet valve form two groups of moving parts, and the plunger reduces a lot of mechanical movement friction, so that the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention has fewer wearing parts and a long service life;

[0026] The ejection channel is a normally open channel, making the entire pressure chamber an open pressure chamber structure. Liquid can flow in the injection channel, guide tube, pressure chamber and ejection channel, avoiding sand jamming caused by sedimentation in traditional closed chambers.

[0027] The plunger extension head of the plunger is an elliptical cylindrical structure, the lower part is a cylindrical structure, and the upper elliptical cylindrical structure plays a limiting role, so that the plunger will not rotate in the outer shell during the entire operation of the variable diameter stabilizer. At the same time, the elliptical cylindrical structure of the plunger extension head increases its contact surface with the well wall. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0029] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the power supply unit and the execution unit of the present invention located inside the outer shell.

[0031] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the overall cross-sectional structure of the execution part of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the plunger of the present invention in the outer shell.

[0033] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the plunger extension instruction in the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the plunger retraction instruction in the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention.

[0036] In the figure: 1-outer shell, 2-filter short section, 3-isolating short section, 4-plunger, 5-power supply part, 6-executor, 7-pressure chamber, 8-injection channel, 9-injection hole, 10-injection channel, 11-motor control unit, 12-adapter plug, 13-motor, 14-reducer, 15-coupling, 16-drive shaft, 17-angle limiter, 18-liquid inlet valve, 19-compensating piston, 20-guide tube, 21-pressing sleeve, 22-first sealing ring, 23-second sealing ring. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] Hereinafter, the technical solutions of a throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer, a diameter changing method and a control method for oil drilling provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail through several specific embodiments.

[0038] Reference Figure 1A throttling direct-push controllable variable-diameter stabilizer for oil drilling comprises an outer shell 1, wherein the outer shell 1 has a hollow cavity running through both ends. During the drilling process, mud fluid passes through the hollow cavity. A filter pup joint 2 and an isolation pup joint 3, both of which are hollow at both ends, are provided in the hollow cavity. The mud fluid entering the hollow cavity passes through the filter pup joint 2 and the isolation pup joint 3. A portion of the mud enters the pressure cavity 7 formed between the isolation pup joint 3 and the outer shell 1 after being filtered by the filter pup joint 2. An actuator and a plurality of reducing parts are provided on the outer shell 1. The actuator is installed in the shell between the filter pup joint 2 and the outer shell 1, wherein the actuator is installed in the shell of the outer shell 1. One end of the actuator can control the mud fluid passing through the filter pup joint 2 to enter the pressure cavity 7. The plurality of reducing parts are installed in the outer shell 1. In the shell between the isolation pup joint 3 and the outer shell 1, a pressure cavity 7 is provided between the isolation pup joint 3 and the outer shell 1, and each of the reducing parts is perpendicular to the pressure cavity 7. The actuator can transport the fluid flowing through the filter pup joint 2 to the pressure cavity 7 for squeezing, and multiple reducing parts bulge outward to achieve diameter change. Specifically, the mud enters the pressure cavity 7, and the internal pressure is greater than the external pressure of the reducing stabilizer, so that the internal pressure drives the multiple reducing parts to extend outward. An injection channel 8 is also provided on the outer shell 1, and the mud entering the pressure cavity 7 is discharged from the injection channel 8. The diameter of the injection channel 8 is smaller than the channel diameter of the fluid flowing through the filter pup joint 2 and transported to the pressure cavity 7. When the internal pressure is greater than the external pressure, the stabilizer can be reduced in diameter, and the mud is discharged from the injection channel 8 at the same time.

[0039] Further, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 5 The actuator includes a power supply part 5 and an actuator 6, and the power supply part 5 is connected to the actuator 6 through an electric wire. A slot for installing the power supply part 5 and the actuator 6 is provided on the outer shell 1, and an injection hole 9 communicating with the inner cavity of the filter short section 2 is provided on the slot for installing the actuator 6. Screens are provided on the outside of the filter short section 2 and on the injection hole 9 for filtering. The fluid entering the injection hole 9 controls whether the fluid enters the pressure chamber 7 through the actuator 6. A sealing cover is installed on the outside of the slot to prevent external fluid from entering the slot.

[0040] Further, refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3The power supply unit 5 is a battery pack, which is used to power the execution unit 6. The battery pack in the present invention is a high-temperature lithium battery or a turbine generator, a vibration generator or other power supply; the execution unit 6 includes a motor control unit 11, an adapter plug 12, a motor 13, a reducer 14, a coupling 15, a drive shaft 16 and a liquid inlet valve 18 connected in this order. The motor control unit 11 is used to receive a signal to control whether the fluid entering the injection hole 9 is to enter the pressure chamber 7. An angle limiter 17 is provided between the end of the coupling 15 and the drive shaft 16. Through the angle limiter The positioner 17 rotates the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 90 degrees clockwise or counterclockwise. The angle limiter 17 is used to limit the rotation angle to control the opening or closing of the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18. The end of the liquid inlet valve 18 connected to the drive shaft 16 is connected to a compensation piston 19. The compensation piston 19 is used to provide a certain pre-tightening force to the liquid inlet valve 18 to ensure that the liquid inlet valve 18 will not be displaced when the fluid enters the liquid inlet valve 18. When the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the liquid inlet port of the liquid inlet valve 18 is connected to the injection hole 9, and the fluid enters the pressure chamber 7.

[0041] Further, refer to Figure 2 The liquid inlet valve 18 is provided with an injection channel 10, and the injection channel 10 is connected to a guide tube 20. The guide tube 20 is connected to the pressure chamber 7, and the diameter of the guide tube 20 is larger than the diameter of the injection channel 8. Specifically, when the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 rotates 90 degrees clockwise, the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 opens, the injection channel 10 in the liquid inlet valve 18 is connected with the injection hole 9, and the fluid enters the injection channel 10, and then the fluid enters the guide tube 20 through the injection channel 10. The fluid entering the guide tube 20 enters the pressure chamber 7, wherein the apertures of the injection hole 9, the injection channel 10 and the guide tube 20 are all larger than the diameter of the injection channel 8, so that high pressure is generated inside them, driving the multiple diameter-changing parts to extend outward to achieve diameter change.

[0042] Further, refer to Figure 4 The reducing part is a plunger 4, and the plunger 4 is installed in the shell of the outer shell 1 by a pressing sleeve 21, and then the pressing sleeve is fixed with a fixing bolt. A second sealing ring 23 is provided between the pressing sleeve 21 and the outer shell 1, and a first sealing ring 22 is provided between the plunger 4 and the pressing sleeve 21, wherein a return spring is provided in the plunger 4, and the second sealing ring 23 and the first sealing ring 22 both play a sealing role; wherein the plunger protruding head of the plunger 4 of the present invention is an elliptical cylindrical structure, the lower part is a cylindrical structure, and the upper elliptical cylindrical structure plays a limiting role, so that the plunger 4 will not rotate in the outer shell 1 during the entire working process of the variable diameter stabilizer, and at the same time, the plunger protruding head of the elliptical cylindrical structure increases its contact surface with the well wall.

[0043] Furthermore, the motor control unit 11 includes a vibration sensor, a programmable logic controller (PLC), and a motor control drive board. The vibration sensor, PLC, and motor control drive board are sequentially electrically connected, and the motor control drive board is electrically connected to the motor 13. The vibration sensor, PLC, and motor control drive board of the present invention are all existing products, and the control program in the PLC is also prior art and is not protected within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0044] The vibration sensor is an ADXL354B acceleration sensor, and the principle is to decode the pressure pulse wave command of the vibration sensor. The time unit is 60±15S, and the vibration threshold calibration value is: amplitude 1.5mm, frequency 5.7Hz; the PLC programmable controller is an existing programmable controller; the motor control driver board is a motor driver with model L6235N.

[0045] In the present invention, the start (1) and stop (0) of the mud pump connected to the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention can be controlled by a vibration sensor and a PLC programmable controller, and the pressure wave is analyzed and decoded. The coding sequence is: reset command = 1001, set command = 1011;

[0046] The specific vibration sensor receives the pressure pulse wave command decoding, the command code is:

[0047] See also Figure 5 , is the stabilizer plunger 4 extension instruction A, stop the pump for 1 minute - start the pump for 1 minute - stop the pump for 1 minute - start the pump for 2 minutes - stop the pump for 1 minute;

[0048] See also Figure 6 , which is the stabilizer plunger 4 retraction instruction B, stop the pump for 1 minute - start the pump for 1 minute - stop the pump for 2 minutes - start the pump for 1 minute - stop the pump for 1 minute.

[0049] The control method of a throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling of the present invention includes the following control steps:

[0050] Before the variable diameter stabilizer is put into the well, it is energized. At this time, the actuator keeps the passage for the fluid flowing through the filter sub 2 and transported to the pressure chamber 7 in a closed state.

[0051] When the multiple reducing parts need to be extended, the ground start-stop pump transmits an opening signal to the actuator in the reducing stabilizer. After receiving the opening signal, the actuator opens the channel for the fluid flowing through the filter nipple 2 to be transported to the pressure chamber 7. The fluid enters the pressure chamber 7 through the filter nipple 2. At this time, the pressure in the pressure chamber 7 is greater than the external pressure of the reducing stabilizer, and the multiple reducing parts extend outward.

[0052] When multiple reducing parts need to be retracted, a closing signal is transmitted to the actuator in the reducing stabilizer through the ground start-stop pump. After receiving the closing signal, the actuator closes the channel for transporting the fluid flowing through the filter short section 2 to the pressure chamber 7. At this time, the remaining fluid in the pressure chamber 7 flows out from the injection channel 8, and the pressure in the pressure chamber 7 is balanced with the external pressure of the reducing stabilizer, and the multiple reducing parts retract inward.

[0053] The specific control principle is as follows:

[0054] When the PLC programmable controller receives the stabilizer plunger extension instruction A transmitted by the vibration sensor, the PLC programmable controller controls the motor control drive board to rotate the motor 13, and after the speed reducer decelerates and increases the torque, the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 is driven to rotate 90 degrees clockwise, so that the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 opens, and the injection channel 10 in the liquid inlet valve 18 is connected with the injection hole 9, and the fluid enters the injection channel 10, and then the fluid enters the guide tube 20 through the injection channel 10. The fluid entering the guide tube 20 enters the pressure chamber 7. At this time, because the diameter of the injection channel 8 is smaller than the aperture of the injection hole 9, the injection channel 10 and the guide tube 20, the pressure in the pressure chamber 7 is greater than the external pressure, and the plunger 4 extends outward.

[0055] When the PLC programmable controller receives the stabilizer plunger retraction instruction B transmitted by the vibration sensor, the PLC programmable controller controls the motor control drive plate to drive the motor 13 to rotate, and after the reducer decelerates and increases the torque, drives the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 to rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise, so that the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 is closed, and the injection channel 10 and the injection hole 9 in the liquid inlet valve 18 are closed. The fluid in the injection channel 10, the guide tube 20 and the pressure chamber 7 is discharged from the injection channel 8, the pressure in the pressure chamber 7 is balanced with the external pressure, and the plunger 4 retracts.

[0056] Furthermore, the ejection channel 8 forms a certain angle with the hollow cavity in the outer shell 1, and the angle is less than 90 degrees. Figure 1 The middle ejection channel 8 is tilted to accelerate the outflow of the fluid, reduce the pressure, and reduce the scouring of the well wall.

[0057] Furthermore, the filter subsection 2 is fixed at both ends in the hollow cavity by retaining rings, the filter subsection 2 body is provided with a plurality of fine holes, and its outside is wrapped with a screen, and the filter subsection 2 filters the mud through the plurality of fine holes and the screen, and the isolation subsection 3 is fixed at both ends in the hollow cavity by retaining rings, and the pressure cavity 7 is formed into a closed space, wherein the screen in the present invention is selected with a specification of 120 mesh to 200 mesh, and the isolation subsection 3 is an isolation sleeve.

[0058] A diameter-changing method for a throttling direct-thrust controllable diameter-changing stabilizer for oil drilling, comprising the following steps:

[0059] The actuator is used to deliver the fluid in the filter nipple 2 to the pressure chamber 7 for squeezing so that the multiple diameter reducing parts bulge outward to achieve diameter change;

[0060] During the drilling process, when the actuator is opened to transfer the fluid in the filter sub 2 to the pressure chamber 7, part of the fluid is ejected from the ejection channel 8. The pressure in the pressure chamber 7 is greater than the external pressure of the variable diameter stabilizer, and the multiple variable diameter parts extend outward.

[0061] When the actuator is closed, the fluid in the pressure chamber 7 flows out from the ejection channel 8, the pressure in the pressure chamber 7 is balanced with the external pressure of the variable diameter stabilizer, and the multiple variable diameter parts retract inward.

[0062] The principle of the diameter reduction method is as follows:

[0063] See also Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3 During the drilling process, the lower end of the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention is connected to a screw and a drill bit, and the pressure difference formed by the screw and the drill bit is 2MPa-6MPa. Therefore, the pressure in the pressure cavity 7 of the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention is greater than the external pressure of 2MPa-6MPa; the mud pressure entering the pressure cavity 7 of the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention is generally 5MPa-60MPa, so the pressure in the pressure cavity 7 of the present invention needs to meet the requirement of being greater than the external pressure of 2MPa-6MPa.

[0064] When the plunger 4 needs to be extended to achieve diameter change, the motor control unit 11 controls the motor 13 to rotate, thereby driving the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 to rotate 90 degrees clockwise. The valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 opens, and the injection channel 10 in the liquid inlet valve 18 is connected with the injection hole 9. The fluid enters the injection channel 10, and then the fluid enters the guide tube 20 through the injection channel 10. The fluid entering the guide tube 20 enters the pressure chamber 7, and part of the fluid is ejected from the ejection channel 8. The pressure in the pressure chamber 7 is greater than the external pressure of the variable diameter stabilizer, and multiple plungers 4 extend outward;

[0065] When the plunger 4 needs to be retracted, the motor control unit 11 controls the motor 13 to rotate, thereby driving the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 to rotate 90 degrees counterclockwise, the valve core of the liquid inlet valve 18 is closed, the injection channel 10 and the injection hole 9 in the liquid inlet valve 18 are closed, and the fluid in the injection channel 10, the guide tube 20 and the pressure chamber 7 is discharged from the injection channel 8. The pressure in the pressure chamber 7 is balanced with the external pressure, and the plunger 4 is retracted under the action of the return spring.

[0066] The variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention forms a pressure difference by designing the aperture of the injection channel 8 to be smaller than the diameter of the channel in the pressure chamber 7 through which the mud enters, thereby forming an alternate switch of the pressure chamber 7, pushing the plunger 4 to extend and retract, and the inside and outside of the plunger 4 are relatively sealed; the filter nipple 2 and the screen outside the filter nipple 2 and the screen outside the injection hole 9 ensure that the particles entering the cavity are smaller than the aperture of the injection channel 8, avoiding blockage, ensuring the stability of the entire stabilizer and extending its service life; the moving parts formed by the motor 13, reducer 14, coupling 15, drive shaft 16 and liquid inlet valve 18 and the two groups of moving parts of the plunger 4 reduce many mechanical movement frictions, so that the variable diameter stabilizer of the present invention has fewer wearing parts and a long service life; the injection channel 8 is a normally open channel, so that the entire pressure chamber is an open pressure chamber structure, the injection channel 10, the guide tube 20 , the liquid in the pressure chamber 7 and the injection channel 8 can flow, avoiding sand jamming caused by sedimentation in the traditional closed chamber; the plunger protrusion of the plunger 4 is an elliptical cylindrical structure, the lower part is a cylindrical structure, and the upper elliptical cylindrical structure plays a limiting role, so that the plunger 4 will not rotate in the outer shell 1 during the entire operation of the variable diameter stabilizer. At the same time, the plunger protrusion of the elliptical cylindrical structure increases its contact surface with the well wall; the signal transmission through the motor control unit 11 adopts the regular vibration command signal generated by starting and stopping the pump or rotating the turntable to be transmitted, and the opening and closing of the fluid inlet injection hole 9 is controlled by the angle micro motor 13. When the inlet is open, a throttling pressure difference is formed to push the plunger 4 out; in the closed state, the pressure chamber 7 and the annulus outside the pipe are connected through the injection channel 8, the throttling pressure difference disappears, and the plunger 4 is reset and retracted.

[0067] The above describes the embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by ordinary technicians in this field, various changes can be made without departing from the purpose of the present invention, which are all within the scope of protection of this technology.

[0068] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present invention (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0069] The technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. A throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, characterized by: The invention comprises an outer shell (1), wherein the outer shell (1) has a hollow cavity extending through both ends, wherein a filter short section (2) and an isolating short section (3) both extending through both ends are provided in the hollow cavity, wherein an actuator and a plurality of reducing parts are provided on the outer shell (1), wherein the actuator is installed in the shell between the filter short section (2) and the outer shell (1), wherein the plurality of reducing parts are installed in the shell between the isolating short section (3) and the outer shell (1), wherein a pressure cavity (7) is provided between the isolating short section (3) and the outer shell (1), wherein each reducing part is perpendicular to the pressure cavity (7), wherein the actuator can transport the fluid flowing through the filter short section (2) into the pressure cavity (7) for squeezing, wherein the plurality of reducing parts extend outwards to achieve the diameter change, and wherein an ejection channel (8) is further provided on the outer shell (1), wherein the diameter of the ejection channel (8) is smaller than the diameter of the channel through which the fluid flowing through the filter short section (2) is transported to the pressure cavity (7); The actuator comprises a power supply unit (5) and an actuator unit (6), wherein the power supply unit (5) is connected to the actuator unit (6) via an electric wire, a slot for mounting the power supply unit (5) and the actuator unit (6) is provided on the outer shell (1), an injection hole (9) communicating with the inner cavity of the filter nipple (2) is provided on the slot of the actuator unit (6), and a sealing cover is installed on the outside of the slot; The power supply unit (5) is a battery pack, and the actuator (6) includes a motor control unit (11), a switching plug (12), a motor (13), a reducer (14), a coupling (15), a drive shaft (16), and a liquid inlet valve (18) connected in this order. An angle limiter (17) is provided between the end of the coupling (15) and the drive shaft (16). The end of the liquid inlet valve (18) connected to the drive shaft (16) is connected to a compensation piston (19), and the liquid inlet of the liquid inlet valve (18) is communicated with the injection hole (9). An injection channel (10) is provided in the liquid inlet valve (18), and a flow guide tube (20) is connected to the injection channel (10). The flow guide tube (20) is communicated with the pressure chamber (7), and the diameter of the flow guide tube (20) is larger than the diameter of the injection channel (8).

2. The throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The motor control unit (11) comprises a vibration sensor, a PLC programmable controller and a motor control drive board, wherein the vibration sensor, the PLC programmable controller and the motor control drive board are connected in sequence via electrical signals, and the motor control drive board is electrically connected to the motor (13).

3. A throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The reducing portion is a plunger (4), and the plunger (4) is installed in the shell of the outer shell (1) using a pressing sleeve (21). A second sealing ring (23) is provided between the pressing sleeve (21) and the outer shell (1), and a first sealing ring (22) is provided between the plunger (4) and the pressing sleeve (21).

4. The throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The ejection channel (8) forms a certain angle with the hollow cavity in the outer shell (1), and the angle is less than 90 degrees.

5. The throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1 is characterized by: The filter short section (2) is fixed at both ends in the hollow cavity by retaining rings. The filter short section (2) has a plurality of fine holes on its body and is wrapped with a screen. The isolation short section (3) is fixed at both ends in the hollow cavity by retaining rings.

6. A diameter-changing method for a throttling direct-thrust controllable variable-diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, using the throttling direct-thrust controllable variable-diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: An actuator is used to transport the fluid passing through the filter nipple (2) into the pressure chamber (7) for squeezing so that the multiple diameter-changing parts bulge outwards to achieve diameter change; During the drilling process, when the execution structure of the pressure chamber (7) is opened to transport the fluid in the filter nipple (2) into the pressure chamber (7), part of the fluid is ejected from the ejection channel (8), the pressure in the pressure chamber (7) is greater than the external pressure of the variable diameter stabilizer, and the multiple variable diameter portions extend outward; When the actuator is closed, the fluid in the pressure chamber (7) flows out from the ejection channel (8), the pressure in the pressure chamber (7) is balanced with the external pressure of the variable diameter stabilizer, and the multiple variable diameter parts retract inwardly.

7. A control method for a throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling, using the throttling direct-thrust controllable variable diameter stabilizer for oil drilling according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control steps include: The variable diameter stabilizer is energized before entering the well, and at this time, the actuator keeps the passage for the fluid flowing through the filter nipple (2) and transported to the pressure chamber (7) in a closed state; When the plurality of reducing parts need to be extended, an opening signal is transmitted to the actuator in the reducing stabilizer through the on-off pump on the ground. After receiving the opening signal, the actuator opens the channel for the fluid flowing through the filter nipple (2) to be transported to the pressure chamber (7). The fluid enters the pressure chamber (7) through the filter nipple (2). At this time, the pressure in the pressure chamber (7) is greater than the external pressure of the reducing stabilizer, and the plurality of reducing parts extend outward. When the plurality of reducing parts need to be retracted, a closing signal is transmitted to the actuator in the reducing stabilizer through the on-off pump on the ground. After receiving the closing signal, the actuator closes the passage for the fluid flowing through the filter short section (2) to be transported to the pressure chamber (7). At this time, the remaining fluid in the pressure chamber (7) flows out from the injection passage (8), and the pressure in the pressure chamber (7) is balanced with the external pressure of the reducing stabilizer, and the plurality of reducing parts retract inwardly.

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