Method of improving pore structure quality of aluminum alloy products

Abstract

The present application relates to the field of aluminum alloy processing, and particularly discloses a method for improving the quality of a hole system of an aluminum alloy product, which comprises the following steps: step 1, clamping a workpiece and making a part to be processed face a tool; step 2, setting a water outlet hole at a position close to a cutting edge of the tool, making the tool close to the workpiece and processing a hole on the workpiece, and passing water into the hole through the water outlet hole, wherein the water pressure of the water outlet hole is kept at 1.5-2 MPa; and step 3, controlling the tool to move away from the hole processed in step 2. The method for improving the quality of the hole system of the aluminum alloy product can make the debris generated in the processing process discharged from the hole, so that the surface quality of the hole wall is prevented from being reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aluminum alloy processing, and more specifically to a method for improving the quality of the hole system in aluminum alloy products. Background Technology

[0002] Hole machining generates debris, some of which remains inside the hole. As the cutting tool gradually enters the bottom of the hole, it scratches the hole wall. Especially when the hole is a blind hole, the debris remaining at the bottom of the hole usually cannot be automatically discharged during machining. Since there is relative movement between the cutting tool and the hole wall during machining, the debris remaining at the bottom of the hole will also accumulate on the cutting edge to form a tool mark, which reduces tool life and will also cause deviations in the size of the next hole machined by the tool and a decrease in the surface quality of the hole wall. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention aims to provide a method for improving the quality of the hole system in aluminum alloy products, so as to remove the debris generated during processing from the holes and avoid the reduction of the surface quality of the hole walls.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a method for improving the pore quality of aluminum alloy products, comprising the following steps:

[0005] Step 1: Clamp the workpiece and align the part to be machined with the cutting tool;

[0006] Step 2: Set a water outlet hole at the lower end of the tool near the cutting edge, bring the tool close to the workpiece and machine a hole on the workpiece, and at the same time, let water flow into the hole through the water outlet hole. The water pressure of the water outlet hole is maintained at 1.5~2Mpa.

[0007] Step 3: Control the tool to move away from the hole machined in step 2.

[0008] The beneficial effects of this plan are:

[0009] 1. During the hole machining process, as the hole depth increases, the lower end of the cutting tool gradually penetrates into the hole. At this time, the high-pressure water flow from the outlet hole impacts the sidewall and bottom of the hole. Since the hole is a blind hole, the water inside the hole flows out from the opening under pressure, forming a water flow from the hole. During this process, the debris inside the hole is carried out by the water flow and discharged from the hole. Therefore, debris will not accumulate inside the hole, thus avoiding debris scratching the sidewall of the hole and preventing debris from forming a tool mark on the cutting tool, thereby improving the machining quality of the hole.

[0010] 2. Friction occurs between the cutting tool and the workpiece during machining. This friction causes the temperature of the tool and the area around the hole to rise. As machining time and tool speed increase, the temperature rises further. Excessive temperature can reduce tool life and decrease the quality of the hole machining. In this solution, water flowing from the outlet cools the tool and workpiece, preventing temperature rise and extending tool life.

[0011] Further, in step 1, a water-retaining ring is installed below the tool, with the top of the water-retaining ring higher than the top of the workpiece.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: the water flowing out of the outlet maintains a relatively high pressure. Under this pressure, the water flowing out of the outlet has a high initial velocity. Furthermore, due to the rotation of the cutting tool, the water flowing out of the outlet carries debris and splashes in all directions, easily landing on surrounding equipment and the ground, making it difficult to clean. The water-blocking ring in this solution can block the splashing water and debris, preventing them from spreading excessively and avoiding water ingress into other parts of the machine tool, which could cause malfunctions.

[0013] Furthermore, in step 1, multiple water guide plates are arranged circumferentially along the inner circumference of the water-blocking ring, and an upper baffle is arranged on the upper surface of the water guide plates. A water outlet is formed between the upper baffle and the water guide plates, and the upper end of the upper baffle is tilted towards the side closer to the cutter.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: the water guide plate guides the outflowing water, preventing it from flowing in large quantities to the bottom of the workpiece. At the same time, because the water guide plate is tilted, the water flowing between the water guide plate and the water baffle ring will not flow back towards the side closer to the workpiece, thus preventing the water flow from carrying debris back to the workpiece and making it difficult to clean.

[0015] Because the water flowing out of the hole has a certain initial velocity, it forms a water mist that disperses above the workpiece after flowing out; smaller particles also drift into the air and diffuse outward under the action of the airflow generated by the water flow. In this design, after the upper baffle is tilted towards the side closer to the tool, the gap between the upper end of the upper baffle and the tool is further reduced, so that the splashed water mist and smaller particles are blocked by the upper baffle and do not diffuse outward in large quantities.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 1, a flexible sealing layer is applied between adjacent water guide plates.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this solution are: the sealing layer can block the gap between adjacent water guide plates, preventing water from leaking between adjacent water guide plates, thereby improving the water recycling effect.

[0018] Furthermore, in step 1, an upper baffle with several negative pressure holes is installed with the negative pressure holes facing away from the water-blocking ring. In step 2, when the cutting tool is used for machining, the negative pressure holes are connected to the negative pressure equipment to form negative pressure inside the negative pressure holes.

[0019] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: Under negative pressure, water mist and small-sized debris near the upper baffle are adsorbed onto the upper baffle, further recovering water while preventing debris from falling onto the workpiece or spreading to the outside from the gap between the upper baffle and the tool, thus improving the debris recovery effect.

[0020] Furthermore, in step 3, after the tool leaves the hole processed in step 2, after the water outlet moves to be opposite the upper part of the upper baffle, the tool is rotated so that the water flowing out of the water outlet sprays onto the upper baffle, and the negative pressure in the negative pressure hole is closed, and then the water flow is stopped.

[0021] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: when the cutter rotates, under centrifugal force, the water flowing out of the water outlet is dispersed in all directions and sprayed onto the upper baffle, which washes the upper baffle and washes the debris adsorbed in the upper baffle downward, avoiding a large amount of debris remaining on the upper baffle and sealing the negative pressure hole, while also facilitating the unified collection of debris.

[0022] Further, in step 1, the water guide plate is hinged to the water baffle ring, and a vertical rod is fixed at the lower end of the upper baffle plate, and the lower end of the vertical rod is hinged to the upper surface of the water guide plate.

[0023] After controlling the cutter away from the workpiece in step 3, rotate at least one of the water guide plate and the upper baffle towards the side closer to the water baffle ring.

[0024] The beneficial effects of this solution are as follows: after the water guide plate and the upper baffle rotate, the vertical projection of the upper baffle falls onto the water guide plate. When the water flows down along the upper baffle, it falls onto the water guide plate, thereby preventing water and debris on the upper baffle from falling into the workpiece and the holes machined on the workpiece.

[0025] Further, a drain pipe is connected to the water-blocking ring, and the water flowing out of the drain pipe is filtered to form filtered water; step 2 is to pass the filtered water into the water outlet.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this solution are: the water collected between the water guide plate and the water baffle ring can be discharged in a timely manner through the drain pipe, and after filtration, it can be reintroduced into the processed hole to realize the recycling of water and effectively save water resources. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a perspective view of the water-retaining ring in Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A partial vertical cross-sectional view;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged view of the middle guide plate and the upper baffle;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the upper baffle and water guide plate after rotation. Detailed Implementation

[0031] The following detailed description illustrates the specific implementation method:

[0032] The reference numerals in the accompanying drawings include: water baffle 1, drain pipe 11, power component 12, cutter 2, water guide plate 3, sealing layer 31, limiting block 32, vertical rod 4, upper baffle 5, negative pressure chamber 51, negative pressure hole 52, guide rod 53, push rod 6, and sliding sleeve 61.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A method for improving the pore quality of aluminum alloy products includes the following steps:

[0035] Step 1: The cutter 2 is vertical. A water-blocking ring 1 is installed below the cutter 2 to clamp the workpiece, and the part to be processed is directly facing the cutter 2. At the same time, the top of the water-blocking ring 1 is higher than the top of the workpiece.

[0036] The water-blocking ring 1 is equipped with several water-guiding plates 3 arranged circumferentially along its inner periphery. The end of each water-guiding plate 3 near the water-blocking ring is hinged to the water-blocking ring 1, while the end away from the water-blocking ring 1 is inclined upwards. A flexible sealing layer 31 covers the space between adjacent water-guiding plates 3. Specifically, the sealing layer 31 is made of elastic rubber, and its lower end is fixed to the inner wall of the water-blocking ring 1, located above the hinge point between the water-guiding plate 3 and the water-blocking ring 1, thus shielding the connection between the water-guiding plate 3 and the water-blocking ring 1. A filtration space is formed between the lower end of the water-guiding plate 3 and the water-blocking ring 1, and this filtration space is located above the sealing layer 31. The water-blocking ring 1 is provided with a slag discharge port, located at the lower end of the filtration space. In this embodiment, the slag discharge port is connected to a drain pipe 11, which filters the water in the drain pipe 11 during processing, forming filtered water.

[0037] A baffle 5 is provided above the upper surface of the water guide plate 3 facing the filtration space, and at least two vertical rods 4 are hinged to it. A limiting block 32 is provided on the side of the vertical rod 4 near the water baffle ring 1. The limiting block 32 is installed on the water guide plate 3 by bolts, which limits the rotation angle of the vertical rod 4 towards the side near the water baffle ring 1. The upper baffle 5 is welded to the upper end of the vertical rod 4. The end of the upper baffle 5 away from the vertical rod 4 is inclined towards the end away from the water baffle ring 1, forming a water outlet between the upper baffle 5 and the water guide plate 3. The vertical projection of the upper end of the upper baffle 5 is located on the side of the water guide plate 3 away from the water baffle ring 1, and when the water guide plate 3 rotates towards the side near the water baffle ring 1, the vertical projection of the upper end of the upper baffle 5 is located on the water guide plate 3.

[0038] The upper baffle 5 is provided with a negative pressure chamber 51. The side wall of the upper baffle 5 away from the water baffle ring 1 is provided with several negative pressure holes 52 that communicate with the negative pressure chamber 51. The negative pressure chamber 51 is connected to a negative pressure device (not shown in the figure) that can generate negative pressure, such as a water-air dual-purpose pump, through a pipe.

[0039] A guide rod 53 is provided on the side of the upper baffle 5 facing the water-blocking ring 1. The guide rod 53 is installed on the upper baffle 5 by screws, and a sliding sleeve 61 is sleeved on the guide rod 53. The sliding sleeve 61 is clearance-fitted with the guide rod 53, so that the sliding sleeve 61 can slide along the guide rod 53. A push rod 6 is hinged on the sliding sleeve 61. The push rod 6 passes through the water-blocking ring 1 in the horizontal direction and slides along the axis of the water-blocking ring 1. The end of the push rod 6 away from the upper baffle 5 is connected to a power component 12. In this embodiment, the power component 12 is an electric telescopic rod. In actual implementation, a ball screw structure can also be used to drive the push rod 6 to slide axially. Before clamping the workpiece, the upper baffle 5 is controlled to rotate towards the side closer to the water-blocking ring 1. After the workpiece is clamped, the upper baffle 5 is controlled to return to the side away from the water-blocking ring 1.

[0040] Step 2: Set a water outlet hole at the lower end of the cutter 2 near the cutting edge, bring the cutter 2 close to the workpiece and machine a hole on the workpiece, and at the same time, pass filtered water into the hole through the water outlet hole, and keep the water pressure of the water outlet hole at 1.5~2Mpa; while machining the hole, start the negative pressure device to form negative pressure in the negative pressure chamber 51 and the negative pressure hole 52.

[0041] Step 3: After the hole is machined, control the cutter 2 to move vertically away from the hole machined in step 2, and control the upper baffle 5 to rotate towards the side closer to the water baffle ring 1, so that the cutter 2 rotates and the negative pressure device is turned off. At this time, the rotation speed of the cutter 2 is less than the rotation speed of the cutter 2 in step 2, and at the same time, the negative pressure chamber 51 and the negative pressure hole 52 are restored to normal pressure. When the lower end of the cutter 2 moves above the upper baffle 5, stop the water flow into the outlet hole.

[0042] Step 2: During the hole machining process, the filtered water entering the workpiece to machine the hole flushes out the debris inside the hole, preventing debris from remaining inside the hole. Due to the high water pressure, the water and debris flowing out of the hole will splash. In this solution, multiple upper baffles 5 are arranged in a frustum shape above the workpiece to block the splashing debris and water. After being hit by the upper baffles 5, the debris falls onto the upper surface of the water guide plate 3 and is finally discharged through the drain pipe 11 with the water flow.

[0043] When the water mist and small-sized debris formed by splashing pass between the upper baffle 5 and the tool 2, they are adsorbed on the upper baffle 5 under the negative pressure of the negative pressure chamber 51 and the negative pressure hole 52, thereby further preventing water droplets and debris from spreading to the outside and causing excessive water and debris to fall into other parts of the machine tool, which could lead to machine tool failure.

[0044] Step 3: After the hole is machined, when the tool 2 moves upward to the position where the water outlet is opposite to the upper baffle 5, the filtered water flowing out of the water outlet sprays onto the upper baffle 5 under centrifugal force due to the rotation of the tool 2, rinsing the debris adsorbed on the upper baffle 5 and preventing small debris from clogging the negative pressure hole 52. As the upper baffle 5 rotates towards the side closer to the water baffle ring 1, the rinsing water and debris fall downward onto the water guide plate 3, preventing the debris from falling back into the hole machined on the workpiece.

[0045] The above descriptions are merely embodiments of the present invention, and common knowledge such as specific technical solutions and / or characteristics are not described in detail here. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the technical solutions of the present invention, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention. These modifications and improvements will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the patent. The scope of protection claimed in this application should be determined by the content of its claims, and the specific embodiments described in the specification can be used to interpret the content of the claims.

Claims

1. A method of improving the quality of the pore structure of an aluminum alloy product, characterized by: The method comprises the following steps: Step 1: clamp the workpiece and make the part to be machined face the cutter; install a water baffle below the cutter and make the top of the water baffle higher than the top of the workpiece, set a plurality of water guide plates along the inner periphery of the water baffle in the circumferential direction, hinge the water guide plates to the water baffle, fix a vertical rod at the lower end of the upper baffle, hinge the lower end of the vertical rod to the upper surface of the water guide plate, set an upper baffle on the upper surface of the water guide plate, form a water outlet between the upper baffle and the water guide plate, and incline the upper end of the upper baffle towards the side close to the cutter; use the upper baffle provided with a plurality of negative pressure holes, and install the upper baffle in a posture with the negative pressure holes away from the water baffle; Step 2: set a water outlet hole at the lower end of the cutter close to the cutting edge, make the cutter close to the workpiece and machine a hole on the workpiece, at the same time, pass water into the hole of the workpiece through the water outlet hole, keep the water outlet pressure of the water outlet hole at 1.5-2 Mpa, communicate the negative pressure hole with a negative pressure device to form negative pressure in the negative pressure hole; Step 3: control the cutter to move away from the hole machined in step 2, rotate at least one of the water guide plate and the upper baffle towards the side close to the water baffle, after the water outlet hole moves to the upper part of the upper baffle, rotate the cutter to make the water flowing out of the water outlet hole spray on the upper baffle, close the negative pressure in the negative pressure hole, and then stop passing water.

2. The method of improving pore structure quality of an aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein: Step 1 covers a flexible sealing layer between adjacent water guide plates.

3. The method of improving pore structure quality of an aluminum alloy product of claim 1, wherein: Connect a drain pipe to the water baffle, filter the water flowing out of the drain pipe to form filtered water, and pass the filtered water into the water outlet hole in step 2.

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