Semi-automatic load control frequency conversion device of cylindrical floating body and working method thereof

Abstract

The application provides a kind of cylindrical floating body's semi-automatic load control frequency conversion device and its working method, including: floating body, limiting system, piston system and electromagnet control system, limiting system includes upward limiter and downward limiter, the inner wall of load control cabin is provided with strip-shaped groove, upward limiter and downward limiter are arranged in strip-shaped groove, piston system includes piston and gas ring, piston is arranged at the center of load control cabin and is in contact with load control cabin inner wall through gas ring, the lower end of load control cabin is provided with communication hole;Electromagnet control system includes wave energy power generation equipment, control module, stop lever electromagnet system and limiter electromagnet system, the application mainly utilizes the inherent frequency of floating body structure by adjusting ballast water to control, thereby adjusting its motion response;Only a small amount of control energy of control relay is needed, and the process of variable load and frequency is completed by using the work of wave itself, so that the effect of realizing load control frequency conversion does not need complex equipment and a large amount of energy.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of marine engineering technology, and more particularly to a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its operating method. Background Technology

[0002] Cylindrical shapes are a typical form for marine floating structures. Spar-type offshore platforms, most marine monitoring buoys, and most float-type wave energy generation devices all use cylindrical bodies as their basic structure. Cylindrical bodies are less affected by changes in the direction of environmental loads such as wind and waves, and their manufacturing process is relatively mature.

[0003] Waves are the primary environmental load on marine floating structures. Therefore, the design of marine floating structures (including offshore platforms and buoys) should ensure that the resonant frequencies of their primary degrees of freedom are far from the wave center frequency of the surrounding area, in order to reduce the kinematic response in these primary degrees of freedom and lower the stress. For wave energy generation devices, however, the resonant frequencies of their effective degrees of freedom should be close to the wave center frequency of the surrounding sea area to increase the kinematic response in these effective degrees of freedom and increase output power. It can be seen that, regardless of the type of marine structure, the resonant frequency of its primary degrees of freedom is a key design indicator.

[0004] Once a marine structure is built, it has a fixed design draft. Its mass, moment of inertia, center of gravity, displacement volume, and displacement shape remain unchanged, thus its resonant frequencies in its main degrees of freedom are fixed. However, the wave center frequency in the sea area changes continuously over time. This means that the natural frequencies of floating structures such as offshore platforms and buoys will always be close to the wave center frequency at certain times, causing them to have larger kinematic responses and dynamic loads. On the other hand, the time-varying nature of the wave center frequency makes it difficult for wave energy power generation devices to lock onto the wave center frequency, resulting in lower efficiency at non-design wave frequencies.

[0005] One method to adjust the motion response of a floating structure is to use phase control technology. This requires a phase compensation device to provide considerable control force or torque, making the equipment complex and expensive. Furthermore, phase control itself consumes a lot of energy. Another method is to adjust the ballast water to change the mass, moment of inertia, center of gravity, drainage volume, and drainage shape of the floating structure, thereby changing its natural frequency. However, this requires pumps or hydraulic devices to pump out the ballast water, making the equipment still relatively complex. Moreover, the frequency adjustment process also requires a lot of power and consumes a lot of energy.

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to design a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its working method. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The existing methods for changing the natural frequency suffer from high power consumption. Therefore, this invention provides a semi-automatic load control frequency conversion device for a cylindrical floating body and its operating method. This invention primarily utilizes the adjustment of ballast water to control the natural frequency of the floating structure, thereby adjusting its motion response. It requires only a small amount of control power from the relays, utilizing the work done by the waves themselves to complete the load control frequency conversion process. Therefore, it achieves load control frequency conversion without requiring complex equipment or a large amount of energy.

[0008] The technical means employed in this invention are as follows:

[0009] A semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float, characterized in that it comprises: a float, a limiting system, a piston system, and an electromagnet control system. The float includes an upper compartment, a load control compartment, and a lower compartment. The limiting system includes an upward limiter and a downward limiter. The inner wall of the load control compartment has a strip-shaped groove, in which the upward and downward limiters are disposed. The piston system includes a piston and a gas ring. The gas ring is disposed on the side wall of the piston, and the piston is located at the center of the load control compartment, connecting to the inner wall of the load control compartment via the gas ring. The lower end of the control cabin is provided with a connecting hole; the electromagnet control system includes a wave energy generator, a control module, a stop electromagnet system, and a limit electromagnet system. The wave energy generator is electrically connected to the control module, the stop electromagnet system, and the limit electromagnet system. The wave energy generator and the control module are located in the upper cabin. The stop electromagnet system is located at the upper and lower ends of the upward limit switch and the downward limit switch. The limit electromagnet system is located on the back of the upward limit switch and the downward limit switch.

[0010] Furthermore, the piston has a double-ring groove structure on its side wall, and the gas ring is disposed within the double-ring groove structure.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner surface of the upward limit switch is provided with a helical tooth structure with a horizontal upper end face, and the inner surface of the downward limit switch is provided with a helical tooth structure with a horizontal lower end face.

[0012] Furthermore, the stop lever electromagnet system includes a relay, a stop lever electromagnet, a stop lever, and a stop lever spring. The relay is electrically connected to the stop lever electromagnet. The stop lever has a quadrangular prism structure, and the end of the stop lever has a helical tooth structure. The upper limit switch and the lower limit switch have grooves at their upper and lower ends that match the stop lever.

[0013] Furthermore, limit springs are provided on the back of the upper limit switch and the lower limit switch.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting electromagnet system includes a downward limiting electromagnet, an upward limiting electromagnet, and the relay. The relay is electrically connected to the downward limiting electromagnet and the upward limiting electromagnet. The downward limiting electromagnet is disposed on the back of the downward limiting electromagnet, and the upward limiting electromagnet is disposed on the back of the upward limiting electromagnet.

[0015] The present invention also provides a method for operating a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0016] Step S1: When the external wave periodically pulsates and pushes the piston upward, the limit electromagnet of the downward limiter and the corresponding stop electromagnet are energized by the relay, attracting the downward limiter to retract into the inner wall of the cabin. After the downward limiter reaches the predetermined position, the stop electromagnet disengages first, and the stop spring uses its elastic force to press the stop into the slots at both ends of the downward limiter, de-energizing the limit electromagnet of the downward limiter; at this time, only the two upward limiters are working, and the downward limiters are both retracted and locked in the inner wall groove; seawater connects the control cabin with the external waves through the connecting hole. The wave field is connected, and the pulsating pressure will push the piston upward. The air at the top of the piston can flow out from the hole at the top of the control cabin to maintain the air pressure in the space at about one standard atmosphere. The helical tooth structure of the upper limiter can ensure the unidirectional movement of the piston. When the piston reaches the required height, the resonant frequency of the float reaches the predetermined requirement. In order to prevent the piston from falling and rising with the pulsating stroke and to ensure that the piston maintains the required height for a long time, the relay energizes the stop rod electromagnet to retract the stop rod. At the same time, the lower limiter pops out of the inner wall under the action of the limiter spring to further restrict the movement of the piston.

[0017] Step S2: When the external wave periodic pulsating pressure pushes the piston down, the limit electromagnet of the upward upper limit device and the corresponding stop electromagnet are energized by the relay, attracting the upward upper limit device to retract into the inner wall of the compartment. After the upward upper limit device reaches the predetermined position, the stop electromagnet is disengaged first, and the stop spring uses its elastic force to press the stop into the slots at both ends of the upward upper limit device, and the limit electromagnet of the upward upper limit device is de-energized; at this time, only the two downward limit devices are working, and the upward upper limit devices are both retracted and locked in the inner wall groove; Seawater connects the control chamber to the external wave field through the connecting hole. The pulsating pressure will attract the piston to move downward. The helical tooth structure of the downward limiter can ensure the unidirectional movement of the piston. When the piston reaches the required height, the resonant frequency of the float reaches the predetermined requirement. In order to prevent the piston from falling and rising with the pulsating stroke and to ensure that the piston maintains the required height for a long time, the relay energizes the stop rod electromagnet, causing the stop rod to retract. At the same time, the upward limiter pops out of the inner wall under the action of the limiter spring, further restricting the movement of the piston.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0019] 1. The present invention provides a semi-automatic load control frequency conversion device and its working method for a cylindrical floating body. By adjusting the ballast water, the natural frequency of the floating body structure is controlled, thereby adjusting its motion response. Only a small amount of control power is needed to control the relay. The load conversion process is completed by using the work done by the waves themselves. Therefore, the load control frequency conversion does not require complex equipment and a large amount of energy.

[0020] 2. The present invention provides a semi-automatic load control frequency conversion device and its working method for a cylindrical float. The semi-automatic load control frequency modulation function is realized by the structure of load control chamber, connecting hole, piston, relay, limiter, etc. Compared with phase control, pump control, hydraulic and other methods, this invention does not require input of large control force or control torque, does not consume a lot of load control energy, and the equipment structure is much simpler.

[0021] 3. The present invention provides a semi-automatic load control frequency conversion device for a cylindrical float and its working method. It utilizes the connecting hole to transmit the ballast water pressure pulsation caused by external waves, so that its effective stroke pushes the piston to move unidirectionally in the target direction of load control, thereby changing the amount of ballast water entering the load control chamber, thereby changing the overall mass, moment of inertia, center of gravity, and displacement volume of the float, adjusting the natural frequency of the float, and ensuring that the natural frequency is far away from or close to the wave center frequency, thereby reducing the motion response of the float in the main degrees of freedom (such as offshore platforms and buoys) or increasing the motion response of the float in the main degrees of freedom (such as wave energy power generation devices).

[0022] 4. This invention provides a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its operating method. A limiter helical tooth structure ensures unidirectional piston movement during load adjustment. External pressure pulsations are transmitted through a connecting hole to move the piston up and down. The piston contacts the inclined surface of the helical tooth, overcoming the spring force of the limiter and pushing the helical tooth into the inner wall groove. The horizontal surface of the helical tooth hinders the piston's reverse movement, limiting the return stroke and bringing the piston back to its original position, thus achieving unidirectional piston movement within one cycle. A relay and spring structure are used to restrict the limiter to a predetermined area.

[0023] 5. The present invention provides a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its working method. The piston of the load control chamber uses a ring groove structure around it to facilitate the insertion of the air ring. The air ring uses a beveled design, which reduces thermal expansion and contraction cracks and extends service life compared with ordinary pistons. The two air rings are placed with their beveled openings facing opposite directions to reduce sliding scratches and improve sealing.

[0024] 6. The present invention provides a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its working method. The stop bar structure ensures that the piston contacts the corresponding directional limiter within the one-way stroke of the piston in the load control chamber. The reverse limiter is restricted to the inner wall groove by the upper and lower stop bars. The relay control reduces the working time of the limiter electromagnet and reduces the energy consumption of the load control unit.

[0025] Based on the above reasons, this invention can be widely promoted in fields such as marine engineering technology. Attached Figure Description

[0026] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its working method according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the working method of a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float according to the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 This is a unit cross-sectional schematic diagram of a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its working method according to the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the pop-up state of a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its working method according to the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the retraction state of a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its working method according to the present invention.

[0032] Figure 6 The present invention provides a relay circuit diagram of a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its operating method.

[0033] Figure 7 This is a control flowchart of a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its working method according to the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: 1. Stop lever electromagnet; 2. Stop lever spring; 3. Stop lever; 4. Limit switch electromagnet; 5. Limit switch spring; 6. Upward limit switch; 7. Float shell; 8. Air ring; 9. Piston; 10. Downward limit switch; 11. Wave energy generator; 12. Relay; 13. Connecting hole. Detailed Implementation

[0035] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0036] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present invention or its application or use. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to limit the scope of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular form is intended to include the plural form as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. Furthermore, it should be understood that when the terms "comprising" and / or "including" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and / or combinations thereof.

[0038] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement, numerical expressions, and values ​​of the components and steps described in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. It should also be understood that, for ease of description, the dimensions of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn to actual scale. Techniques, methods, and devices known to those skilled in the art may not be discussed in detail, but where appropriate, such techniques, methods, and devices should be considered part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as merely exemplary and not as limitations. Therefore, other examples of exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters in the following figures denote similar items; therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0039] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by directional terms such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, horizontal" and "top, bottom" is generally based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise stated, these directional terms do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this invention. The directional terms "inner" and "outer" refer to the inner and outer contours relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0040] For ease of description, spatial relative terms such as "above," "over," "on the upper surface of," "above," etc., are used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature as shown in the figures to other devices or features. It should be understood that spatial relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations in use or operation besides the orientation of the device as described in the figures. For example, if the device in the figures is inverted, a device described as "above" or "above" other devices or structures would subsequently be positioned as "below" or "under" other devices or structures. Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below." The device may also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatial relative descriptions used herein will be interpreted accordingly.

[0041] Furthermore, it should be noted that the use of terms such as "first" and "second" to define components is merely for the purpose of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above terms have no special meaning and therefore should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of this invention.

[0042] like Figure 1-7As shown, this invention provides a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float, comprising: a float, a limiting system, a piston 9 system, and an electromagnet control system. The float includes an upper compartment, a load control compartment, and a lower compartment. The limiting system includes an upward limiter 6 and a downward limiter 10. The inner wall of the load control compartment has a strip-shaped groove, in which the upward limiter 6 and the downward limiter 10 are disposed. The piston 9 system includes a piston 9 and an air ring 8. The air ring 8 is disposed on the side wall of the piston 9. The piston 9 is located at the center of the load control compartment and is connected to the interior of the load control compartment via the air ring 8. The lower end of the control cabin has a connecting hole; the electromagnet control system includes a wave energy generator 11, a control module, a stop lever electromagnet 1 system, and a limit switch electromagnet 4 system. The wave energy generator 11 is electrically connected to the control module, the stop lever electromagnet 1 system, and the limit switch electromagnet 4 system. The wave energy generator 11 and the control module are located in the upper cabin. The stop lever electromagnet 1 system is located at the upper and lower ends of the upward limit switch 6 and the downward limit switch 10. The limit switch electromagnet system is located at the upper limit switch 6 and the lower limit switch 10. The back of the piston 9; the side wall of the piston 9 is provided with a double-ring groove structure, and the gas ring 8 is disposed in the double-ring groove structure; the inner surface of the upper limit switch 6 is provided with a helical tooth structure with the upper end face being horizontal, and the inner surface of the lower limit switch 10 is provided with a helical tooth structure with the lower end face being horizontal; the stop lever electromagnet 1 system includes a relay 12, a stop lever electromagnet 1, a stop lever 3 and a stop lever spring 2, the relay 12 is electrically connected to the stop lever electromagnet 1, the stop lever 3 is a quadrangular prism structure, and the end of the stop lever 3 is a helical tooth structure, and the upper and lower ends of the upper limit switch 6 and the lower limit switch 10 are provided with a helical tooth structure. The stop lever 3 is matched with a slot; the upper limit switch 6 and the lower limit switch 10 are provided with limit switch springs 5 ​​on their back sides; the limit electromagnet system includes a limit switch electromagnet 4 for the lower limit switch 10, a limit switch electromagnet 4 for the upper limit switch 6 and the relay 12, the relay 12 is electrically connected to the limit switch electromagnet 4 for the lower limit switch 10 and the limit switch electromagnet 4 for the upper limit switch 6, the limit switch electromagnet 4 for the lower limit switch 10 is located on the back side of the lower limit switch 10, and the limit switch electromagnet 4 for the upper limit switch 6 is located on the back side of the upper limit switch 6.

[0043] The present invention also provides a method for operating a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float, comprising the following steps:

[0044] Step S1: When the external wave periodically pulsates and pushes the piston 9 upward, the limiter electromagnet 4 of the downward limiter 10 and the corresponding stop electromagnet 1 are energized by the relay 12, attracting the downward limiter 10 to retract into the inner wall of the cabin. After the downward limiter 10 reaches the predetermined position, the stop electromagnet 1 is disengaged first, and the stop spring 2 uses its elasticity to press the stop 3 into the slots at both ends of the downward limiter 10, and the limiter electromagnet 4 of the downward limiter 10 is de-energized; at this time, only the two upward limiters 6 are working, and the downward limiters 10 are both retracted and locked in the inner wall groove; seawater flows through the connecting hole 13 to control the load. The cabin is connected to the external wave field. The pulsating pressure will push the piston 9 upward. The air at the top of the piston 9 can flow out from the hole at the top of the control cabin to maintain the space air pressure at about one standard atmosphere. The helical tooth structure of the upper limiter 6 can ensure the unidirectional movement of the piston 9. When the piston 9 reaches the required height, the resonant frequency of the float reaches the predetermined requirement. In order to prevent the piston 9 from falling and rising with the pulsating stroke and to ensure that the piston 9 maintains the required height for a long time, the relay 12 energizes the stop rod electromagnet 1, causing the stop rod 3 to retract. At the same time, the lower limiter 10 pops out of the inner wall under the action of the limiter spring 5 to further restrict the movement of the piston 9.

[0045] Step S2: When the external wave periodic pulsating pressure pushes the piston 9 downward, the limit electromagnet 4 of the upward upper limit device 6 and the corresponding stop electromagnet 1 are energized through the relay 12, attracting the upward upper limit device 6 to retract into the inner wall of the compartment. After the upward upper limit device 6 reaches the predetermined position, the stop electromagnet 1 is disengaged first, and the stop spring 2 uses its elastic force to press the stop 3 into the slots at both ends of the upward upper limit device 6, and the limit electromagnet 4 of the upward upper limit device 6 is de-energized; at this time, only the two downward limit devices 10 are working, and the upward upper limit devices 6 are both retracted and locked in the inner wall groove. Seawater connects the control chamber to the external wave field through the connecting hole 13. The pulsating pressure will attract the piston 9 to move downward. The helical tooth structure of the downward limiter 10 can ensure the unidirectional movement of the piston 9. When the piston 9 reaches the required height, the resonant frequency of the float reaches the predetermined requirement. In order to prevent the piston 9 from falling and rising with the pulsating stroke and to ensure that the piston 9 maintains the required height for a long time, the relay 12 energizes the stop rod electromagnet 1, causing the stop rod 3 to retract. At the same time, the upward limiter 6 pops out of the inner wall under the action of the limiter spring 5, further restricting the movement of the piston 9.

[0046] Example 1

[0047] The float is a cylindrical structure with a compartment extending upwards and downwards near the waterline as a load control compartment. The bottom of the load control compartment has a connecting hole 13 that connects to the seawater. A sealed piston 9 is installed inside the load control compartment, initially positioned at the designed waterline of the cylindrical float. The piston 9 is sealed, preventing water or air from passing through the gap between the piston 9 and the inner wall of the load control compartment. Air flows above the piston 9 through the opening at the top of the load control compartment, while the bottom of the piston 9 is close to the water surface inside the compartment. Since the outer diameter of the load control compartment is close to its internal diameter, the change in ballast water volume caused by the upward or downward movement of the piston 9 is approximately equal to the change in displacement corresponding to the alignment of the float's waterline with the piston 9. Based on the balance of buoyancy and gravity of the float, the waterline position when the float is in equilibrium is always at the position where the piston 9 is positioned. Therefore, the upper and lower limits of the load control compartment correspond to the upper and lower draft limits of the float structure, and the connecting hole at the bottom of the load control compartment is always below the water surface.

[0048] The piston 9 has a double-ring groove structure around its perimeter. The gas ring 8 is placed inside the ring groove of the piston 9. When the piston 9 moves upward, it contacts and presses against the upper limit device 6 and the outer side of the piston 9. The helical teeth of the limit device are locked with the lower end face of the piston 9 and the groove of the piston 9, which can limit the balance position of the piston 9 and fix the piston 9 in a predetermined position. The limit spring 5 and limit electromagnet 4 on the outer side of the limiter can attract and extend the limiter according to the upward and downward requirements of the piston 9. The upper and lower baffles of the limiter further restrict the extension of the limiter, ensuring that the limiter extends in the direction of the piston 9 when it moves upward or downward, and retracts into the inner wall groove in the opposite direction. The bottom of the cylindrical float control compartment is connected to the outside water area through the connecting hole 13, so that the pressure pulsation caused by the wave motion outside the float can be partially transmitted to the control compartment. The period of this pressure pulsation is the same as the period of the outside wave. When the limiter does not limit the piston 9, it can cause the piston 9 to move upward and downward in a small periodic manner. The helical teeth of the limiter ensure the unidirectional movement of the piston 9. The helical teeth are triangular prism structures. When the piston 9 moves under pressure pulsation and contacts the inclined surface of the helical teeth, it can overcome the thrust of the limiter spring 5 and push the helical teeth into the inner wall groove. The limit spring 5 pushes the limiter to lock the piston 9, realizing one movement of the piston 9. When the ballast water volume in the load control compartment needs to be adjusted, the upward or downward helical gear of the limit switch can be opened. The piston 9 is then pushed upward and downward in small, periodic motions to gradually move in the target direction. The unidirectional nature of the limit switch helical gear locks the piston 9 in the opposite direction of the target stroke, causing the piston 9 to move unidirectionally along the target direction of draft adjustment until it reaches the position set by the limit switch. The slow upward or downward movement of the piston 9 changes the ballast water level in the load control compartment, thereby altering the overall mass, moment of inertia, center of gravity, and displacement volume of the float, adjusting the natural frequency of the float structure. The position set by relay 12 keeps the natural frequency of the cylindrical float far removed from the wave center frequency of the sea area (for offshore platforms, buoys, etc.), or... The wave center frequency is close to that of the sea area (wave energy power generation device 11), thereby reducing the motion response of the floating body in the main degrees of freedom (offshore platforms, buoys, etc.) or increasing the motion response of the floating body in the main degrees of freedom (wave energy power generation device, etc.); the piston 9 has a ring groove structure with oblique cuts on both sides of the air ring 8. After being squeezed by the piston 9 and the inner wall, the deformation of the air ring 8 allows it to press against the inner wall, improving the sealing performance of the piston 9. The oblique cut can improve the extensibility of the air ring 8 and improve the durability of the piston 9; the stop bar 3 structure limits the pop-out and retraction of the limiter. The limiter only needs to be switched when the piston 9 changes the up and down direction. The limiter electromagnet 4 does not need to be kept energized at all times, which greatly reduces the energy consumption of frequency conversion.

[0049] Example 2

[0050] like Figure 1-7As shown, a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float and its operating method are disclosed. The overall structure of the float consists of multiple compartments. The load control frequency converter module of this invention is concentrated in the load control compartment. This compartment mainly consists of a stop rod system composed of a stop rod electromagnet 1, a stop rod spring 2, and a stop rod 3; a limiter system composed of a limiter electromagnet 4, a limiter spring 5, an upward limiter 6, and a downward limiter 10; a piston system composed of a piston 9 and a gas ring 8; and a control module relay system composed of a relay spring, a relay electromagnet, and relay contacts is located in the lower compartment. The power supply module wave energy generator is located in the upper compartment.

[0051] The cylindrical piston 9 in the control module has double-ring grooves around its circumference, and four square holes are drilled at the contact points between the piston 9 and the inclined teeth of the upper limiter 6 and the lower limiter 10. Both gas rings 8 are annular structures with oblique cuts. The gas rings 8 are placed in the annular grooves of the piston 9, with the cuts of the two gas rings 8 at 180° angles, and the square holes of the piston aligned with the inclined teeth of the limiters. Four connecting holes 13 are provided on the inner wall of the control compartment to communicate with the outside, and these connecting holes are arranged in a 90° circular array.

[0052] In the load control module, the limiter system contains two upward limiters 6 and two downward limiters 10 arranged in a circumferential array at even intervals. The upward limiter 6 consists of seven downward-sloping teeth and two limiting cubes at the beginning and end; the downward limiter 10 consists of seven upward-sloping teeth and two limiting cubes at the beginning and end. Both the upward and downward limiters 6 and 10 are placed within strip-shaped grooves on the inner wall of the load control compartment. Limiter springs 5 ​​are located within these grooves. Each limiter system has two limiter springs 5, for a total of eight limiter springs 5. Limiter electromagnets 4 are placed within the inner wall of the load control compartment, at the same horizontal level as the inner limiter springs 5; there are also eight limiter electromagnets 4 in total.

[0053] In the load control module, the stop bar system includes a stop bar 3 located directly above or below the upward limit switch 6 and the downward limit switch 10. The stop bar 3 is a quadrangular prism structure with oblique teeth cut at the end. Behind the stop bar 3 are the stop bar spring 2 and the stop bar electromagnet 1. The stop bar 3, the stop bar spring 2, and the stop bar electromagnet 1 are all placed in a groove in the inner wall of the partition between the load control compartment and the upper compartment. The two limit switch electromagnets 4 on the outer side of the upward limit switch 6 and the upper and lower end stop bar electromagnets 1 are connected in parallel in the same relay 12 device to control the switch electromagnet 4 to ensure that the upward limit switch 6 and the stop bar 3 are attracted simultaneously. The other downward limit switch 10, the two limit switch electromagnets 4 on the outer side of the upward limit switch 6, and the upper and lower end stop bar electromagnets 1 are placed in the same way.

[0054] The control module consists of four relay systems 12. All four relay systems 12 are fixed to the upper panel of the lower compartment and are arranged in a circumferential array at 90° intervals. The relays 12 are divided into an internal working area and an external working area. The internal working area consists of a relay spring, a relay electromagnet, and relay contacts. The external working area controls the limit electromagnet 4 of the upper limit switch 6, the limit electromagnet 4 of the lower limit switch 10, the upper and lower stop rod electromagnets 1 of the upper limit switch 6, and the upper and lower stop rod electromagnets 1 of the lower limit switch 10.

[0055] The power supply module is located in the upper compartment and connected to four relays 12 in the lower compartment; the outer shell structure 7 of the float is made of composite material; the stop bar 3, the upward limit switch 6, the downward limit switch 10, the air ring 8, the piston 9, and the downward limit switch 10 are all made of corrosion-resistant alloy material; the stop bar spring 2, the limit switch spring 5, and the relay spring are all made of spring steel; the baffle electromagnet 1, the limit switch electromagnet 4, and the relay electromagnet 13 use copper coils and composite materials; to ensure that the device has a good response in the actual marine environment, the dimensions, shape, and center of gravity of the float structure should be rationally designed. The change in the natural frequency of the float structure in this invention should be pre-calibrated during the design phase.

[0056] The principle of load-controlled frequency modulation of this invention is as follows:

[0057] like Figure 3 As shown, this invention is based on the theories of buoyancy statics and hydrodynamics. When the limiter opens in one direction, the periodic pulsating pressure caused by the waves automatically pushes the piston to move unidirectionally in the target direction. After reaching a certain distance, the piston is stopped by the limiter during the return stroke, thus changing the waterline and creating a new buoyancy balance at the piston's position. The piston continues to move in the target direction during subsequent wave strokes. Seawater enters and exits through the connecting hole 13 of the control compartment of the floating structure, gradually changing the mass, moment of inertia, center of gravity, and displacement volume of the cylindrical floating body. This causes changes in the natural frequencies of the floating structure's main degrees of freedom, ensuring that the natural frequencies are far from or close to the wave center frequency. This reduces the floating body's motion response in its main degrees of freedom (for offshore platforms, buoys, etc.) or increases it (for wave energy generation devices, etc.).

[0058] When the periodic pulsating pressure of external waves pushes the piston upward, the electromagnet 4 of the downward limiter 10 and the corresponding stop electromagnet 1 are energized through the relay 12, attracting the downward limiter 10 to retract into the inner wall of the compartment. After the downward limiter 10 reaches the predetermined position, the stop electromagnet 1 is disengaged first, and the stop spring 2 uses its elastic force to press the stop 3 into the square holes at both ends of the downward limiter 10, and the limiter electromagnet 4 is de-energized. At this time, only the two upward limiters 6 are working, and the downward limiters 10 are both retracted and locked in the inner wall groove. Seawater connects the control chamber to the external wave field through the connecting hole 13. The pulsating pressure will push the piston 9 upward. The air at the top of the piston can flow out from the hole at the top of the control chamber, maintaining the air pressure in the space at about one standard atmosphere. The helical tooth structure of the upper limit device 6 can ensure the unidirectional movement of the piston 9. When the piston 9 reaches the required height, the resonant frequency of the floating body structure reaches the predetermined requirement. In order to prevent the piston 9 from falling and rising with the pulsating stroke and to ensure that the piston 9 maintains the required height for a long time, the relay 12 energizes the stop rod electromagnet 1, causing the stop rod 3 to retract. At the same time, the lower limit device 10 pops out of the inner wall under the action of the limit device spring 5, further restricting the movement of the piston 9.

[0059] When the periodic pulsating pressure of external waves pushes the piston downward, the upper limit switch 6 electromagnet 4 and the corresponding stop lever electromagnet 1 are energized via relay 12, attracting the upper limit switch 6 and retracting it into the inner wall of the compartment. After the upper limit switch 6 reaches the predetermined position, the stop lever electromagnet 1 is disengaged first, and the stop lever spring 2 uses its elastic force to press the stop lever 3 into the square holes at both ends of the upper limit switch 6, de-energizing the limit switch electromagnet 4. At this time, only the two lower limit switches 10 are working, and the upper limit switch 6 is retracted and locked in the inner wall groove. Seawater connects the control compartment to the external wave field through the connecting hole 13. The pulsating pressure will attract the piston 9 to move downward. The helical tooth structure of the downward limiter 10 can ensure the unidirectional movement of the piston 9. When the piston 9 reaches the required height, the resonant frequency of the floating body structure reaches the predetermined requirement. In order to prevent the piston 9 from falling and rising with the pulsating stroke and to ensure that the piston 9 maintains the required height for a long time, the relay 12 energizes the stop rod electromagnet 1, causing the stop rod 3 to retract. At the same time, the upward limiter 6 is ejected from the inner wall under the action of the limiter spring 5, further restricting the movement of the piston 9.

[0060] like Figure 7 As shown, the wave energy generator 11 supplies power to all electrical equipment. The sensor installed on the outer shell of the floating body 7 detects the current attitude of the equipment and transmits the signal to the 51 microcontroller. The 51 microcontroller controls the electromagnets mentioned above by controlling the relay 12.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein. Such modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float, characterized in that, include: The system comprises a float, a limiting system, a piston system, and an electromagnet control system. The float includes an upper compartment, a load control compartment, and a lower compartment. The limiting system includes an upward limiter and a downward limiter. The inner wall of the load control compartment has a strip-shaped groove, in which the upward and downward limiters are disposed. The piston system includes a piston and a gas ring, with the gas ring disposed on the side wall of the piston. The piston is located at the center of the load control compartment and contacts the inner wall of the load control compartment through the gas ring. The lower end of the load control compartment has a connecting hole. The electromagnet control system includes a wave energy generator, a control module, a stop lever electromagnet system, and a limiter electromagnet system. The wave energy generator is electrically connected to the control module, the stop lever electromagnet system, and the limiter electromagnet system. The wave energy generator and the control module are disposed in the upper compartment, and the stop lever electromagnet system is disposed in the upper compartment. The upper and lower ends of the upper limiter and the lower limiter are provided with a limiting electromagnet system located on the back of the upper limiter and the lower limiter; the piston sidewall is provided with a gas ring located within the double-ring groove structure; the inner surface of the upper limiter is provided with a helical tooth structure with a horizontal upper end face, and the inner surface of the lower limiter is provided with a helical tooth structure with a horizontal lower end face; the stop lever electromagnet system includes a relay, a stop lever electromagnet, a stop lever, and a stop lever spring, the relay is electrically connected to the stop lever electromagnet, the stop lever is a quadrangular prism structure, the end of the stop lever is a helical tooth structure, and the upper and lower ends of the upper limiter and the lower limiter are provided with slots that match the stop lever; the limiting electromagnet system includes a limiter electromagnet and the relay, the relay is electrically connected to the limiter electromagnet, and the limiter electromagnet is located on the back of the lower limiter and the upper limiter.

2. The semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper limit switch and the lower limit switch are provided with limit springs on their back sides.

3. A method for operating a semi-automatic load control frequency converter for a cylindrical float as described in claim 2, characterized in that, Including the following steps: Step S1: When the external wave periodic pulsation pressure pushes the piston upward, the limit electromagnet of the downward limiter and the corresponding stop electromagnet are energized by the relay, attracting the downward limiter to retract into the inner wall of the cabin. After the downward limiter reaches the predetermined position, the stop electromagnet first disengages, and the stop spring uses its elastic force to press the stop into the slots at both ends of the downward limiter, de-energizing the limit electromagnet of the downward limiter; at this time, only the two upward limiters are working, and the downward limiters are both retracted and locked in the inner wall groove; seawater connects the control cabin with the external wave field through the connecting hole. When connected, the pulsating pressure will push the piston upward. Air at the top of the piston can flow out from the hole at the top of the control compartment, maintaining the air pressure in the space at approximately one standard atmosphere. The helical tooth structure of the upward limiter ensures the unidirectional movement of the piston. When the piston reaches the required height, the resonant frequency of the float reaches the predetermined requirement. To prevent the piston from descending and rising with the pulsating stroke and to ensure that the piston maintains the required height for a long time, the relay energizes the stop rod electromagnet, causing the stop rod to retract. At the same time, the downward limiter pops out of the inner wall under the action of the limiter spring, further restricting the movement of the piston. Step S2: When the external wave periodic pulsating pressure pushes the piston downward, the limit electromagnet of the upward upper limit device and the corresponding stop electromagnet are energized through the relay, attracting the upward upper limit device to retract into the inner wall of the compartment. After the upward upper limit device reaches the predetermined position, the stop electromagnet is disengaged first, and the stop spring uses its elastic force to press the stop into the slots at both ends of the upward upper limit device, and the limit electromagnet of the upward upper limit device is de-energized; at this time, only the two downward limit devices are working, and both upward upper limit devices are retracted and locked in the inner wall groove. Seawater connects the control chamber to the external wave field through the connecting hole. The pulsating pressure will attract the piston to move downward. The helical tooth structure of the downward limiter can ensure the unidirectional movement of the piston. When the piston reaches the required height, the resonant frequency of the float reaches the predetermined requirement. In order to prevent the piston from falling and rising with the pulsating stroke and to ensure that the piston maintains the required height for a long time, the relay energizes the stop rod electromagnet to retract the stop rod. At the same time, the upward limiter pops out of the inner wall under the action of the limiter spring to further restrict the movement of the piston.

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