Safety protection device and method for elevator load test

Abstract

The application discloses an elevator load test safety protection device and method. A fixed plate is fixed on a guide rail of an elevator, a clamp body is fixed on the fixed plate, an end of a pressing block shaft is inserted into a guide groove on the fixed plate after penetrating through the pressing block and one end of a connecting rod, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of the clamp body, the other end of the clamp body is slidably connected with a sliding block and a pressing device for applying pre-tightening force to the sliding block, a speed limiter steel wire rope of the elevator is located between the sliding block and the pressing block, a lock hook is hinged to the fixed plate through a lock hook rotating shaft, a torsional spring is arranged between the lock hook rotating shaft and the lock hook, the pressing block shaft is hooked by the lock hook, a jacking support is connected with an output shaft of a linear motor, the jacking support is located below the pressing block shaft, a controller is connected with the linear motor, and the lock hook and the jacking support are connected through a connecting rope. The device and the method can perform low-speed sliding protection when the traction capacity decreases and the braking force is insufficient during the load test, and the safety is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of elevator safety technology and relates to an elevator load test safety protection device and method. Background Technology

[0002] Elevators, as vertical lifting machines used for transporting people and goods in multi-story buildings, have undergone over a century of development since their invention in the mid-19th century. Their safety protection measures have been continuously innovated and improved. However, in my country, there is no mandatory retirement age for elevators, resulting in a large number of old elevators in society. These elevators, through years of use and maintenance, may develop potential safety hazards, particularly manifested in issues such as non-compliant balance coefficients, insufficient traction braking capacity, and reduced traction force. These conditions can all lead to accidents where the elevator car cannot be reliably stopped. Therefore, to conduct necessary inspections and safety risk analyses of elevator systems, current regulations require that passenger elevators in use undergo a braking test at 1.25 times their rated load every 5 years. The main purpose of this test is to verify the load-bearing capacity and safety of the elevator traction system. However, recent load tests have revealed that many elevators exhibit uncontrolled car descent under emergency braking. The main cause is often a decrease in traction capacity and insufficient braking force, resulting in the car's inability to brake reliably.

[0003] If an elevator experiences an overspeed descent fault, it will trigger the speed governor safety clamp linkage protection device to reliably stop the car. However, during the load test, if the traction capacity decreases and the braking force is insufficient after the brake is applied, the elevator will usually glide at low speed and will not reach the overspeed protection state. The elevator car will then be unable to stop reliably. If the glide distance is too large, the car may bottom out and the counterweight may overshoot, causing damage to elevator components.

[0004] In addition, during the load test, the test personnel will perform load loading and unloading operations, which will involve frequent entry and exit from the door area. If the car slides a long distance due to insufficient braking force, it may cause shearing injuries to personnel. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an elevator load test safety protection device and method. This device and method can provide low-speed slip protection when the traction capacity decreases and the braking force is insufficient during the load test, thus providing high safety.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the elevator load test safety protection device of the present invention includes a fixing plate, a clamp body, a pressure block, a connecting rod, a locking hook, a locking hook shaft, a top support, a linear motor, and a controller;

[0007] The fixed plate is fixed to the elevator guide rail, the clamp body is fixed to the fixed plate, the end of the pressure block shaft passes through the pressure block and one end of the connecting rod and is inserted into the guide groove on the fixed plate, the other end of the connecting rod is hinged to one end of the clamp body, the other end of the clamp body is slidably connected to the slider and the clamping device for applying preload to the slider, the elevator speed governor wire rope is located between the slider and the pressure block, and the guide groove is an arc-shaped structure inclined towards the speed governor wire rope;

[0008] The locking hook is hinged to the fixed plate via a locking hook pivot. A torsion spring is provided between the locking hook pivot and the locking hook. The locking hook hooks the pressure block shaft. The top support is connected to the output shaft of the linear motor and is located below the pressure block shaft. The controller is connected to the linear motor. The locking hook and the top support are connected by a connecting rope.

[0009] The clamping device includes a buckle, an end plate, a buffer spring, a screw, and a buffer spring;

[0010] The ends of the clamp body and the buckle are connected to the end plate respectively. The buffer spring is located between the clamp body and the buckle. One end of the screw is fitted with an adjusting nut. The other end of the screw passes through the end plate and the buffer spring and is connected to the middle of the slider. The bottom of the buckle is provided with a first sliding groove, and the top of the clamp body is provided with a second sliding groove. The upper end of the slider is inserted into the first sliding groove, and the lower end of the slider is inserted into the second sliding groove.

[0011] The fixed plate is equipped with a stop bar for limiting the locking hook.

[0012] The linear motor is fixed to the mounting plate by bolts.

[0013] The fixing plate is fixed to the guide rail by the pressure plate.

[0014] The fixed plate is provided with a guide rope sleeve and a guide rope seat for guiding the speed limiter wire rope. The guide rope seat is fixed to the fixed plate, and the guide rope sleeve is disposed on the guide rope seat. The speed limiter wire rope passes through the guide rope sleeve.

[0015] An anti-rotation structure is provided between the guide rope sleeve and the guide rope seat.

[0016] The connecting rod is hinged to the clamp body via a connecting rod pivot.

[0017] The elevator load test safety protection method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0018] The linear motor keeps the connecting rope taut. When the controller receives a stop command, if the elevator slips at low speed, the controller controls the linear motor to retract downwards. The locking hook rotates around the locking hook shaft under the drive of the linear motor and the connecting rope, causing the pressure block shaft to disengage. Under the action of gravity, the pressure block shaft falls and slides along the guide groove. Since the guide groove is an arc-shaped structure inclined towards the speed governor wire rope, the pressure block gradually contacts the speed governor wire rope during its descent. After contact, it continues to descend under the action of friction, pressing the speed governor wire rope into contact with the slider. Under the combined action of the slider and the pressure block, the speed governor wire rope is clamped, and the elevator continues to descend. The speed governor wire rope will then pull the safety gear to stop the car.

[0019] Once the safety risk of stopping the car is eliminated, the controller controls the linear motor to extend upwards, driving the top support to push the pressure block shaft upwards, and the pressure block resets upwards. At the same time, the connecting rope loosens, and the locking hook rotates around the locking hook shaft to reset under the elastic force of the torsion spring, engaging with the pressure block shaft and completing the locking state. Finally, the controller controls the linear motor to retract to the original position, maintaining the tension of the connecting rope.

[0020] The present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0021] The elevator load test safety protection device and method described in this invention, when the elevator experiences low-speed slippage, the controller controls the linear motor to retract. The locking hook rotates around its shaft under the drive of the linear motor and connecting rope, causing the pressure block shaft to disengage. Under gravity, the pressure block shaft falls and slides along the guide groove. During its descent, the pressure block contacts the governor's wire rope. Finally, under the combined action of the slider and the pressure block, the governor's wire rope is clamped, and the elevator continues to descend. The governor's wire rope then pulls the safety clamp to stop the car. This effectively solves the problem of unreliable low-speed slippage braking during the 1.25 times rated load test of the elevator, achieving low-speed slippage protection when traction capacity decreases and braking force is insufficient during the load test, resulting in high safety. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 2 Installation diagram of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 3 The operational state diagram of the present invention.

[0025] Among them, 1 is the pressure block, 2 is the pressure block shaft, 3 is the stop lever, 4 is the lock hook shaft, 5 is the torsion spring, 6 is the lock hook, 7 is the connecting rod, 8 is the connecting rod shaft, 9 is the clamp body, 10 is the end plate, 11 is the screw, 12 is the adjusting nut, 13 is the buffer spring, 14 is the buckle, 15 is the slider, 16 is the guide rope seat, 17 is the guide rope sleeve, 18 is the connecting rope, 19 is the top support, 20 is the linear motor, 21 is the speed limiter wire rope, 22 is the fixing plate, 23 is the guide rail, and 2201 is the guide groove. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are merely some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Furthermore, in the following description, descriptions of well-known structures and technologies are omitted to avoid unnecessary confusion regarding the concepts disclosed in the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] The accompanying drawings show structural schematic diagrams according to embodiments disclosed in this invention. These drawings are not drawn to scale, and some details have been enlarged for clarity, and some details may have been omitted. The shapes of the various regions and layers shown in the drawings, as well as their relative sizes and positional relationships, are merely exemplary and may deviate from reality due to manufacturing tolerances or technical limitations. Furthermore, those skilled in the art can design regions / layers with different shapes, sizes, and relative positions as needed.

[0028] Example 1

[0029] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The elevator load test safety protection device of the present invention includes a controller, a fixing plate 22, a slider 15, a buffer spring 13, a pressure block 1, a linear motor 20, a clamp 9, a buckle 14, and a locking hook 6 and a top support 19 for limiting the pressure block 1.

[0030] The pressure block 1 is hinged to one end of the connecting rod 7 via the pressure block shaft 2. The other end of the connecting rod 7 is hinged to one end of the clamp body 9 via the connecting rod shaft 8. The other end of the clamp body 9 and the end of the buckle 14 are respectively connected to the end plate 10. The buffer spring 13 is located between the clamp body 9 and the buckle 14. One end of the screw 11 is fitted with an adjusting nut 12. The other end of the screw 11 passes through the end plate 10 and the buffer spring 13 and is connected to the middle of the slider 15. The bottom of the buckle 14 is provided with a first sliding groove, and the top of the clamp body 9 is provided with a second sliding groove. The upper end of the slider 15 is inserted into the first sliding groove, and the lower end of the slider 15 is inserted into the second sliding groove. The buckle 14 can slide left and right in the first and second sliding grooves. The tension of the buffer spring 13 is adjusted by adjusting the adjusting nut 12 to reduce the braking deceleration of the speed limiter wire rope 21.

[0031] The clamp body 9 is fixed on the fixed plate 22, the guide rope sleeve 17 is installed on the guide rope seat 16, the guide rope seat 16 is fixed on the fixed plate 22, the end of the pressure block shaft 2 passes through the pressure block 1 and the connecting rod 7 and is inserted into the guide groove 2201 on the fixed plate 22, the pressure block shaft 2 can slide along the guide groove 2201, and the locking hook 6 is hinged to the fixed plate 22 through the locking hook shaft 4.

[0032] The locking hook 6 is connected to the top support 19 by a connecting rope 18. A torsion spring 5 is provided between the locking hook shaft 4 and the locking hook 6. A stop bar 3 is provided on the fixing plate 22 to limit the locking hook 6. The locking hook 6 is pre-tightened by the torsion spring 5, hooks the pressure block shaft 2, and is stopped by the stop bar 3. The top support 19 is connected to the output shaft of the linear motor 20. The linear motor 20 is fixed to the fixing plate 22 by bolts. The fixing plate 22 is fixed to the guide rail 23 by a pressure plate. The controller is connected to the linear motor 20 and is used for the stroke control of the linear motor 20 to control the triggering and resetting of the protection device.

[0033] The speed limiter wire rope 21 passes through the guide rope sleeve 17, which positions and guides the speed limiter wire rope 21. The speed limiter wire rope 21 is located between the slider 15 and the pressure block 1. An anti-rotation structure is connected between the guide rope sleeve 17 and the guide rope seat 16.

[0034] Example 2

[0035] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 The elevator load test safety protection method of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0036] During the load test of the elevator, this device is pre-installed on the upper part of the guide rail 23. The controller is connected to the linear motor 20. In the initial state, the linear motor 20 keeps the connecting rope 18 taut. The test issues a stop command and simultaneously starts the controller. If the elevator slips at low speed at this time, the controller controls the linear motor 20 to retract downwards. The locking hook 6 rotates around the locking hook shaft 4 under the drive of the linear motor 20 and the connecting rope 18, causing the pressure block shaft 2 to disengage. The pressure block 1 falls under the action of gravity and along the guide rail. As the guide groove 2201 slides, the connecting rod 7 rotates around the connecting rod shaft 8. Since the guide groove 2201 is an arc-shaped structure inclined towards the speed governor wire rope 21, the pressure block 1 gradually contacts the speed governor wire rope 21 during the descent. After contact, it continues to descend under the action of friction, pressing the speed governor wire rope 21 into contact with the slider 15. Under the combined action of the slider 15 and the pressure block 1, the speed governor wire rope 21 is clamped, the elevator continues to descend, and the speed governor wire rope 21 will pull the safety clamp to stop the car.

[0037] Once the safety risk of stopping the car has been eliminated, the controller sends a signal and controls the linear motor 20 to extend upwards, driving the top support 19 to push the pressure block shaft 2 upwards, causing the pressure block 1 to reset upwards. Simultaneously, the connecting rope 18 slackens, and the locking hook 6, under the elastic force of the torsion spring 5, rotates around the locking hook shaft 4 to reset, engaging with the pressure block shaft 2 and completing the locking state. At this point, the controller controls the linear motor 20 to retract to its original position, maintaining the tension of the connecting rope 18.

[0038] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An elevator load test safety protection method, characterized by, Based on the elevator load test safety protection device, the elevator load test safety protection device includes a fixed plate (22), a clamp (9), a pressure block (1), a connecting rod (7), a locking hook (6), a locking hook shaft (4), a top support (19), a linear motor (20), and a controller; The fixed plate (22) is fixed on the elevator guide rail (23), the clamp body (9) is fixed on the fixed plate (22), the end of the pressure block shaft (2) passes through the pressure block (1) and one end of the connecting rod (7) and is inserted into the guide groove (2201) on the fixed plate (22), the other end of the connecting rod (7) is hinged to one end of the clamp body (9), the other end of the clamp body (9) is slidably connected to the slider (15) and the clamping device for applying preload to the slider (15), the elevator speed limiter wire rope (21) is located between the slider (15) and the pressure block (1), and the guide groove (2201) is an arc-shaped structure inclined towards the speed limiter wire rope (21); The locking hook (6) is hinged to the fixing plate (22) via the locking hook pivot (4). A torsion spring (5) is provided between the locking hook pivot (4) and the locking hook (6). The locking hook (6) hooks the pressure block shaft (2). The top support (19) is connected to the output shaft of the linear motor (20). The top support (19) is located below the pressure block shaft (2). The controller is connected to the linear motor (20). The locking hook (6) and the top support (19) are connected by a connecting rope (18). The following steps are included: The linear motor (20) keeps the connecting rope (18) taut. When the controller receives the stop command, if the elevator slips at low speed, the controller controls the linear motor (20) to retract downwards. The locking hook (6) rotates around the locking hook shaft (4) under the drive of the linear motor (20) and the connecting rope (18), causing the pressure block shaft (2) to disengage. The pressure block (1) drives the pressure block shaft (2) to fall under the action of gravity and slide along the guide groove (2201). Due to the guide groove (2201) 201) is an arc-shaped structure that is inclined towards the speed limiter wire rope (21). Therefore, the pressure block (1) gradually comes into contact with the speed limiter wire rope (21) during the falling process. After contact, it continues to descend under the action of friction, pressing the speed limiter wire rope (21) to contact the slider (15). Under the combined action of the slider (15) and the pressure block (1), the speed limiter wire rope (21) is clamped, the elevator continues to descend, and the speed limiter wire rope (21) will pull the safety clamp to stop the car.

2. The elevator load test safety protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The clamping device includes a buckle (14), an end plate (10), a buffer spring (13), a screw (11), and a buffer spring (13). The ends of the clamp body (9) and the buckle (14) are connected to the end plate (10) respectively. The buffer spring (13) is located between the clamp body (9) and the buckle (14). One end of the screw (11) is fitted with an adjusting nut (12). The other end of the screw (11) passes through the end plate (10) and the buffer spring (13) and is connected to the middle of the slider (15). The bottom of the buckle (14) is provided with a first sliding groove, and the top of the clamp body (9) is provided with a second sliding groove. The upper end of the slider (15) is inserted into the first sliding groove, and the lower end of the slider (15) is inserted into the second sliding groove.

3. The elevator load test safety protection method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fixed plate (22) is provided with a stop bar (3) for limiting the locking hook (6).

4. The elevator load test safety protection method of claim 1, wherein, The linear motor (20) is fixed to the mounting plate (22) by bolts.

5. The elevator load test safety protection method of claim 1, wherein, The fixing plate (22) is fixed to the guide rail (23) by the pressure plate.

6. The elevator load test safety protection method of claim 1, wherein, The fixed plate (22) is provided with a guide rope sleeve (17) and a guide rope seat (16) for guiding the speed limiter wire rope (21). The guide rope seat (16) is fixed on the fixed plate (22), and the guide rope sleeve (17) is provided on the guide rope seat (16). The speed limiter wire rope (21) passes through the guide rope sleeve (17).

7. The elevator load test safety protection method according to claim 6, characterized in that, An anti-rotation structure is provided between the guide rope sleeve (17) and the guide rope seat (16).

8. The elevator load test safety protection method of claim 1, wherein, The connecting rod (7) is hinged to the clamp body (9) via the connecting rod pivot (8).

9. The elevator load test safety protection method of claim 1, wherein, Once the safety risk of stopping the car is eliminated, the controller controls the linear motor (20) to extend upward, driving the top support (19) to push the pressure block shaft (2) upward, and the linkage pressure block (1) to reset upward; at the same time, the connecting rope (18) loosens, and the locking hook (6) rotates around the locking hook shaft (4) under the elastic force of the torsion spring (5) to reset, and connects with the pressure block shaft (2) to complete the locking state. Finally, the controller controls the linear motor (20) to retract to the original position, maintaining the tension of the connecting rope (18).

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