A slotted three-dimensional fabric with diagonal yarns and a weaving method thereof
By introducing a reinforced, grooved, three-dimensional integral fabric with oblique yarns into the aircraft aileron structure, the problem of insufficient performance of existing woven composite materials under torsional and shear loads is solved, achieving high strength and lightweight structure.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TIANJIN POLYTECHNIC UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2023-04-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-05-12
AI Technical Summary
Existing woven composite aircraft aileron structures have poor performance under torsional and shear loads, and adding beam structures can lead to stress concentration and increased weight, affecting structural strength and fatigue reliability.
The structure employs a reinforced trough-shaped three-dimensional integral fabric with oblique yarns. By introducing splicing warp yarns, interlining warp yarns, weft yarns, and multiple sets of oblique yarns into the horizontal, vertical, and bottom fabric areas, and utilizing a reserved yarn process, the oblique yarns are continuously woven in the three-dimensional fabric, enhancing in-plane performance.
It improves the torsional and shear strength of the aircraft aileron structure while maintaining tensile and bending strength, reduces the number of parts, lowers assembly costs, and enhances structural integrity and damage tolerance.
Smart Images
Figure CN116288877B_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention belongs to the field of integral molding and preparation technology of irregular shaped three-dimensional fabrics, and specifically relates to a reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric with oblique yarns and its weaving method. Background Technology
[0002] Composite materials are the most important aerospace materials besides aluminum. Due to their lightweight advantage, composite materials have accounted for more than 15% of the structural weight of civil aircraft and more than 50% of the structural weight of helicopters and fighter jets in the past few decades. Currently, there are two main types of composite materials used in the aerospace field: laminated composite materials and woven composite materials. With the increasing application level of composite materials and the ever-increasing requirements of aircraft design, woven composite materials are gradually becoming the preferred material in the aerospace field, for example, in aircraft fan blades and aileron structures.
[0003] In aircraft aileron structures, the joint areas bear not only tensile and bending loads but also significant torsional and shear loads. In existing woven composite aircraft aileron structures, the prefabricated woven components only contain warp and weft yarns and bonding yarns, resulting in poor torsional and shear load-bearing capacity. To address this issue, a common approach is to add beams to the structure using bolts. However, this approach leads to two problems: first, the need to drill holes near the bolts causes stress concentration, reducing the structure's tensile strength; second, the addition of beams increases the overall weight of the wing structure, reducing fatigue reliability. Therefore, improving torsional and shear strength while maintaining tensile and bending strength from the perspective of wing prefabricated components has become a key research focus for composite material structural engineers and aircraft designers.
[0004] like Figure 1 As shown, the existing aircraft aileron structure can be considered as a parallel splice of multiple stiffened grooved structures. Therefore, researching parallel I-shaped woven prefabricated structures with high torsional and shear strength and their weaving methods has significant engineering practical value. Existing three-dimensional woven prefabricated structures contain two yarn systems: a bonding warp system and a weft system. The bonding warp system, arranged along the fabric forming direction, bends through several weft layers and binds the straightened weft yarns together to form a unified, non-layered three-dimensional structure. In a typical three-dimensional woven prefabricated structure, a straightened lining warp system can be introduced to form a prefabricated structure containing three yarn systems, which can significantly enhance the warp properties of the material. However, in traditional three-dimensional woven composite materials, the in-plane yarns are distributed along the length and width directions, resulting in significant anisotropy in material properties—high performance along the two principal directions and low in-plane shear properties.
[0005] In the paper "Experimental and numerical study of in-plane shear properties and failure process of multiaxial 3D angle-interlock woven composites," researchers compared the in-plane shear properties of multilayer multi-directional woven composites (MAWC) with oblique yarns and multilayer three-dimensional woven composites (3DAWC). The results showed that MAWC, due to the presence of fibers oriented at ±45°, exhibited quasi-isotropy in the in-plane, with a significant peak value, a maximum load capacity of 9.6 kN, and a failure displacement of 1.4 mm. 3DAWC, on the other hand, had a failure displacement of 1.2 mm and a maximum load capacity of only 3.8 kN, significantly lower than MAWC. In other words, the shear strength and in-plane shear modulus of MAWC were 2.4 times and 3 times that of 3DAWC, respectively. Compared to 3DAWC, the yarns in the ±45° direction reinforced MAWC, thereby improving the material's resistance to in-plane shear deformation and resulting in greater in-plane shear strength.
[0006] In the paper "Multiaxis 3D Woven Preform and Properties of Multiaxis 3D Woven and 3D Orthogonal Woven Carbon / Epoxy Composites," researchers conducted in-plane shear tests on MAWC and 3DAWC. The results showed that the in-plane shear strength and elastic modulus of MAWC and 3DAWC were 137.7 MPa and 110.9 MPa, and 12.1 GPa and 4.5 GPa, respectively. Due to the addition of twill yarns to the surface of MAWC, the in-plane shear strength and in-plane shear modulus of MAWC were increased by nearly 25% and 170%, respectively, compared to 3DAWC. These experimental results demonstrate that twill yarns have a significant enhancing effect on the in-plane properties of woven structures. Therefore, the newly developed MAWC shows greater promise compared to traditional 3DAWC.
[0007] The invention patent application with application number CN201710043152.3 and publication number CN106939462A, entitled "A Weaving Method for Multi-Layer Multi-directional Fabrics," discloses a weaving method for the aforementioned multi-layer multi-directional fabrics, comprising the following steps: (i) arranging the main yarns; (ii) arranging the oblique yarns and selvage yarns; (iii) moving the oblique yarns; (iv) introducing the normal yarns; (v) introducing the weft yarns; (vi) pressing the yarns; and (vii) repeating steps (iii) to (vi) to obtain the target length of the fabric, thereby obtaining a multi-layer multi-directional fabric. Multi-layer multi-directional fabrics are a new type of three-dimensional fabric that has developed rapidly in recent years. They feature customizable in-plane fiber orientation, continuous interlayer fiber penetration, and an integral fabric structure, making them an ideal reinforcing structural phase for resin-based, ceramic-based, and carbon-based composite materials. Although the weaving method of this invention can weave multi-layer multi-directional fabrics containing oblique yarns, this method cannot be used for weaving irregularly shaped three-dimensional fabrics such as reinforced grooves.
[0008] The reasons are as follows:
[0009] (1) This invention can only use two oblique yarn edge strips, distributed on the left and right sides of the fabric, respectively for the edge yarn arrangement of +θ oblique yarn and -θ oblique yarn, which cannot meet the weaving of reinforced groove prefabricated fabric containing multiple sets of oblique yarns and multiple fabric areas.
[0010] (2) During the yaw yarn weaving process, the ±θ yaw yarn moves left and right along the row direction. Correspondingly, the left and right side strips need to move up and down along the column direction, which makes the yaw yarn only move in one direction in a single plane. This limits the movement trajectory of the yarn and restricts the continuous weaving of the yarn in different directions of the fabric area. It is only suitable for the weaving of flat fabrics and cannot be used for the weaving of three-dimensional fabrics.
[0011] (3) In this method, the left and right side strips need to move simultaneously along the column direction, and the number of moving spindle positions is determined by the number of interval layers between the same group of +θ oblique yarn layers and -θ oblique yarn layers. It requires that the number of interval layers between each two groups of +θ oblique yarn layers and -θ oblique yarn layers must be the same, which limits the designability of multi-layer multi-directional fabric layup structure and cannot meet the requirements of in-plane shear resistance of reinforced grooved fabric prefabricated composite materials. Summary of the Invention
[0012] This invention provides a reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric with oblique yarn and its weaving method to solve the technical problems existing in the prior art. The fabric structure can effectively improve torsional and shear strength while maintaining tensile and bending strength.
[0013] This invention includes the following technical solutions:
[0014] A reinforced, grooved, three-dimensional integral fabric with oblique yarns includes three parts: a horizontal board fabric area 1, a vertical board fabric area 2, and a bottom board fabric area 3. The horizontal board fabric area 1 is divided into an upper horizontal board fabric area 11 and a lower horizontal board fabric area 12. The upper horizontal board fabric area 11 is further divided into an upper horizontal board straight fabric area 111 and an upper horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area 112. The lower horizontal board fabric area 12 is divided into a lower horizontal board straight fabric area 121 and a lower horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area 122. The vertical board fabric area 2 is divided into a left vertical board fabric area 21 and a right vertical board fabric area 22.
[0015] The vertical board fabric area 2 is located between the upper horizontal board fabric area 11 and the lower horizontal board fabric area 12, and the bottom board fabric area 3 is connected to the rear end face of the assembly of the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2; the horizontal board fabric area 1, the vertical board fabric area 2 and the bottom board fabric area 3 each contain a splicing warp yarn 4, a lining warp yarn 5, a weft yarn 6 and a bias yarn 7.
[0016] In the area where the base fabric area 3 and the vertical fabric area 2 are connected, the weft yarn 6 turns vertically from the base fabric area 3 to the vertical fabric area 2 along the direction of the warp yarn 5; in the area where the horizontal fabric area 1 and the vertical fabric area 2 are connected, the weft yarn 6 and the oblique yarn 7 turn vertically from the upper horizontal yarn dividing fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal yarn dividing fabric area 122 to the left vertical fabric area 21 and the right vertical fabric area 22, respectively, with the direction of the warp yarn 5 as the normal.
[0017] Furthermore, the upper horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area 122 are connected to the vertical board fabric area 2 by reserving yarns; the bottom board fabric area 3 is connected to the vertical board fabric area 2 by reserving yarns.
[0018] Furthermore, the bias yarn 7 includes a +θ angle bias yarn 71 and a -θ angle bias yarn 72; the +θ angle bias yarn 71 and the -θ angle bias yarn 72 each form a group and are woven from different weaving starting points.
[0019] Furthermore, the arrangement of the oblique yarn 7 in the upper horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area 112, the lower horizontal plate yarn-dividing fabric area 122 and the vertical plate fabric area 2 is divided into three areas: A, B and C. Each area has two sets of oblique yarns: +θ angle oblique yarn 71 and -θ angle oblique yarn 72. The starting point of each set of oblique yarns is arranged with a side strip 8.
[0020] A method for weaving a reinforced, grooved, three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns, comprising the following steps:
[0021] S1: Initial yarn arrangement of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; including the initial arrangement of the butt knot warp yarn 4 and the lining warp yarn 5 in the horizontal board fabric area 1, the vertical board fabric area 2 and the bottom board fabric area 3 respectively; the initial arrangement of the edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 in the upper horizontal board straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal board straight fabric area 121 and the bottom board fabric area 3 respectively; the initial arrangement of the edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 in the three areas A, B and C respectively;
[0022] S2: The opening movement of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; including the opening movement of the horizontal board fabric area 1, the vertical board fabric area 2 and the bottom board fabric area 3, wherein the movement direction of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the movement direction of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the bottom board fabric area 3; the movement direction of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the flat board fabric area 1, the vertical board fabric area 2 and the bottom board fabric area 3 is parallel to the direction of the lining warp yarn 5 in that area;
[0023] S3: The weaving movement of the oblique yarn 7 in the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure;
[0024] S4: Introduce weft yarn 6 into the reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral structure;
[0025] S5: Press the weft yarn 6; the weft yarn 6 is pressed towards the warp yarn 5 by the weft pressing device, which restricts the movement of the yarn in the vertical corner area of the reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral structure in the normal plane of the warp yarn 5.
[0026] Furthermore, S1 includes the following steps:
[0027] S1-1: The spindles of the connecting warp yarn 4 are arranged on the guide strip of the connecting warp yarn 4. The spindles of the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 are arranged in a reinforced groove shape. The spindles in the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 are arranged perpendicular to each other. The spindles of the bottom board fabric area 3 are arranged along the direction of the weft yarn 6.
[0028] S1-2: Initially arrange the edge yarns of the bias yarn 7 in the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 respectively;
[0029] S1-3: The edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 are initially arranged in the region A; there is an edge strip 8 of oblique yarn 7 on the upper and lower left edge of the region A, and a +θ angle oblique yarn 71 and a -θ angle oblique yarn 72 are respectively arranged on the yarn spindle of the left edge yarn of the region A.
[0030] S1-4: Initially arrange the edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 in the region B; there is an edge strip 8 of oblique yarn 7 on the upper and lower left edge of the region B, and one -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and one +θ angle oblique yarn 71 are respectively arranged on the yarn spindle of the yarn on the left edge of the region B;
[0031] S1-5: Initially arrange the edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 in the C region; there is an edge strip 8 of oblique yarn 7 on the upper and lower sides of the right edge of the C region, and one -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and one +θ angle oblique yarn 71 are respectively arranged on the spindle of the yarn on the right edge of the C region.
[0032] Furthermore, in S2, the direction of movement of the splicing warp 4 in the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 is the z-axis direction; the direction of movement of the splicing warp 4 in the bottom board fabric area 3 is the y-axis direction.
[0033] Furthermore, S3 includes the following steps:
[0034] S3-1: The bias yarn 7 is woven in the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3;
[0035] S3-2: The oblique yarn 7 performs a weaving movement in area A; wherein, the spindles of the oblique yarn 7 are divided into two groups, one group consisting of the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the upper left side of area A, and the other group consisting of the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the lower left side of area A; when the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the upper left side of area A moves one step forward to the right, the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the lower left side of area A moves one step backward to the right; when the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 and the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, they begin to move downward forward and upward forward respectively;
[0036] S3-3: The oblique yarn 7 performs a weaving movement in region B; wherein, the spindles of the oblique yarn 7 are divided into two groups, one group consisting of the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the upper left side of region B, and the other group consisting of the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the lower left side of region B; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the upper left side of region B moves downward and forward by one step, the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the lower left side of region B moves upward and backward by one step; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, they begin to move to the right rear and right front respectively; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure again, they begin to move upward and forward and downward and backward respectively.
[0037] S3-4: The oblique yarn 7 performs a weaving movement in the C region; wherein, the spindles of the oblique yarn 7 are divided into two groups, one group consisting of the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the upper right side of the C region, and the other group consisting of the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the lower right side of the C region; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the upper right side of the C region moves one step forward to the left, the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the lower right side of the C region moves one step backward to the left; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, they begin to move downward forward and upward forward, respectively.
[0038] Furthermore, S4 includes the following steps:
[0039] S4-1: Introduce weft yarns 6 into the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3;
[0040] S4-2: Introduce weft yarn 6 in the upper horizontal board yarn dividing fabric area 112, the lower horizontal board yarn dividing fabric area 122 and the vertical board fabric area 2; when the weft yarn 6 moves to the area where the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 are connected, it takes the direction of the warp yarn 5 as the normal and turns vertically from the upper horizontal board yarn dividing fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal board yarn dividing fabric area 122 to the vertical board fabric area 2 until the edge of the fabric.
[0041] Furthermore, in S4, when the weft yarn 6 moves to the area connecting the bottom plate fabric area 3 and the vertical plate fabric area 2, the weft yarn 6 moves vertically from the bottom plate fabric area 3 to the vertical plate fabric area 2 along the direction of the backing warp yarn 5.
[0042] The advantages and positive effects of this invention are as follows:
[0043] 1. Compared with flat prefabricated fabric, the present invention provides a reinforced grooved prefabricated fabric with a base plate, which is suitable for reinforced grooved composite material structural parts. By adding a base plate fabric area, the overall integrity of the composite material structure is improved, the number of parts can be reduced, and the assembly cost can be reduced while achieving weight reduction. It is particularly suitable for aircraft aileron structures.
[0044] 2. Compared with three-dimensional fabrics of irregular shapes without oblique yarns, the present invention includes oblique yarns and improves the in-plane performance of the reinforced groove structure by setting multiple sets of oblique yarns with different weaving starting points, especially the in-plane shear performance. In structural component applications in aviation, aerospace and other fields, it has higher structural integrity and damage tolerance, better fracture toughness and better anti-delamination performance.
[0045] 3. In this invention, the diagonal yarn arrangement in the upper horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area, the lower horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area, and the vertical board fabric area is divided into three regions: A, B, and C. Each region has two sets of diagonal yarns, and each set of diagonal yarns has a weaving start point and a side strip. This realizes the continuous weaving of diagonal yarns in different directional fabric areas in the three-dimensional fabric, which greatly enriches the distribution mode, distribution range, and movement trajectory of diagonal yarns in the three-dimensional fabric, thereby improving the torsional and shear strength while maintaining the tensile and bending strength of the fabric.
[0046] 4. Compared with multi-layered multi-directional fabrics containing yoke yarns and their weaving methods, the present invention uses a process of reserving yarns, especially the process of reserving yoke yarns, which improves the designability of fabrics containing yoke yarns, improves the durability of the fabrics, and has good prospects for engineering applications. Attached Figure Description
[0047] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a typical aircraft aileron structure;
[0048] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the reinforced groove-shaped integral structure of the present invention;
[0049] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the warp direction of the reinforced grooved structure without oblique yarn of the present invention;
[0050] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the weft direction of the reinforced grooved structure without oblique yarn of the present invention;
[0051] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of weft yarns and oblique yarns in the left vertical plate fabric area of the present invention;
[0052] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of weft yarns in the base fabric area of the present invention;
[0053] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the oblique yarns in the upper horizontal plate yarn-separating fabric area, the lower horizontal plate yarn-separating fabric area, and the vertical plate fabric area of the present invention.
[0054] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the arrangement of the oblique yarns in the upper horizontal plate yarn-separating fabric area, the lower horizontal plate yarn-separating fabric area, and the vertical plate fabric area of the present invention.
[0055] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the spindles for splicing the warp yarns in this invention;
[0056] In the diagram, 1 represents the horizontal board fabric area; 11 represents the upper horizontal board fabric area; 111 represents the upper horizontal board straight fabric area; 112 represents the upper horizontal board yarn-separated fabric area; 12 represents the lower horizontal board fabric area; 121 represents the lower horizontal board straight fabric area; and 122 represents the lower horizontal board yarn-separated fabric area.
[0057] 2 is the vertical board fabric area; 21 is the left vertical board fabric area; 22 is the right vertical board fabric area;
[0058] 3 is the base fabric area; 4 is the joining warp yarn; 5 is the lining warp yarn; 6 is the weft yarn;
[0059] 7 is a bias yarn; 71 is a bias yarn with a +θ angle; 72 is a bias yarn with a -θ angle; 8 is a side strip. Detailed Implementation
[0060] To further disclose the invention's content, features, and effects, the following examples are provided and described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0061] Example: See Appendix Figure 2-8 A reinforced, grooved, three-dimensional integral fabric with oblique yarns includes three parts: a horizontal board fabric area 1, a vertical board fabric area 2, and a bottom board fabric area 3. The horizontal board fabric area 1 is divided into an upper horizontal board fabric area 11 and a lower horizontal board fabric area 12. The upper horizontal board fabric area 11 is further divided into an upper horizontal board straight fabric area 111 and an upper horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area 112. The lower horizontal board fabric area 12 is divided into a lower horizontal board straight fabric area 121 and a lower horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area 122. The vertical board fabric area 2 is divided into a left vertical board fabric area 21 and a right vertical board fabric area 22.
[0062] The vertical board fabric area 2 is located between the upper horizontal board fabric area 11 and the lower horizontal board fabric area 12, and the bottom board fabric area 3 is connected to the rear end face of the assembly of the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2; the horizontal board fabric area 1, the vertical board fabric area 2 and the bottom board fabric area 3 each contain a splicing warp yarn 4, a lining warp yarn 5, a weft yarn 6 and a bias yarn 7.
[0063] like Figures 4-6 As shown, in the area where the base fabric area 3 and the vertical fabric area 2 are connected, the weft yarn 6, along the direction of the warp yarn 5, turns vertically from the base fabric area 3 to the vertical fabric area 2; in the area where the horizontal fabric area 1 and the vertical fabric area 2 are connected, the weft yarn 6 and the oblique yarn 7, with the direction of the warp yarn 5 as the normal, turn vertically from the upper horizontal yarn dividing fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal yarn dividing fabric area 122 to the left vertical fabric area 21 and the right vertical fabric area 22, respectively.
[0064] The upper horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area 122 are connected to the vertical board fabric area 2 by reserving yarns; the bottom board fabric area 3 is connected to the vertical board fabric area 2 by reserving yarns.
[0065] like Figures 7-8As shown, the bias yarn 7 includes a +θ angle bias yarn 71 and a -θ angle bias yarn 72; the +θ angle bias yarn 71 and the -θ angle bias yarn 72 each form a group and are woven from different weaving starting points. The bias yarn 7 is arranged in three regions, A, B, and C, in the upper horizontal board yarn-dividing fabric area 112, the lower horizontal board yarn-dividing fabric area 122, and the vertical board fabric area 2. Each region has two groups of bias yarns, +θ angle bias yarn 71 and -θ angle bias yarn 72, and the weaving starting point of each group of bias yarns is arranged with a side strip 8.
[0066] All yarns are bound together by the connecting warp 4 to form a whole.
[0067] Based on the description of the prefabricated fabric structure above, the following fabric parameters are set:
[0068] 1) A reinforced, grooved, three-dimensional integral structure prefabricated fabric with an overall length of 400mm, a width of 150mm, and a thickness of 200mm.
[0069] 2) The warp yarn 4 is a 6k carbon fiber single strand, and the backing warp yarn 5, weft yarn 6, and bias yarn 7 are all 12k carbon fiber double strands; the arrangement of the backing warp yarn 5 (represented by 90), weft yarn 6 (represented by 0), +θ angle bias yarn 71 (represented by +θ), and -θ angle bias yarn 72 (represented by -θ) in the thickness direction of the horizontal board fabric area 1 is [0 / +45 / 90 / -45 / 0 / +45 / 90 / 0], the arrangement in the thickness direction of the vertical board fabric area 2 is [0 / -45 / 90 / 0 / 90 / +45 / 0 / +45 / 90 / 0 / 90 / -45 / 0], and the arrangement in the thickness direction of the bottom board fabric area 3 is [0 / +45 / 90 / -45 / 0].
[0070] 3) The arrangement density of the splicing warp yarn 4 and the lining warp yarn 5 is 4 yarns / cm, and the arrangement density of the weft yarn 6 is 4 yarns / cm.
[0071] 4) The number of rows of the spliced warp yarn 4, n = fabric length × warp density = 400 / 10 × 4 = 160 rows; the number of layers of the spliced warp yarn 4, m = 4 layers.
[0072] 5) The number of rows of the lining warp 5, n', is equal to the number of rows of the splicing warp 4, n = 160 rows, and the number of layers of the lining warp 5, m', is 4 layers.
[0073] 6) The number of columns of the bias yarn 7 n” = the number of columns of the warp yarn n = 160 columns; the number of layers of bias yarn m” = 6 layers.
[0074] 7) The tilt angle of the oblique yarn in the horizontal board fabric area 1 is θ = 45°, the tilt angle of the oblique yarn in the vertical board fabric area 2 is θ' = 45°, and the tilt angle of the oblique yarn in the bottom board fabric area 3 is θ” = 45°.
[0075] Based on the description and parameter settings of the above-mentioned reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral structure prefabricated fabric, the weaving method of a reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns in this embodiment includes the following steps:
[0076] S1: Initial yarn arrangement of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; including the initial arrangement of the butt-knot warp yarns 4 and the lining warp yarns 5 in the horizontal board fabric area 1, the vertical board fabric area 2, and the bottom board fabric area 3 respectively; the initial arrangement of the edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 in the upper horizontal board straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal board straight fabric area 121, and the bottom board fabric area 3 respectively; the initial arrangement of the edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 in the three areas A, B, and C respectively; specifically,
[0077] S1-1: Arrange the spindles of the connecting warp yarn 4 on the guide strip of the connecting warp yarn 4, such as... Figure 9 As shown, the yarn spindles in the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 are arranged in a reinforced groove shape, and the yarn spindles in the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 are arranged perpendicular to each other; the yarn spindles in the bottom board fabric area 3 are arranged along the direction of the weft yarn 6.
[0078] S1-2: Initially arrange the edge yarns of the bias yarn 7 in the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3 respectively;
[0079] S1-3: The edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 are initially arranged in the region A; there is an edge strip 8 of oblique yarn 7 on the upper and lower left edge of the region A, and a +θ angle oblique yarn 71 and a -θ angle oblique yarn 72 are respectively arranged on the yarn spindle of the left edge yarn of the region A.
[0080] S1-4: Initially arrange the edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 in the region B; there is an edge strip 8 of oblique yarn 7 on the upper and lower left edge of the region B, and one -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and one +θ angle oblique yarn 71 are respectively arranged on the yarn spindle of the yarn on the left edge of the region B;
[0081] S1-5: Initially arrange the edge yarns of the oblique yarn 7 in the C region; there is an edge strip 8 of oblique yarn 7 on the upper and lower sides of the right edge of the C region, and one -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and one +θ angle oblique yarn 71 are respectively arranged on the spindle of the yarn on the right edge of the C region.
[0082] S2: The opening movement of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; including the opening movement in the horizontal board fabric area 1, the vertical board fabric area 2, and the bottom board fabric area 3. The movement directions of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the movement direction of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the bottom board fabric area 3. The movement directions of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the flat board fabric area 1, the vertical board fabric area 2, and the bottom board fabric area 3 are all parallel to the direction of the lining warp yarn 5 in that area. In S2, the movement direction of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 is the z-axis direction. The movement direction of the connecting warp yarn 4 in the bottom board fabric area 3 is the y-axis direction.
[0083] S3: The weaving movement of the oblique yarn 7 in the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; specifically,
[0084] S3-1: The bias yarn 7 is woven in the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3;
[0085] S3-2: The oblique yarn 7 performs a weaving movement in area A; wherein, the spindles of the oblique yarn 7 are divided into two groups, one group consisting of the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the upper left side of area A, and the other group consisting of the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the lower left side of area A; when the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the upper left side of area A moves one step forward to the right, the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the lower left side of area A moves one step backward to the right; when the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 and the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, they begin to move downward forward and upward forward respectively;
[0086] S3-3: The oblique yarn 7 performs a weaving movement in region B; wherein, the spindles of the oblique yarn 7 are divided into two groups, one group consisting of the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the upper left side of region B, and the other group consisting of the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the lower left side of region B; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the upper left side of region B moves downward and forward by one step, the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the lower left side of region B moves upward and backward by one step; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, they begin to move to the right rear and right front respectively; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure again, they begin to move upward and forward and downward and backward respectively.
[0087] S3-4: The oblique yarn 7 performs a weaving movement in the C region; wherein, the spindles of the oblique yarn 7 are divided into two groups, one group consisting of the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the upper right side of the C region, and the other group consisting of the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the lower right side of the C region; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 starting from the upper right side of the C region moves one step forward to the left, the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 starting from the lower right side of the C region moves one step backward to the left; when the -θ angle oblique yarn 72 and the +θ angle oblique yarn 71 move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, they begin to move downward forward and upward forward, respectively.
[0088] S4: Introduce weft yarn 6 into the reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral structure; specifically,
[0089] S4-1: Introduce weft yarns 6 into the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area 111, the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area 121 and the bottom plate fabric area 3;
[0090] S4-2: Introduce weft yarn 6 in the upper horizontal board yarn dividing fabric area 112, the lower horizontal board yarn dividing fabric area 122 and the vertical board fabric area 2; when the weft yarn 6 moves to the area where the horizontal board fabric area 1 and the vertical board fabric area 2 are connected, it takes the direction of the warp yarn 5 as the normal and turns vertically from the upper horizontal board yarn dividing fabric area 112 and the lower horizontal board yarn dividing fabric area 122 to the vertical board fabric area 2 until the edge of the fabric.
[0091] In S4, when the weft yarn 6 moves to the area connecting the bottom fabric area 3 and the vertical fabric area 2, the weft yarn 6 moves vertically from the bottom fabric area 3 to the vertical fabric area 2 along the direction of the backing warp yarn 5.
[0092] S5: Press the weft yarn 6; the weft yarn 6 is pressed towards the warp yarn 5 by the weft pressing device, which restricts the movement of the yarn in the vertical corner area of the reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral structure in the normal plane of the warp yarn 5.
[0093] As a supplement to the above, changing the angle θ of the oblique yarn 7 can be achieved by changing the arrangement density of the connecting warp yarn 4, the lining warp yarn 5 and the weft yarn 6, or by changing the stepping motion of the oblique yarn 7 and the coordination of introducing the weft yarn 6, or by combining the two methods mentioned above.
[0094] As a supplement to the above, changing the coordination between the stepping motion of the oblique yarn 7 and the introduction of the weft yarn 6 means increasing the angle θ of the oblique yarn 7 by increasing the number of steps of the oblique yarn 7, or decreasing the number of times the weft yarn 6 is introduced to increase the angle θ of the oblique yarn 7.
[0095] As a supplement to the above, the horizontal board fabric area 1, the vertical board fabric area 2, and the bottom board fabric area 3 can be designed with different numbers of yarn layers, different yarn layer positions, and different oblique yarn angles θ, etc., to meet the requirements of different mechanical properties.
[0096] As a supplement to the above, the geometric size and micro-parameters of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure need to be set according to the requirements of the engineering project.
[0097] Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art, under the guidance of the present invention, can make many other modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. These modifications all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A reinforced, grooved, three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns, characterized in that: It includes three parts: a horizontal board fabric area (1), a vertical board fabric area (2), and a bottom board fabric area (3); wherein, the horizontal board fabric area (1) is divided into an upper horizontal board fabric area (11) and a lower horizontal board fabric area (12); the upper horizontal board fabric area (11) is divided into an upper horizontal board straight fabric area (111) and an upper horizontal board yarn splitting fabric area (112); the lower horizontal board fabric area (12) is divided into a lower horizontal board straight fabric area (121) and a lower horizontal board yarn splitting fabric area (122); the vertical board fabric area (2) is divided into a left vertical board fabric area (21) and a right vertical board fabric area (22). The vertical board fabric area (2) is located between the upper horizontal board fabric area (11) and the lower horizontal board fabric area (12), and the bottom board fabric area (3) is connected to the rear end face of the assembly of the horizontal board fabric area (1) and the vertical board fabric area (2); the horizontal board fabric area (1), the vertical board fabric area (2) and the bottom board fabric area (3) all contain bonding warp yarns (4), lining warp yarns (5), weft yarns (6) and bias yarns (7); In the area where the base fabric area (3) and the vertical fabric area (2) are connected, the weft yarn (6) turns vertically from the base fabric area (3) to the vertical fabric area (2) along the direction of the warp yarn (5); in the area where the horizontal fabric area (1) and the vertical fabric area (2) are connected, the weft yarn (6) and the oblique yarn (7) turn vertically from the upper horizontal yarn dividing fabric area (112) and the lower horizontal yarn dividing fabric area (122) to the left vertical fabric area (21) and the right vertical fabric area (22) respectively, with the direction of the warp yarn (5) as the normal; the oblique yarn ( 7) Includes +θ angle slant yarn (71) and -θ angle slant yarn (72); the +θ angle slant yarn (71) and -θ angle slant yarn (72) each form a group and are woven from different weaving starting points; the slant yarn (7) is arranged in three regions A, B and C in the upper horizontal board yarn splitting fabric area (112), the lower horizontal board yarn splitting fabric area (122) and the vertical board fabric area (2), and each region is arranged with two groups of slant yarns, +θ angle slant yarn (71) and -θ angle slant yarn (72), and each group of slant yarns has a side strip (8) at the weaving starting point.
2. The reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area (112) and the lower horizontal board yarn-separating fabric area (122) are connected to the vertical board fabric area (2) by reserving yarn; the bottom board fabric area (3) is connected to the vertical board fabric area (2) by reserving yarn.
3. A method for weaving a reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns, wherein the three-dimensional integral fabric as described in claim 2 is characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1: Initial yarn arrangement of the reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral structure; This includes the initial arrangement of the butt knot warp yarns (4) and the lining warp yarns (5) in the horizontal board fabric area (1), the vertical board fabric area (2), and the bottom board fabric area (3), respectively; the initial arrangement of the edge yarns of the bias yarns (7) in the upper horizontal board straight fabric area (111), the lower horizontal board straight fabric area (121), and the bottom board fabric area (3), respectively; and the initial arrangement of the edge yarns of the bias yarns (7) in the three areas A, B, and C, respectively. S2: The opening movement of the connecting warp yarn (4) in the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; including the opening movement in the horizontal board fabric area (1), the vertical board fabric area (2) and the bottom board fabric area (3), wherein the movement direction of the connecting warp yarn (4) in the horizontal board fabric area (1) and the vertical board fabric area (2) is parallel to each other and perpendicular to the movement direction of the connecting warp yarn (4) in the bottom board fabric area (3); the movement direction of the connecting warp yarn (4) in the flat board fabric area (1), the vertical board fabric area (2) and the bottom board fabric area (3) is parallel to the direction of the lining warp yarn (5) in the area; S3: Weaving movement of the oblique yarn (7) in the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; S4: Introduce weft yarns (6) into the reinforced trough-shaped three-dimensional integral structure; S5: Press the weft yarn (6); Press the weft yarn (6) towards the warp yarn (5) using the weft pressing device to constrain the movement of the yarn in the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove three-dimensional integral structure in the normal plane of the warp yarn (5).
4. The weaving method of a reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns according to claim 3, characterized in that: S1 includes the following steps: S1-1: The spindles of the connecting warp yarn (4) are arranged on the guide strip of the connecting warp yarn (4). The spindles of the horizontal board fabric area (1) and the vertical board fabric area (2) are arranged in a reinforced groove shape. The spindles in the horizontal board fabric area (1) and the vertical board fabric area (2) are arranged perpendicular to each other. The spindles of the bottom board fabric area (3) are arranged along the direction of the weft yarn (6). S1-2: The edge yarns of the oblique yarn (7) are initially arranged in the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area (111), the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area (121) and the bottom plate fabric area (3), respectively; S1-3: The edge yarns of the oblique yarn (7) are initially arranged in the A region; there is an edge strip (8) of oblique yarn (7) on the upper and lower left edge of the A region, and a +θ angle oblique yarn (71) and a -θ angle oblique yarn (72) are arranged on the yarn spindle of the left edge yarn of the A region respectively. S1-4: The edge yarns of the oblique yarn (7) are initially arranged in the B region; there is an edge strip (8) of oblique yarn (7) on the upper and lower left edge of the B region, and a -θ angle oblique yarn (72) and a +θ angle oblique yarn (71) are arranged on the yarn spindle of the left edge yarn of the B region respectively. S1-5: The edge yarns of the oblique yarn (7) are initially arranged in the C region; there is an edge strip (8) of oblique yarn (7) on the upper and lower sides of the right edge of the C region, and a -θ angle oblique yarn (72) and a +θ angle oblique yarn (71) are arranged on the yarn spindle of the right edge yarn of the C region respectively.
5. The weaving method of a reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns according to claim 3, characterized in that: In S2, the direction of movement of the connecting warp yarn (4) in the horizontal board fabric area (1) and the vertical board fabric area (2) is the z-axis direction; the direction of movement of the connecting warp yarn (4) in the bottom board fabric area (3) is the y-axis direction.
6. The weaving method of a reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns according to claim 3, characterized in that: S3 includes the following steps: S3-1: The bias yarn (7) is woven in the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area (111), the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area (121) and the bottom plate fabric area (3); S3-2: The oblique yarn (7) is woven in the area A; the yarn spindles of the oblique yarn (7) are divided into two groups, with the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) starting from the upper left side of the area A as one group and the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) starting from the lower left side of the area A as the other group; when the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) starting from the upper left side of the area A moves one step forward to the right, the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) starting from the lower left side of the area A moves one step backward to the right; when the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) and the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, they begin to move downward forward and upward forward respectively; S3-3: The oblique yarn (7) is woven in the B region; the yarn spindles of the oblique yarn (7) are divided into two groups, with the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) starting from the upper left side of the B region as one group and the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) starting from the lower left side of the B region as the other group; when the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) starting from the upper left side of the B region moves forward and downward by one step, the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) starting from the lower left side of the B region moves backward and upward by one step; when the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) and the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, they start to move to the right rear and right front respectively; when the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) and the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure again, they start to move forward and downward respectively. S3-4: The oblique yarn (7) is woven in the C region; the yarn spindles of the oblique yarn (7) are divided into two groups, one group is the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) starting from the upper right side of the C region, and the other group is the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) starting from the lower right side of the C region; when the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) starting from the upper right side of the C region moves one step forward to the left, the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) starting from the lower right side of the C region moves one step backward to the left. When the -θ angle oblique yarn (72) and the +θ angle oblique yarn (71) move to the vertical corner area of the reinforced groove-shaped three-dimensional integral structure, they start to move downward forward and upward forward respectively.
7. The weaving method of a reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns according to claim 3, characterized in that: S4 includes the following steps: S4-1: Introduce weft yarns (6) in the upper horizontal plate straight fabric area (111), the lower horizontal plate straight fabric area (121) and the bottom plate fabric area (3). S4-2: Introduce weft yarns (6) in the upper horizontal board yarn splitting fabric area (112), the lower horizontal board yarn splitting fabric area (122), and the vertical board fabric area (2); when the weft yarns (6) move to the area where the horizontal board fabric area (1) and the vertical board fabric area (2) are connected, they are perpendicularly turned from the upper horizontal board yarn splitting fabric area (112) and the lower horizontal board yarn splitting fabric area (122) to the vertical board fabric area (2) with the direction of the warp yarns (5) as the normal, until the edge of the fabric.
8. The weaving method of a reinforced grooved three-dimensional integral fabric containing oblique yarns according to claim 7, characterized in that: In S4, when the weft yarn (6) moves to the area connecting the bottom plate fabric area (3) and the vertical plate fabric area (2), the weft yarn (6) moves vertically from the bottom plate fabric area (3) to the vertical plate fabric area (2) along the direction of the backing warp yarn (5).