A construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel

Abstract

The present invention discloses an underwater section-by-section installation method of an anchored floating tunnel, comprising: step 1, transporting the floating tunnel pipe section to be installed to the shore connection structure; step 2, moving the floating tunnel pipe section to be installed into the installation trolley in the outfitting room; step 3, first fixing the floating tunnel pipe section to be installed on the installation trolley, and adjusting the floating weight ratio of the installation trolley and the floating tunnel pipe section to be installed while injecting water into the outfitting room; step 4, the installation trolley stops moving after running to the floating tunnel pipe section installed in the previous section; step 5, the rear legs of the installation trolley continue to move forward, but keep the front legs stationary, and send the floating tunnel pipe section to be installed to the installation position; step 6, docking and installing the floating tunnel pipe section to be installed with the floating tunnel pipe section installed in the previous section; step 7, the installation trolley returns to the outfitting room; step 8, repeating steps 1 to 7 to install the subsequent sections of the floating tunnel pipe section. The present invention is safer, more efficient and more economical.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel. Background Art

[0002] Submerged floating tunnel, English name is "Submerged Floating Tunnel", referred to as "SFT". In Italy, it is also called "Archimedes Bridge", referred to as "PDA" bridge. It is generally composed of a tubular structure floating at a certain depth in the water (the space of the structure is large enough to meet the requirements of road and railway transportation), a support system (anchor cables, piers or floating boxes anchored on the seabed foundation) and structures on both sides. It is a new type of structure for transportation vehicles to cross the two banks separated by deep water. It is suitable for all transportation vehicles that need to travel through water. It can pass trains, cars, small motor vehicles and pedestrians. It can also be made into a service channel for passing various pipelines and cables. The difference between the submerged floating tunnel and the traditional buried tunnel or bored tunnel is that the floating tunnel structure is surrounded by water. It is neither located on the stratum nor passes through the stratum, but mainly relies on the gravity of its own structure, the buoyancy of the structure and the anchoring force of the support system to maintain a fixed position. The floating tunnel is sealed on all sides. This structure has all the characteristics of an ordinary tunnel. From the perspective of use, it should be considered a "tunnel" rather than a "bridge".

[0003] Suspended tunnels can cross different waters, such as rivers, fjords, straits, lakes, etc., providing a possible and acceptable fixed span structure for those places that are considered uncrossable due to deep water or large distance between the two banks. Suspended tunnels are built at a certain depth underwater. Compared with open channels on the water surface and ferry transportation, bad weather such as wind and waves, fog, rain, and snow will not affect the all-weather operation of suspended tunnels. Under the premise of ensuring the same navigation capacity, the slope of suspended tunnels is gentler and the total length is also reduced compared with bridges. Suspended tunnels will not affect the environment and natural landscape during the construction process and when they are put into use; when the span and water depth exceed a certain range, the unit cost of suspended tunnels will not increase significantly with the increase of the length of the crossing channel or the depth of the waterway, while the unit cost of cable-stayed bridges and suspension bridges will increase significantly with the increase of spans.

[0004] Although floating tunnels have certain advantages over immersed tube tunnels, deep buried tunnels, bridges and other cross-sea passages, the design and construction of floating tunnels is still a global problem, and no floating tunnel has been built so far. Currently, there are seven countries in the world (Norway, Italy, Japan, China, Switzerland, Brazil, and the United States) conducting research, and many technical problems found in the research mainly include: overall structural layout, tunnel materials, structural type of anchoring system, tunnel connection type and shore connection structure design, tunnel structure feasibility, construction and operation risks, etc. Whether these problems can be solved determines whether the floating tunnel can move from a feasibility plan to an actual project.

[0005] So far, in the research of suspended tunnels, the proposed structural types can be roughly divided into three categories according to the relationship between the suspended tunnel's own gravity and the buoyancy it is subjected to: buoy type, anchor type, and pier type. The buoy type suspended tunnel is a tunnel suspended on a buoy on the water surface by anchor cables or anchor chains. The tunnel's gravity is greater than its buoyancy, and the vertical direction is greatly affected by the fluctuation of tides; the anchor type suspended tunnel is a tunnel anchored to an anchor foundation below the seabed by tension legs or anchor cables. The tunnel's gravity is less than its buoyancy, and the tunnel will shift or shake under the action of hydrodynamics; the pier type is actually a tunnel bridge supported on underwater piers, which is difficult to construct and expensive.

[0006] At present, the anchored floating tunnel structure has been studied for a long time at home and abroad. It consists of an underwater floating tunnel body, a shore connection structure, an anchoring system, a buoyancy-to-weight ratio adjustment system, tunnel ancillary facilities, etc. Cable anchors are set on the tunnel pipe section and fixed to the seabed through an anchor foundation. Both ends of the pipe section are connected to the shore connection structure and connected to the ground road through a land slope tunnel.

[0007] Since the suspended tunnel is located deep underwater, the three types of suspended tunnels are very difficult to transport the pipe segments, position underwater, and install and connect underwater or above water. The safety risks are also high, and there is no mature construction technology that has been successfully implemented. The technologies that can be used for the installation and construction of suspended tunnels are floating transportation, sinking and installation of immersed tube tunnels on water. This process is greatly affected by wind, waves, currents and ship waves. For example, the floating installation of the immersed tube of the Hong Kong-Zhuhai-Macao Bridge has only one window period of one month, and the waterway needs to be closed during the floating transportation of the pipe segments, which has a great impact on water traffic, high construction costs, and high safety risks.

[0008] In order to fill the gap in the underwater section-by-section installation technology of suspended tunnel pipe sections, a construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of anchored suspended tunnels is proposed, which provides a safer, more efficient and economical construction plan for the installation of suspended tunnels, and will enable the suspended tunnel to turn from an ideal into reality as soon as possible. Summary of the invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to fill the gap in the underwater installation of floating tunnel pipe sections in the prior art, and specially proposes a construction method for underwater installation of anchored floating tunnel sections, so that the installation of floating tunnel has a safer, more efficient and economical construction plan, which will enable the floating tunnel to be transformed from an ideal to a reality as soon as possible.

[0010] The object of the present invention is achieved by: a construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel, comprising the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: First, transport the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed prefabricated on land to the shore-connected structure through the land slope tunnel; the shore-connected structure includes a jacking room located on the backwater side and an outfitting room located on the frontwater side, the outfitting room is provided with an installation trolley, and the outfitting room has an inlet and an outlet;

[0012] Step 2: In the jacking chamber of the shore connection structure, the suspended tunnel pipe segments to be installed are sequentially loaded into the installation trolley by vertical and horizontal movement;

[0013] Step 3: first, connect a pair of front lifting ears and a pair of rear lifting ears on the upper part of the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed to the steel wire ropes of a pair of front pipe segment sinking winches and a pair of rear pipe segment sinking winches on the installation trolley in a one-to-one correspondence, then close the inlet and outlet of the outfitting room in the shore-connected structure, and then fill water into the outfitting room, and at the same time adjust the buoyancy ratio of the installation trolley and the buoyancy ratio in the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed, so that the buoyancy ratio of the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed is less than 1, and the buoyancy ratio of the installation trolley is greater than 1, and the overall buoyancy ratio of the installation trolley and the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed is greater than 1;

[0014] Step 4: first open the exit of the outfitting room, then control the installation trolley to run to the previously installed floating tunnel pipe section and then stop moving forward, arrange a pair of temporary mooring piers symmetrically along both sides of the tunnel axis in front of the installation trolley, and connect the cables on a pair of trolley mooring winches on the installation trolley to the pair of temporary mooring piers in an eight-shaped shape;

[0015] Step 5: Control the installation trolley to continue moving forward. During this process, the front legs of the installation trolley remain stationary. By adjusting the length and tension of the two cables, the position of the installation trolley is controlled until the suspended tunnel pipe section to be installed is delivered to the installation position.

[0016] Step 6: Adjust the height and level of the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed by installing a pair of front pipe segment lowering winches and a pair of rear pipe segment lowering winches on the trolley, and adjust the front and rear positions of the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed by adjusting the front and rear positions of the trolley to ensure that the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed can be docked and installed with the suspended tunnel pipe segment installed in the previous section;

[0017] Step 7: First, control the installation trolley to return to the outfitting room, then close the outlet of the outfitting room, and then drain the water in the outfitting room to form dry construction conditions;

[0018] Step eight, repeating steps one to seven to install subsequent sections of suspended tunnel pipe segments to the last section of suspended tunnel pipe segment.

[0019] In the above-mentioned construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel, the shore-connecting structure is arranged on the bank slope and includes an indoor part and an outdoor part;

[0020] The indoor part is provided with the jacking chamber, partition wall and outfitting room in sequence from land to sea; a jacking device is installed at the bottom of the jacking chamber, the rear end of the jacking chamber is the water-receiving side wall of the indoor part, and the lower part of the water-receiving side wall is provided with an opening connected with the land slope section tunnel; the front end of the outfitting room is the water-facing side wall of the indoor part, and the lower part of the outfitting room is provided with a connecting section tunnel, and the rear port of the connecting section tunnel is connected with the jacking chamber; the inlet of the outfitting room is provided on the partition wall directly above the rear port of the connecting section tunnel, and the inlet of the outfitting room is blocked by an inlet end sealing door; the outlet of the outfitting room is provided on the water-facing side wall and is located directly above the front port of the connecting section tunnel, and the outlet of the outfitting room is blocked by an outlet end sealing door; a water supply and drainage system is installed between the outfitting room and the external water body;

[0021] The outdoor part includes a starting section tunnel and a slope protection which are sequentially connected to the front end of the connecting section tunnel; the front end of the starting section tunnel is butted against the rear end of the suspended tunnel pipe section, and steel sealing doors are provided at the joints of the starting section tunnel and the connecting section tunnel as well as at the joints of the starting section tunnel and the suspended tunnel pipe section; both ends of the suspended tunnel pipe section are sealed with steel sealing doors;

[0022] A pair of tracks are installed on the top surface of the connecting section tunnel and the top surface of the starting section tunnel, and the pair of tracks corresponds one-to-one to a pair of tracks arranged on the top surface of the floating tunnel pipe section; a pair of track groove sealing devices corresponding one-to-one to the pair of tracks are arranged at the bottom of the outlet of the outfitting room.

[0023] The above-mentioned construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel, wherein the inlet sealing door is a steel plate structure; the outlet sealing door is a reinforced concrete caisson structure with multiple compartments; the outlet sealing door is composed of a bottom plate and surrounding side walls to form a caisson shell, and the caisson shell is divided into multiple compartments by a plurality of transverse partitions and a plurality of longitudinal partitions, and a plurality of through holes are provided on the transverse partitions and the longitudinal partitions at intervals in the height direction, and a connecting valve is installed in each through hole; the top elevation of the outlet sealing door is higher than the highest water level of the external water body + wave height + surplus height of 2 to 3m, the width of the outlet sealing door is the width of the outlet of the outfitting room + at least 8m, and the thickness of the outlet sealing door must meet the requirements of installation, removal and stability of the base.

[0024] The above-mentioned construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel, wherein the track groove sealing device includes a steel shell for accommodating the track, a pair of hydraulic jacks and a pair of steel piston heads; the steel shell is embedded in the water-facing side wall; a pair of hydraulic jacks are horizontally and symmetrically installed on both sides of the steel shell; a pair of steel piston heads are symmetrically installed on the piston rods of a pair of hydraulic jacks, and a cavity matching the side shape of the track is arranged on the front end surface of the pair of steel piston heads, and a rubber water stop strip is arranged on the surface of the cavity.

[0025] In the above-mentioned construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel, the installation trolley comprises a frame, front legs, rear legs, a front pontoon and a rear pontoon; wherein:

[0026] The frame is a plane truss structure and includes a pair of longitudinal beams, a front cross beam and a rear cross beam; a track groove is provided on the bottom surface of the middle front part of the pair of longitudinal beams;

[0027] The front legs are U-shaped and have a pair of top rollers on the top. The bottom of the front legs has a pair of front bottom rollers with driving devices, so that the front legs are buckled in the track grooves on the bottom surface of a pair of longitudinal beams of the frame through the pair of top rollers one by one, and the front legs are clamped on the pair of tracks through the pair of front bottom rollers one by one;

[0028] The rear legs are fixed to the rear of a pair of longitudinal beams of the frame, and two pairs of rear bottom rollers with driving devices are provided at the bottom of the rear legs, so that the rear legs are clamped on a pair of rails through the two pairs of rear bottom rollers in a one-to-one correspondence;

[0029] The front pontoon is fixed to the front of the frame, a buoyancy-to-weight ratio adjustment system is provided in the front pontoon, and a pair of front pipe section sinking winches and a pair of trolley mooring winches are also installed in the front pontoon;

[0030] The rear pontoon is fixed to the rear part of the frame. A buoyancy-to-weight ratio adjustment system is arranged inside the rear pontoon. A pair of rear pipe section sinking and lowering winches are also installed inside the rear pontoon.

[0031] The above-mentioned construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel, wherein the rear support legs of the installation trolley include two parallel planar trusses, each planar truss includes a front column, a rear column and a lower longitudinal beam, and two bottom rollers with driving devices are respectively installed on the bottom surfaces of the lower longitudinal beams of the two planar trusses, and the front columns and rear columns of the two planar trusses are fixed one by one on the rear bottom surfaces of a pair of longitudinal beams of the frame.

[0032] In the above-mentioned construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel, an operation room and an oxygen supply device are also provided in the rear pontoon of the installation trolley;

[0033] In the above-mentioned construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel, the temporary mooring pier is a deep-water conductor frame + anchor cable structure.

[0034] The construction method of the anchored floating tunnel installed underwater section by section of the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0035] (1) The construction method of the present invention uses underwater transportation of the suspended tunnel pipe segment. Compared with floating transportation of the suspended tunnel pipe segment on water, the impact of wind, waves and currents on the transportation of the pipe segment is greatly reduced, the transportation window period is greatly increased, and the transportation efficiency and safety are improved. For the marine environment, the deeper the water depth, the slower the water flow speed, and the less affected by wind and waves.

[0036] (2) The construction method of the present invention adopts an installation trolley and utilizes the installed floating tunnel pipe segments to sink the floating tunnel pipe segments underwater. Compared with the installation of the floating tunnel pipe segments by using a floating sinking barge, the influence of wind, waves and currents on the sinking and docking of the floating tunnel pipe segments is greatly reduced, and the pendulum effect can be effectively avoided, which greatly increases the sinking accuracy of the floating tunnel pipe segments and improves the installation efficiency, safety and accuracy.

[0037] (3) The construction method of the present invention uses water surface construction vessels less frequently and basically does not require large ship machinery. The construction has little impact on the passage of surface ships, and the risk of maritime traffic safety is also greatly reduced.

[0038] (4) The construction method of the present invention greatly increases the installation window period, greatly shortens the construction period, and effectively reduces the construction cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] Figure 1 It is a side view of the shore connection structure involved in step 1 of the construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 2a is a cross-sectional view of an outlet end sealing door in the shore connection structure of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 2b is a plan view of an outlet end sealing door in the shore connection structure of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 3a is a cross-sectional view of a track groove sealing device in a shore connection structure of the present invention (closed state);

[0043] Figure 3b is a cross-sectional view of a track groove sealing device in a shore connection structure of the present invention (in an open state);

[0044] Figure 4a It is a side view of the installation trolley involved in the second step of the construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 4b Yes, front view of the mounting trolley;

[0046] Figure 5 It is a state diagram of the step 1 in the construction method of underwater section-by-section installation of the anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 6 It is a state diagram when the second step is carried out in the construction method of underwater section-by-section installation of the anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 7 It is another state diagram when the step 2 is performed in the construction method of underwater section-by-section installation of the anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0049] Figure 8 It is a state diagram when step three is performed in the construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0050] Fig. 9 It is a state diagram when step 4 is performed in the construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0051] Fig.10 It is another state diagram when step 4 is performed in the construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of the anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0052] Fig.11 It is a state diagram when step five is performed in the construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0053] Fig.12 It is a state diagram when step 6 is performed in the construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0054] Fig.13 It is a state diagram when step seven is performed in the construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel of the present invention;

[0055] Fig.14 It is a structural schematic diagram of a suspended tunnel that is completely connected after the construction method of the anchored suspended tunnel underwater section by section is completed. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0057] See also Figures 1 to 14 The construction method of the anchored floating tunnel underwater section by section installation of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: First, transport the prefabricated floating tunnel pipe segment 1' to be installed on land through the land slope tunnel 2 to the shore connection structure 3 (see Figure 5 ), the shore-connecting structure 3 is arranged on the bank slope and includes an indoor part and an outdoor part; wherein,

[0059] An indoor part and an outdoor part, a lifting device 9, a pair of rails 8, a pair of rail groove sealing devices 8A and a water supply and drainage system 10.

[0060] The indoor part is surrounded by the back water side wall 3A, the front water side wall 3B and the left and right outer walls of the waterproof ground-connected wall structure; the indoor part is provided with a jacking room 31, a partition wall 30 and an outfitting room 32 in sequence from the land area to the sea area;

[0061] The length and width of the jacking chamber 31 should be designed according to the length and diameter of the floating tunnel segment 1; the rear end of the jacking chamber 31 is the backwater side wall 3A, and the lower part of the backwater side wall 3A is provided with an opening connected to the land slope section tunnel 2; the land slope section tunnel 2 is a connecting tunnel between the jacking chamber 31 and the ground road;

[0062] The length and width of the outfitting room 32 should be designed according to the length and diameter of the floating tunnel pipe section 1 and the size of the installation trolley 13, and a certain margin should be left. The front end of the outfitting room 32 is the water-facing side wall 3B, and the lower part of the outfitting room 32 is provided with a connecting section tunnel 5, and the rear port of the connecting section tunnel 5 is connected to the jacking chamber 31; the inner diameter of the connecting section tunnel 5 is the same as the inner diameter of the floating tunnel pipe section 1;

[0063] The partition wall 30 opens the entrance of the outfitting room just above the rear port of the connecting section tunnel 5. The entrance of the outfitting room is provided with a steel door frame and a rubber water stop strip. The entrance of the outfitting room is blocked by an inlet end sealing door 11. The inlet end sealing door 11 is a steel plate door structure, and rubber water stop strips are arranged around it to prevent water leakage when the door is closed. The size of the inlet end sealing door 11 is designed according to the diameter of the suspended tunnel pipe section 1, and a certain margin is left.

[0064] The outlet of the outfitting room is opened on the water-facing side wall 3B just above the front end of the connecting section tunnel 5. The outlet of the outfitting room is provided with a steel door frame and a rubber water stop strip. The outlet of the outfitting room is blocked by an outlet end sealing door 12.

[0065] The outlet sealing door 12 is a reinforced concrete caisson structure with multiple compartments. The outlet sealing door 12 is composed of a bottom plate 120 and surrounding side walls 121 to form a caisson shell. The caisson shell is divided into multiple compartments by a plurality of transverse partition walls 122 and a plurality of longitudinal partition walls 123. A plurality of through holes are provided at intervals along the height direction on the transverse partition walls 122 and the longitudinal partition walls 123. A connecting valve 124 is installed in each through hole (see Figure 2a and Figure 2b ); It is convenient to control the liquid level elevation of each compartment in the caisson when filling and draining water into the caisson. The outlet sealing door 12 is sunk or floated by filling and draining water into multiple compartments. After the outlet sealing door 12 floats, it is moved and positioned and installed by a tugboat. When filling the caisson with water cannot meet the stability requirements, the deadweight of the outlet sealing door 12 can also be increased by backfilling sand and gravel into the caisson; the top elevation of the outlet sealing door 12 should be higher than the highest water level of the external water body + wave height + surplus height of 2 to 3m, and the width of the outlet sealing door 12 is the width of the outlet of the outfitting room + at least 8m, that is, the width of the outlet sealing door 12 should be at least 4m wider on both sides of the outlet of the outfitting room, and the thickness of the outlet sealing door 12 should meet the stability requirements of installation, removal and base.

[0066] The outdoor part includes a starting tunnel 6 and a slope protection 7 which are sequentially connected to the front end of the connecting tunnel 5;

[0067] The inner diameter of the starting section tunnel 6 is the same as that of the suspended tunnel segment 1. The starting section tunnel 6 adopts a reinforced concrete structure and is prefabricated before installation. The front end of the starting section tunnel 6 is butted against the rear end of the suspended tunnel segment 1. Steel sealing doors are provided at the joints of the starting section tunnel 6 and the connecting section tunnel 5 and at the joints of the starting section tunnel 6 and the suspended tunnel segment 1.

[0068] The jacking device 9 is installed at the bottom of the jacking chamber 31; the jacking device 9 includes a plurality of jacks and steel structure jacking beams installed on the plurality of jacks.

[0069] A pair of rails 8 is installed on the top surface of the connecting section tunnel 5 and the top surface of the starting section tunnel 6, and the pair of rails 8 corresponds one-to-one to a pair of rails arranged on the top surface of each section of the suspended tunnel pipe segment 1; the cross section of the rails 8 is I-shaped.

[0070] A pair of track groove sealing devices 8A and a pair of tracks 8 are arranged at the bottom of the outlet of the outfitting room in one-to-one correspondence; the track groove sealing devices 8A are used to seal the gaps on both sides of the track 8 and together with the outlet end sealing door 12 form a sealed water retaining system for the outfitting room 32 to prevent water outside the indoor part from entering the outfitting room 32.

[0071] The track groove sealing device 8A includes a steel housing 80, a pair of hydraulic jacks 82 and a pair of steel piston heads 153 (see FIG. Figure 3a and Figure 3b ); wherein the steel shell 80 comprises a bottom plate, two vertical plates connected to both sides of the bottom plate in a one-to-one correspondence, and a left top plate and a right top plate connected to the tops of the two vertical plates in a one-to-one correspondence, so that the top of the steel shell 80 has a gap with a width greater than the cross-sectional width of the track 8, and a plurality of anchor bars 81 are welded to the bottom surface of the steel shell 80 and the outer surfaces of the two vertical plates, the outer surfaces of the left top plate and the outer surfaces of the right top plate, so that the steel shell 80 is fixed in the water-facing side wall through the anchor bars; the track 8 is fixed in the middle of the bottom plate of the steel shell 80; a pair of hydraulic jacks 82 are symmetrically arranged Installed in the middle of the inner surface of the two vertical plates of the steel shell 80; a pair of steel piston heads 83 are symmetrically installed on the piston rods of a pair of hydraulic jacks 82, and the top surfaces of the pair of steel piston heads 83 are in movable sealing contact with the bottom surfaces of the left top plate and the right top plate of the steel shell 80 one by one, and the bottom surfaces of the pair of steel piston heads 83 are in movable sealing contact with the top surface of the bottom surface of the steel shell 80, and the front end surfaces of the pair of steel piston heads 83 are provided with a cavity that matches the side shape of the track 8, and a rubber water stop strip 84 is installed on the surface of the cavity to ensure the water stop effect;

[0072] The water supply and drainage system 10 is arranged between the outfitting room 32 and the external water body; the water supply and drainage system 10 includes a high-power, high-lift water pump arranged in the outfitting room 32 and a water pipe connected to the water outlet of the water pump and leading to the water body on the front side of the water-facing side wall 3B. The water in the outfitting room 32 is pumped out by the water pump, and water can also be injected into the outfitting room 32 through a water supply pipe to realize the dry-wet conversion function of the outfitting room 32.

[0073] Step 2: In the jacking chamber 31 of the shore-connected structure 3 under the waterless environment, the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed is first lifted by the jack of the lifting device 9 to complete the vertical movement (see Figure 6 ), then insert the transport airbag between the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed and the lifting beam of the lifting device 9, and after the transport airbag is inflated, move the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed forward horizontally to the installation trolley 4 on a pair of rails 8 on the top surface of the connecting section tunnel 6 in the outfitting room 32 (see Figure 7 ); The mounting trolley 4 includes a frame 40, a front leg 41, a rear leg 42, a front pontoon 43 and a rear pontoon 44 (see Figure 4a and Figure 4b );in,

[0074] The vehicle frame 40 is a plane truss structure and includes a pair of longitudinal beams, a front cross beam and a rear cross beam; a track groove is provided on the bottom surface of the middle front portion of the pair of longitudinal beams;

[0075] The front legs 41 are U-shaped and have a pair of top rollers 4A at the top. The bottom of the front legs 41 has a pair of front bottom rollers 4B with driving devices, so that the front legs 41 are buckled in the track grooves on the bottom surfaces of the pair of longitudinal beams of the frame through the pair of top rollers 4A one by one, and the front legs 41 are clamped on the pair of tracks 8 through the pair of front bottom rollers 4B one by one.

[0076] The rear support leg 42 is fixed to the rear part of a pair of longitudinal beams of the vehicle frame 40. The rear support leg 42 includes two parallel plane trusses. Each plane truss includes a front column, a rear column and a lower longitudinal beam. Two rear bottom rollers 4C with driving devices are respectively installed on the bottom surfaces of the lower longitudinal beams of the two plane trusses. The front columns and the rear columns of the two plane trusses are fixed to the rear bottom surfaces of the pair of longitudinal beams of the vehicle frame 40 one by one, so that the rear support leg 42 is clamped to the pair of rails 8 through the two pairs of rear bottom rollers 4C one by one.

[0077] The front pontoon 43 is fixed to the front part of the frame 40, and a buoyancy-to-weight ratio adjustment system 45, a pair of front pipe section sinking winches 46 and a pair of trolley mooring winches 47 are arranged in the front pontoon 43;

[0078] The rear buoyancy box 44 is fixed to the rear part of the frame 40, and is provided with a buoyancy ratio adjustment system 45, a pair of rear pipe section sinking winches 48, an operation room 49 and an oxygen supply device; the buoyancy ratio adjustment system 45 includes a water tank and a pumping and drainage pipe;

[0079] Step 3: First, connect the pair of front lifting ears and the pair of rear lifting ears on the upper part of the suspended tunnel pipe segment 1' to be installed to the steel wire ropes of the pair of front pipe segment sinking winches 46 and the pair of rear pipe segment sinking winches 48 on the installation trolley 4 through shackles, and then close the inlet end sealing door 11 and the pair of track groove sealing devices 8A (see Figure 8) and the outlet sealing door 12, and then water is injected into the outfitting room 32 through the water supply and drainage system 10, and at the same time, the buoyancy ratio of the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed and the buoyancy ratio of the installation trolley 4 are respectively adjusted through the buoyancy ratio adjustment system 45 set on the installation trolley 4 and the buoyancy ratio adjustment system in the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed, so that the buoyancy ratio of the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed is slightly less than 1, and the buoyancy ratio of the installation trolley 4 is slightly greater than 1, and the overall buoyancy ratio of the installation trolley 4 and the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed is slightly greater than 1, so as to ensure that the buoyancy of the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed is slightly less than the gravity, so that the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed does not need to provide additional vertical load during the installation diving process, and at the same time ensure that the installation trolley 4 always keeps the buoyancy greater than the gravity during the driving and pipe section installation process without sinking;

[0080] Step 4: First open the outlet sealing door 12 and a pair of track groove sealing devices 8A (see Fig. 9 ), and then control the installation trolley 4 to run along a pair of tracks 8 to the previously installed floating tunnel pipe section 1 (starting section tunnel 6) and then stop moving forward, and arrange a pair of temporary mooring piers 13 symmetrically along the two sides of the floating tunnel axis in front of the installation trolley 4, and connect the cables 130 on a pair of trolley mooring winches 47 on the installation trolley 4 to the pair of temporary mooring piers 13 in an eight-shaped manner (see Fig.10 ); prevent the installation trolley 4 from being offset due to the water flow when the cantilever moves forward and the pipe segment is installed; the temporary mooring pier 13 is a deep-water conductor frame + anchor cable structure, which can realize the turnover function. When the floating tunnel pipe segment 1 is installed and advanced forward for a certain distance, when the angle of the two cables 130 cannot meet the stability requirements of the installation trolley 4, the temporary mooring pier 13 can be pulled up and reinstalled;

[0081] Step 5: Control the two pairs of rear bottom rollers 4C of the installation trolley 4 to continue to move forward. During this process, the pair of front bottom rollers 4B of the installation trolley 4 remain stationary. The front and rear positions of the installation trolley 4 are controlled by adjusting the length and tension of the two cables 130 until the suspended tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed is delivered to the installation position (see Fig.11 );

[0082] Since the overall buoyancy weight ratio of the installation trolley 4 and the suspended tunnel pipe segment 1 is close to 1, the vertical load generated by the installation trolley 4 on the installed suspended tunnel pipe segment 1 is very small. At the same time, the selection of a reasonable water flow velocity period during the construction process can ensure the stability and safety of the installed suspended tunnel pipe segment 1.

[0083] Step 6: adjust the height and level of the suspended tunnel pipe segment 1' to be installed by installing a pair of front pipe segment lowering winches 46 and a pair of rear pipe segment lowering winches 48 on the trolley 4, and adjust the front and rear positions of the suspended tunnel pipe segment 1' to be installed by adjusting the front and rear positions of the trolley 4. At the same time, set a pulling and closing device on the previously installed suspended tunnel pipe segment 1 (starting section tunnel 6) to control the plane position of the suspended tunnel pipe segment 1' to be installed, so as to ensure that the suspended tunnel pipe segment 1' to be installed can be accurately docked and installed with the starting section tunnel 6 (the installed suspended tunnel pipe segment 1), and then unhook the pair of front pipe segment lowering winches 46 and the pair of rear pipe segment lowering winches 48 from the suspended tunnel pipe segment 1' to be installed, and finally connect the anchor chain 1A on the docked suspended tunnel pipe segment 1' to the anchor foundation fixed on the seabed (see Fig.12 );

[0084] Step 7: After the installation of the suspended tunnel pipe segment 1' is completed, the installation trolley 4 is first controlled to return to the outfitting room 32, the outlet sealing door 12 and the track groove sealing device 8A are closed, and the water in the outfitting room 32 is drained through the water supply and drainage system 10 to form a dry construction condition (see Fig.13 );

[0085] Step 8: Repeat steps 1 to 7 to install the subsequent sections of the suspended tunnel pipe segment to the last section of the suspended tunnel pipe segment. After all the suspended tunnel pipe segments 1 are installed, the installation trolley 4 is removed, the outlet of the outfitting room is sealed with cast-in-place reinforced concrete, and the construction of the cast-in-place reinforced concrete tunnel segment 3C is completed at the bottom of the jacking chamber 31 (see Fig.14 ) to achieve full penetration of the suspended tunnel.

[0086] The construction method of the anchored floating tunnel underwater section-by-section installation of the present invention is controlled in the operating room 49 on the installation trolley 4. The operating room 49 monitors the posture and force conditions of the installation trolley 4 through pressure sensors, inclinometers and videos, and controls a pair of front pipe section sinking winches 46 and a pair of rear pipe section sinking winches 48 on the installation trolley 4 and a pair of trolley mooring winches 47 to control the posture of the floating tunnel pipe section 1' to be installed, and controls the buoyancy ratio of the entire installation trolley 4 through the buoyancy ratio adjustment system 45 to balance the force of the installation trolley 4 underwater.

[0087] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the relevant technical field may make various changes or modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent technical solutions should also belong to the scope of the present invention and should be defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A construction method for underwater installation of an anchored floating tunnel section by section, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Step 1: First, transport the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed prefabricated on land to the shore-connected structure through the land slope tunnel; the shore-connected structure includes a jacking room located on the backwater side and an outfitting room located on the frontwater side, the outfitting room is provided with an installation trolley, and the outfitting room has an inlet and an outlet; Step 2: In the jacking chamber of the shore connection structure, the suspended tunnel pipe segments to be installed are sequentially loaded into the installation trolley by vertical and horizontal movement; Step three, first connect a pair of front lifting ears and a pair of rear lifting ears on the upper part of the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed to the steel wire ropes of a pair of front pipe segment sinking winches and a pair of rear pipe segment sinking winches on the installation trolley in a one-to-one correspondence, then close the inlet and outlet of the outfitting room in the shore-connected structure, and then fill water into the outfitting room, and at the same time adjust the buoyancy ratio of the installation trolley and the buoyancy ratio in the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed, so that the buoyancy ratio of the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed is less than 1, and the buoyancy ratio of the installation trolley is greater than 1, and the overall buoyancy ratio of the installation trolley and the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed is greater than 1; Step 4: first open the exit of the outfitting room, then control the installation trolley to run to the previously installed floating tunnel pipe section and then stop moving forward, arrange a pair of temporary mooring piers symmetrically along both sides of the tunnel axis in front of the installation trolley, and connect the cables on a pair of trolley mooring winches on the installation trolley to the pair of temporary mooring piers in an eight-shaped manner; Step 5: Control the installation trolley to continue moving forward. During this process, the front legs of the installation trolley remain stationary. By adjusting the length and tension of the two cables, the position of the installation trolley is controlled until the suspended tunnel pipe section to be installed is delivered to the installation position. Step 6: Adjust the height and level of the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed by installing a pair of front pipe segment lowering winches and a pair of rear pipe segment lowering winches on the trolley, and adjust the front and rear positions of the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed by adjusting the front and rear positions of the trolley to ensure that the suspended tunnel pipe segment to be installed can be docked and installed with the suspended tunnel pipe segment installed in the previous section; Step 7: First, control the installation trolley to return to the outfitting room, then close the outlet of the outfitting room, and then drain the water in the outfitting room to form dry construction conditions; Step eight, repeating steps one to seven to install subsequent sections of suspended tunnel pipe segments to the last section of suspended tunnel pipe segment.

2. The construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shore-connected structure is arranged on the bank slope and comprises an indoor part and an outdoor part; wherein, The indoor part is provided with the jacking chamber, partition wall and outfitting room in sequence from land to sea; a jacking device is installed at the bottom of the jacking chamber, the rear end of the jacking chamber is the water-receiving side wall of the indoor part, and the lower part of the water-receiving side wall is provided with an opening connected with the land slope section tunnel; the front end of the outfitting room is the water-facing side wall of the indoor part, and the lower part of the outfitting room is provided with a connecting section tunnel, and the rear port of the connecting section tunnel is connected with the jacking chamber; the inlet of the outfitting room is provided on the partition wall directly above the rear port of the connecting section tunnel, and the inlet of the outfitting room is blocked by an inlet end sealing door; the outlet of the outfitting room is provided on the water-facing side wall and is located directly above the front port of the connecting section tunnel, and the outlet of the outfitting room is blocked by an outlet end sealing door; a water supply and drainage system is installed between the outfitting room and the external water body; The outdoor part includes a starting section tunnel and a slope protection which are sequentially connected to the front end of the connecting section tunnel; the front end of the starting section tunnel is butted against the rear end of the suspended tunnel pipe section, and steel sealing doors are provided at the joints of the starting section tunnel and the connecting section tunnel as well as at the joints of the starting section tunnel and the suspended tunnel pipe section; both ends of the suspended tunnel pipe section are sealed with steel sealing doors; A pair of tracks are installed on the top surface of the connecting section tunnel and the top surface of the starting section tunnel, and the pair of tracks corresponds one-to-one to a pair of tracks arranged on the top surface of the floating tunnel pipe section; a pair of track groove sealing devices corresponding one-to-one to the pair of tracks are arranged at the bottom of the outlet of the outfitting room.

3. The construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The inlet sealing door is a steel plate structure; the outlet sealing door is a reinforced concrete caisson structure with multiple compartments; the outlet sealing door is composed of a bottom plate and surrounding side walls to form a caisson shell, and the caisson shell is divided into multiple compartments by a number of transverse partitions and a number of longitudinal partitions, and a number of through holes are provided on the transverse partitions and the longitudinal partitions at intervals along the height direction, and a connecting valve is installed in each through hole; the top elevation of the outlet sealing door is higher than the highest water level of the external water body + wave height + surplus height of 2 to 3m, the width of the outlet sealing door is the width of the outlet of the outfitting room + at least 8m, and the thickness of the outlet sealing door must meet the requirements of installation, removal and stability of the base.

4. The construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The track groove sealing device includes a steel shell for accommodating the track, a pair of hydraulic jacks and a pair of steel piston heads; the steel shell is embedded in the water-facing side wall; a pair of hydraulic jacks are horizontally and symmetrically installed on both sides of the steel shell; a pair of steel piston heads are symmetrically installed on the piston rods of a pair of hydraulic jacks, and a cavity that matches the side shape of the track is arranged on the front end surface of the pair of steel piston heads, and a rubber water stop strip is arranged on the surface of the cavity.

5. The construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The installation trolley includes a frame, front legs, rear legs, a front pontoon and a rear pontoon; wherein, The frame is a plane truss structure and includes a pair of longitudinal beams, a front cross beam and a rear cross beam; a track groove is provided on the bottom surface of the middle front part of the pair of longitudinal beams; The front legs are U-shaped and have a pair of top rollers on the top. The bottom of the front legs has a pair of front bottom rollers with driving devices, so that the front legs are buckled in the track grooves on the bottom surface of a pair of longitudinal beams of the frame through the pair of top rollers one by one, and the front legs are clamped on the pair of tracks through the pair of front bottom rollers one by one; The rear legs are fixed to the rear of a pair of longitudinal beams of the frame, and two pairs of rear bottom rollers with driving devices are provided at the bottom of the rear legs, so that the rear legs are clamped on a pair of rails through the two pairs of rear bottom rollers in a one-to-one correspondence; The front pontoon is fixed to the front of the frame, a buoyancy-to-weight ratio adjustment system is provided in the front pontoon, and a pair of front pipe section sinking winches and a pair of trolley mooring winches are also installed in the front pontoon; The rear pontoon is fixed to the rear part of the frame. A buoyancy-to-weight ratio adjustment system is arranged inside the rear pontoon. A pair of rear pipe section sinking and lowering winches are also installed inside the rear pontoon.

6. The construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel according to claim 5 is characterized in that: The rear legs of the mounting trolley include two parallel planar trusses, each of which includes a front column, a rear column and a lower longitudinal beam. Two bottom rollers with driving devices are correspondingly installed on the bottom surfaces of the lower longitudinal beams of the two planar trusses, and the front columns and rear columns of the two planar trusses are fixed one by one on the rear bottom surfaces of a pair of longitudinal beams of the frame.

7. The construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel according to claim 5 is characterized in that: An operating room and an oxygen supply device are also arranged in the rear buoyancy box of the installation trolley.

8. The construction method for underwater section-by-section installation of an anchored floating tunnel according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The temporary mooring pier is a deep-water conductor frame + anchor cable structure.

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