A cutting pick capable of reducing stick-slip vibration of a drill bit

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of drill bits, and particularly relates to a cutting tooth capable of reducing stick-slip vibration of a drill bit, comprising a hard alloy base and a polycrystalline diamond layer, the polycrystalline diamond layer having two flow guide grooves, two fan-shaped curved surfaces, a first plane and a second plane, the two fan-shaped curved surfaces forming an arc-shaped cutting edge with an outer edge of the polycrystalline diamond layer, the first plane, the second plane and the fourth flow guide groove plane forming a side ridge-shaped cutting edge, in use, the fan-shaped inlet of the flow guide groove first enters into the stratum, with the increase of the drilling pressure, the cutting depth of the cutting tooth gradually increases, the cutting unit gradually expands to the upper fan-shaped area, the middle part of the area has a ridge with a variable rake angle, which can ensure the increase of the cutting depth, but the increase amplitude of the cutting load is relatively small, the side ridge-shaped cutting edge further crushes the blocky rock debris, and the rock debris is discharged from the flow guide groove, thereby achieving the effect of strengthening cutting, so that the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit can be effectively reduced, and the drilling efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of drill bits, and in particular to a cutting tooth capable of reducing stick-slip vibration of the drill bit. Background Art

[0002] There are many types of downhole cutting tools, such as drill bits, including roller cone bits, drag bits, and milling tools. Drag bits whose cutting elements consist of a superhard cutting surface deposited or otherwise bonded to a substrate are known in the art as polycrystalline diamond compact bits.

[0003] Oil and gas exploration and development are increasingly moving toward deep and ultra-deep reservoirs. As well depth increases, rock hardness and plasticity increase, reducing drillability and significantly impacting drilling efficiency. Conventional cutter blades have a fixed rake angle when breaking rock, independent of cutting depth. Furthermore, increasing cutting depth increases cutting loads. Consequently, increasing weight on bit increases cutting loads, which can induce stick-slip vibration in the drill bit and reduce penetration speed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a cutting tooth capable of reducing the stick-slip vibration of a drill bit, thereby effectively reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit and improving drilling efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a cutting tooth capable of reducing the stick-slip vibration of a drill bit, comprising a cemented carbide substrate and a polycrystalline diamond layer, wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer is fixedly connected to the cemented carbide substrate and is located on the top of the cemented carbide substrate, the polycrystalline diamond layer having two guide grooves, two fan-shaped curved surfaces, a first plane and a second plane, the guide grooves comprising a first guide groove plane, a second guide groove plane, a third guide groove plane, a fourth guide groove plane and a fifth guide groove plane, the two fan-shaped curved surfaces and the outer edge of the polycrystalline diamond layer forming an arc-shaped cutting edge, and the first plane, the second plane and the fourth guide groove plane forming a side ridge-shaped cutting edge.

[0006] The angle between the first plane and the fourth guide groove plane is in the range of 20° to 179.8°.

[0007] Wherein, the included angle between the two guide grooves ranges from 10° to 145.8°.

[0008] The angle between the first plane and the horizontal plane is in the range of 90.1° to 145°.

[0009] The angle between the second plane and the horizontal plane is in the range of 145.1° to 179.9°.

[0010] The two fan-shaped curved surfaces form a ridge line, and the angle between the ridge line and the horizontal plane is in the range of 30° to 60°.

[0011] The cutting tooth capable of reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit provided by the present application has a cylindrical hard alloy base, a circular bottom of a polycrystalline diamond layer connected with the hard alloy base, a fan-shaped top of the polycrystalline diamond layer, and two elongated lines of the two flow guide grooves intersecting at the center of the two fan-shaped surfaces. The two flow guide grooves are connected by a ridge. There are two side ridge-shaped cutting edges. The arc-shaped cutting edge is arranged at a certain angle to first enter the stratum, can pre-crush the rock to form blocky cuttings, has a strong plowing effect, improves the crushing drilling performance of the diamond compact, reduces the cutting resistance, improves the mechanical drilling speed of the drilling tool, and further crushes the blocky cuttings to form smaller cuttings and plays a flow dividing role. The flow guide grooves play a role in guiding the discharge of the cuttings and a role in strengthening the cutting effect and further improving the cutting efficiency. In use, the fan-shaped inlet of the flow guide groove first enters the stratum. With the increase of the drilling pressure, the cutting depth of the cutting tooth gradually increases, and the cutting unit gradually expands to the upper fan-shaped area. The middle part of this area has a ridge with a variable rake angle, which can ensure the increase of the cutting depth but a smaller increase of the cutting load, thereby effectively reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit and improving the drilling efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained without creative labor on the basis of these drawings.

[0013] Fig. 1 It is a structure schematic diagram of the whole cutting tooth capable of reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit provided by the present application.

[0014] Fig. 2 It is a top view of the whole cutting tooth capable of reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit provided by the present application.

[0015] Fig. 3 It is another angle structure schematic diagram of the whole cutting tooth capable of reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit provided by the present application.

[0016] Fig. 4 It is a sectional view of the whole cutting tooth capable of reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit provided by the present application.

[0017] In the figure: 101-carbide substrate, 102-polycrystalline diamond layer, 103-guide groove, 104-sector-shaped surface, 105-first plane, 106-second plane, 107-first guide groove plane, 108-second guide groove plane, 109-third guide groove plane, 110-fourth guide groove plane, 111-fifth guide groove plane, 112-arc-shaped cutting edge, 113-side ridge-shaped cutting edge, 114-ridge line. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0019] See also Figs. 1 to 4 The present invention provides a cutting tooth capable of reducing stick-slip vibration of a drill bit:

[0020] The invention comprises a cemented carbide substrate 101 and a polycrystalline diamond layer 102, wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer 102 is fixedly connected to the cemented carbide substrate 101 and is located on the top of the cemented carbide substrate 101, and the polycrystalline diamond layer 102 has two guide grooves 103, two fan-shaped curved surfaces 104, a first plane 105 and a second plane 106, and the guide grooves 103 include a first guide groove plane 107, a second guide groove plane 108, a third guide groove plane 109, a fourth guide groove plane 110 and a fifth guide groove plane 111, the two fan-shaped curved surfaces 104 and the outer edge of the polycrystalline diamond layer 102 form an arc-shaped cutting edge 112, and the first plane 105, the second plane 106 and the fourth guide groove plane 110 form a side ridge cutting edge 113.

[0021] In this embodiment, the cemented carbide substrate 101 is cylindrical, the bottom of the polycrystalline diamond layer 102 is circular and connected to the cemented carbide substrate 101, the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer 102 is fan-shaped, the first guide groove plane 107, the second guide groove plane 108, the third guide groove plane 109, the fourth guide groove plane 110 and the fifth guide groove plane 111 constitute the guide groove 103, the extension lines of the two guide grooves 103 intersect at the center of the two fan-shaped curved surfaces 104, there is a ridge between the two guide grooves 103, there are two side ridge cutting edges 113, the arc-shaped cutting edge 112 first eats into the formation at a certain angle, can pre-crush the rock to form blocky rock cuttings, which has a relatively large The strong plowing effect improves the crushing and drilling performance of the diamond composite piece, reduces the cutting resistance, and increases the mechanical penetration speed of the drill tool. The two side ridge cutting edges 113 further crush the blocky rock chips as the drilling progresses, forming smaller rock chips and playing a diversion role. The guide groove 103 then plays a role in guiding the discharge of rock chips, thereby strengthening the cutting effect and further improving the cutting efficiency. When in use, the fan-shaped entrance of the guide groove 103 first eats into the formation. As the drilling pressure increases, the cutting depth of the cutting tooth gradually increases, and the cutting unit gradually expands to the upper fan-shaped area. There is a ridge with a variable forward rake angle in the middle of this area, which can ensure that the cutting depth increases, but the cutting load increase is small, thereby effectively reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit and improving the drilling efficiency.

[0022] Furthermore, the angle between the first plane 105 and the fourth guide groove plane 110 ranges from 20° to 179.8°.

[0023] Furthermore, the included angle between the two guide grooves 103 ranges from 10° to 145.8°.

[0024] Furthermore, the angle between the first plane 105 and the horizontal plane ranges from 90.1° to 145°.

[0025] Furthermore, the angle between the second plane 106 and the horizontal plane ranges from 145.1° to 179.9°.

[0026] Furthermore, the two fan-shaped curved surfaces 104 form a ridge line 114 , and the angle between the ridge line 114 and the horizontal plane ranges from 30° to 60°.

[0027] The cutting tooth capable of reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit, the lower end face edge of the hard alloy base body 101, the side ridge-shaped cutting edge 113 and the arc-shaped cutting edge 112 are all provided with chamfers or round corners, and the two surfaces of the cutting edges are connected by arc surfaces or non-arc surfaces, the hard alloy base body 101 is cylindrical, the bottom of the polycrystalline diamond layer 102 is circular and connected with the hard alloy base body 101, the top of the polycrystalline diamond layer 102 is fan-shaped, the extension lines of the two guide grooves 103 intersect at the centers of the two fan-shaped curved surfaces 104, and the two guide grooves 103 are ridges, the side ridge-shaped cutting edge 113 has two, in use, the fan-shaped entrances of the guide grooves 103 first eat into the stratum, with the increase of the drilling pressure, the cutting depth of the cutting tooth gradually increases, and the cutting unit gradually expands to the upper fan-shaped area, the middle part of the area has a ridge with a variable rake angle, which can ensure that the cutting depth increases, but the cutting load increases smaller, the two side ridge-shaped cutting edges 113 further crush the blocky rock debris during drilling, form smaller rock debris, and play a diversion role, the guide grooves 103 play a role in guiding the discharge of rock debris, and have the effects of strengthening cutting and improving cutting efficiency, the present application has the advantages of simple structure, and is suitable for the change of the drilling pressure amplitude during drilling, can reduce the rake angle and the cutting load under large cutting depth, and finally achieve the purpose that the drilling pressure amplitude changes, but the cutting load gain is not significant, thereby effectively reducing the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit and improving the drilling efficiency, and is particularly suitable for aggressive drilling operation.

[0028] The above only discloses one or more preferred embodiments of the present application, and cannot limit the scope of the rights of the present application, and those skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the above-mentioned embodiments can be implemented, and equivalent changes made according to the claims of the present application still belong to the scope covered by the present application.

Claims

1. A cutting tooth capable of reducing stick-slip vibration of a drill bit, characterized in that: The invention comprises a cemented carbide substrate and a polycrystalline diamond layer, wherein the polycrystalline diamond layer is fixedly connected to the cemented carbide substrate and is located on the top of the cemented carbide substrate. The polycrystalline diamond layer has two guide grooves, two fan-shaped curved surfaces, a first plane and a second plane. The guide grooves include a first guide groove plane, a second guide groove plane, a third guide groove plane, a fourth guide groove plane and a fifth guide groove plane. The two fan-shaped curved surfaces and the outer edge of the polycrystalline diamond layer form an arc-shaped cutting edge. The first plane, the second plane and the fourth guide groove plane form a side ridge-shaped cutting edge. There are two side ridge-shaped cutting edges between the two guide grooves. The included angle between the first plane and the fourth guide groove plane is in the range of 20° to 179.8°; The angle between the first plane and the horizontal plane is in the range of 90.1° to 145°; The angle between the second plane and the horizontal plane is in the range of 145.1° to 179.9°; The two fan-shaped curved surfaces form a ridge line, and the angle between the ridge line and the horizontal plane is in the range of 30° to 60°.

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