A substation secondary system based on three buses

Abstract

A kind of substation secondary system based on three buses, all secondary devices in which are divided into current module, voltage module, non-electric quantity parameter module, switching value module, multi-loop starting module, multi-loop opening module, multi-loop reclosing module, multi-loop closing module according to function, each module is connected with system bus through multi-path analog switch, multi-loop integration is carried out to each module, for the part that secondary device needs to contact with primary device, all adopt wireless contact.The present application carries out large-scale high integration to all secondary systems of whole station using the integration control technology of '' one to many '', and greatly compresses the number of various secondary devices in original substation.The communication mode between primary system and secondary system is changed into wireless wide area network communication mode, so that it can be removed from existing substation, and further reduce the floor space of substation.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the substation in the field of electric power, especially the secondary system of intelligent substation. BACKGROUND

[0002] "Economic development, electricity needs to go first" is a basic fact that is widely accepted by today's society, but with the continuous development of the national economy and the continuous improvement of people's living standards, the whole society's demand for electricity is getting bigger and bigger, accompanied by the tension of land supply, leading to the increasing difficulty of power grid construction. But the country's economic development and people's daily life are urgently needed for the power construction to keep up with the development of the times, so this raises a problem - how to reduce the land occupation on a large scale based on the existing substation. If the land occupation of the substation can be greatly reduced, the power industry can better serve the national economy and social development.

[0003] The existing substation, especially the intelligent station, although each secondary device has its own CPU, but only solves the calculation problem of the device, the function is too simple, so many CPUs are concentrated in a substation, which does not improve the intelligent level of the substation at all, but just a lot of simple CPU functions are repeated and stacked. Therefore, the current intelligent station does not have its own CPU (ie brain), and is not a truly intelligent station.

[0004] As shown in Figure 24 The existing intelligent substation is provided with a capacitor 1', a main transformer 2', a 10kV or 35kV switch room 4', a secondary device room 4', 110kV or 220kV or 500kV or 1000kV electrical primary equipment 5', and an internal road 6'.

[0005] In combination Figure 24 The shortcomings of the current intelligent station are summarized as follows:

[0006] 1. The secondary devices in the current substation are configured according to the line interval, either concentrated and placed together, occupying a secondary device room 4' with a large area, or scattered with the electrical primary equipment 5' and installed on each line switch cabinet. No matter which configuration method, there is a problem of repeated configuration of the same function, not to mention the problem of double configuration. In this way, even without the problem of double configuration, only the protection configuration causes a lot of equipment waste and land waste.

[0007] 2. In existing substation technology, although microprocessor-based protection systems are configured with their own CPUs, their functions are extremely simple, only meeting the needs of the corresponding functions of the switches in this bay. Even if all the microprocessor-based protection CPUs in a substation are centralized together, it is merely a collection of many simple-function CPUs, rather than forming a powerful CPU capable of uniformly commanding all secondary equipment in the entire substation.

[0008] 3. In the prior art, the starting circuit of the protection device is a set of protection circuits with a separate starting circuit, which are connected to the current and voltage transformers in their respective bays by wire (control cable or optical cable).

[0009] like Figure 25 The diagram shows the connection between the existing primary system and the secondary protection device via a wired connection, with a large current flowing through... Figure 25 The current transformers 1LH, 2LH, and LH0 in the upper left of the diagram convert the current into a small allowable current for the secondary system and connect it to the secondary protection device via wired connection (labeled 1n in the middle of the diagram). The high voltage of the primary system is converted into a low allowable voltage for the secondary system through voltage transformers (not shown in the diagram) and connected to YMa, YMb, YMc, YMn, and YM0 in the lower left of the diagram, and connected to the secondary protection device via wired connection (1n in the diagram).

[0010] The existing system, where each protection device has its own starting circuit and is wired to the current and voltage transformers in its respective bay, requires a number of protection devices and starting circuits equal to the number of bays. This means each protection device can only protect a specific line, not multiple lines simultaneously. This necessitates numerous redundant wiring connections and the redundant configuration of many similar or identical protection devices, resulting in significant resource waste. It also limits the large-scale development of substations, and the issue of substation land use remains prominent.

[0011] 4. In existing technologies, to improve line reliability and avoid unnecessary power outages caused by momentary faults, reclosing devices are generally installed on each line (some special lines, such as those connecting main transformers and capacitor banks, do not have reclosing devices). However, considering the arc-extinguishing factor of the switch, it is stipulated that the reclosing device can only operate once, and the next operation must wait for a specified time. This configuration of reclosing devices results in a waste of reclosing resource allocation, and the restriction of only one operation within a specified time limits the wider application of reclosing devices.

[0012] 5. In existing technologies, the control circuits of switches are generally configured according to switch units, that is, one control circuit is assigned to each switch for opening and closing operations. However, sometimes there are switches that operate by phase, requiring control circuits to be configured by phase, that is, each phase requires three control circuits. This requires no fewer control circuits than the number of switch bays, resulting in new material waste.

[0013] The existing opening and closing execution circuits are configured according to the switch unit. All switches that need to be opened and closed are equipped with a complete opening and closing control circuit. The control circuit controls its respective opening and closing execution circuit through a wired means such as a control cable to finally complete the opening and closing operation.

[0014] 6. In existing technologies, the acquisition and input of switch signals are all connected to the protection device via wired means (control cables or optical fibers). See also... Figure 1 This is the schematic diagram of the existing switch input. Figure 1 DL and GWK are position switches for circuit breakers and various disconnect switches. These position switches are connected to secondary equipment via wired connections. Figure 1 Connected to 1n). Summary of the Invention

[0015] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is how to further reduce the footprint of smart substations on a large scale and significantly improve the intelligence level of smart substations.

[0016] The present invention solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical means: a substation secondary system based on a three-bus system. The new secondary system adopts a "three-bus" structure and all secondary equipment is divided into the following according to function: current module (1), voltage module (2), non-electrical quantity parameter module (3), switch quantity module (4), multi-circuit start module (5), multi-circuit trip module (6), multi-circuit reclosing module (7), and multi-circuit closing module (8). Each module is connected to the system bus (10) through a multi-channel analog switch (9). Multi-circuit integration is performed on each module. For the part of the secondary equipment that needs to communicate with the primary equipment, all communication is carried out through a wide area wireless network.

[0017] Among them, the current module (1) and voltage module (2) integrate the current and voltage of the entire station, the non-electrical quantity parameter module (3) integrates the non-electrical quantity parameters of the entire station, and the switching quantity module (4) integrates all the switching quantities that need to be transmitted in the entire station. The current module (1), voltage module (2), non-electrical quantity parameter module (3), and switching quantity module (4) are connected via a wireless wide area network (such as... Figure 26 )and Figure 24 The device communicates with the primary equipment (in this invention, inside a GIS sealed tank) to obtain relevant information such as current, voltage, non-electrical quantity, and switching quantity.

[0018] The advantages of the present application are:

[0019] 1、The present application uses the unique "one-to-many" integrated control technology to compress the number of secondary devices in the original substation and remove them from the existing substation, further reducing the floor space of the substation.

[0020] 2、The primary system and secondary system of the substation are separated and the data is transmitted wirelessly. Under the existing substation technology conditions, the primary system and secondary system are arranged in the substation, and the primary system is arranged in the substation, and the secondary system is separated from the substation and can be located far away from the substation. The communication mode between the primary system and the secondary system is changed from the wired communication mode under the existing technology conditions to the wireless wide area network communication mode. In this way, the floor area of the substation is further reduced.

[0021] 3、The secondary system adopts a "three-bus" structure mode. The CPU commands all secondary systems in the substation, and the intelligent level of the secondary system of the existing substation is greatly improved. From the perspective of safe operation of the power grid, the application recommends the use of domestic CPUs such as Loongson CPU and other products. Since domestic CPUs are used, network "hackers" can be prevented from invading and damaging the communication network of the substation, and the safe and reliable operation of the power grid can be more effectively ensured. However, this does not mean that the use of other types of CPUs will have substantial technical differences with the present application. Regardless of the type of CPU used, the technical route is consistent with the present application.

[0022] Since the "current and voltage module", "switching value module", "non-electricity module", "multi-loop starting module" and other new modules of the present application are all connected to the "three-bus", the data between the modules and the CPU is processed using DMA, which speeds up the data processing speed. At the same time, other data processing methods are compatible.

[0023] 4、The technical scheme of the multi-loop starting module has corresponding action signals issued regardless of any loop starting overcurrent or speed breaking. Regardless of how many loops have faults, the multi-loop starting module can reflect the faults in the first time, and then overcurrent and speed breaking are distinguished according to the judgment conditions, and the overcurrent protection is started for the loop that meets the overcurrent judgment condition, and the speed breaking protection is started for the loop that meets the speed breaking judgment condition; for the loop without any fault, return to continue measurement. This realizes the function of starting the same protection loop for multiple primary loops, which can save a lot of repeated configuration of protection devices. For different principles of protection, only the relevant judgment method needs to be modified, without the need to make substantial modifications to the hardware structure of the starting system.

[0024] 5. The multi-circuit tripping module solution eliminates the need for a separate tripping control circuit per switch. After overcurrent or instantaneous overcurrent protection trips, the tripping signal is directly sent to the overcurrent tripping bus and instantaneous overcurrent tripping bus in the multi-circuit tripping module. These two buses connect to all switches requiring tripping in the entire station (the outgoing circuits connected to the two buses are identical). Theoretically, the tripping signal can trip all switches in the station once it reaches the tripping bus; however, which switches are tripped and which are not depends on the specific operating status of each switch. This significantly reduces wiring and material waste. Furthermore, the wireless network enables remote wireless tripping, saving substantial amounts of control cables and fiber optic cables, eliminating the need for dedicated secondary cable trenches, and greatly reducing land waste.

[0025] 6. For all lines requiring reclosing, the trip position signal, after passing through a multi-circuit counter and timer, is connected to the input of the fifth OR gate. This ensures that reclosing can be initiated regardless of how many switches are tripped simultaneously, even if there is a time difference between the tripped switches, and no matter how small that time difference is. This eliminates the need to equip every line with a reclosing device, greatly reducing the waste of reclosing resources and removing the restriction of only one operation within a specified time, significantly expanding the application scope of reclosing. However, removing the limitations on the number of reclosing operations and the time interval does not mean that the original limitations on reclosing were unreasonable; on the contrary, the original limitations were correct. We have simply changed the way these limitations are implemented. Now, while we have removed the limitations on the number of reclosing operations and the time interval, we have placed these limitations within specific circuits, such as... Figure 7 , Figure 21 and Figure 22 As shown. This means that regardless of how the reclosing device operates, the switches in the specific circuit must still adhere to the regulations regarding the number of operations and the time interval between operations. This change is possible because previously, one switch was paired with one reclosing device, so specific regulations for reclosing were required. However, now that we only have one reclosing device for the entire station, the existing regulations for reclosing are no longer suitable, so the relevant regulations have been transformed into requirements for specific circuits.

[0026] 7、Adopted this multi-loop closing module technical scheme, cancelled the existing one switch configuration one closing control loop, the multi-loop reclosing module reclosing action export connects the reclosing action bus of this multi-loop closing module, the reclosing action bus is connected with all the switch control loops needing to be reclosed, in principle, it is possible to close all switches on the reclosing action bus. But specific closing which switch, not closing which switch still needs to be determined by the specific operating state of each switch, through the second AND gate to determine which switch to close. Greatly reduce the wiring and material waste, further reduce the occupation of substation; In addition, through the wireless network to start the closing loop in the switch mechanism, realize the remote wireless closing process, save a lot of control cable and optical cable, without special construction of secondary cable trench, greatly reduce the waste of land. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 is the input principle diagram of the existing switch quantity;

[0028] Figure 2 is the principle diagram of the existing power system;

[0029] Figure 3 is the whole station protection configuration principle diagram of the assembled intelligent substation of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 is Figure 3 the amplification principle diagram of the current module, voltage module and non-electric quantity parameter module in;

[0031] Figure 5 is the amplification principle diagram of the switch quantity module in; Figure 3

[0032] Figure 6 is the overall connection diagram of each module of the assembled intelligent substation of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 is the overall pin connection diagram of each module of the assembled intelligent substation of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 is the connection principle diagram of the multi-loop starting module of the embodiment of the present application;

[0035] Figure 9 is the appearance pin diagram of the multi-loop starting module of the embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figure 10 is the connection principle diagram of the multi-loop opening module of the embodiment of the present application;

[0037] Figure 11 is the appearance pin diagram of the multi-loop opening module of the embodiment of the present application; ​

[0038] Figure 12 is Figure 10 is an enlarged view of the or gate connection relationship in circuit 1 in

[0039] Figure 13 is a closing execution circuit principle diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] Figure 14 is a connection principle diagram of a multi-circuit reclosing module of an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] Figure 15 is an appearance pin diagram of a multi-circuit reclosing module of an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 16 is an enlarged view of the or gate connection relationship in circuit 1 in Figure 14

[0043] Figure 17 is a connection principle diagram of a multi-circuit closing module of an embodiment of the present application;

[0044] Figure 18 is an appearance pin diagram of a multi-circuit closing module of an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] Figure 19 is an enlarged view of the or gate connection relationship in circuit 1 in Figure 17

[0046] Figure 20 is a closing execution circuit principle diagram of an embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Figure 21 is a connection principle diagram of a multi-circuit timing counter of an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] Figure 22 is a connection principle diagram of a single timing counting unit of an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] Figure 23 is an appearance pin diagram of a multi-circuit timing counter of an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] Figure 24 is a typical plane layout diagram of an existing intelligent substation;

[0051] Figure 25 is a connection diagram of an existing primary system to secondary protection device;

[0052] Figure 26 is a substation wireless sensor network (SAS) diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] ​​In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some but not all of the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0054] Embodiment one

[0055] Referring to Figure 3 As shown in the figure, the assembled intelligent substation divides all secondary devices according to functions into: current module 1, voltage module 2, non-electric quantity parameter module 3, switching quantity module 4, multi-circuit starting module 5, multi-circuit opening module 6, multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and multi-circuit closing module 8. Each module is connected with a system bus 10 through a multi-way analog switch 9. Multi-circuit integration is performed on each module, and for the part that needs to be connected with the primary part, a wide-area wireless network is used for connection. Of course, as the common knowledge of those skilled in the art, the form of the wide-area wireless network is various, such as GPRS wireless communication, or CDMA, infrasound wave communication, neutrino communication, and 5G network wireless communication. For example, the current module 1 and the voltage module 2 need to be connected with the transformer of the primary device. The prior art uses control cable or optical cable to connect the current module 1 and the voltage module 2 with the transformer by wire. The present application uses a wireless communication module (hereinafter referred to as the module, the same below) to set the wireless communication module in the current module 1 and the voltage module 2, and also set the wireless communication module in the transformer to connect through the wireless network. For another example, the switching quantity module 4 needs to be connected with the switching mechanism. The prior art uses a wired connection method, and the present application also uses a wireless connection method. For another example, the multi-circuit opening module 6, the multi-circuit reclosing module 7, and the multi-circuit closing module 8 are connected with the switching opening and closing mechanism. The prior art is wired connection, and the present application is wireless connection. That is, each part of the secondary devices of the assembled intelligent substation is provided with a wireless communication module. In order to make the present application adapt to various different wireless network forms, the present application uses a "multi-network fusion" gateway structure. For details, please refer to: Sun Peng, Sun Lijuan, Huang Junjie, et al. Wireless sensor network gateway design of multi-network fusion [J] Network security technology and application, 2012, (8): 8-10.

[0056] At the same time, referring to Figure 4 , 5As shown, the current module 1, the voltage module 2, the non-electric quantity parameter module 3, the switching quantity module 4, the multi-circuit starting module 5, the multi-circuit opening module 6, the multi-circuit reclosing module 7, the multi-circuit closing module 8 are connected to the system bus 10 of the computer as the peripheral part of the computer through the multi-path analog switch 9. The current module 1 and the voltage module 2 integrate the current and voltage of the whole station, and the number of the modules reserved is slightly more than the number of the current and voltage to be transmitted by the whole station; the non-electric quantity parameter module 3 integrates the non-electric quantity parameters of the whole station, such as temperature, frequency, angle, gas and the like; the switching quantity module 4 integrates all the switching quantities to be transmitted by the whole station, and has a certain number of standby quantities; the multi-circuit starting module 5 is provided with the current input circuit whose number is slightly more than the number of all the lines of the whole station.

[0057] In the following detailed principle description, the overcurrent protection and the instantaneous trip protection of the simplest current module 1 are taken as examples for description, and the protection types of other types of principles, such as the protection types of the voltage module 2, the parameter module 3 and the switching quantity module 4, are calculated based on the most basic elements of current and voltage. The protection type of the voltage module 2 is basically the same as that of the current module 1. If other types of protection are encountered, the current and voltage collected are calculated according to the requirements of the protection principle to obtain the results required by the type of protection. As an example for description, the simplest current protection is taken as an example to explain the problem.

[0058] The intelligent substation system adopts the DMA data transmission mode, and the CPU is connected to the system bus 10. After the permission of the CPU is obtained, the system directly transmits the data between the memory and the peripheral device under the command of the DMA, and each peripheral device obtains the current value, the protection action information, the opening and closing position information of the switch and other information from the system bus 10. The peripheral device can include but is not limited to the following types in addition to the above-mentioned secondary devices: memory, display, printer, serial port, floppy disk, hard disk, wired communication module, controller.

[0059] Meanwhile, referring to Figure 6 and Figure 7 , the overall working principle of the assembled intelligent substation of the present application is as follows:

[0060] After the multi-circuit starting module 5 obtains the current from the current module 1 through the multi-path analog switch 9, fault analysis and judgment can be performed. If the multi-circuit starting module 5 judges that there is a fault, an over-current trip or instantaneous trip signal is directly sent to the multi-circuit tripping module 6, which judges which circuits have faults, and then, according to the protection action of each line, the tripping action is finally completed through the wireless sensor. The action signal of the protection and the position signal of the switch are sent to the multi-circuit reclosing module 7, which starts the reclosing according to the set starting condition. According to the technical requirements of the application, the reclosing in the application has the feature of "no rejection of the coming", that is, no matter how many lines have tripped due to faults or how short the interval between two faults is, as long as the starting condition is met, the reclosing will start immediately and the outlet will be closed. The reclosing outlet is directly connected to the multi-circuit closing module 8. In the multi-circuit closing module 8, a state check before closing is performed on all circuits, and only the switch that has been protected from tripping and is in the tripped state and has been tripped by the protection no more than once within a specified time range can be successfully reclosed by the reclosing. For other switches that meet the conditions but have been tripped by the protection more than once within the specified time range, the reclosing will not be performed.

[0061] The above process is a process from protection starting to tripping and then to reclosing starting and finally to closing of the switch in the substation, and is not the entire process of the substation. Through the system construction of the assembled intelligent substation of the application, in addition to the process from protection starting to tripping and then to reclosing starting and finally to closing of the switch, the running program of the CPU also considers more related regulations and specifications of the substation operation and artificial intelligence and other related contents. Therefore, the automation level and the intelligent level of the new substation will be more advanced, more reliable and higher than those of all existing intelligent stations, and not just the accumulation of many simple functions of the CPU.

[0062] Since the protection principles of various substations are realized through software, the primary and secondary structures of substations of any form are the same, and the difference lies in the protection principles. By using the application, the basic framework of the application is the same for substations of any voltage level and with any protection principle, and especially the framework of the secondary part is the same. The difference is that the running program in the CPU can be set according to different situations, which lays a technical foundation for standardization and customization of substations.

[0063] The specific introduction of each part of the assembled intelligent substation is as follows.

[0064] I. Current module 1, voltage module 2, non-electric quantity parameter module 3, switch quantity module 4, multi-path analog switch 9, system bus 10

[0065] The current module 1 and the voltage module 2 are responsible for receiving the current voltage value from the primary system, to complete this task, the prior art is connected to the primary device and the secondary device by wired mode, and the wired mode needs to leave a certain building space for the secondary device in the substation, which increases the land occupation of the substation, therefore, the current on the secondary side of the mutual inductor is transmitted to the device of the application in a wireless mode.

[0066] The function of the traditional current transformer is to change the large current on the primary side into small current on the secondary side. Under the existing technical conditions, the secondary side measurement output end is directly connected to the current coil of the related secondary device by wired mode, but in the application, the secondary side measurement output end of the current sensor is directly connected to the GPRS module (the application takes the GPRS network as an example to explain the problem, and does not exclude other forms of wide area network, such as CDMA and 5G network forms, the application adopts a multi-network fusion gateway design, which can be compatible with other forms of wide area network.), and the current is transmitted to the receiving end of the application through the GPRS network. The SIM card is used to confirm which line and which phase of the current is transmitted. The same GPRS module is also configured on the receiving end. In this way, the current of the primary system can be accurately and correctly transmitted to the receiving end. When the transmitted current is input into the GPRS module, the GPRS module performs wireless communication. In the receiving end, since the number of currents required to be transmitted in the whole substation is large, multiple GPRS modules are integrated together to form the current module 1. The received current is led out by the GPRS module, and since the number of currents required to be transmitted in the whole station is large, it is impossible to directly connect each current to the system bus 10, so all the currents are connected to the multi-channel analog switch 9, and the multi-channel analog switch 9 is connected to the system bus 10.

[0067] The function of the traditional voltage sensor is to change the high voltage on the primary side into low voltage on the secondary side. The existing technology is to connect the voltage on the secondary side resistance Rm of the voltage sensor to the voltage coil of the secondary device by wired mode. The application is to directly connect the voltage on the secondary side resistance Rm of the voltage sensor to the GPRS module, and the GPRS module performs wireless communication. The receiving end is processed in the same way as the current receiving end.

[0068] At the same time, there are also some non-electric quantities that need to be transmitted in the substation, such as temperature, pressure, frequency and gas, etc. physical quantities, using the corresponding sensor (such as temperature sensor, pressure sensor, etc.), also using the above method, forming a non-electric quantity parameter module 3, realizing the wireless transmission of non-electric quantity.

[0069] The existing principle of introducing external switching quantity into the computer is as shown in Figure 1 , that is, the external switching quantity is connected to the input / output interface (I / O interface) of the computer after photoelectric coupling by wired mode,Figure 1 PA0) in the prior art; in the present application, the PA0 in the prior art is removed, and a GPRS module is connected at the output end of the optocoupler. In the receiving end, a plurality of GPRS modules are integrated together to form a switching value module 4. The outlets of the GPRS modules are connected with a computer bus 10 through a multi-channel analog switch 9, so that the wireless transmission of the switching value is realized. Figure 1

[0070] Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5 In the embodiment, the current module 1, the voltage module 2, the non-electric quantity parameter module 3 and the switching value module 4 are all provided with a GPRS module MC35i, and a plurality of SIM card slots corresponding to different loops are provided, and the SIM cards in the different loops in the plurality of SIM card slots are respectively connected to the GPRS module, and the SIM cards in the different loops are respectively connected to the multi-channel analog switch 9, wherein each module has a separate multi-channel analog switch 9, or the multi-channel analog switches 9 of each module can be integrated into one multi-channel analog switch 9, and the GPRS module and the multi-channel analog switch 9 are connected to the system bus 10.

[0071] The multi-channel analog switch 9 can adopt a multi-channel analog switch with a model number of TP0164, which can access 64 channels of signals at the same time. The TP0164 is a multi-channel analog switch chip with a function of selecting one of 64 input pins as an output. This function can be a bidirectional analog output (input) or a unidirectional digital output signal. It has a low on-resistance, and the on-resistance remains relatively stable in the entire input signal range. The analog switch mainly completes the signal switching function in the signal link. The switching mode of the MOS tube realizes the closing or opening of the signal link, and since its function is similar to that of a switch, it is realized by the characteristics of an analog device, becoming an analog switch.

[0072] The system bus 10 includes an address bus, a data bus and a control bus.

[0073] The following takes the overcurrent protection and the instantaneous trip protection as examples for description, and the principles are similar when other signals such as voltage signals and frequency signals need to be judged.

[0074] II. Multi-loop starting module 5

[0075] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 The multi-loop starting module 5 of the embodiment of the present application is connected with the system bus 10 through the multi-channel analog switch 9, and the input of the multi-loop starting module 5 is provided with a current input through the system bus 10 by the multi-channel analog switch 9.

[0076] ​The multi-loop starting module 5 comprises a multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52, a multi-loop instantaneous breaking discrimination unit 53, and a plurality of action signal generators, including an instantaneous breaking action signal generator 541 and an overcurrent action signal generator 542.

[0077] The input of the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52 is provided with current input by the multi-way analog switch 9 through the system bus 10. A plurality of overcurrent discrimination loops are integrated in the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52, Figure 8 The plurality of overcurrent discrimination loops from left to right are the first overcurrent discrimination loop, the second overcurrent discrimination loop, and the nth overcurrent discrimination loop, and the number of overcurrent discrimination loops is consistent with the number of current loops input by the multi-way analog switch 9.

[0078] The discrimination principle of the overcurrent discrimination loop is that each overcurrent discrimination loop has a preset overcurrent limit value suitable for the loop, and all currents entering the overcurrent discrimination loop are compared with the overcurrent limit value. If the input current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent limit value set for the loop, the next link multi-loop instantaneous breaking discrimination unit 53 is entered for instantaneous breaking action discrimination; if the input current is less than the overcurrent limit value set for the loop, it is indicated that the loop is normal, and thus the multi-loop instantaneous breaking discrimination unit 53 is not entered, but the input end of the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52 is returned to re-measure.

[0079] The multi-loop instantaneous breaking discrimination unit 53 integrates a plurality of instantaneous breaking discrimination loops 531, Figure 8 The plurality of instantaneous breaking discrimination loops 531 from left to right are the first instantaneous breaking discrimination loop, the second instantaneous breaking discrimination loop, and the nth instantaneous breaking discrimination loop, and the number of instantaneous breaking discrimination loops 531 is consistent with the number of overcurrent discrimination loops in the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit 52. The input end of each instantaneous breaking discrimination loop 531 is connected to the output end of an overcurrent discrimination loop, such as the input end of the first instantaneous breaking discrimination loop being connected to the output end of the first overcurrent discrimination loop, the input end of the second instantaneous breaking discrimination loop being connected to the output end of the second overcurrent discrimination loop, and the input end of the nth instantaneous breaking discrimination loop being connected to the output end of the nth overcurrent discrimination loop.

[0080] The principle of the instantaneous discrimination circuit 531 is that there is a preset instantaneous current setting value suitable for the line in each instantaneous discrimination circuit 531, and all the currents entering the instantaneous discrimination circuit 531 are compared with the instantaneous current setting value. If the input current is greater than or equal to the instantaneous current setting value of the line, it means that there is a fault near the line, and the fault needs to be quickly removed, so the next stage of the instantaneous action signal generator 541 is started, and the instantaneous action signal generator 541 sends an instantaneous action signal and an instantaneous trip pulse; if the input current is less than the instantaneous current setting value of the line, it means that there is no fault near the line, there is a fault far from the line or there is no fault in the line, and only the current increases in a certain time, so the next stage of the overcurrent action signal generator 542 and the timing device are entered. If the overcurrent phenomenon disappears within the set time range, no action and tripping will be taken, and if the overcurrent phenomenon still exists within the set time range, it means that there is a fault far from the line, and the fault needs to be removed, so the overcurrent action signal generator 542 is started, and an overcurrent action signal and an overcurrent trip pulse are sent.

[0081] The input end of each instantaneous action signal generator 541 is connected to the first output end of the corresponding instantaneous discrimination circuit 531, the first output end of each instantaneous action signal generator 541 outputs an instantaneous action signal, and the second output end of all instantaneous action signal generators 541 is connected to the input end of the first or gate at the same time, the output end of the first or gate outputs an instantaneous trip signal, and is connected to the instantaneous trip bus of the multi-circuit opening module 6.

[0082] The input end of each overcurrent action signal generator 542 is connected to the second output end of the corresponding instantaneous discrimination circuit 531, the first output end of each overcurrent action signal generator 542 outputs an overcurrent action signal, and the second output end of all overcurrent action signal generators 542 is connected to a timing device 561 respectively, and the output end of all timing devices 561 is connected to the input end of the second or gate at the same time, the output end of the second or gate outputs an overcurrent trip signal, and is connected to the overcurrent trip bus of the multi-circuit opening module 6. All timing devices 561 are connected to the corresponding output end of the timing and counting module, see Figure 6 and Figure 7 The timing and counting module will be introduced later.

[0083] When the quick-break discrimination circuit 531 performs quick-break discrimination, if the quick-break discrimination condition is met, the quick-break discrimination circuit 531 exports from the multi-circuit quick-break discrimination unit 53, starts the quick-break action signal generator 541 of the respective circuit, and the quick-break action signal generator 541 sends the quick-break action signal to the first OR gate. The first OR gate exports to the quick-break trip bus of the multi-circuit tripping module 6 to prepare for tripping. The first output of the quick-break action signal generator 541 sends the quick-break action signal to the multi-circuit tripping module 6 and the multi-circuit closing module 7, and sends an alarm to the electrical operator to handle the fault in time. If the quick-break discrimination condition is not met, the over-current action signal generator 542 of the respective circuit is started, the first output of the over-current action signal generator 542 sends the over-current action signal to other circuits, and sends an alarm to the electrical operator to handle the fault in time. The second output of the over-current action signal generator 542 outputs the over-current trip signal, which is sent to the OR gate after being processed by the timing device 561. The output of the timing device 561 is connected to the second OR gate, and the second OR gate exports to the over-current trip bus of the multi-circuit tripping module 6 to prepare for tripping.

[0084] Generally, the quick-break discrimination current I1 is greater than the over-current discrimination current I3, so that the over-current action condition is not necessarily met. However, if the quick-break action condition is met, the over-current action condition is necessarily met. However, since the quick-break action time is short and the over-current action time is long, the quick-break action is performed first. The timing device 561 is set to: if the fault is removed, the over-current does not act, and if the fault is not removed within the over-current action time, the over-current acts again.

[0085] The over-current action time of the timing device 561 is introduced from the OUT2 export of the 8254 chip in the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 (at this time, the three CLK and GATE of the 8254 chip need to be connected together, so that OUT2 has output). All over-current protection exports pass through the second OR gate to form an over-current export connected to the over-current trip bus in the multi-circuit tripping module 6. All quick-break protection exports pass through the first OR gate to form a quick-break export connected to the quick-break trip bus in the multi-circuit tripping module 6. After the over-current protection or quick-break protection of each line acts, the n-circuit over-current protection action or n-circuit quick-break protection action signal is sent to the multi-circuit tripping module 6 and the multi-circuit closing module 7, respectively, as one of the tripping basis or as one of the closing start conditions.

[0086] With the technical scheme, no matter what overcurrent or instantaneous trip occurs in any loop, the corresponding action signal is sent. No matter how many loops have what kind of fault, the fault can be reflected in the multi-loop starting module 5 at the first time, then overcurrent and instantaneous trip are discriminated according to the discrimination conditions, the loop meeting the overcurrent discrimination condition starts overcurrent protection, the loop meeting the instantaneous trip discrimination condition starts instantaneous trip protection, and the loop without any fault returns to continue measurement.

[0087] The application realizes the function of starting the same protection loop by multiple primary loops, thereby saving many repeatedly configured protection devices. The protection principle can be calculated according to the existing protection principle, for example, the current protection, the currents of the loops are introduced directly, then compared and judged, if the comparison result is less than the protection setting value, no tripping is exported and measurement is continued, if the current value is greater than the overcurrent protection setting value, instantaneous trip protection is judged, if the current value is less than the instantaneous trip protection action setting value, overcurrent protection exports tripping after a set time, if the current value is greater than the instantaneous trip protection action setting value, instantaneous trip protection exports tripping immediately. If it is impedance protection, the formula is used for calculation, if it is power protection, the formula is used for calculation, if it is high frequency principle protection, the frequency signal needs to be introduced into the discrimination process and the discrimination condition is modified appropriately, etc. The power factor angle , frequency f, etc. are provided by the non-electric quantity module. In summary, for different principles of protection, only the related judgment method needs to be modified, without the need of making great modification to the hardware structure of the starting system, thereby greatly reducing the repeated connection of the wires and the floor area of the power equipment.

[0088] III. Multi-loop tripping module 6

[0089] Please refer to Figure 10 , Figure 11 , Figure 12 , the multi-loop tripping module 6 in the embodiment of the application includes an overcurrent tripping bus 601, an instantaneous trip bus 602, a plurality of first AND gates 603, a third OR gate 604 and a tripping GPRS unit 605.

[0090] Please refer to Figure 12Two first AND gates 603 and one third OR gate 604 are provided for each circuit, one of the first AND gates 603 has three input ends and one output end: the first input end is connected to the over-current action signal generator 542 of the multi-circuit starting module 5, the input over-current action signal generator 542 sends over-current action signal, the second input end is connected to the over-current tripping bus 601, and the third input end is connected to the output end of the corresponding circuit of the multi-path analog switch 9, and the output end is connected to one input end of the third OR gate 604, the other first AND gate 603 has three input ends and one output end: the first input end is connected to the instantaneous tripping signal generator 541 of the multi-circuit starting module 5, the second input end is connected to the instantaneous tripping bus 602, and the third input end is connected to the output end of the corresponding circuit of the multi-path analog switch 9, and the output end is connected to the other input end of the third OR gate, and the output end of the third OR gate 604 is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding channel switch of the tripping GPRS unit 605. The over-current tripping signal and the instantaneous tripping signal of the over-current tripping bus 601 and the instantaneous tripping bus 602 come from the multi-circuit starting module 5.

[0091] When the over-current action signal generator 542 of the multi-circuit starting module 5 sends the over-current action signal to the first input end of the first AND gate 603 of the corresponding circuit of the multi-circuit tripping module 6, when the over-current protection outlet of the multi-circuit starting module 5, the over-current tripping instruction is sent to the over-current tripping bus 601, and then sent to the second input end of the first AND gate 603, at this time, in principle, all switches can be tripped, but which switches are actually tripped depends on whether each line has the tripping condition, that is, the third input end of the first AND gate 603 obtains the switch position signal of the switch that needs to be closed from the multi-path analog switch 9.

[0092] When the instantaneous tripping signal generator 541 of the multi-circuit starting module 5 sends the instantaneous tripping signal to the first input end of the other first AND gate 603 of the corresponding circuit, when the instantaneous tripping protection outlet of the multi-circuit starting module 5, the instantaneous tripping instruction is sent to the instantaneous tripping bus 602, and then sent to the second input end of the first AND gate 603, at this time, in principle, all switches can be tripped, but which switches are actually tripped depends on whether each line has the tripping condition, that is, the third input end of the first AND gate 603 obtains the switch position signal of the switch that needs to be closed from the multi-path analog switch 9.

[0093] The tripping GPRS unit 605 integrates the GPRS module corresponding to each switch, and the output end of the third OR gate 604 of each circuit is connected to the GPRS module corresponding to the switch circuit. Figure 13 The tripping GPRS unit 605 is wirelessly connected to the GPRS module inside the tripping execution circuit in the GPRS module through the GPRS module, so as to control the tripping of the switch. Figure 13This invention utilizes a switch-opening mechanism with wireless communication capabilities. Unlike existing switch-opening mechanisms, it incorporates a GPRS module, eliminating the need for wired connections and saving significant amounts of cabling and cabling space. This switch-opening mechanism is integrated with the switch body, and in this invention, it is housed within a GIS sealed container. The connection between the opening mechanism and the secondary system differs from existing technologies, which use wired connections, and from this invention, a wireless connection.

[0094] Taking loop 1 as an example, that is Figure 10 The leftmost loop has one first AND gate 603 with three inputs and one output: the first input is connected to the overcurrent action signal generator 542 of the multi-loop start-up module 5, the second input is connected to the overcurrent trip bus 601, and the third input is connected to the output of loop 1 of the multi-channel analog switch 9. The other first AND gate 603 also has three inputs and one output: the first input is connected to the instantaneous trip action signal generator 541 of the multi-loop start-up module 5, the second input is connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602, and the third input is connected to the output of loop 1 of the multi-channel analog switch 9. When the overcurrent action signal generator 542 of the loop 1 of the multi-loop start-up module 5 issues an overcurrent action signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of one of the first AND gates 603. When the overcurrent protection output of the loop 1 of the multi-loop start-up module 5 is completed, the overcurrent trip command is sent to the overcurrent trip bus 601 and then to the second input terminal of the first AND gate 603. When the instantaneous trip action signal generator of the loop 1 of the start-up device issues an instantaneous trip action signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of the other first AND gate 603. When the instantaneous trip protection output of the loop 1 of the start-up device is completed, the instantaneous trip command is sent to the instantaneous trip bus 602 and then to the second input terminal of the first AND gate 603. The third input terminals of both first AND gates 603 obtain the closing position signal of the first loop switch from the multi-channel analog switch 9. The output terminals of both first AND gates 603 are connected to the input terminal of the third OR gate 604, and the output terminal of the third OR gate 604 is connected to the GPRS module of the first switch of the trip GPRS unit 605.

[0095] Each line is equipped with an overcurrent protection action, a switch closing position signal, and an overcurrent (or instantaneous trip) action signal forming a logic AND gate; the instantaneous trip protection action, a switch closing position signal, and an instantaneous trip action signal form another logic AND gate. The outputs of these two AND gates, together with the manual trip output, form a logic OR gate. The output of the OR gate connects to the GPRS module of the corresponding switch, communicating with the GPRS module within the switch mechanism via a wireless network to complete the tripping process. The transmission and reception of overcurrent and instantaneous trip protection action signals, as well as the transmission and reception of switch position signals, are all connected through the device's internal bus.

[0096] In order to prevent mis-tripping, i.e. to prevent tripping the switch which has been tripped again and to prevent mis-tripping the switch which is in normal operation, therefore, before tripping, the running state of all switches connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602 and the over-current trip bus 601 needs to be checked and distinguished, to ensure that only the switch which has sent the protection action signal and is still in operation (i.e. the switch is in the closed state) is disconnected, and other switches are not tripped. Therefore, according to the type of the tripping protection (over-current protection and instantaneous protection), each switch is provided with two AND gates connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602 and the over-current trip bus 601 respectively. The first AND gate 603 connected to the instantaneous trip bus 602 is connected to the instantaneous trip and the instantaneous action signal of each switch and the closed position signal of the switch. The first AND gate 603 connected to the over-current trip bus 601 is connected to the over-current trip and the over-current action signal of each switch and the closed position signal of the switch. Since the working characteristic of the AND gate is that all conditions of the AND gate must be met before the AND gate can be turned on, the AND gate which constitutes the tripping condition must meet the three conditions of any one AND gate to have the tripping condition, otherwise, the tripping condition is not met if any one condition is missing. Only the switch which has sent the protection action signal and is in the closed position can be tripped, and other switches either do not have the protection action signal or the switch is already in the open position, so they do not have the condition for the AND gate to be turned on, and therefore will not be tripped.

[0097] As an optimized scheme, the third OR gate 604 is also connected to a manual tripping mechanism. When the first AND gate 603 has the condition to be turned on, the outlet of the first AND gate 603 is connected to the third OR gate 604, and the other input condition of the third OR gate is manual tripping. According to the characteristics of the OR gate, only one of the two conditions of protection tripping and manual tripping is met, and the OR gate can be turned on.

[0098] The technical scheme of the multi-loop tripping module cancels the existing one switch configuration one tripping control loop. After the over-current protection or the instantaneous protection starts the outlet tripping, the tripping signal is directly sent to the over-current trip bus and the instantaneous trip bus in the multi-loop tripping module. The two buses are then connected to all the switches in the station which need to be tripped (the outlet circuits connected to the two buses are completely the same), i.e. after the tripping signal reaches the tripping bus, theoretically, all the switches in the station can be tripped, but which switches to trip and which switches not to trip still need to be determined by the specific running state of each switch. This greatly reduces the wiring and material waste, further reduces the occupation of the substation, and through the wireless network to start the tripping circuit in the switch mechanism, realizes the remote wireless tripping process, saves a large amount of control cable and optical cable, and does not need to specially build a secondary cable trench, greatly reducing the waste of land.

[0099] Four, multi-loop reclosing module 7

[0100] In the prior art, in order to improve the power supply reliability, reclosing is installed on all line switches for supplying power to users. The installation principle is that no reclosing is installed on main transformer switches, capacitor switches and the like, because according to the experience of power grid operation, once these devices fail, it is a permanent failure, and if reclosing is performed, only the failure range is expanded, and there is no benefit for timely and accurate removal of the failure, but only harm.

[0101] The existing reclosing is performed by using the charging and discharging principle of a capacitor C. In normal operation, the capacitor C in the reclosing is fully charged, and when a failure occurs, the protection trips the switch and starts the reclosing. The reclosing uses the electric quantity in the capacitor C to send a reclosing pulse to realize reclosing operation. When the switch is tripped again, because the electric quantity in the capacitor C is not fully charged within a specified time range, the reclosing condition is not met, and therefore the existing reclosing can only act once within the specified time range.

[0102] The starting mode of the existing reclosing is: (a) non-corresponding starting; and (b) protection starting. The non-corresponding starting means that after the switch is tripped by the protection, the switch is in the tripped position, and the operating handle of the switch is in the closed position, which means that the actual position of the switch does not correspond to the position of the operating handle, indicating that the switch is tripped by the protection and not tripped by manual operation, which is a fault tripping. The reclosing should act once, and if the switch is tripped again by the protection, it means that the line failure still exists, and the reclosing should not act again. If the switch is not tripped again by the protection after reclosing, it means that the failure disappears, and the reclosing is successful. The protection starting mode means that the switch is tripped by the protection, and this is one of the technical conditions for starting the reclosing. The present application adopts the protection starting mode.

[0103] The conditions for the existing reclosing are: (I) protection action; and (II) the switch is in the tripped position. Other constraint conditions are that the reclosing can only act once within a specified time range. This is because during the tripping process of the switch, the extinguishing of the electric arc needs a certain time, and after the electric arc is extinguished, the recovery of the arc extinguishing medium also needs a certain time. Therefore, the reclosing time must avoid the time for extinguishing the arc of the switch and recovering the medium. The reclosing is performed once because if the switch is tripped again after reclosing, it means that the failure still exists, and it is unnecessary to perform reclosing multiple times. The reclosing can only be performed on the switch in the tripped position, and cannot be performed on the switch in the closed position.

[0104] The related points of the reclosing in the present application are: 1. multi-circuit reclosing starting circuit; 2. new reclosing not limited by time interval and action times; 3. the multi-circuit reclosing starting and outlet module are composed of OR gate 1, OR gate 2, AND gate and protection action bus; and 4. the new reclosing is composed of AND gate and OR gate.

[0105] Please refer to the accompanying drawingsFigure 14 、 Figure 15 、 Figure 16 、 Figure 6 and Figure 7 In this embodiment, each circuit of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 comprises a fourth OR gate 72, a branch node 74, a protection action bus 76 connecting the fourth OR gates 72 of all circuits, a reclosing 78 connected to the protection action bus 76, and a fifth OR gate 79 connected to an input of the reclosing 78. The fifth OR gate 79 is connected to the start / lock reclosing outputs of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20.

[0106] The "quick break action" and "over current action" from each circuit of the multi-circuit start module 5 are connected to the fourth OR gate 72 of the respective circuit of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7. According to the characteristics of the OR gate, there will be an output no matter whether the over current or the quick break has an action signal input. Thus, the "quick break protection" and "over current protection" two protection action signals are combined into one "protection action". The output of the fourth OR gate 72 is divided into two branches by a branch node 74. One of the branches is connected to the protection action bus 76 as one of the start conditions of the reclosing 78, and the other branch is connected to the multi-circuit reclosing module 8 and the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 for counting and controlling the number of breakings of the circuit breaker. The "quick break protection" and "over current protection" signals of each circuit are provided by the multi-circuit start module 5, and the breaking position information of each circuit breaker is provided by the multi-circuit breaking module 6 through each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20. The start / lock reclosing outputs of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 are connected to the reclosing 78 through the fifth OR gate 79. The reclosing 78 has a reclosing action output connected to the multi-circuit reclosing module 8.

[0107] The input of the reclosing 78 of the present application is from two signals: the protection action signal from the protection action bus 76 and the start / lock reclosing signal from the start / lock reclosing outputs of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20. The protection action signal has been introduced above, and the start / lock reclosing signal will be introduced in detail below when the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 is introduced.

[0108] It needs to be explained here that the reclosing under the prior art condition is based on the capacitor C charging and discharging to complete the reclosing pulse sending, and also solves the technical requirement that the reclosing can only act once within a specified time range. The present application and the prior art reclosing technology are essentially different in principle and technology. The multi-loop reclosing module 7 does not need a capacitor C. The multi-loop reclosing module 7 actually uses the starting logic of the existing reclosing to make a series of logical judgments, and finally starts the reclosing mechanism in the switch mechanism to reclose. Therefore, whether in principle or in structure, the multi-loop reclosing module 7 of the present application and the reclosing of the prior art are greatly different. It can be said that they are not the same at all, but the functions are the same.

[0109] All lines that need to be reclosed have their opening position signals connected to the input end of the fifth OR gate 79 after passing through the multi-loop counter and the timer 20. In this way, no matter how many switches are tripped at the same time, the recloser 78 can be started. Even if there is a time difference in the time of these tripped switches, no matter how small the time difference is, the recloser 78 can be started.

[0110] V. Multi-loop reclosing module 8

[0111] At the same time, referring to Figure 17 , 18 , 19, the multi-loop reclosing module 8 in the present application includes a reclosing action bus 82, a second AND gate 84, a sixth OR gate 86, and a reclosing GPRS module 88.

[0112] The reclosing action outlet of the multi-loop reclosing module 7 is connected to the reclosing action bus 82 of the multi-loop reclosing module 8. The reclosing action bus 82 is connected to all switch control loops that need to be reclosed. In principle, all switches on the reclosing action bus 82 can be reclosed. The switch control loop includes the second AND gate 84, the sixth OR gate 86, and the reclosing GPRS module 88.

[0113] According to the technical requirements of the power industry, relevant regulations and specifications and the requirements of operation experience, all switches that need to be reclosed must be tripped by the protection device, and the switch is already in the open position. At the same time, the number of protection tripping within the specified time range for the switch that is preparing to reclose cannot be greater than 1. Thus, we will combine the protection action signal, the open position of the switch, the blocking switch closing signal and the reclosing outlet to form the input conditions of the second AND gate 84 of the switch closing. The blocking switch closing signal comes from the multi-loop counter and timer 20, which will be described in detail later. Without any of the above four conditions, the switch will not close. The protection action signal and the reclosing outlet come from the multi-loop reclosing module 7, the open position of the switch comes from the multi-way analog switch 9, and the blocking switch closing signal comes from the multi-loop counter and timer 20. The four input terminals of the second AND gate 84 are connected to the output terminal of the fourth OR gate 72 of the multi-loop reclosing module, the output terminal of the multi-way analog switch 9, the output terminal of the multi-loop counter and timer 20, and the reclosing action bus 82, respectively.

[0114] The output terminal of the second AND gate 84 is connected to the sixth OR gate 86, and the other input terminal of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the manual closing. This part is not involved in this time, but the interface is reserved.

[0115] The outlet of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the closing GPRS module 88. The closing GPRS module 88 and the switch closing mechanism are in wireless communication contact through the GPRS network to complete the closing operation. Figure 20 The switch closing mechanism with wireless communication function used in the present application is different from the switch closing mechanism in the prior art in that a GPRS module is added, so that the existing wired connection mode is not needed, and a large amount of cable and cable arrangement space is saved. The switch closing mechanism is together with the switch body, which is in the GIS closed tank in the present application.

[0116] Taking loop 1 as an example, that is, Figure 17 the leftmost loop in Figure 19 , that is, Figure 17The enlarged schematic diagram of A in the figure, wherein the second AND gate 84 has four input ends and one output end: the first input end is connected to the output end of the fourth OR gate in the circuit 1 of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7, inputting the circuit 1 protection action signal, the second input end is connected to the 1# switch opening position outlet of the multi-way analog switch 9, inputting the 1# switch opening position signal, the third input end is connected to the 1# switch closing outlet of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20, inputting the 1# switch closing signal, and the fourth input end is connected to the reclosing action bus 82, inputting the reclosing outlet signal. The output end of the second AND gate 84 is connected to the sixth OR gate 86 of the circuit 1, another input end of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the manual closing of the circuit 1, and the output end of the sixth OR gate 86 is connected to the 1# switch GPRS module of the closing GPRS module 88.

[0117] The technical scheme of the multi-circuit closing module 8 cancels the existing one closing switch configuration one closing control circuit, the reclosing action outlet of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 is connected to the reclosing action bus 82 of the multi-circuit closing module 8, all switch control circuits that need to be reclosed are connected to the reclosing action bus 82, and in principle, all switches on the reclosing action bus 82 can be closed. However, which switches to close and which switches not to close still need to be determined by the specific operation state of each switch, and the second AND gate 84 is used to determine which switch to close. This greatly reduces the wiring and material waste, further reduces the land occupation of the substation; in addition, the closing circuit in the switch mechanism is started through the wireless network to realize the remote wireless closing process, a large amount of control cable and optical cable is saved, a special secondary cable trench does not need to be built, and the land waste is greatly reduced.

[0118] Six, multi-circuit counter and timer 20

[0119] At the same time, referring to Figure 21The multi-circuit counter and timer 20 of the present application is provided with a timing counting device for each circuit. Each timing counting device comprises a third AND gate 201, a timing counting unit 202, a NAND gate 203, a seventh OR gate 204, and a clock chip 8284A. The first input end of the third AND gate 201 is connected to the output end of the fourth OR gate 72 of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 for inputting the circuit protection signal, and the second input end is connected to the multi-way analog switch 9 for inputting the switch opening position signal. The output end of the third AND gate 201 is connected to the timing counting unit 202. The timing counting unit 202 has four output ends: the first and second output ends are connected to the two input ends of the NAND gate 203; the third output end is connected to the first input end of the seventh OR gate 204, and the output end of the NAND gate 203 is connected to the second input end of the seventh OR gate 204 and one of the input ends of the second AND gate 84 of the multi-circuit closing module 8 for providing the lock switch closing signal; the output end of the seventh OR gate 204 is connected to the input end of the fifth OR gate 79 of the multi-circuit reclosing module 7 for providing the start / lock reclosing signal; and the fourth output end is connected to the timing device 561 of the multi-circuit starting module 5 for providing the overcurrent action time signal of the timing device 561.

[0120] Figure 22 The enlarged view of the timing counting unit 202 is shown. The timing counting unit 202 comprises a timing counting chip 8254 and a logic judging chip. The clock of the multi-circuit counter and timer 20 is provided by the clock chip 8284A. The PCLK end of the clock chip 8284A is connected to the external clock interface, and the CLK end is connected to the CPU. The PCLK end of the clock chip 8284A of the present application is led to form an external clock bus. The CLK0 and CLK1 of the timing counting chip 8254 of each timing counting device are connected to the external clock bus, wherein the CLK0 is used for counting, and the CLK1 is used for timing. The counting start time is controlled by the GATE0 of the timing counting chip 8254, and the timing start time is controlled by the GATE1 of the timing counting chip 8254. In the present application, the GATE0 and GATE1 of the timing counting chip 8254 are combined and connected to the output end of the third AND gate 201. Thus, the start time of the timing and counting is determined by the accident opening and closing of the switch. According to the format of the control register of the timing counting chip 8254, the D7 and D6 bits are the selection bits of the counter, wherein 00 is the counter 0, and 01 is the counter 1. This can be realized by software programming.

[0121] The output OUT0 of the counter 0 is connected to a logic judging chip for judging whether the number of times of switching off is greater than 1. If the result is no, the signal of the switch position for starting the reclosing is input to the first input of the seventh OR gate 204, and if the result is yes, the signal of the switch position for locking the reclosing is input to the first input of the NAND gate 203. The output OUT1 of the timer CLK1 of the timing counter chip 8254 is connected to the second input of the NAND gate 203, and the output of the NAND gate 203 is connected to the second input of the seventh OR gate 204 and one input of the second AND gate 84 of the multi-circuit reclosing module 8.

[0122] Since the same switch cannot have both yes and no results at the same time for judging whether the number of times of switching off is greater than 1, only one of yes and no can pass through the OR gate at the same time for the seventh OR gate 204, and no confusion can occur. The other branch of the yes result and the output OUT1 of the timer CLK1 form the inputs of the NAND gate 203. The output of the NAND gate 203 is branched into two branches. One branch and the no output of the counter 0 form the two inputs of the seventh OR gate 204, and the other branch is used for locking the switch. Within a specified time range, the output OUT1 of the timer CLK1 outputs a high level, and the yes output is also a high level. Thus, after passing through the NAND gate 203, the output becomes a low level. The output of the NAND gate 203 is introduced into the reclosing circuit of the switch, and the reclosing is locked. That is, after the number of times of switching off is greater than 1 within a specified time range, the reclosing 78 cannot successfully reclose the switch. However, when the specified time is exceeded, the output OUT1 of the timer CLK1 becomes a low level, and the output of the NAND gate 203 becomes a high level, thus releasing the reclosing of the switch, and the reclosing 78 can reclose the switch.

[0123] The reclosing circuit 78 is used to close the switch, so it must be ensured that the standby switch is indeed in the open position before closing. Closing a switch that is in the closed position is absolutely prohibited. Therefore, when one input of the reclosing circuit 78 has a protection action signal input, a switch quantity reflecting the open position of the switch must be introduced from the switch quantity module 4. The open position information and protection action information of the same switch together form an input of the third AND gate 201. When the input of the third AND gate 201 simultaneously meets the input conditions, it indicates that the open state of the switch is due to a protection trip, not manual opening, and reclosing should be initiated. If it is a manual trip, since there is no protection action signal, the third AND gate 201 will not conduct, and reclosing will not be initiated. After the third AND gate 201 is turned on, its output is connected to a timing counter unit 202, which determines whether the number of times the switch has tripped is greater than or equal to 1. (Since both the timing counter chip 8254 and the logic judgment chip are after the third AND gate 201, the counter number in the timing counter chip 8254 represents the number of times the protection trips, and cannot include the number of times the switch was manually tripped.) When the counter number in the timing counter chip 8254 is less than 1, it means that the switch has not been tripped by the protection within the specified time range, and it can pass. The output of the logic judgment chip is connected to the seventh OR gate 204, and the output of the seventh OR gate 204 is connected to the other input terminal of the reclosing gate 78 through the fifth OR gate 79. In this way, the other condition for starting the reclosing gate 78—the open position signal of the switch—is input into the reclosing gate 78. At this point, both conditions required to start the reclosing gate 78 are met.

[0124] Further explanation in general:

[0125] The current and voltage in the current module (1) and voltage module (2), as well as various non-electrical parameters in the non-electrical parameter module (3) and various switching quantities in the switching quantity module (4), are all received via a wide area wireless network from [unclear - likely a network name]. Figure 26 The signal.

[0126] The tripping signal sent by the multi-circuit tripping module (6) and the closing signal sent by the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) are sent to... Figure 26 The corresponding switching unit in the middle, through Figure 13 and Figure 20 The circuit eventually completes the switch opening and closing operations. Figure 13 and Figure 20 The circuit shown is in Figure 26 In the middle, and Figure 13 and Figure 20 and Figure 26 All the primary equipment and other components are encapsulated inside a sealed GIS container. Figure 26 It is the initial sender of all module information in the "three-bus" structure of this invention, and also the final executor of the calculation results of each module in the "three-bus" structure, such as the opening and closing operation.

[0127] Further description: Figure 26 is Figure 24 a wireless sensor network (SAS) diagram. Figure 24 All electrical primary equipment in the substation is arranged in it. In order to be able to measure, control and protect the electrical primary equipment, we need to transform the high voltage and large current of the primary system into low voltage and small current input into the corresponding secondary equipment. The prior art is to input the transformed low voltage and small current into the corresponding secondary equipment by wired mode. Figure 26 A data transmission network based on the SAS system is given, which transmits the relevant current, voltage, switching value and non-electric quantity information in the substation, and is a kind of wireless network.

[0128] In Figure 26 , ECT and EVT are digital current transformers and digital voltage transformers respectively, which are responsible for transforming the large current and high voltage of the primary system of the substation into small current and low voltage that can be accepted by the secondary system, and outputting in digital form, ECT and EVT are in Figure 24 . Figure 26 The switching value input and output unit in Figure 26 and the non-electric quantity part not marked are in Figure 24 . Figure 26 The merging unit and other components in Figure 24 are also in Figure 24 . is Figure 26 the basis, Figure 26 a wireless sensor network (SAS) is built on the basis of Figure 24 , which is used to wirelessly transmit various electrical quantities and non-electrical quantities in Figure 24 . Among them Figure 24 contains various switching devices in the primary equipment, and the opening and closing operations of these switching devices are carried out by using Figure 13 and Figure 20 . Figure 13 and Figure 20 are closely related to the primary switching device itself. Therefore Figure 26 the SAS network naturally contains the related content of Figure 13 and Figure 20 , otherwise the opening and closing operations cannot be carried out. Figure 26 The SAS system shown in Figure 13 is a form of secondary system, which is a secondary system realized in the form of wireless communication. The invention moves the secondary system out of the substation and does not include the opening and closing mechanism shown in Figure 20 and Figure 13 , Figure 20 and Figure 24The substation shown is sealed in a GIS tank. Figure 26 The SAS network shown contains Figure 13 and Figure 20 related content.

[0129] Embodiment Two

[0130] This embodiment provides an integrated way of using the prefabricated intelligent substation described in Embodiment One above, placing all the station (including the transformer) in one SF6 gas tank, canceling the original substation secondary equipment room, safety tools room and other buildings that have no direct relationship with power transmission and transformation, and compressing the floor area of the switch cabinet in the switch room and the area of other passages in the substation (the SF6 gas tank does not consider any form of human activity space, the distance between electrical equipment, and further compression through SF6 gas).

[0131] The transformer cooler and the transformer body are separated, and the transformer body is placed together with other electrical equipment in the substation in a sealed tank filled with SF6 gas. The transformer cooler is divided into an inner cooler and an outer cooler, the inner cooler is placed in the SF6 gas tank, and the outer cooler is placed outside the SF6 gas tank. The inner and outer coolers are connected to each other and the transformer body, and an automatic control valve is provided on the pipeline between the inner and outer coolers to facilitate switching between the inner and outer coolers. The outer cooler of the transformer is placed outside the SF6 gas tank, and the radiator is in contact with the atmosphere. The inner cooler is placed in the SF6 gas tank and is not in contact with the atmosphere. When the external air temperature is low, the outer radiator is used for easy heat dissipation. When the external air temperature is high, the inner radiator is used, and an air conditioner is configured in the tank to automatically adjust the indoor temperature according to the room temperature to utilize the transformer heat dissipation. The adjustment of the indoor temperature and the switching between the inner and outer coolers are both automatically completed.

[0132] The electrical part of the substation and the body part of the transformer are combined together as much as possible through SF6 technology to minimize the floor area of the substation, thus forming a new substation with small floor area. The appearance of the substation looks like the current transformer. After using GIS technology, the floor area of the substation will be greatly compressed.

[0133] The whole substation is constructed according to the assembly requirement, only considering the installation of primary equipment, and compressing the space as much as possible, and not considering any personnel access. The substation maintenance work is implemented in the whole station maintenance mode. That is, for the maintenance work of a certain substation, only a new substation of the same scale is needed to replace the original substation, and the power-off time is very short. The replaced substation is taken back to the workshop for maintenance. In this way, various accidents caused by various violations in the prior art can also be avoided. For some large substations, the volume after the whole station is closed is still too large, and the large substation can be divided into several small intervals and then assembled. During maintenance, the small interval to be maintained can be replaced and maintained, and it is no longer necessary to replace and maintain the whole station. In addition, SF6 gas is filled between each live part of each electrical equipment, the safety distance between each live part is further compressed, the distance between all live parts is compressed to the minimum, and finally the whole substation is packaged as a whole GIS. After the whole packaging, a general small and medium-sized substation is a whole substation with a GIS hard packaging shell, which looks a little like a transformer. For large and above substations, the whole station can be divided into several parts, which are respectively packaged with GIS and then assembled.

Claims

1. A substation secondary system based on a three-bus bus, characterized in that: All the secondary devices are divided into the following functional categories: current module (1), voltage module (2), non-electrical parameter module (3), switch quantity module (4), multi-circuit start module (5), multi-circuit trip module (6), multi-circuit reclosing module (7), and multi-circuit closing module (8). Each module is connected to the system bus (10) through a multi-channel analog switch (9). The system bus (10) includes an address bus, a data bus, and a control bus. Each module is integrated into a multi-circuit system. For the parts of the secondary devices that need to communicate with the primary devices, all communication is wireless. Among them, the current module (1) and voltage module (2) integrate the current and voltage of the entire station, the non-electrical quantity parameter module (3) integrates the non-electrical quantity parameters of the entire station, and the switch quantity module (4) integrates all the switch quantities that need to be transmitted in the entire station. After the multi-circuit start module (5) obtains current from the current module (1) through the multi-channel analog switch (9), it performs fault analysis and judgment. If the multi-circuit start module (5) determines that there is a fault, it directly sends an overcurrent trip or instantaneous trip signal to the multi-circuit trip module (6). The multi-circuit trip module (6) determines which circuits have faults. Then, based on the protection action of each line, it completes the tripping action through a wireless sensor. The protection action signal and the switch position signal will be sent to the multi-circuit reclosing module (7). The multi-circuit reclosing module (7) starts reclosing according to the set start conditions. The reclosing output is directly connected to the multi-circuit closing module (8). In the multi-circuit closing module (8), the status of all circuits is checked before closing. Only switches that have been tripped by protection and are in the tripping state and have been tripped no more than once within the specified time range can be successfully reclosed. For switches that meet other conditions but have been tripped more than once within the specified time range, they will not be reclosed.

2. The substation secondary system based on a three-bus system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-loop start-up module (5) includes a multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit (52), a multi-loop instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53), and several action signal generators. The several action signal generators include an instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) and an overcurrent action signal generator (542). The multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit (52) integrates several overcurrent discrimination loops. The number of overcurrent discrimination loops is consistent with the current loops input from the multi-channel analog switch (9). The multi-loop instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53) integrates several instantaneous trip discrimination loops (531). The number of instantaneous trip discrimination loops (531) is consistent with the number of overcurrent discrimination loops in the multi-loop overcurrent discrimination unit (52). The input terminal of each instantaneous trip discrimination loop (531) is connected to the output terminal of an overcurrent discrimination loop. Each instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) is connected to the output terminal of an overcurrent discrimination loop. The input terminals of 41) are respectively connected to the first output terminal of the corresponding instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531). The first output terminal of each instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) outputs an instantaneous trip action signal. The second output terminals of all instantaneous trip action signal generators (541) are simultaneously connected to the input terminal of the first OR gate. The output terminal of the first OR gate outputs an instantaneous trip signal. The input terminals of each overcurrent action signal generator (542) are connected to the second output terminal of the corresponding instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531). The first output terminal of each overcurrent action signal generator (542) outputs an overcurrent action signal. The second output terminals of all overcurrent action signal generators (542) are respectively connected to a timing device (561). The output terminals of all timing devices (561) are simultaneously connected to the input terminal of the second OR gate. The output terminal of the second OR gate outputs an overcurrent trip signal.

3. A substation secondary system based on a three-bus bus as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The discrimination principle of the overcurrent discrimination circuit is as follows: each overcurrent discrimination circuit has a preset overcurrent setting value suitable for this circuit. All currents entering the overcurrent discrimination circuit are compared with the overcurrent setting value. If the input current is greater than or equal to the overcurrent setting value set for this circuit, it enters the next stage multi-circuit instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53) to perform instantaneous trip action discrimination. If the input current is less than the overcurrent setting value set for this circuit, it indicates that the circuit is normal. It does not enter the multi-circuit instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53) but returns to the input terminal of the multi-circuit overcurrent discrimination unit (52) for re-measurement. The instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531) has the following discrimination principle: each instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531) has a preset instantaneous trip current setting value suitable for this line. All currents entering the instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531) are compared with the instantaneous trip current setting value. If the input current is greater than or equal to the instantaneous trip current setting value set for this line, the instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) of the next stage is started. The instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) sends out an instantaneous trip action signal and sends out an instantaneous trip pulse at the same time. If the input current is less than the instantaneous trip current setting value set for this line, the overcurrent action signal generator (542) and timing device of the next stage are entered. If the overcurrent phenomenon disappears within the set time range, no action or trip is performed. If the overcurrent phenomenon still exists within the set time range, the overcurrent action signal generator (542) is started, and an overcurrent action signal is sent out and an overcurrent trip pulse is sent out at the same time.

4. A substation secondary system based on a three-bus bus as described in claim 3, characterized in that: When the instantaneous trip discrimination circuit (531) performs instantaneous trip discrimination, if the instantaneous trip discrimination conditions are met, the instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) of each circuit is activated from the output of the multi-circuit instantaneous trip discrimination unit (53). The instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) sends out instantaneous trip action signals and all of them enter the first OR gate to summarize all lines that meet the instantaneous trip conditions. The output of the first OR gate is connected to the instantaneous trip bus of the multi-circuit trip module (6) to prepare for tripping. The instantaneous trip action signal sent from the first output terminal of the instantaneous trip action signal generator (541) is sent to the multi-circuit trip module (6) and the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) at the same time, and an alarm is triggered for electrical operation. Personnel promptly handle the fault; for any circuit that does not meet the instantaneous tripping condition, the overcurrent action signal generator (542) of its respective circuit is activated. The overcurrent action signal issued by the first output terminal of the overcurrent action signal generator (542) is used by other circuits. At the same time, it alarms electrical operating personnel to handle the fault promptly. The overcurrent tripping signal output by the second output terminal of the overcurrent action signal generator (542) is simultaneously entered into the OR gate after passing through the timing device (561). All lines that meet the overcurrent tripping condition are summarized. The output terminal of the timing device (561) is simultaneously connected to the second OR gate. The output of the second OR gate is connected to the overcurrent tripping bus of the multi-circuit tripping module (6) to prepare for tripping.

5. A substation secondary system based on a three-bus bus as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The multi-circuit tripping module (6) includes an overcurrent tripping bus (601), an instantaneous tripping bus (602), multiple first AND gates (603), third OR gates (604), and a tripping GPRS unit (605). Two first AND gates (603) and one third OR gate (604) are set for each circuit. One of the first AND gates (603) has three input terminals and one output terminal: the first input terminal is connected to the overcurrent action signal generator (542) of the multi-circuit start-up module (5), the second input terminal is connected to the overcurrent tripping bus (601), the third input terminal is connected to the corresponding circuit output terminal of the multi-channel analog switch (9), and the output terminal is connected to the third OR gate. (604) has one input terminal, and another first AND gate (603) has three input terminals and one output terminal: the first input terminal is connected to the instantaneous trip signal generator (541) of the multi-loop start module (5), the second input terminal is connected to the instantaneous trip bus (602), the third input terminal is connected to the corresponding loop output terminal of the multi-channel analog switch (9), the output terminal is connected to the other input terminal of the third OR gate, the output terminal of the third OR gate (604) is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding channel switch of the trip GPRS unit (605), and the overcurrent trip and instantaneous trip signals of the overcurrent trip bus (601) and the instantaneous trip bus (602) come from the multi-loop start module (5).

6. A substation secondary system based on a three-bus bus as described in claim 5, characterized in that: When the overcurrent action signal generator (542) of a certain circuit of the multi-circuit start module (5) issues an overcurrent action signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of the first AND gate (603) of the corresponding circuit of the multi-circuit trip module (6). When the overcurrent protection output of the multi-circuit start module (5) is completed, the overcurrent trip command is sent to the overcurrent trip bus (601) and then sent to the second input terminal of the first AND gate (603). The third input terminal of the first AND gate (603) obtains the switch position signal that needs to be closed from the multi-channel analog switch (9). When the instantaneous trip signal generator (541) of a certain circuit of the multi-circuit start module (5) issues an instantaneous trip signal, it is sent to the first input terminal of another first AND gate (603) of the corresponding circuit. When the instantaneous trip protection output of the multi-circuit start module (5) is completed, the instantaneous trip command is sent to the instantaneous trip bus (602) and then sent to the second input terminal of another first AND gate (603). The third input terminal of another first AND gate (603) obtains the switch position signal that needs to be closed from the multi-channel analog switch (9). The tripping GPRS unit (605) integrates a GPRS module corresponding to each switch, and the output of the third OR gate (604) of each circuit is connected to the GPRS module of the corresponding switch circuit.

7. A substation secondary system based on a three-bus bus as described in claim 5, characterized in that: Each circuit of the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) includes a fourth OR gate (72), a branch section (74), a protection action bus (76) connecting the fourth OR gate (72) of all circuits, a reclosing gate (78) connected to the protection action bus (76), a fifth OR gate (79) connected to an input terminal of the reclosing gate (78), and the fifth OR gate (79) connected to the start / lock reclosing output port of each circuit of the multi-circuit counter and timer (20).

8. A substation secondary system based on a three-bus bus as described in claim 7, characterized in that: The multi-circuit closing module (8) includes a closing action bus (82), a second AND gate (84), a sixth OR gate (86), and a closing GPRS module (88). The reclosing action output of the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) is connected to the reclosing action bus (82) of the multi-circuit closing module (8). All switch control circuits that need to be reclosed are connected to the reclosing action bus (82). The switch control circuits include the second AND gate (84), the sixth OR gate (86), and the closing GPRS module (88). The output of the second AND gate (84) is connected to the sixth OR gate (86). The output of the sixth OR gate (86) is connected to the closing GPRS module (88).

9. A substation secondary system based on a three-bus bus as described in claim 8, characterized in that: The multi-loop counter and timer (20) is equipped with a timing and counting device for each loop. Each timing and counting device includes a third AND gate (201), a timing and counting unit (202), a NAND gate (203), a seventh OR gate (204), and a clock chip 8284A. The first input terminal of the third AND gate (201) is connected to the output terminal of the fourth OR gate (72) of the multi-loop reclosing module (7) to input the loop protection signal. The second input terminal is connected to the multi-channel analog switch (9) to input the switch opening position signal. The output terminal of the third AND gate (201) is connected to the timing and counting unit (202), which has four output terminals. The first and second output terminals are connected to the two input terminals of the NAND gate (203); the third output terminal is connected to the first input terminal of the seventh OR gate (204), and the output terminal of the NAND gate (203) is simultaneously connected to the second input terminal of the seventh OR gate (204) and one of the input terminals of the second AND gate (84) of the multi-circuit closing module (8) to provide a blocking switch closing signal; the output terminal of the seventh OR gate (204) is connected to the input terminal of the fifth OR gate (79) of the multi-circuit reclosing module (7) to provide a start / block reclosing signal; the fourth output terminal is connected to the timing device (561) of the multi-circuit starting module (5) to provide the overcurrent action time signal of the timing device (561).

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