Civil engineering machine and civil engineering method for excavating

Abstract

The present invention relates to a civil engineering apparatus for excavation, comprising multiple device modules, the civil engineering apparatus having an excavation mechanism constructed from at least two device modules and a load-bearing structure for suspending the excavation mechanism and moving it vertically to form a pit in the ground, wherein a personnel passage is constructed in or at the at least two device modules, the personnel passage allowing personnel to pass horizontally along the at least two device modules.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a civil engineering apparatus for excavating soil. Furthermore, this invention relates to a civil engineering method for excavating soil using such a civil engineering apparatus. Background Technology

[0002] For creating grooves or drilling holes in the ground, civil engineering devices, such as those described in DE 10 2004 013 790 A, are known. Here, a so-called slotting wall cutter is arranged vertically adjustable on a tower or cantilever. The tower or cantilever on the supporting device typically has a height of 15m to 30m or greater. The height of the tower largely depends on the height of the slotting wall cutter.

[0003] For such civil engineering installations, it is necessary to manufacture trench walls or sealing walls that can reach depths of up to 100 meters or more. Such trench walls or sealing walls are used, for example, to support foundation pits or to construct underground water dams. It is also possible to use such milling cutters to extract underground resources.

[0004] In certain situations, it is necessary to construct a sealing wall within or near a structure, starting from a tunnel, or in confined space. For this purpose, support equipment with large towers and large slotted wall milling cutters cannot be used.

[0005] A compact civil engineering apparatus for manufacturing slots is known from EP 05 18 297 B1. This civil engineering apparatus has a rail-guided frame with a base and a cantilever that extends only slightly above the vertical length of the slotting wall cutter. Cable rollers for slings and connecting cables, and hose rollers for supplying hoses, are supported near the ground on a support frame. The slotting wall cutter is confined to the main components, such as the milling wheel, drive unit, and pump, with the guide frame being relatively small.

[0006] Another compact civil engineering device is known from EP 3 208 384 B1. In this device, a compact slotting wall cutter is adjustablely supported beneath a yoke formed by two support devices arranged side-by-side. The two support devices are connected to each other by a swivel joint.

[0007] For these known compact civil engineering installations, the usable height is essentially limited by the height of the slotting wall cutter. Here, the slotting wall cutter cannot be arbitrarily reduced in size because specific dimensions are required for the milling wheel, drive unit, pump, and especially for the guide frame.

[0008] A slotting wall end mill is known from DE 60 2004 008 375 T2, which can reduce the waiting time for changing the cutting teeth on the milling wheel. This is achieved by changing the cutting head on the milling frame as a whole, rather than changing individual cutting teeth. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of this invention is to describe a civil engineering apparatus and a civil engineering method for excavation, which can also be effectively operated under particularly confined space conditions.

[0010] This objective is achieved through a civil engineering device characterized by: an excavation mechanism constructed from at least two device modules, and a load-bearing structure for suspending the excavation mechanism and moving it vertically along the excavation direction to form a pit in the ground. The load-bearing structure additionally includes a guide mechanism for transporting or conveying separate device modules transversely to the excavation direction. A personnel passage is constructed within the load-bearing structure at the location of the at least two device modules, allowing personnel to pass horizontally along the at least two device modules. The load-bearing structure has at least one guide rail maintained at a certain distance from the ground, and each device module is movably positioned transversely to a slot extending along the excavation direction along the at least one guide rail. Support; and on the other hand, it is implemented by a civil engineering method having the following characteristics: it is used for excavating earth with the aforementioned civil engineering apparatus, wherein a load-bearing structure with a guiding mechanism is arranged and an excavation mechanism is arranged on the load-bearing structure and lowered vertically into the ground along the excavation direction, wherein soil is excavated in the work area and thus a pit is formed, wherein the excavation mechanism is constructed by at least two device modules, the device modules are separately transported to the work area by means of the guiding mechanism and connected to each other in the work area to form the excavation mechanism, and wherein a personnel passage is constructed in the load-bearing structure at at least two device modules, through which personnel can pass horizontally through the at least two device modules in the load-bearing structure. Preferred embodiments of the invention are described in detail below.

[0011] According to the present invention, a civil engineering device is provided, the civil engineering device having an excavation mechanism and a load-bearing structure, wherein the excavation mechanism is constructed of at least two device modules, and the load-bearing structure is used to suspend the excavation mechanism and move it in a vertical direction to form a pit in the ground, wherein a personnel passage is constructed in or at the at least two device modules, the personnel passage allowing personnel to pass horizontally along the at least two device modules.

[0012] The basic concept of this invention lies in constructing the excavation mechanism of the civil engineering device, having at least two device modules and possibly additional components, as a movable, compact device module. Furthermore, a load-bearing structure is provided for suspending the excavation mechanism and moving it vertically to create a pit in the ground, wherein the load-bearing structure additionally has a guide mechanism for transporting or conveying the separate device modules. According to the invention, it is therefore no longer necessary to transport the fully prepared excavation mechanism to the work area where the pit is to be created. More specifically, according to the invention, the excavation mechanism is transported to the work area in its device modules and is only assembled into an excavation mechanism there. Additional components, such as the supply unit of the civil engineering device, concrete laying modules, or modules for installing reinforcement, can also be constructed as device modules. For this purpose, the load-bearing structure is constructed with corresponding guide or conveying mechanisms. The load-bearing structure can preferably have a structural height smaller than the height of the prepared excavation mechanism. The load-bearing structure only needs to be equal to or greater than the height of the device module.

[0013] Therefore, in principle, it can also be implemented in work sites where only a very small working height is available, even less than the height of the assembled excavation mechanism. This is especially true when a so-called guide channel, perhaps 1 to 4 meters deep, is prefabricated in the work area, allowing one or more device modules to be inserted into the guide channel during the assembly of the excavation mechanism.

[0014] The civil engineering device according to the invention can be used on-site and in buildings with very small ceiling heights, possibly less than 5m and also less than 3m. It can also be used in tunnels due to the personnel passages constructed within or at the device module, wherein the device module extends particularly over the entire cross-section of the tunnel. Reliable passage for operators, such as for maintenance purposes, is thus guaranteed. Furthermore, the limited tunnel cross-section used for the device module can be completely or largely filled. This achieves excellent utilization of limited space.

[0015] Alternatively, the modules can be lined on the sides or fabricated as side-mounted or fully enclosed containers, thus shielding construction work from the surrounding environment during outdoor operation. The personnel access is preferably located within the module's lining.

[0016] In principle, personnel passages can be provided only on each individual device module. According to an improvement of the invention, it is particularly suitable to construct personnel passages within or at all device modules.

[0017] A preferred embodiment of the invention provides a first device module with a milling wheel and a second device module with at least one drive unit. The excavation mechanism is configured as a slotting wall cutter. The first device module may include a lower section of the slotting wall cutter with the milling wheel and a bearing for the milling wheel on a base. The second device module includes at least one drive unit preferably configured for a pumping mechanism, particularly for flushing away and / or pumping out a suspension of milled soil. Alternatively or supplementarily, the drive unit or another drive unit may also be used for the milling wheel. The excavation mechanism can be any device for excavation. Preferably, the excavation mechanism includes a slotting wall cutter, a gripping device, or a drilling device, particularly an in-hole drilling device.

[0018] In a compact design, guide elements for guiding and adjusting the excavation mechanism within the pit can also be arranged on the second device module. In particular, a removable adjustment element can be provided, which can be made by means of an adjustment cylinder, so that the excavation mechanism can be adjusted relative to the wall.

[0019] In principle, the excavation mechanism can be constructed from multiple additional device modules with different functions. Particularly preferred here is the provision of at least one additional device module with a guide frame. This guide frame can function passively as a support-like frame, having abutment elements for placement and guidance along the walls of the pit. Preferably, these plate-like elements are also adjustable to cause relative positional changes in the pit, particularly in the slots or boreholes. In principle, multiple such device modules with guide frames can be arranged, wherein the guiding accuracy and stability of the excavation mechanism increase with the height of the guide frame. In this way, pits with depths up to 100m and greater can be constructed with good guiding accuracy within a limited structural height.

[0020] In principle, a support mechanism is arranged on at least one preferred uppermost or lowermost device module, and the excavation mechanism is held on the load-bearing structure by the support mechanism via a sling or rod-shaped support mechanism.

[0021] According to one implementation variation, for the efficient operation of the excavation mechanism according to the invention, it is advantageous that the load-bearing structure has at least one guide rail along which the individual device modules are movably supported transversely to the pit. The load-bearing structure thus allows not only vertical movement of the excavation mechanism along the excavation direction but also transverse movement of the individual device modules in this direction. This allows for efficient transport and export of the individual device modules, as well as suitable installation and disassembly, particularly in transversely or horizontally oriented tunnels.

[0022] In principle, the movement can be performed manually using a suitable bearing structure. According to an improvement of the invention, it is particularly suitable that the moving mechanism has a moving drive for the moving device module. This could be, for example, a motor with a pinion that causes movement, for example, along a rack. A control cable mechanism with a rope winch, a linear regulating cylinder, or other suitable drive mechanism can also be provided. The drive can preferably be operated electrically or hydraulically.

[0023] The connection of the device modules can, in principle, be performed in every suitable manner, allowing for rapid loosening and connection. Here, according to an improvement of the invention, it is particularly advantageous that the device modules have a connection surface oriented transversely to and / or along the longitudinal or excavation direction. This provides a connection surface with the largest possible area, allowing for a particularly stable connection between the individual device modules. In addition to the device modules for the excavation mechanism itself, separate device modules can be provided for a supply mechanism or a holding mechanism.

[0024] Here, it is particularly preferred that a releasable connection mechanism be arranged on the connection surface. This connection mechanism is not only a mechanical connection mechanism for stably and securely coupling the device modules together, but it can also include mechanisms for connecting supply hoses and, for example, lines for electrical power and data transmission. Quick-connect mechanisms can also be provided in principle. These quick-connect mechanisms can be operated manually or at least partially by means of correspondingly driven adjustment mechanisms, such as adjustment cylinders. However, it is preferable that the lines between the supply unit and the device module are not separate, and therefore no further connection is necessary when installing the excavation mechanism. In particular, each device module can be assigned its own supply unit with direct line connections. The connection mechanism is preferably located in the personnel passage area of ​​the device module.

[0025] In principle, the load-bearing structure can be compactly constructed of steel beams, located solely within the work area. A particularly efficient operation of the civil engineering installation can be achieved by extending the load-bearing structure along the work area, where pits are dug side-by-side. Therefore, after creating the first pit, the excavating mechanism can be moved along the load-bearing structure while disassembling the individual modules and reassembled to create a second or additional pit in the work area. In this way, continuous milled grooves can be efficiently created, as desired, for example, for supporting or sealing walls.

[0026] Another preferred embodiment of the invention involves arranging at least one lifting unit on the load-bearing structure for vertical movement of the excavation mechanism. The lifting unit is preferably configured as a winch device with slings or as a telescopic support rod. The lifting unit has a corresponding lifting drive, such as a rotary drive. The lifting drive can operate electrically or hydraulically. The lifting unit itself can be modularly supported on the load-bearing structure as an easily releasable and adjustable module. A sling, for example, can be guided from the winch device of the lifting unit along the upper region of the load-bearing structure to the excavation mechanism and releasably connected thereto via at least one corresponding guide roller. The at least one guide roller can be rotatably supported on a roller slide, which is movably supported on the load-bearing structure.

[0027] Furthermore, according to an extended embodiment of the invention, preferably, at least one supply unit having at least one hose roller and / or pipeline roller is arranged on the load-bearing structure. The one or more supply units can also be supported on the load-bearing structure as easily releasable and movable device modules. The hose can be configured to deliver or discharge suspension or hydraulic fluid to the excavation mechanism. The pipeline on the pipeline roller can be configured to transmit electrical energy, hydraulic fluid, or be configured as a data line. The lifting unit and the supply unit can also be configured together on a single device module or unit.

[0028] In principle, the load-bearing structure can be manufactured in any manner. Preferably, the load-bearing structure has vertical supports, on which at least one guide rail is held in a manner separated from the ground. In this way, the device modules can be reliably moved along the load-bearing structure along one or more parallel guide rails and installed at the work site. Each device module can have holding points for accommodating lifting units, especially slings, thereby enabling the device modules to be lifted into guide slots or out of pits and subsequently moved along the load-bearing structure. The load-bearing structure can even be constructed from one or more shipping containers forming a housing structure.

[0029] Furthermore, the present invention relates to an excavation mechanism characterized by being constructed of at least two device modules having substantially the same height and having personnel passages oriented transversely to the excavation direction of the excavation mechanism. This excavation mechanism is preferably used in the civil engineering installations described above.

[0030] According to an improved embodiment of the invention, particularly good transportability is achieved by ensuring that the height of the device module does not exceed 3m. Thus, the device module can be accommodated in a standard shipping container or at least one so-called high-profile container, which is easily adapted for road transport. Furthermore, the compact height of the device module according to the invention allows for use in tunnels or other confined spaces. If the tunnel is specifically constructed for the use of civil engineering equipment, a smaller tunnel cross-section should be manufactured more economically than the large tunnel cross-section necessary for known civil engineering equipment. One or more standard or high-profile containers can also be configured as a sheathing structure or a housing for housing slotted wall milling cutters. This further simplifies transport and, for example, shields construction work relative to the surrounding environment when operating outdoors. Operators can approach all modules within the closely packed containers via personnel access without leaving the protection of the container walls. Therefore, smooth construction progress can be achieved even under adverse weather conditions.

[0031] In principle, the personnel passage can remain open and extend from the first side of the device module to the opposite side of the device module. The personnel passage is preferably constructed on all the adjacent device modules of the civil engineering installation, such that these device modules are adjacent to each other in their side-by-side configuration, allowing personnel to move from one device module to another. The personnel passage can be constructed on the side areas of each device module or in the internal areas. According to an improvement of the invention, particularly when constructed in the internal areas, it is preferable to arrange one or two doors for closing the personnel passage. Especially for device modules configured to form excavation mechanisms, the doors can be used to seal and lock the personnel passage. In this way, it is possible to prevent the suspension in the milling tank from entering the personnel passage and contaminating it.

[0032] For horizontal pedestrian walkways, it is preferable to install grid-like pedestrian grids on the walkways.

[0033] Furthermore, according to the present invention, a civil engineering method is provided for excavating soil using the aforementioned civil engineering apparatus, wherein a load-bearing structure with a guiding mechanism is arranged, and an excavation mechanism is arranged on the load-bearing structure and lowered vertically into the ground, wherein soil is excavated in the work area to form a pit, wherein the excavation mechanism is constructed of at least two device modules, which are separately conveyed to the work area by means of the guiding mechanism and connected to each other in the work area to form the excavation mechanism, and wherein a personnel passage is constructed in or at the at least two device modules, through which personnel can pass horizontally through the at least two device modules in the load-bearing structure. Thus, during the installation and / or operation of the civil engineering apparatus, it is possible to ensure the safe access of operators to the individual modules or to the work site.

[0034] The advantages described above can be achieved using the method according to the invention. In principle, the excavating mechanism can then be pulled out of the manufactured milling groove and disassembled in the reverse manner.

[0035] A particularly advantageous variation of the invention involves creating at least two pits side-by-side, wherein after creating the first pit, the excavating mechanism is pulled back from the first pit while the device modules are separated, and the device modules are moved along a guide mechanism and reconnected to form the excavating mechanism in order to create the second pit. The excavating mechanism is then lowered into the ground while excavating the soil. In this way, multiple pits can be efficiently created even in confined spaces with good guidance and at relatively large depths. In the sense of the invention, the side-by-side pits (which can be slots or boreholes) do not necessarily need to be directly adjacent to each other. For example, primary or secondary pits can be involved in the construction of supporting walls using conventional compound methods. The various method steps can be repeated arbitrarily, wherein, if necessary, the load-bearing structure can be adjusted or moved along the work area using the guide mechanism as the work progresses.

[0036] In principle, the method can be implemented at any work site. According to an improvement of the invention, it is particularly advantageous to arrange the load-bearing structure within the ground surface inside the tunnel. This allows the method to be implemented within the tunnel, in very confined spaces. Consequently, this method also enables the extraction of underground resources, for example, beneath so-called microtunnels constructed for this purpose.

[0037] According to an improved embodiment of the invention, at least one pit is backfilled with a coagulable suspension to form a structure, particularly a supporting wall in the ground, the suspension hardening into a supporting wall. The backfilling process with the coagulable suspension can be carried out during excavation in a so-called single-phase method or in a so-called two-phase method by replacing the supporting suspension with a final coagulable suspension.

[0038] To create a coagulable suspension, at least a portion of the excavated soil can be used, which is mixed directly in the pit or in a treatment facility outside the pit with a coagulable liquid to form the coagulable suspension. Attached Figure Description

[0039] The invention will now be further described with reference to preferred embodiments, which are schematically illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the drawings:

[0040] Figure 1 A perspective view of the civil engineering apparatus according to the present invention is shown;

[0041] Figure 2 It shows Figure 1 Front view of a civil engineering installation;

[0042] Figure 3It shows Figure 2 Side view of a civil engineering installation;

[0043] Figure 4 It shows according to Figures 1 to 3 A top view of a civil engineering installation;

[0044] Figure 5 It shows according to Figure 1 A perspective view of the load-bearing structure of the civil engineering device according to the present invention;

[0045] Figure 6 It shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional enlarged view of the first module of the civil engineering device;

[0046] Figure 7 It shows Figure 1 A three-dimensional magnified view of the second device module of the civil engineering device;

[0047] Figure 8 A perspective view of a movable slide for a civil engineering device according to the invention is shown;

[0048] Figure 9 A perspective view of a supply unit with a flexible roller for use in a civil engineering apparatus according to the invention is shown;

[0049] Figure 10 A perspective view of another supply unit with a pipeline roller for use in a civil engineering apparatus according to the invention is shown;

[0050] Figure 11 A front view of the civil engineering apparatus according to the invention in use is shown;

[0051] Figure 12 It shows Figure 11 A schematic side cross-sectional view of a civil engineering installation;

[0052] Figure 13 It shows Figure 11 A front view of the civil engineering apparatus according to the invention together with the assembled excavation mechanism;

[0053] Figure 14 It shows Figure 13 Side view of a civil engineering installation;

[0054] Figure 15 This shows the start of the milling method. Figures 11 to 14 Front view of a civil engineering installation;

[0055] Figure 16 It shows Figure 15 A side view of a civil engineering installation; and

[0056] Figure 17 A cross-sectional view of the device module according to the invention, together with the internal personnel passageway, is shown. Detailed Implementation

[0057] exist Figures 1 to 4 The image shows a civil engineering device 10 according to the invention, constructed for installation into a tunnel having an approximately circular tunnel cross-section, shown in different views. Figures 1 to 4 The civil engineering apparatus 10 is shown in a static or initial position before the milling method according to the invention is implemented.

[0058] The civil engineering device 10 has a support-like load-bearing structure 20, which is also detailed in... Figure 5 As shown in the diagram. The load-bearing structure 20 includes a grid-like ground support 21 constructed of longitudinal and transverse beams. Furthermore, a correspondingly grid-like or trapezoidal top region 23 is provided, supported by multiple vertical supports 22 from the ground support 21. Along the top region 23 and also along the ground support 21, a guide mechanism 24 with guide rails 25 can be constructed, the function of which will be further described below. Both the longitudinal beams of the ground support 21 and the longitudinal beams of the top region 23 can form the guide rails 25 of the moving mechanism 26. The vertical supports 22, arranged in pairs, connect the ground support 21 and the top region 23 in the regions of the transverse beams, and the vertical supports can be arranged with substantially uniform spacing relative to each other. An exception may be the milled section 28, used for installing and removing the excavation mechanism in the central region of the load-bearing structure 20. In the milling section 28, where the vertical supports 22 are spaced further apart, a ground passage 29 for a slotting wall milling cutter is constructed within the ground support 21. In principle, such ground passages 29 can be provided between all paired vertical supports 22. Laterally projecting supports 12 are constructed on the ground support 21 for mounting pedestrian grids 14. This allows for the formation of one or two side passages 18 for personnel. These passages can also be arranged inside the device modules 40, 50 if the device modules extend generally or largely within the tunnel cross-section.

[0059] As in Figures 1 to 4 As shown, a first device module 40 is arranged in the milling section 28 in the static or initial state. The first device module 40 has a base frame 44, on which milling wheels 42 are arranged. The first device module 42 is movably supported along the upper guide rail 25 in the longitudinal direction of the load-bearing structure 20 via the base frame 44.

[0060] Beside the first device module 40, the second device module 50 is movably supported by a guide frame 54 along the upper guide rail 25 of the moving mechanism 26. The second device module 50, together with the drive unit 52 supported therein, is suspended on two ropes 64. Here, the ropes 64 are guided by the winch 62 of the lifting unit 60 along the upper top region 23 to the moving slide 27, and from the moving slide, via a steering roller, to the second device module 50 and are releasably secured thereto. In addition to its function of raising and lowering the slotting wall milling cutter, the ropes 64 can also be part of the moving mechanism 26, which is used for longitudinally moving at least the second device module 50 along the upper guide rail 25.

[0061] According to Figures 1 to 4 With respect to the milling section 28 on the left side of the load-bearing structure 20, a first supply unit 80 having a rotatable pipeline roller 82 for multiple pipelines 84 is movably supported on a first support slide 86. The pipelines 84 can be configured as electrical lines or as data lines to deliver hydraulic energy or compressed air to the first device module 40 having the milling wheel 42. In the illustrated embodiment, the first support slide 86 is supported in a longitudinally movable and fixed manner, not only along the guide rail 25 on the top region 23 but also along the guide rail 25 on the ground support 21. The first supply unit 80 is directly connected to the first device module 40.

[0062] A second supply unit 70, comprising a hose roller 72 and a line roller 73, is shown on the right side. This second supply unit is rotatably supported in a second support slide 76. The two winch rollers of the winding machine 62 are also rotatably supported on the second support slide 76, which is longitudinally movable and fixed along a guide rail 25 on the upper top region 23. The second supply unit 70 is used to directly supply the second device module 50. Alternatively, the line roller 82, hose roller 72, and line roller 73 could all be positioned in the same supply units 70 and 80.

[0063] exist Figures 1 to 4 The diagram shows the hose conduit 74 of the hose roller 72. The hose conduit 74 can be configured to discharge milled soil with supporting fluid. Additional conduits 75 on the hose roller 73 can be wires for control or measurement signals or configured to transport or discharge hydraulic fluid. Further input and output of the medium in the load-bearing structure 20 is carried out in a common manner by means of conduits and hoses and is not shown for simplicity.

[0064] The first device module 40 in Figure 6 The diagram is shown in detail. Two pairs of milling wheels 42 are rotatably supported on a base frame 44 with an approximately U-shaped cross-section. Each pair of milling wheels 42 is rotatably supported on a central milling shield 43, which is positioned on the lower side of the base frame 44. The milling wheels 42 have digging teeth for removing soil on their outer surfaces in a manner known in principle.

[0065] Between two pairs of milling wheels 42 that rotate oppositely relative to the center, a suction pipe joint 45 is provided for absorbing the milled soil using surrounding support or milling fluid. A milling drive unit 46 is mounted on the base frame 44 for each pair of milling wheels 42. In principle, the drive unit can also be integrated into the milling wheels 42. Furthermore, a vertical and horizontal surface is provided on the base frame 44 as a first connecting surface 48, in which through holes 49 for bolt connections can be provided. The receiving part 41 is joined as... Figure 10 As explained in detail, it is used to connect with the first supply unit 80.

[0066] according to Figure 7 A second device module 50 is shown, which consists of a box-shaped guide frame 54. The guide frame 54 approximately corresponds in cross-section to the milling cross-section of the first device module 40, such that the slotting wall cutter, acting as a cutting mechanism, is guided within the slot itself via the guide frame 54. For position correction, a plate-shaped adjusting element 56, adjustable in principle by means of a hydraulic cylinder, is provided, enabling a certain positional adjustment relative to the wall of the slot.

[0067] A second connecting surface 58 is provided on the guide frame 54, which enables precise positioning connection with the first connecting surface 48 on the first device module 40. A drive unit 52, configured as a pumping mechanism, is housed inside the guide frame 54. A retaining mechanism 55 for mounting the sling is provided in the central region on the upper side of the guide frame 54.

[0068] The first device module 40 and the second device module 50 can be mechanically connected to each other.

[0069] The previously mentioned movable slide 27 is in Figure 8 The details are shown below. This movable slide 34 has a slide frame 34, on the outer surface of which four guide rollers 35 are rotatably supported. The movable slide 27 is guided linearly by the guide rollers 35 at or within the guide rails 25 of the guide mechanism 24 on the load-bearing structure 20.

[0070] The guide rollers 35 are arranged in pairs facing each other, with a gap between the two pairs. Two laterally opposed steering rollers 36 for the rope 64, which holds the second device module 50 and thus the slotting wall cutter, are arranged in the gap. The steering rollers 36 turn the rope 64, which is guided horizontally, vertically downward by the winch 62. To redirect the hoses 74 and lines 75 of the second supply unit 70, arc-shaped, for example, quarter-circular hose guides 37 are arranged on the slide frame 34. These hose guides 37 redirect the horizontally conveyed hoses 74 and lines 75 towards the vertical direction of the slotting wall cutter.

[0071] exist Figure 9 The second supply unit 70, already mentioned, is shown in detail. This second supply unit has a second support slide 76 in which a hose drum 72 for a large hose line 74 for fluid and a line drum 73 for two hydraulic hoses 75 and two electrical wires 75 are rotatably supported. Furthermore, in the rear region of the second support slide 76, a winch drum for a winch 62 for two parallel ropes 64 is rotatably supported. Four guide rollers 35 are evenly distributed and rotatably supported along the two side walls of the second support slide 76. The second supply unit 70 is longitudinally movable using the guide rollers 35 along guide rails 25 on the top region 23 of the load-bearing structure 20.

[0072] In a similar manner, the first supply unit 80 follows... Figure 10 The first supply unit comprises a first support slide 86 on which the pipeline roller 82 is rotatably supported. The first support slide 86 has three upper guide rollers 35 on its side walls, which are linearly guided along guide rails 25 on the top region 23 of the load-bearing structure 20. Furthermore, two side support rollers 38 are rotatably supported in the lower region of the first support slide 86, which are placed on ground supports 21 along guide rails 25 and linearly guided along the ground supports.

[0073] A quarter-circular arc-shaped steering guide 88 is arranged on the end side of the first support slide 86. This steering guide can turn the pipeline of the pipeline roller 82 from the horizontal direction to the vertical direction toward the slotted wall milling cutter.

[0074] The locking mechanism 89 is used to connect to the first device module 40 by: inserting the locking mechanism into the receiving portion 41 on the first device module 40 (see...). Figure 6In this case, for example, the method involves moving it horizontally using a hydraulic cylinder. A lifting mechanism 90, which may include one or two hydraulic cylinders, can be used to lower the first device module 40 into the guide slot or to raise it again after slotting is completed.

[0075] Combination Figures 11 to 16 The invention provides a detailed description of the use of the civil engineering apparatus 10 according to the invention and an embodiment of the method according to the invention for milling grooves in confined spaces.

[0076] exist Figure 11 The arrangement of the civil engineering device 10 according to the invention in a tunnel pipe 5 in the ground is shown herein, the tunnel pipe being arranged in accordance with... Figure 12 The partial cross-sectional view shows a circular tunnel cross-section. Before introducing the civil engineering device 10 into the tubular tunnel 5, a guide channel 6 with a robust guide wall 7 is constructed on the ground of the tunnel 5 in a manner known in principle. The guide wall 7 can be constructed of concrete or formed by guide elements made of concrete or steel. The guide channel 6 can have a depth between 1m and 5m and is constructed in a manner known in principle, such as by excavator or by means of a scissor cutter. The guide channel 6 is used in a manner known in principle to guide the slotting wall cutter along the guide wall 7 initially. For the method according to the invention, the guide channel additionally serves as an installation space for mounting the first device module 40 and connecting it to the second device module 50, as will be explained in detail below.

[0077] The civil engineering device 10, installed in tunnel 5, corresponds to the previously described civil engineering device 10 and has a support-like load-bearing structure 20 as a main component. In this load-bearing structure, the first device module 40, the second device module 50, and the first supply unit 80 and the second supply unit 70 are linearly movable, guided and held. The load-bearing structure 20 is matched to tunnel 5, with ground supports 21 resting on the ground of tunnel 5 and the top region 23 of the load-bearing structure 20 resting on the top of tunnel 5. Alternatively, the civil engineering device 10 may not be supported on the top but only on the ground. Tunnel 5 can have a diameter of, for example, 2m to 6m. For correspondingly large tunnel cross-sections, lateral support of the civil engineering device 10 is also conceivable, where the free space on the sides can be used as a personnel passage 18 for operators. To form the personnel passage 18, a walkway 14 is placed on the laterally projecting lower horizontal support member 12. For horizontally separated device modules, the personnel passage 18 can extend partially on the load-bearing structure 20 and partially through the device modules 40, 50.

[0078] In accordance with Figure 13In the first method step, the first device module 40 with milling wheels 42 is connected to the first supply unit 80 via a locking mechanism 89, and then at least partially lowered into a prefabricated guide groove 6 by means of a lifting mechanism 90, thereby enabling the second device module 50 to be pushed onto the first device module 40 along the load-bearing structure 20. Here, the second supply unit 70 can be moved and tracked in accordance with the second device module 50. Figure 13 and 14 In this position, in order to form a usable slotting wall milling cutter 30 as a digging mechanism, the first device module 40 and the second device module 50 can be assembled and connected, the digging mechanism in Figure 15 and 16 As shown in the image.

[0079] After establishing the mechanical connection between the two device modules 40 and 50, the locking mechanism 80 can release the locking state between the first device module 40 and the first supply unit 80. Subsequently, the excavation mechanism 30 can be lowered into the ground via the sling 64 under the rotational motion of the milling wheel 42 to excavate soil for forming a milled trench. In principle, the hose 74 and pipeline 75 of the second supply unit 70 can also be connected to the excavation mechanism 30, while the pipeline 84 of the first supply unit 80 is fixedly connected. However, it is preferable that the pipelines between the first supply unit 80 and the first device module 30, and the pipelines between the second supply unit 70 and the second device module, are fixedly connected and do not need to be reconnected during installation. The milled soil can be pumped out through the suction pipe joint 45 by means of the drive unit 52 which is configured as a pumping mechanism and output to the outside of the milled groove, which is a pit, through the hose pipe 74 and output to the outside of the tunnel pipe 5.

[0080] After reaching the desired final depth, the excavation mechanism 30 can be pulled back upwards and disassembled in the opposite manner. After the civil engineering device 10 with the load-bearing structure 20 has been moved to a new work area as a whole or by moving the device modules 40, 50 linearly along the load-bearing structure 20, the installation steps for reinstalling the excavation mechanism 30 and for re-implementing the milling of the slot can be repeated.

[0081] The load-bearing structure 20 can be constructed not only as a single component as described in the previous embodiment, but also as a multi-part assembly consisting of multiple components spaced apart from each other or connected to each other via swivel joints. A control console can be provided for controlling the excavation mechanism 30, preferably located on the load-bearing structure 20 or within the area of ​​the excavation mechanism 30 itself. In principle, the excavation mechanism 30 can also be constructed directly on the excavation mechanism 30 without a suction mechanism. The corresponding suction mechanism can then be arranged within the area of ​​the load-bearing structure 20. Alternatively, the suction mechanism, particularly a pump, can be arranged on the first device module 40 having the milling wheel 42 or immediately above and adjacent to the milling wheel 42 on the second device module 50.

[0082] One alternative design scheme of the civil engineering device 10 according to the present invention is... Figure 17 As shown in the diagram, the device module 50 of the civil engineering device 10 has a cross-section that almost completely or largely covers the cross-section of the tunnel 5. The load-bearing structure 20 can be configured as a track device along the tunnel 5. To facilitate a personnel passage 18, a passageway is provided inside the device module, the floor of which forms a walking grid 14 for operation or maintenance personnel.

Claims

1. A civil engineering device for excavation, formed by multiple device modules (40, 50), which has the following characteristics: The excavation mechanism (30) is constructed from at least two device modules (40, 50), and A load-bearing structure (20) is provided for suspending the excavation mechanism (30) and moving it vertically along the excavation direction to create a pit in the ground. The load-bearing structure further includes a guide mechanism for transporting or conveying separate device modules (40, 50) transversely to the tunneling direction, and Personnel passageways (18) are constructed in the load-bearing structure (20) at at least two of the device modules (40, 50), allowing personnel to pass horizontally along the at least two device modules (40, 50). in, The load-bearing structure (20) has at least one guide rail (25) that is kept at a certain distance from the ground, and each device module (40, 50) is movably supported along the at least one guide rail transversely to the slot extending along the excavation direction.

2. The civil engineering device according to claim 1, Its features are, Personnel passages (18) are constructed in or at all of the device modules (40, 50), which allow personnel to pass horizontally along all the device modules (40, 50).

3. The civil engineering device according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, The excavation mechanism (30) includes a slotting wall milling cutter, a gripping device, and a drilling device.

4. The civil engineering device according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, At least one additional device module is provided, which has a guide frame (54).

5. The civil engineering device according to claim 1, Its features are, A moving mechanism (26) is provided, which has a moving drive for moving the device modules (40, 50).

6. The civil engineering apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, The device modules (40, 50) have connecting surfaces (48, 58) on which releasable connecting mechanisms are arranged.

7. The civil engineering apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, The load-bearing structure (20) extends along the work area, in which slots or holes are dug out side by side as pits.

8. The civil engineering apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, At least one lifting unit (60) is arranged on the load-bearing structure (20) for vertically moving the excavation mechanism (30) along the excavation direction.

9. The civil engineering apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, Its features are, At least one supply unit (70, 80) having at least one hose roller and / or pipeline roller (72, 73, 82) is arranged on the load-bearing structure (20).

10. Excavation mechanism for use in civil engineering installations (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9. Its features are, The excavation mechanism (30) is constructed from at least two device modules (40, 50) that have substantially the same height along the excavation direction, and At least two device modules (40, 50) of the excavation mechanism have personnel passages (18) oriented transversely to the excavation direction of the excavation mechanism (30).

11. The excavation mechanism according to claim 10, Its features are, One or two doors were installed to close the personnel passage (18) from the side.

12. A civil engineering method for excavating earth using the civil engineering apparatus (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein Arrange a load-bearing structure (20) with a guide mechanism (24) and The excavation mechanism (30) is positioned on the load-bearing structure (20) and lowered vertically into the ground along the excavation direction, whereby soil is excavated in the work area, thus forming a pit. The excavation mechanism (30) is constructed from at least two device modules (40, 50), which are separately transported to the work area by means of a guide mechanism (24) and connected to each other in the work area to form the excavation mechanism (30). Personnel passages (18) are constructed in the load-bearing structure (20) at at least two device modules (40, 50), through which personnel can pass horizontally through the at least two device modules (40, 50) in the load-bearing structure (20).

13. The method according to claim 12, Its features are, At least two pits are created side by side, wherein after creating the first pit, the excavation mechanism (30) is pulled back from the first pit while the device modules (40, 50) are separated, and In order to create another pit, the device modules (40, 50) are moved along the guide mechanism (24) and reconnected to the excavation mechanism (30), which is then lowered into the ground while excavating the soil.

14. The method according to claim 12, Its features are, The load-bearing structure is arranged on the ground inside the tunnel (5).

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