Biochar production device for preventing and controlling tobacco soil-borne diseases

Abstract

The present application discloses a biomass charcoal production device for preventing and controlling tobacco soil-borne diseases, comprising: a first material partition plate and a second material partition plate arranged in a furnace body; the first material partition plate is arranged in the middle of the furnace body inner cavity, and divides the furnace body inner cavity into an upper heating cavity and a lower heating cavity; the first material partition plate is connected to the first temperature air intake system pipeline, and the temperature of the gas introduced is 160-210°C; the second material partition plate is connected to the second temperature air intake system pipeline, and the temperature of the gas introduced is 340-400°C. By setting the temperature of the gas introduced to the area above the material partition plate to 160-210°C, the upper heating zone 5 is used to fully heat the falling biomass material powder particles first, and after preheating and cracking, the falling biomass material powder particles enter the lower heating zone, and after being fully contacted with the gas with a temperature of 340-400°C in the lower heating zone, the material is discharged, and the conversion rate of the biomass material can be increased by 10%-20%, reaching a biomass charcoal conversion rate of more than 40%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of tobacco soil-borne disease prevention and control, and in particular to a biochar production device for tobacco soil-borne disease prevention and control. Background Art

[0002] Biochar is a highly aromatic carbon-rich substance produced by thermal cracking of biomass materials under anaerobic and high-temperature conditions. It has rich functional groups, developed pore structure and strong adsorption capacity, and can effectively improve the soil environment of tobacco fields. Existing studies have shown that this material can be used to prevent the spread and infection of bacterial wilt in tobacco field soil, effectively reduce the incidence of bacterial wilt in continuously cropped tobacco fields, and long-term application can also achieve long-term effective suppression of the incidence of bacterial wilt. It can reduce the amount of pesticides used and reduce environmental pollution.

[0003] Biochar is a carbon-containing polymer, mainly composed of monocyclic and polycyclic aromatic compounds. This structural feature determines that biochar has high chemical and biological stability, strong resistance to microbial decomposition, enhances soil carbon fixation, and reduces carbon re-release to the atmosphere. Biochar contains a large number of nutrients required by plants, which can promote soil nutrient circulation and plant growth. Biochar is alkaline, and the application of biochar can reduce soil acidity. Biochar has a strong adsorption capacity for organic pollutants such as pesticides and heavy metals, and can be used to repair contaminated soil. The highly porous structure of biomass can increase soil porosity and water retention capacity, which is beneficial to the growth of plant roots.

[0004] The existing biochar production mostly uses a continuous vertical biochar carbonization furnace at a carbonization temperature of 350-500°C. Since the biomass material passes through the heating area too quickly, some materials cannot be fully thermally cracked, resulting in only 35% of the biomass material used being converted into biochar. When the existing commercially available biochar is used for the prevention and control of tobacco soil-borne diseases, it is limited by the biochar content it contains, resulting in poor prevention and control effects, which affects the application of biochar in the prevention and control of tobacco soil-borne diseases. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present application provides a method for producing biochar for the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases of tobacco, which is used to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the biomass material passes through the heating area too fast, some materials cannot be fully thermally cracked, and only 35% of the biomass material used can be converted into biochar.

[0006] The present application provides a biomass charcoal production device for preventing and controlling tobacco soil-borne diseases, comprising: a first material partition plate and a second material partition plate arranged in a furnace body;

[0007] The first material partition plate is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the furnace body, and divides the inner cavity of the furnace body into an upper heating zone and a lower heating zone; the second material partition plate is arranged in the lower part of the inner cavity of the furnace body;

[0008] The first material partition plate is connected to the first temperature air intake system pipeline, and the temperature of the air introduced is 160-210°C;

[0009] The second material partition plate is connected to the second temperature air intake system pipeline, and the temperature of the gas introduced is 340-400°C;

[0010] The first material separation plate and the second material separation plate are both provided with a plurality of through holes and a plurality of air intake components at intervals.

[0011] Preferably, the air intake assembly includes: a cap body, a plurality of exhaust holes, and an air pipe; the air pipe is accommodated in the first material partition plate and the second material partition plate, and extends out of the first material partition plate and the second material partition plate; a cap body is arranged on the extended end of the air pipe; and a plurality of exhaust holes are symmetrically opened on the side wall of the extended end of the air pipe.

[0012] Preferably, at least one air intake assembly is arranged between any two adjacent through holes.

[0013] Preferably, it comprises: a main air intake pipe; the main air intake pipe is arranged at the central axis of the first material partition plate and the second material partition plate.

[0014] Preferably, the inner diameter of the main air inlet pipe is twice the inner diameter of the air delivery pipe.

[0015] Preferably, it comprises: a lower hopper; the lower hopper is communicated with the inner cavity of the furnace body.

[0016] Preferably, it comprises: a heat insulation layer, which is sandwiched between the furnace body and the lower hopper.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this application include:

[0018] 1) The biochar production device for the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases of tobacco provided in the present application divides the furnace body into upper and lower heating zones by arranging a partition plate in the existing furnace body, and at the same time, a plurality of air inlet pipes are arranged on the partition plate, and air outlets are opened on the side walls of the air inlet pipes, so that the powdered biomass material falling into the furnace body is continuously in contact with the airflow on each layer of the partition plate, effectively extending the heating time of the biomass material in each zone, allowing it to fully undergo thermal cracking reaction, and effectively improving the biochar conversion rate of the final product.

[0019] 2) The biomass charcoal production device for the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases of tobacco provided in the present application sets the temperature of the gas introduced into the area above the partition plate to 160~210°C, and uses the upper heating area to fully heat the falling biomass material powder particles first, and after preheating and cracking, enters the lower heating area, and after fully contacting with the gas with a temperature of 340~400°C in the lower heating area, the material is discharged, which can increase the conversion rate of the biomass material by 10%~20%, reaching a biomass charcoal conversion rate of more than 40%.

[0020] 3) The biochar production device for the prevention and control of soil-borne diseases of tobacco provided in this application can effectively achieve partial carbonization of the outer wall material of the biomass material and form a thermal cracking precursor after the biomass material is fully heated to 160~210℃. After entering the lower heating zone, this part of the precursor can further undergo a thermal cracking reaction with the internal material at this temperature, thereby effectively increasing the overall thermal cracking reaction ratio of the powder particles and thus improving the conversion rate. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the main structure of the biochar production method for preventing and controlling soil-borne tobacco diseases provided in this application;

[0022] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the top view of the partition plate provided in this application;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure of the partition plate provided in this application.

[0024] Legend:

[0025] 1. Furnace cover; 2. Furnace body; 3. Insulation layer; 4. Lower hopper; 5. Upper heating zone; 6. Lower heating zone; 21. First material partition plate; 22. Air inlet pipe; 23. Second material partition plate; 211. Plate body; 212. Through hole; 213. Air inlet assembly; 214. Main air inlet pipe; 231. Cap body; 232. Exhaust hole; 234. Air supply pipe. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0027] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention claimed for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] Technical features that are not used to solve the technical problems of the present application are all set or installed according to the commonly used methods in the prior art and will not be described here.

[0029] See also Figures 1 to 3The biochar production device for preventing and controlling soil-borne diseases of tobacco provided in this application is used in a continuous vertical biomass carbonization furnace. For other detailed contents, please refer to the existing continuous vertical biomass carbonization furnace structure.

[0030] Specifically, it includes: a furnace cover 1 arranged on the top surface of the furnace body 2 for feeding the material, and an exhaust port is arranged on the furnace cover 1. A cavity is formed inside the furnace body 2, and the cavity is used for the falling biomass material to meet the floating gas in counterflow for heat exchange.

[0031] In order to set different heating temperature zones in the furnace body 2, a first material partition plate 21 is set in the middle of the inner cavity of the furnace body 2, and a second material partition plate 23 is set in the lower part of the inner cavity of the furnace body 2; the first material partition plate 21 and the second material partition plate 23 are respectively connected to pipelines of gas generation systems with different temperatures; gases with different temperatures are transported to different temperature zones in the furnace body 2, so as to realize two-stage heating of the falling biomass materials.

[0032] When in use, after the material is discharged from the top of the furnace body 2, the temperature of the gas introduced into the separated upper heating zone 5 is 160~210℃, which promotes the preheating and local cracking of the falling powder material, which is beneficial to increase the conversion ratio of biomass material to biochar. Specifically, the heating time of the material in this temperature zone can be controlled by controlling the air intake time of the first temperature air intake system. When the heating is completed, the first temperature air intake system can be closed, so that the material is discharged through the through hole 212 into the lower heating zone 6. The temperature of the gas introduced into the lower heating zone 6 is 340~400℃, and thermal cracking is completed to obtain biochar. Similarly, after the heating treatment is completed, the material can be discharged by closing the second temperature air intake system. The powder remaining in each temperature zone can be purged by ventilation again, or cleaned by setting a purge and discharge device on the side wall of the furnace body 2.

[0033] Specifically, the first material partition plate 21 and the second material partition plate 23 have similar structures, and only the first material partition plate 21 is used as an example for description: the first material partition plate 21 includes: a plate body 211, a plurality of through holes 212, a plurality of air intake components 213, and a main air intake pipe 214. The plate body 211 is provided with a plurality of through holes 212 at intervals, and a plurality of air intake components 213 extend out of the plate body 211 at intervals, and the air intake components 213 are arranged between the through holes 212, so as to form an airflow in the through hole 212 area, which can support the biomass powder material on the one hand, and prevent the unevenly heated powder material from entering the lower heating zone 6 on the other hand.

[0034] A more preferred embodiment is to set an air intake assembly 213 between any two adjacent through holes 212. In this case, the exhaust holes 232 on the side walls of the air intake assembly 213 are symmetrically arranged to achieve effective airflow coverage of the through holes 212 on both sides, thereby achieving effective and comprehensive heating of the powdered biomass material.

[0035] The main air intake pipe 214 is arranged on the central axis of the plate body 211. Due to its large air intake volume, it is used to realize the waste heat in the temperature zone. In a specific embodiment, the inner diameter of the main air intake pipe 214 is twice the inner diameter of the opening on the side wall of the air delivery pipe 234. The specific air pressure can be regulated by the air intake system, which will not be described here.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the through hole 212 is a hole opened on the top surface of the plate body 211 as a feed hole, and the hole is recessed into the plate body 211, which is conducive to feeding after the airflow is reduced.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the air intake assembly 213 includes: an air pipe 234, a cap body 231, and an exhaust hole 232; the air pipe 234 is buried in the hollow structure of the plate body 211, and one end of the air pipe 234 extends out of the plate body 211 and a cap body 231 is set on the top opening to prevent powder from clogging the air pipe 234, while the gas is discharged through the exhaust hole 232 opened on the side wall.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, it includes: an air intake pipe 22, which is inserted into the side wall of the furnace body 2 and connects the air delivery pipe 234 with each air intake system to achieve air intake.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the exhaust holes 232 are symmetrically disposed on two opposite side walls at one end of the air delivery pipe 234 , and can also be adjusted according to the location of the through hole 212 .

[0040] In a specific embodiment, the material hopper 4 is connected to the furnace body 2. To prevent the material hopper 4 from being deformed by heat, a heat insulation layer 3 can be set between the material hopper 4 and the furnace body 2. The heat insulation material is filled to prevent heat radiation to the outside. To achieve material discharge, a plurality of material discharge holes are set on the heat insulation layer 3. Each material discharge hole is aligned with the through hole 212 on the second heat insulation plate. Example

[0041] Unless otherwise specified, the raw materials used in the following examples are all commercially available products, and the device structures used in each example are as described above.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] 50 kg of straw particles that have passed through a 60-mesh sieve are placed under the top of the furnace body 2, and the temperature of the gas entering the separated upper heating zone 5 is 160°C.

[0044] By controlling the air intake time of the first temperature air intake system, the heating time of the material in the temperature zone is controlled. After 2 hours of ventilation, the first temperature air intake system is closed.

[0045] The temperature of the gas introduced into the lower heating zone 6 is 400°C. The ventilation starts 30 minutes before the first temperature air intake system is closed. The ventilation time is 1.5 hours. After the thermal cracking is completed, the second temperature air intake system is closed and the material is discharged.

[0046] Example 2

[0047] 50 kg of straw particles that have passed through a 60-mesh sieve are placed under the top of the furnace body 2, and the temperature of the gas entering the separated upper heating zone 5 is 210°C.

[0048] By controlling the air intake time of the first temperature air intake system, the heating time of the material in the temperature zone is controlled. After 2.5 hours of ventilation, the first temperature air intake system is closed.

[0049] The temperature of the gas introduced into the lower heating zone 6 is 340°C. The ventilation starts 30 minutes before the first temperature air intake system is closed. The ventilation time is 2 hours. After the thermal cracking is completed, the second temperature air intake system is closed and the material is discharged.

[0050] Example 3

[0051] 50 kg of straw particles that have passed through a 60-mesh sieve are placed under the top of the furnace body 2, and the temperature of the gas entering the separated upper heating zone 5 is 200°C.

[0052] By controlling the air intake time of the first temperature air intake system, the heating time of the material in the temperature zone is controlled. After 2 hours of ventilation, the first temperature air intake system is closed.

[0053] The temperature of the gas introduced into the lower heating zone 6 is 360°C. The ventilation starts 30 minutes before the first temperature air intake system is closed. The ventilation time is 1.5 hours. After the thermal cracking is completed, the second temperature air intake system is closed and the material is discharged.

[0054] For the samples obtained in each embodiment, the mass of biochar was measured according to the conventional detection method, and the proportion of the mass of biochar to the mass of the sample was calculated. The results are as follows:

[0055]

[0056] From the above results, it can be seen that the device provided by the present application can effectively improve the conversion rate of biochar in the existing continuous vertical biomass carbonization furnace, which is basically above 40%. It is beneficial to improve the control efficiency of the obtained biochar in preventing soil-borne diseases in tobacco field soil, and is beneficial to the use of biochar in preventing soil-borne diseases in tobacco field soil.

[0057] Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, it is still possible for those skilled in the art to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or to make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features therein. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biochar production device for preventing and controlling tobacco soil-borne diseases, It is characterized in that include: A first material partition plate and a second material partition plate disposed in the furnace body; The first material partition plate is arranged in the middle of the inner cavity of the furnace body, and divides the inner cavity of the furnace body into an upper heating zone and a lower heating zone; the second material partition plate is arranged in the lower part of the inner cavity of the furnace body; The first material partition plate is connected to the first temperature air intake system pipeline, and the temperature of the gas introduced is 160-210°C; The second material partition plate is connected to the second temperature air intake system pipeline, and the temperature of the gas introduced is 340-400°C; The first material separation plate and the second material separation plate are both provided with a plurality of through holes and a plurality of air inlet components at intervals; The air intake assembly includes: a cap body, a plurality of exhaust holes, and an air delivery pipe; the air delivery pipe is accommodated in the first material separation plate and the second material separation plate, and extends out of the first material separation plate and the second material separation plate; the cap body is arranged on the extended end of the air delivery pipe; and a plurality of exhaust holes are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the extended end of the air delivery pipe; At least one air intake assembly is arranged between any two adjacent through holes; It includes: a main air intake pipe; the main air intake pipe is arranged at the central axis of the first material partition plate and the second material partition plate; The inner diameter of the main air intake pipe is twice the inner diameter of the air delivery pipe; It includes: a lower hopper; the lower hopper is connected with the inner cavity of the furnace body; The utility model comprises: a heat insulating layer, wherein the heat insulating layer is sandwiched between the furnace body and the lower hopper.

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