Drilling crack detection system

Abstract

The present application provides a borehole fracture detection system, which includes: an acquisition device, the acquisition device is used to acquire multiple image data to be processed, multiple acoustic wave signals to be processed, and multiple radar signals to be processed, wherein the image data to be processed is image data of the near-field surrounding rock, the acoustic wave signals to be processed are acoustic wave signals of the mid-field surrounding rock, and the radar signals to be processed are radar signals of the far-field surrounding rock; and a processing device, the processing device communicating with the acquisition device, is used to determine the borehole fracture based on the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signals to be processed, and the radar signals to be processed. The detection system solves the problem in the prior art that the prior art cannot simultaneously detect fractures in the borehole rock wall, the mid-field of the borehole surrounding rock, and the far-field of the borehole surrounding rock.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of coal mine geological structure detection, and in particular to a borehole crack detection system. Background Art

[0002] Detailed detection of fractures in coal pillar dams typically requires geological drilling verification at a suitable location, combined with the collection of borehole rock wall data and borehole surrounding rock data using the more mature optical borehole television and borehole sonic wave instrumentation, respectively. Optical borehole television can capture real-time digital images of the borehole rock wall, enabling fracture detection within the borehole rock wall. However, optical borehole television cannot determine the extension characteristics of fractures. Borehole sonic wave instruments can capture real-time acoustic reflection characteristics of different structural surfaces and unfavorable geological bodies near the mid-field of the borehole surrounding rock, enabling fracture detection near the mid-field of the borehole surrounding rock, but cannot detect fractures in the far-field of the borehole surrounding rock.

[0003] From the above, it can be seen that the existing technology can only detect cracks in the borehole rock wall or in the vicinity of the borehole surrounding rock mid-field, and cannot simultaneously detect cracks in the borehole rock wall, the borehole surrounding rock mid-field and the borehole surrounding rock far-field. In addition, since the optical borehole television cannot capture a complete image of the entire rock wall of the borehole, the borehole sonic instrument cannot obtain the acoustic reflection characteristics of all areas near the borehole surrounding rock mid-field, only a small part of the collected data is used to determine the borehole cracks, which can easily lead to misjudgment or even wrong decision-making. It cannot meet the current needs of efficient information processing and analysis in coal mining, and it cannot determine and intuitively display the spatial distribution characteristics of borehole cracks. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The main purpose of the present application is to provide a borehole crack detection system to at least solve the problem in the prior art that cracks in the borehole rock wall, the middle field of the borehole surrounding rock and the far field of the borehole surrounding rock cannot be detected simultaneously.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, according to one aspect of the present application, a system for detecting borehole fractures is provided, the detection system comprising: an acquisition device, the acquisition device being used to acquire a plurality of image data to be processed, a plurality of acoustic wave signals to be processed, and a plurality of radar signals to be processed, the image data to be processed being image data of near-field surrounding rock, the acoustic wave signals to be processed being acoustic wave signals of mid-field surrounding rock, and the radar signals to be processed being radar signals of far-field surrounding rock, the near-field surrounding rock being the rock wall of the borehole, the mid-field surrounding rock being the surrounding rock of the borehole whose distance from the near-field surrounding rock is within a first preset distance range, and the far-field surrounding rock being the surrounding rock of the borehole whose distance from the near-field surrounding rock is within a second preset distance range, the upper limit value of the first preset distance range being equal to the lower limit value of the second preset distance range; and a processing device, the processing device being in communication with the acquisition device, the processing device being used to determine borehole fractures based on the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signals to be processed, and the radar signals to be processed.

[0006] Optionally, the acquisition device includes: a direction control module, the direction control module includes a direction control unit and a shielding tube, a window is provided on the side of the shielding tube, the direction control unit is used to control the azimuth angle and the opening of the window, the azimuth angle is the angle of rotation of the window along the central axis of the shielding tube; an image acquisition module, the image acquisition module is located in the shielding tube, the image acquisition module is used to acquire the image data to be processed through the window; an acoustic wave acquisition module, the acoustic wave acquisition module is located in the shielding tube, the acoustic wave acquisition module is used to acquire the acoustic wave signal to be processed through the window; a radar acquisition module, the radar acquisition module is located in the shielding tube, the radar acquisition module is used to acquire the radar signal to be processed through the window.

[0007] Optionally, the processing device is used to determine the borehole cracks based on the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signal to be processed and the radar signal to be processed, including: the processing device is used to generate a first three-dimensional model based on the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signal to be processed and the radar signal to be processed, the shape of the first three-dimensional model is a hexahedron, the first three-dimensional model is composed of a plurality of cubes of the same size, and the first three-dimensional model is divided into a first layer, a second layer and a third layer along the direction from the front of the first three-dimensional model to the back of the first three-dimensional model, the first layer includes a row of the cubes, the second layer includes multiple rows of the cubes, and the third layer includes multiple rows of the cubes, the white cubes belonging to the same column in the first layer represent the crack areas in the same orientation in the near-field surrounding rock, and the black cubes belonging to the same column in the first layer represent the non-crack areas in the same orientation in the near-field surrounding rock. The white cubes belonging to the same column in the second layer represent the crack areas at the same orientation in the midfield surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same column in the second layer represent the non-crack areas at the same orientation in the midfield surrounding rock, the white cubes belonging to the same row in the second layer represent the crack areas at the same depth in the midfield surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same row in the second layer represent the non-crack areas at the same depth in the midfield surrounding rock, the white cubes belonging to the same column in the third layer represent the crack areas at the same orientation in the far-field surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same column in the third layer represent the non-crack areas at the same orientation in the far-field surrounding rock, the white cubes belonging to the same row in the third layer represent the crack areas at the same depth in the far-field surrounding rock, and the black cubes belonging to the same row in the third layer represent the non-crack areas at the same depth in the far-field surrounding rock.

[0008] Optionally, the processing device is also used to convert the first three-dimensional model into a second three-dimensional model, wherein the second three-dimensional model is a hollow cylinder, and the second three-dimensional model is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped bodies of the same size. The fan-shaped bodies of the second three-dimensional model correspond one-to-one to the cubes of the first three-dimensional model. The second three-dimensional model is divided into a hollow layer, a fourth layer, a fifth layer and a sixth layer along the radial direction of the first three-dimensional model from the inside to the outside. The hollow layer represents the borehole, the white fan-shaped body of the fourth layer represents the fracture area of ​​the near-field surrounding rock, the black fan-shaped body of the fourth layer represents the non-fracture area of ​​the near-field surrounding rock, the white fan-shaped body of the fifth layer represents the fracture area of ​​the midfield surrounding rock, the black fan-shaped body of the fifth layer represents the non-fracture area of ​​the midfield surrounding rock, the white fan-shaped body of the sixth layer represents the fracture area of ​​the far-field surrounding rock, and the black fan-shaped body of the sixth layer represents the non-fracture area of ​​the far-field surrounding rock.

[0009] Optionally, the processing device is used to generate a first three-dimensional model based on the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signal to be processed and the radar signal to be processed, including: the processing device is used to construct a first image matrix based on all the image data to be processed, the first image matrix is ​​composed of multiple first elements, the image data to be processed contained in the first elements belonging to the same row belong to the area with the same orientation in the near-field surrounding rock, and the image data to be processed contained in the first elements belonging to the same column belong to the area with the same depth in the near-field surrounding rock; the processing device is used to construct a first acoustic wave matrix based on all the acoustic wave signals to be processed, the first acoustic wave matrix is ​​composed of multiple second elements, the acoustic wave signals to be processed contained in the second elements belonging to the same row belong to the area with the same orientation in the midfield surrounding rock, and the image data to be processed contained in the first elements belonging to the same column belong to the area with the same depth in the near-field surrounding rock. The processed acoustic wave signals belong to the area with the same depth in the mid-field surrounding rock; the processing device is used to construct a first radar matrix based on all the radar signals to be processed, the first radar matrix is ​​composed of multiple third elements, the radar signals to be processed contained in the third elements belonging to the same row belong to the area with the same orientation in the far-field surrounding rock, and the radar signals to be processed contained in the third elements belonging to the same column belong to the area with the same depth in the far-field surrounding rock; the processing device is used to preprocess the first image matrix to obtain a second image matrix, the processing device is used to preprocess the first acoustic wave matrix to obtain a second acoustic wave matrix, the processing device is used to preprocess the first radar matrix to obtain a second radar matrix; the processing device is used to generate the first three-dimensional model based on the second image matrix, the second acoustic wave matrix and the second radar matrix.

[0010] Optionally, the processing device is used to preprocess the first image matrix to obtain the second image matrix, including: the processing device is used to perform median filtering, binarization and target screening on the first image matrix in sequence to obtain the second image matrix.

[0011] Optionally, the processing device is used to preprocess the first acoustic wave matrix to obtain the second acoustic wave matrix, which includes: the processing device is used to perform energy quantization processing, signal envelope processing and mesoscale crack position estimation on the first acoustic wave matrix in sequence to obtain the second acoustic wave matrix.

[0012] Optionally, the processing device is used to preprocess the first radar matrix to obtain the second radar matrix, including: the processing device is used to perform wavelet transform processing, binarization processing and large-scale crack position estimation on the first radar matrix in sequence to obtain the second radar matrix.

[0013] Optionally, the processing device is used to determine the first number of connected fissures based on the first three-dimensional model, where the first number of connected fissures is the number of a group of white cubes that are adjacent to each other and belong to the same row in the first three-dimensional model.

[0014] Optionally, the processing device is used to determine a second number of connected cracks based on the first three-dimensional model, where the second number of connected cracks is the number of a group of adjacent white cubes belonging to different rows and columns in the first three-dimensional model.

[0015] By applying the technical solution of the present application, an acquisition device is used to collect image data of the near-field surrounding rock, acoustic wave signals of the mid-field surrounding rock, and radar signals of the far-field surrounding rock. A processing device determines the borehole cracks based on the image data of the near-field surrounding rock, the acoustic wave signals of the mid-field surrounding rock, and the radar signals of the far-field surrounding rock, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that cracks in the borehole rock wall, the mid-field of the borehole surrounding rock, and the far-field of the borehole surrounding rock cannot be detected simultaneously. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The drawings that constitute part of this application are used to provide a further understanding of this application. The illustrative embodiments of this application and their descriptions are used to explain this application and do not constitute an improper limitation on this application. In the drawings:

[0017] Figure 1 A structural block diagram of a borehole crack detection system provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0018] Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a data acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0019] Figure 3 shows a structural block diagram of another data acquisition device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 shows a structural block diagram of a direction control module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 shows a structural block diagram of another direction control module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 FIG4 shows a small-scale crack visualization provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 A mesoscale fracture visualization provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0024] Figure 8A schematic diagram of large-scale crack visualization provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0025] Figure 9 shows a schematic diagram of a first three-dimensional model provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 10 A schematic diagram of a same-scale fracture connectivity estimation provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0027] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of multi-scale fracture connectivity estimation provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown;

[0028] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of a second three-dimensional model provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown.

[0029] The above drawings include the following reference numerals:

[0030] 10. Acquisition device; 11. In-hole probe; 12. Radar transmitting unit; 13. Electromagnetic wave isolation unit; 14. Sound wave transmitting unit; 15. Sound wave isolation unit; 16. Image acquisition module; 17. Sound wave receiving unit; 18. Radar receiving unit; 20. Processing device; 30. Direction control module; 31. Direction control unit; 32. Shielding tube; 33. Window; 40. Near-field surrounding rock; 50. Mid-field surrounding rock; 60. Far-field surrounding rock. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments in this application can be combined with each other. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in combination with the embodiments.

[0032] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchanged where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described here. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0034] As introduced in the background technology, the existing technology is unable to simultaneously detect cracks in the borehole rock wall, the middle field of the borehole surrounding rock, and the far field of the borehole surrounding rock. In order to solve the problem that the existing technology is unable to simultaneously detect cracks in the borehole rock wall, the middle field of the borehole surrounding rock, and the far field of the borehole surrounding rock, an embodiment of the present application provides a borehole crack detection system.

[0035] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention.

[0036] In this embodiment, a drilling crack detection system is provided.

[0037] Figure 1 FIG. 1 is a structural block diagram of a detection system for borehole cracks according to an embodiment of the present application. Figure 1 As shown, the detection system includes:

[0038] An acquisition device 10, the acquisition device 10 is used to acquire a plurality of image data to be processed, a plurality of acoustic wave signals to be processed, and a plurality of radar signals to be processed, the image data to be processed being image data of near-field surrounding rock, the acoustic wave signals to be processed being acoustic wave signals of mid-field surrounding rock, and the radar signals to be processed being radar signals of far-field surrounding rock, the near-field surrounding rock being the rock wall of the borehole, the mid-field surrounding rock being the surrounding rock of the borehole whose distance from the near-field surrounding rock is within a first preset distance range, and the far-field surrounding rock being the surrounding rock of the borehole whose distance from the near-field surrounding rock is within a second preset distance range, and the upper limit of the first preset distance range is equal to the lower limit of the second preset distance range;

[0039] Specifically, in order to solve the problem that the existing technology cannot simultaneously detect cracks in the borehole rock wall, the midfield of the borehole surrounding rock and the far field of the borehole surrounding rock, it is necessary to collect structural characteristic information of the near-field surrounding rock, the midfield surrounding rock and the far-field surrounding rock. The present application provides an acquisition device that can collect image data of the near-field surrounding rock, acoustic wave signals of the midfield surrounding rock and radar signals of the far-field surrounding rock.

[0040] It should be noted that the first preset distance range is 0.1m to 1m, and the second preset distance range is 1m to 20m;

[0041] In order to realize the all-round acquisition of structural characteristic information of near-field surrounding rock, mid-field surrounding rock and far-field surrounding rock, such as Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the above-mentioned acquisition device includes:

[0042] A direction control module 30 includes a direction control unit 31 and a shielding cylinder 32. A window 33 is provided on the side of the shielding cylinder 32. The direction control unit 31 is used to control the azimuth angle and the opening of the window 33. The azimuth angle is the angle at which the window 33 rotates along the central axis of the shielding cylinder.

[0043] Specifically, such as Figure 3 As shown, the direction control unit 31 is located at the upper part of the direction control module 30. The direction control unit 31 mainly includes a scanning control motor, a motor control circuit, a slip ring, a dynamic seal, a static seal, a protective shell and the like. The direction control unit 31 controls the axial rotation of the shielding tube 32 and the window 33 of the shielding tube 32, so that the window 33 rotates uniformly along the central axis of the shielding tube 32, thereby realizing the circumferential uniform collection of structural feature information of near-field surrounding rock, mid-field surrounding rock and far-field surrounding rock in the horizontal direction of the borehole. The shielding tube 32 and the window 33 form a complete cylinder. At the same time, the direction control unit 31 also controls the opening of the window 33. The opening of the window 33 determines the circumferential detection range of the acquisition device. The larger the opening of the window 33, the larger the circumferential angle range of each detection, that is, the higher the detection efficiency in the horizontal direction of the borehole, and the larger the opening of the window 33, the smaller the circumferential angle range of each detection, that is, the higher the detection accuracy in the horizontal direction of the borehole.

[0044] It should be noted that if Figure 3 As shown, there is a certain gap between the shielding tube 32 and the radar transmitting unit 12, the electromagnetic wave isolation unit 13, the sound wave transmitting unit 14, the sound wave isolation unit 15, the image acquisition module 16, the sound wave receiving unit 17, and the radar receiving unit 18, to ensure that the shielding tube 32 can rotate relative to the radar transmitting unit 12, the electromagnetic wave isolation unit 13, the sound wave transmitting unit 14, the sound wave isolation unit 15, the image acquisition module 16, the sound wave receiving unit 17, and the radar receiving unit 18.

[0045] An image acquisition module 16 is located in the shielding cylinder and is used to acquire the image data to be processed through the window.

[0046] Specifically, the shielding tube 32 ensures that the image acquisition module 16 only acquires image data of the near-field surrounding rock 40 through the window 33 .

[0047] An acoustic wave collection module is located in the shielding tube 32 and is used to collect acoustic wave signals to be processed through the window 33. The acoustic wave signals to be processed are acoustic wave signals from the midfield surrounding rock 50.

[0048] Specifically, such as Figure 2 and 3 As shown, the sound wave collection module includes a sound wave transmitting unit 14 and a sound wave receiving unit 17 , and the shielding tube 32 ensures that the radar transmitting unit 12 only transmits sound wave signals through the window 33 , and ensures that the sound wave receiving unit 17 only collects sound wave signals to be processed through the window 33 .

[0049] The radar acquisition module is located in the shielding tube. The radar acquisition module is used to acquire radar signals to be processed through the window 33 . The radar signals to be processed are radar signals from the far-field surrounding rock 60 .

[0050] Specifically, the shielding tube 32 ensures that the radar transmitting unit 12 transmits radar signals only through the window 33 , and ensures that the radar receiving unit 18 receives radar signals to be processed only through the window 33 .

[0051] In this embodiment, a shielding tube with a window is provided outside the image processing module, the sound wave acquisition module and the radar acquisition module, and the rotation angle of the window along the central axis of the shielding tube is controlled by the direction control unit, thereby realizing the circumferential uniform speed acquisition of the structural characteristic information of the near-field surrounding rock, the mid-field surrounding rock and the far-field surrounding rock in the horizontal direction of the drilling.

[0052] It should be noted that if Figure 2 and Figure 3As shown, the acquisition device further includes an in-hole probe 11, which is a cylindrical structure. The upper part of the in-hole probe 11 is provided with a power control module (for powering the data circuit in the acquisition device), a signal transmission cable (for transmitting signals) and a signal control module (for controlling signals), etc., and the lower part of the in-hole probe 11 is provided with a radar transmitting unit 12, an electromagnetic wave isolation unit 13, an acoustic wave transmitting unit 14, an acoustic wave isolation unit 15, an image acquisition module 16, an acoustic wave receiving unit 17 and a radar receiving unit 18 in sequence. The electromagnetic wave isolation unit 13 is mainly a cylinder formed of electromagnetic shielding material, with a hole in the middle. There is a threading hole, an electromagnetic wave isolation unit 13 is arranged between the radar transmitting unit 12 and the sound wave transmitting unit 14, and an electromagnetic wave isolation unit 13 is also arranged between the sound wave receiving unit 17 and the radar receiving unit 18. The electromagnetic wave isolation unit 13 is used to shield the interference of the radar signal. The sound wave isolation unit 8 is mainly a cylinder formed of sound wave shielding material with a threading hole in the middle. An sound wave isolation unit 15 is provided between the sound wave transmitting unit 14 and the image acquisition module 16, and an sound wave isolation unit 15 is also provided between the image acquisition module 16 and the sound wave receiving unit 17. The sound wave isolation unit 15 is used to shield the interference of the sound wave signal.

[0053] It should also be noted that the central axes of the in-hole probe 11, the radar transmitting unit 12, the electromagnetic wave isolation unit 13, the sound wave transmitting unit 14, the sound wave isolation unit 15, the image acquisition module 16, the sound wave receiving unit 17, the radar receiving unit 18 and the direction control module 30 coincide with each other;

[0054] It should also be noted that the radar transmitting unit 12 is mainly composed of a radar transmitting antenna and a transmitting circuit; the radar receiving unit 18 is mainly composed of a radar receiving antenna and a receiving circuit; the sound wave transmitting unit 14 is mainly composed of a sound wave transmitting transducer and a transmitting circuit; the sound wave receiving unit 17 is mainly composed of a sound wave receiving transducer and a receiving circuit; the image acquisition module 16 is mainly composed of a camera module, a light source module and a conical mirror;

[0055] The processing device 20 communicates with the acquisition device 10 and is used to determine the borehole fracture based on the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signal to be processed, and the radar signal to be processed.

[0056] It should be noted that the specific process of collecting the above-mentioned image data to be processed is as follows:

[0057] Step 1.1.1. Lower the in-hole probe into the borehole to be detected through the existing armored cable. If the borehole is non-vertical, it is necessary to use a push rod to push the in-hole probe into the borehole to be detected.

[0058] Step 1.1.2: The processing device controls the in-hole probe, and the image control module starts working, that is, the light source module lights up, and light passes through the window to illuminate the corresponding near-field surrounding rock. The camera module starts to collect image data of the near-field surrounding rock corresponding to the window;

[0059] Step 1.1.3, after collecting the image data of the near-field surrounding rock at the azimuth, synchronize the image data of the near-field surrounding rock at the azimuth, the geographic azimuth angle corresponding to the window 33, and the drilling depth information of the in-hole probe to the processing device, and display and store them;

[0060] Step 1.1.4: After the signal transmission of the orientation is completed, the direction control unit controls the window to rotate to a fixed angle, and the camera module starts to collect image data of the near-field surrounding rock corresponding to the window, and then transmits, displays and stores the data;

[0061] Step 1.1.5: After acquiring image data of the near-field surrounding rock at different directions at the same depth, the window rotates once, and the in-hole probe is lowered to a certain depth via an armored cable or a push rod to obtain image data of the near-field surrounding rock at adjacent depths;

[0062] Step 1.1.6: Repeat steps 1.1.3, 1.1.4, and 1.1.5 until the image data of the near-field surrounding rock of the complete borehole is collected, and then the in-hole probe is lifted to complete the image data collection of the near-field surrounding rock.

[0063] It should also be noted that the specific process of collecting the above-mentioned sound wave signal to be processed is as follows:

[0064] Step 1.2.1: Lower the in-hole probe into the borehole to be detected via the existing armored cable. If the borehole is non-vertical, use a push rod to push the in-hole probe into the borehole to be detected.

[0065] Step 1.2.2: The processing device controls the in-hole probe, and the acoustic wave transmitting unit and the acoustic wave receiving unit start working. The acoustic wave signal emitted by the acoustic wave transmitting unit passes through the window and is transmitted into the midfield surrounding rock. When the acoustic wave signal encounters the mesoscale fracture structure, the acoustic wave signal is reflected. The acoustic wave reflection signal (i.e., the above-mentioned acoustic wave signal to be processed) passes through the window, and the acoustic wave receiving unit receives the above-mentioned acoustic wave signal to be processed;

[0066] Step 1.2.3, after collecting the acoustic wave signal at the orientation, synchronize the acoustic wave signal to be processed, the geographical orientation angle corresponding to the window, and the drilling depth information of the in-hole probe to the processing device, and display and store them;

[0067] Step 1.2.4: After the transmission of the acoustic wave signal to be processed in the orientation is completed, the direction control unit controls the signal control serial port to rotate a fixed angle, and the acoustic wave signal is transmitted into the midfield surrounding rock. When the acoustic wave signal encounters the mesoscale fracture structure, the acoustic wave signal is reflected, and the acoustic wave reflection signal (i.e., the above-mentioned acoustic wave signal to be processed) passes through the window. The acoustic wave receiving unit receives the above-mentioned acoustic wave signal to be processed and converts the above-mentioned acoustic wave signal to be processed into an acoustic wave signal to be processed, and then transmits, displays and stores the data;

[0068] Step 1.2.5: After collecting the acoustic wave signals at different directions at the same depth, the window rotates one circle, and the probe in the hole is lowered to a certain depth through the armored cable or push rod to collect the acoustic wave signals to be processed at adjacent depths;

[0069] Step 1.2.6, repeat steps 1.2.3, 1.2.4, and 1.2.5 until the acoustic wave signal data collection of the entire borehole is completed, and the probe in the hole is lifted to end the collection of the unprocessed acoustic wave signals of the surrounding rock in the midfield.

[0070] It should also be noted that the specific process of collecting the above radar signals to be processed is as follows:

[0071] Step 1.3.1. Lower the in-hole probe into the borehole to be detected through the existing armored cable. If the borehole is non-vertical, use a push rod to push the in-hole probe into the borehole to be detected.

[0072] Step 1.3.2: The processing device controls the in-hole probe, and the radar transmitting unit and the radar receiving unit start working. The radar signal emitted by the radar transmitting unit passes through the window and is transmitted into the far-field surrounding rock. When the radar signal encounters a large-scale fracture structure, the radar signal is reflected. The radar reflection signal (the radar signal to be processed) passes through the window and is received by the radar receiving unit.

[0073] Step 1.3.3, after collecting the radar signal at the azimuth, synchronize the radar signal to be processed, the geographical azimuth angle corresponding to the window, and the borehole depth information of the probe in the hole to the processing device, and display and store them;

[0074] Step 1.3.4: After the radar signal to be processed in the azimuth is transmitted, the direction control unit controls the window to rotate a fixed angle. The radar signal transmitted by the radar transmitting unit passes through the window and is transmitted into the far-field surrounding rock. When the radar signal encounters a large-scale fracture structure, the radar signal is reflected. The radar reflection signal (the radar signal to be processed) passes through the window. The radar receiving unit receives the radar signal to be processed and converts the radar signal to be processed into a radar signal to be processed. The radar signal to be processed is then transmitted, displayed, and stored.

[0075] Step 1.3.5: After collecting radar signals at different directions at the same depth, the window rotates once, and the probe in the hole is lowered to a certain depth via an armored cable or a push rod to collect radar signals at adjacent depths.

[0076] Step 1.3.6, repeat steps 1.3.3, 1.3.4, and 1.3.5 until the radar signal of the entire borehole is collected, and then the probe in the hole is raised to complete the collection of the radar signal to be processed of the far-field surrounding rock.

[0077] The above-mentioned image data acquisition process to be processed, the sound wave signal acquisition process to be processed and the radar signal acquisition process to be processed can be completed synchronously or separately. Since an electromagnetic wave isolation unit and an acoustic wave isolation unit are provided in the middle of the above-mentioned acquisition device, when the image data acquisition process, the sound wave signal acquisition process to be processed and the radar signal acquisition process to be processed are carried out synchronously, there is no excessive signal interference between the three, and the image data to be processed, the sound wave signal to be processed and the radar signal to be processed can be quickly acquired, that is, the structural characteristic information of the near-field surrounding rock, the mid-field surrounding rock and the far-field surrounding rock can be quickly acquired.

[0078] In order to visualize the spatial distribution characteristics of the borehole fractures, in an optional solution, the processing device is configured to determine the borehole fractures based on the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signal to be processed, and the radar signal to be processed, including:

[0079] The above-mentioned processing device is used to determine the borehole cracks based on the above-mentioned image data to be processed, the above-mentioned sound wave signal to be processed and the above-mentioned radar signal to be processed, and includes: the above-mentioned processing device is used to generate a first three-dimensional model based on the above-mentioned image data to be processed, the above-mentioned sound wave signal to be processed and the above-mentioned radar signal to be processed, the shape of the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model is a hexahedron, the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model is composed of multiple cubes of the same size, and the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model is divided into a first layer, a second layer and a third layer along the direction from the front of the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model to the back of the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model, the above-mentioned first layer includes a row of the above-mentioned cubes, the above-mentioned second layer includes multiple rows of the above-mentioned cubes, and the above-mentioned third layer includes multiple rows of the above-mentioned cubes. The white cubes belonging to the same column in the above-mentioned first layer represent the crack areas in the same orientation in the above-mentioned near-field surrounding rock, and the black cubes belonging to the same column in the above-mentioned first layer represent the non-crack areas in the same orientation in the above-mentioned near-field surrounding rock. Domain, the white cubes belonging to the same column in the above second layer represent the fracture areas in the same orientation in the above midfield surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same column in the above second layer represent the non-fracture areas in the same orientation in the above midfield surrounding rock, the white cubes belonging to the same row in the above second layer represent the fracture areas at the same depth in the above midfield surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same row in the above second layer represent the non-fracture areas at the same depth in the above midfield surrounding rock, the white cubes belonging to the same column in the above third layer represent the fracture areas in the same orientation in the above far-field surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same column in the above third layer represent the non-fracture areas in the same orientation in the above far-field surrounding rock, the white cubes belonging to the same row in the above third layer represent the fracture areas at the same depth in the above far-field surrounding rock, and the black cubes belonging to the same row in the above third layer represent the non-fracture areas at the same depth in the above far-field surrounding rock.

[0080] In this embodiment, the above-mentioned processing device is used to generate a first three-dimensional model based on the image data to be processed, the sound wave signal to be processed and the radar signal to be processed. The first three-dimensional model represents the near-field surrounding rock, the mid-field surrounding rock and the far-field surrounding rock from the front to the back, respectively, and the crack area is represented by a white cube and the non-crack area is represented by a black cube, thereby intuitively displaying the spatial distribution characteristics of the borehole cracks, thereby realizing the visualization of the spatial distribution characteristics of the borehole cracks.

[0081] The processing device is configured to generate a first three-dimensional model based on the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signal to be processed, and the radar signal to be processed, and includes:

[0082] The processing device is used to construct a first image matrix based on all the image data to be processed, wherein the first image matrix is ​​composed of a plurality of first elements, wherein the image data to be processed contained in the first elements belonging to the same row belong to a region at the same orientation in the near-field surrounding rock, and the image data to be processed contained in the first elements belonging to the same column belong to a region at the same depth in the near-field surrounding rock;

[0083] Specifically, constructing a first image matrix based on all the above-mentioned image data to be processed includes:

[0084] Step 2.1.1, create a first image matrix FI with H rows and N columns;

[0085] Step 2.1.2: grouping, sorting, and mapping the image data to be processed into a first image matrix FI;

[0086] Specifically, grouping is to divide the image data to be processed of the area at the same depth in the borehole into the same row, and to divide the image data to be processed of the area at the same scanning orientation in the borehole into the same column; sorting is to put the image data to be processed of the area at the geographic north in the borehole as the first column of each row, and the image data to be processed of the area at the adjacent geographic north pole as the second column of each row, and so on, and re-sort the image data to be processed; mapping to the first image matrix FI is to map the grouped and sorted image data to be processed into the first image matrix FI, that is, the image data to be processed (color or black and white image) in the first row and first column is mapped into FI[1][1], the image data to be processed in the i-th row and j-th column is mapped into FI[i][j], and so on, until the mapping of the first image matrix FI[H][N] is completed, and each first element in the first image matrix FI contains a borehole rock wall image, and each borehole rock wall image is composed of multiple pixel points.

[0087] The processing device is used to construct a first acoustic wave matrix based on all the acoustic wave signals to be processed, wherein the first acoustic wave matrix is ​​composed of a plurality of second elements, wherein the acoustic wave signals to be processed included in the second elements in the same row belong to a region at a same orientation in the midfield surrounding rock, and the acoustic wave signals to be processed included in the second elements in the same column belong to a region at a same depth in the midfield surrounding rock;

[0088] The specific process of constructing the first sound wave matrix based on all the above-mentioned sound wave signals to be processed is as follows:

[0089] Step 2.2.1, establish the first acoustic wave matrix SO with H rows and N columns;

[0090] Step 2.2.1, grouping, sorting and mapping the above-mentioned acoustic wave signals to be processed to the above-mentioned first acoustic wave matrix SO;

[0091] Specifically, the acoustic wave signals to be processed are grouped, the acoustic wave signals to be processed belonging to the area with the same depth in the borehole are divided into the same row, the acoustic wave signals to be processed belonging to the area with the same scanning orientation in the borehole are divided into the same column, and the acoustic wave signals to be processed are regrouped; the acoustic wave signals to be processed after grouping are sorted, that is, the acoustic wave signals to be processed belonging to the area with the geographic North Pole in the borehole are placed as the first column of each row, the acoustic wave signals to be processed belonging to the area with the geographic orientation adjacent to the geographic North Pole are placed as the second column of each row, and so on, and the acoustic wave signals to be processed are sorted. The acoustic wave signals to be processed are reordered; the grouped and sorted acoustic wave signals to be processed are mapped to the acoustic wave matrix SO, that is, the acoustic wave signal to be processed in the first row and first column is mapped to SO[1][1], the acoustic wave signal to be processed in the i-th row and j-th column is mapped to SO[i][j], and so on, until the mapping of the first acoustic wave matrix SO[H][N] is completed. The acoustic wave signal to be processed contained in each second element in the first acoustic wave matrix SO corresponds to the fracture reflection information of the surrounding rock in a midfield, and the fracture reflection information is composed of multiple acoustic wave signals to be processed.

[0092] The processing device is configured to construct a first radar matrix based on all of the radar signals to be processed, wherein the first radar matrix is ​​composed of a plurality of third elements, wherein the radar signals to be processed included in the third elements in the same row belong to a region at a same orientation in the far-field surrounding rock, and the radar signals to be processed included in the third elements in the same column belong to a region at a same depth in the far-field surrounding rock;

[0093] The specific process of constructing the first radar matrix based on all the above radar signals to be processed is as follows:

[0094] Step 2.3.1, establish the first radar matrix RA with H rows and N columns;

[0095] Step 2.3.1, grouping, sorting, and mapping the radar signals to be processed to the first radar matrix RA;

[0096] Specifically, the radar signals to be processed are grouped, that is, the radar signals to be processed belonging to the same depth in the borehole are divided into the same row, and the radar signals to be processed belonging to the same scanning azimuth in the borehole are divided into the same column; the radar signals to be processed after grouping are sorted, that is, the radar signals to be processed belonging to the geographic North Pole are placed in the first column of each row, and the radar signals to be processed belonging to the area adjacent to the geographic North Pole are placed in the second column of each row, and so on, and the radar signals to be processed are re-sorted; the acoustic wave signals to be processed after grouping and sorting are mapped to the first radar matrix RA, that is, the radar signals to be processed in the first row and first column are mapped to RA[1][1], the radar signals to be processed in the i-th row and j-th column are mapped to RA[i][j], and so on, until the mapping of the first radar matrix RA[H][N] is completed. The radar signals to be processed contained in each third element of the first radar matrix RA correspond to fracture reflection information of the surrounding rock in the far field, and the fracture reflection information is composed of multiple radar signals to be processed.

[0097] It should be noted that the above H is the total depth of the drilling detection divided by the distance between adjacent detection depths, and the result after the division is rounded. The above N is 360 divided by the interval angle between two adjacent detection points at the same depth, and the result after the division is rounded.

[0098] The processing device is used to preprocess the first image matrix to obtain a second image matrix, the processing device is used to preprocess the first acoustic wave matrix to obtain a second acoustic wave matrix, and the processing device is used to preprocess the first radar matrix to obtain a second radar matrix;

[0099] In order to visualize small-scale cracks in the near-field surrounding rock, in an optional solution, the processing device is used to pre-process the first image matrix to obtain a second image matrix including:

[0100] The processing device is used to perform median filtering, binarization and target screening on the first image matrix in sequence to obtain a second image matrix.

[0101] Specifically, such as Figure 6As shown, each first element FI[i][j] in the first image matrix FI is subjected to median filtering to form a third image matrix FII, each element FII[i][j] in the third image matrix FII is binarized to form a fourth image matrix FIII, each element FIII[i][j] of the fourth image matrix FIII is subjected to target screening to form a second image matrix FIIII, and the small-scale cracks at different depths and orientations in the near-field surrounding rock can be intuitively seen through each element FIIII[i][j] of the second image matrix FIIII, thereby realizing the visualization of small-scale cracks in the near-field surrounding rock.

[0102] It should be noted that if Figure 6 As shown, in the elements FIII[i][j] of the fourth image matrix FIII, white pixels represent potential crack areas, and black pixels represent potential non-crack areas. The scale of the closed area formed by the white pixels is evaluated, and the number of white pixels C and the total number of white pixels S in the closed area are counted respectively. If the total number of white pixels S is less than the threshold M1, the closed area formed by the white pixels is converted into black. Otherwise, C*C / S is calculated. If C*C / S is less than the threshold M2, the closed area formed by the white pixels is converted into black. Otherwise, the closed area formed by the original white pixels is retained. In the second image matrix FIIII, white pixels represent crack areas, black pixels represent non-crack areas, M1 represents the pixel number threshold, the larger the threshold, the larger the recognizable crack scale, and the smaller the threshold, the smaller the recognizable crack scale. M2 represents the pixel distribution threshold, the larger the threshold, the larger the recognizable crack aspect ratio, and the smaller the threshold, the smaller the recognizable crack aspect ratio.

[0103] In order to visualize the mesoscale cracks in the midfield surrounding rock, the processing device is used to pre-process the first acoustic wave matrix to obtain a second acoustic wave matrix including:

[0104] The processing device is used to perform energy quantization processing, signal envelope processing and crack position estimation on the first acoustic wave matrix in sequence to obtain the second acoustic wave matrix.

[0105] Specifically, such as Figure 7As shown, each second element SO[i][j] in the first acoustic wave matrix SO is quantized to form a third acoustic wave matrix SOI, each element SOI[i][j] in the third acoustic wave matrix SOI is subjected to signal envelope processing to form a fourth acoustic wave matrix SOII, and each element SOII[i][j] of the fourth acoustic wave matrix SOII is subjected to crack position estimation to form a second acoustic wave matrix SOIII. Through each element SOIII[i][j] of the acoustic wave matrix SOIII, the mesoscale cracks at different depths and orientations in the midfield surrounding rock can be intuitively seen, thereby realizing the visualization of the mesoscale cracks in the midfield surrounding rock.

[0106] It should be noted that energy processing is to square the signal to realize the curve conversion from "sampling point-voltage" to "sampling point-energy". The estimation of the mesoscale crack position is to assume that the end time (the moment when the amplitude of the acoustic wave reflection signal is just less than the set threshold at the end time) corresponding to the first appearance of the acoustic wave reflection signal (the above-mentioned acoustic wave signal to be processed) in the fourth acoustic wave matrix is ​​Te1, then the corresponding opening position of the first crack in this direction is Ls1, and the end time corresponding to the nth appearance of the acoustic wave reflection signal is Ten, then the opening position of the corresponding nth crack in this direction is The position is Lsn. Assuming that the starting time corresponding to the second appearance of the acoustic wave reflection signal in the fourth acoustic wave matrix SOII (the starting time is the time when the amplitude of the acoustic wave reflection signal is just greater than the set threshold) is Ts2, then the corresponding closing position of the first crack in this direction is Le1, and the starting time corresponding to the n+1th acoustic wave reflection signal is Ts(n+1), then the corresponding closing position of the nth crack in this direction is Len, that is, in the field of the borehole surrounding rock, the size length of the first crack is Le1-Ls1, and the size length of the nth crack is Len-Lsn, as shown Figure 4 As shown, each element SOIII[i][j] of the fourth acoustic wave matrix SOIII contains a three-dimensional multi-layer spatial structure, in which the black layer represents the non-crack area, the white layer represents the crack area, and the position and thickness of the white layer represent the position and scale of the crack respectively. The closer the position of the white layer is to the inside, the closer the crack in the surrounding rock of the borehole is to the rock wall of the borehole. The thicker the white layer is, the longer the size of the crack is. The calculation relationship corresponding to the above Ls1 is: The calculation relationship corresponding to Lsn is: The calculation relationship corresponding to Le1 is: The calculation formula corresponding to Len is: Among them, ca is the sound velocity value corresponding to the rock structure at that location, which can be determined by core and geological data, and h1 is the vertical distance between the center point of the sound wave transmitting unit and the center point of the sound wave receiving unit.

[0107] In order to visualize large-scale cracks in the far-field surrounding rock, the processing device is used to pre-process the first radar matrix to obtain a second radar matrix including:

[0108] The processing device is used to sequentially perform wavelet transform processing, binarization processing, and large-scale crack position estimation on the first radar matrix to obtain the second radar matrix.

[0109] Specifically, such as Figure 8 As shown, each third element RA[i][j] in the first radar matrix RA is subjected to wavelet transform processing to reduce noise interference to form a third radar matrix RAI, each element RAII[i][j] in the third radar matrix RAI is binarized to form a fourth radar image matrix RAII, and the crack position of each element RAII[i][j] of the fourth radar image matrix is ​​estimated to form a second radar matrix RAIII. Through each element RAIII[i][j] of the second radar matrix, large-scale cracks at different depths and different orientations in the far-field surrounding rock can be intuitively seen, thereby realizing the visualization of large-scale cracks in the far-field surrounding rock.

[0110] It should be noted that in the second radar matrix, the energy is strong and the energy shows a grayscale difference. If it is defined that the stronger the radar signal energy is, the larger the corresponding grayscale value is, then the weaker the radar signal energy is, the smaller the corresponding grayscale value is; Figure 8 As shown, in the fourth radar matrix RAII, white pixels represent crack areas, and black pixels represent non-crack areas. The large-scale crack position is estimated as follows: Assuming that the time corresponding to the end of the first white area in the fourth radar matrix RAII is Re1, then the corresponding opening position of the first crack in this direction is Rs1, and the time corresponding to the end of the n-th white area is Ren, then the corresponding opening position of the n-th crack in this direction is Hsn. Assuming that the time corresponding to the beginning of the second white area in the fourth radar matrix RAII is Rs2, then the corresponding closing position of the first crack in this direction is He1, and the time corresponding to the beginning of the n+1-th white area is Rs(n +1), then the closed position of the corresponding nth crack in this direction is Hen, that is, in the far field of the borehole surrounding rock, the size length of the first crack is He1-Hs1, and the size length of the nth crack is Hen-Hsn. Each element RAIII[i][j] in the fourth radar matrix RAIII contains a three-dimensional multi-layer spatial structure, in which the black layer represents the non-crack area, the white layer represents the crack area, and the position and thickness of the white layer represent the position and scale of the crack respectively. The closer the position of the white layer is to the inside, the closer the crack in the borehole surrounding rock is to the rock wall of the borehole, and the thicker the white layer is, the longer the crack size is. The calculation relationship corresponding to the above Hs1 is: The calculation relationship corresponding to Hsn is: The calculation relationship corresponding to He1 is: The calculation relationship corresponding to Hen is: Among them, va is the electromagnetic wave propagation velocity value corresponding to the rock structure at that location, which can be determined by rock core and geological data, and h2 is the vertical distance between the center point of the radar transmitting unit and the center point of the radar receiving unit.

[0111] The processing device is used to generate the first three-dimensional model based on the second image matrix, the second acoustic wave matrix and the second radar matrix.

[0112] In this embodiment, Figure 9As shown, a first three-dimensional model, i.e., a three-dimensional geological grid D of H*N*K, is established, i.e., the number of cubes on the front of the three-dimensional geological grid D is H*N, the number of cubes on the top is H*N, and the number of cubes on the side is H*N, wherein the value of K is 1+SM+RM, SM represents the maximum number of spatial structures in each element of the second acoustic matrix SOIII, RM represents the maximum number of spatial structures in each element of the second radar matrix RAIII, the first cube outside the upper left corner of the three-dimensional geological grid D is represented by D[1][1][1], the ath cube from top to bottom (ath row), the bth cube from left to right (bth column), and the cth cube from outside to inside (cth row) are represented by D[a][b][c]. The last cube inside the lower right corner of the three-dimensional geological grid D is represented by D[H][N][K], and the second image matrix FIIII is mapped to the outermost cube (the first layer mentioned above), that is, D[1][1][1]~D[H][N][1], where FIIII[1][1] corresponds to D[1][1][1], and FIIII[i][j] corresponds to D[i][j][1]. If the total number of pixel values ​​1 in FIIII[i][j] is greater than half of the total pixel value in FIIII[i][j], the amplitude of the D[i][j][1] cube is 1 and appears white, indicating the fracture area of ​​the near-field surrounding rock. If the total number of pixel values ​​1 in FIIII[i][j] is not greater than FI The second image matrix FIIII is mapped to the outermost cube of the three-dimensional geological grid D, and the second acoustic wave matrix SOIII is mapped to the cubes from the second row to the SM+1 row (the second layer mentioned above), that is, D[1][1][2]~D[H][N][SM+1], where SOIII[1][1] corresponds to D[1][1][2]~D[1][1][SM+1], SOIII[i][j] corresponds to D[i][j][2]~D[i][j][SM+1], SOIII[i][j] corresponds to D[i][j][2]~D[i][j][SM+1], and SOIII[i][j] corresponds to D[i][j][2]~D[i][j][SM+1]. The first spatial structure in SOIII[i][j] corresponds to D[i][j][2]. If the first spatial structure in SOIII[i][j] is white, then the D[i][j][2] cube has an amplitude of 1 and is white, indicating the fracture area of ​​the midfield surrounding rock. If the first spatial structure in SOIII[i][j] is black, then the D[i][j][2] cube has an amplitude of 0 and is black, indicating the non-fracture area of ​​the midfield surrounding rock. The nth spatial structure in SOIII[i][j] corresponds to D[i][j][n+1]. If the nth spatial structure in SOIII[i][j] is white, then the D[i][j][n+1] cube has an amplitude of 1 and is white, indicating the fracture area of ​​the midfield surrounding rock.If the nth spatial structure in SOIII[i][j] is black, then the D[i][j][n+1] cube amplitude is 0 and appears black, indicating the non-fracture area of ​​the midfield surrounding rock. If the number of spatial structures in SOIII[i][j] is less than SM, then the unassigned cube amplitudes in D[1][1][2]~D[H][N][SM+1] are set to 0 and appear black, indicating the fracture area of ​​the midfield surrounding rock. The color mapping of the acoustic wave matrix SOIII to the cubes from the outer second row to the SM+1 row of the three-dimensional geological grid D is completed, and the second radar matrix RAIII is mapped to the cubes from the outer SM+1 row. +2 is arranged on the cubes in the RM+1th row (the third layer mentioned above), that is, D[1][1][SM+2]~D[H][N][RM+1], among which RAIII[1][1] corresponds to D[1][1][SM+2]~D[1][1][RM+1], RAIII[i][j] corresponds to D[i][j][SM+2]~D[i][j][RM+1], and the first spatial structure in RAIII[i][j] corresponds to D[i][j][SM+2]. If the first spatial structure in RAIII[i][j] is white, then D[i][j][SM+ 2] The cube has an amplitude of 1 and is white, indicating the fracture area of ​​the far-field surrounding rock. If the first spatial structure in RAIII[i][j] is black, then the cube D[i][j][SM+2] has an amplitude of 0 and is black, indicating the non-fracture area of ​​the far-field surrounding rock. The nth spatial structure in RAIII[i][j] corresponds to D[i][j][n+SM+2]. If the nth spatial structure in RAIII[i][j] is white, then the cube D[i][j][n+SM+2] has an amplitude of 1 and is white, indicating the fracture area of ​​the far-field surrounding rock. If RAIII[i][j] If the nth spatial structure in RAIII is black, then the amplitude of the cube D[i][j][n+SM+2] is 0 and it is black, indicating the non-fracture area of ​​the far-field surrounding rock. If the number of spatial structures in RAIII[i][j] is less than RM, then the amplitude of the unassigned cubes in D[1][1][SM+2]~D[H][N][RM+1] is 0 and it is black, which is regarded as the fracture area of ​​the far-field surrounding rock. The color mapping of the cubes from the outer SM+2 row to the RM+1 row of the second radar matrix RAIII to the three-dimensional geological body grid D is completed, thereby realizing the visualization of the spatial distribution characteristics of the borehole fractures.

[0113] In order to achieve connectivity estimation of cracks of the same scale, in an optional scheme, the above-mentioned processing device is used to determine the number of connected first cracks based on the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model, and the above-mentioned number of connected first cracks is the number of a group of adjacent white cubes belonging to the same row in the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model.

[0114] In this embodiment, Figure 10 As shown, the number LT of connected white cubes in the same row of the third-dimensional model, i.e., the three-dimensional geological grid D, is counted. If D[i][j][m] is white, the eight surrounding cubes D[i-1][j][m], D[i-1][j-1][m], D[i][j-1][m], D[i+1][j-1][m], D[i+1][j][m], D[i+1][j+1][m], D[i][j+1][m], and D[i-1][j+1][m] are searched starting from this point. If the value of the searched cube is 1 (a white cube is searched), LT is added by 1, and the search is continued starting from this cube until the values ​​of the eight surrounding cubes are 0 (a black cube is searched). The number of connected first fractures is obtained, thus realizing the connectivity estimation of fractures of the same scale.

[0115] In order to achieve connectivity estimation of multi-scale cracks, the above-mentioned processing device is used to determine the number of connected second cracks based on the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model. The above-mentioned second number of connected cracks is the number of white cubes that are adjacent to each other in sequence, belong to different rows and columns in the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model.

[0116] In this embodiment, Figure 11 As shown, the number DT of connected white cubes in different rows, columns and rows in the first three-dimensional model, i.e., the three-dimensional geological grid D, is counted. If D[i][j][m] is white, the eight surrounding cubes D[i-1][j-1][m-1], D[i+1][j-1][m-1], D[i+1][j+1][m-1], D[i-11][j+1][m-1], D[i-1][j] are searched starting from this point. -1][m+1], D[i+1][j-1][m+1], D[i+1][j+1][m+1], D[i-1][j+1][m+1]. If the value of the searched cube is 1 (a white cube is searched), DT+1 is added, and the search is continued with the cube as the starting point until the values ​​of the eight surrounding cubes are 0 (a black cube is searched). The second number of connected fissures is obtained, thus realizing the connectivity estimation of multi-scale fissures.

[0117] In order to further realize the visualization of the spatial distribution characteristics of the borehole cracks, in another optional scheme, the above-mentioned processing device is also used to convert the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model into a second three-dimensional model, the above-mentioned second three-dimensional model is a hollow cylinder, and the above-mentioned second three-dimensional model is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped bodies of the same size. The fan-shaped bodies of the above-mentioned second three-dimensional model correspond one-to-one to the cubes of the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model. Along the radial direction of the above-mentioned first three-dimensional model from the inside to the outside, the above-mentioned second three-dimensional model is divided into a hollow layer, a fourth layer, a fifth layer and a sixth layer. The above-mentioned hollow layer represents the above-mentioned borehole, the white fan-shaped bodies of the above-mentioned fourth layer represent the crack area of ​​the above-mentioned near-field surrounding rock, the black fan-shaped bodies of the above-mentioned fourth layer represent the non-crack area of ​​the above-mentioned near-field surrounding rock, the white fan-shaped bodies of the above-mentioned fifth layer represent the crack area of ​​the above-mentioned midfield surrounding rock, the black fan-shaped bodies of the above-mentioned fifth layer represent the non-crack area of ​​the above-mentioned midfield surrounding rock, the white fan-shaped bodies of the above-mentioned sixth layer represent the crack area of ​​the above-mentioned far-field surrounding rock, and the black fan-shaped bodies of the above-mentioned sixth layer represent the non-crack area of ​​the above-mentioned far-field surrounding rock.

[0118] In this embodiment, Figure 12 As shown, the first three-dimensional model, i.e., the three-dimensional geological body grid D, is converted into a second three-dimensional model, i.e., a cylindrical three-dimensional geological network T. The center of the cylindrical three-dimensional geological network T (the above-mentioned hollow layer) is hollow, representing the borehole, the inner side of the cylindrical three-dimensional geological network T (the above-mentioned fourth layer) represents the near-field surrounding rock, the middle side of the cylindrical three-dimensional geological network T (the above-mentioned fifth layer) represents the mid-field surrounding rock, and the outer side of the cylindrical three-dimensional geological network T (the above-mentioned sixth layer) represents the far-field surrounding rock. The cylindrical three-dimensional geological network T is composed of H*N*K sectors. The number of cylindrical three-dimensional geological networks T in the vertical direction is H, the number of cylindrical three-dimensional geological networks T in the circumferential direction is N, and the number of cylindrical three-dimensional geological networks T in the radial direction is K. The first fan-shaped body T[1][1][1] of the cylindrical three-dimensional geological network T is located on the inner side of the upper end of the cylindrical three-dimensional geological network T (the fourth layer mentioned above), representing the geographical north direction. The color of the three-dimensional geological body grid D is mapped to the corresponding cylindrical three-dimensional geological network T in turn to realize the visualization of the spatial distribution characteristics of the borehole fractures.

[0119] Through the above embodiments, the acquisition device collects image data of the near-field surrounding rock, the acoustic wave signal of the mid-field surrounding rock and the radar signal of the far-field surrounding rock, and the processing device determines the borehole cracks based on the image data of the near-field surrounding rock, the acoustic wave signal of the mid-field surrounding rock and the radar signal of the far-field surrounding rock, thereby solving the problem in the prior art that the cracks in the borehole rock wall, the mid-field of the borehole surrounding rock and the far-field of the borehole surrounding rock cannot be detected simultaneously.

[0120] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0121] From the above description, it can be seen that the above embodiments of the present application achieve the following technical effects:

[0122] 1) The borehole crack detection system of the present application includes: an acquisition device, the acquisition device is used to acquire multiple image data to be processed, multiple acoustic wave signals to be processed and multiple radar signals to be processed, the above-mentioned image data to be processed is image data of near-field surrounding rock, the above-mentioned acoustic wave signal to be processed is acoustic wave signal of mid-field surrounding rock, and the above-mentioned radar signal to be processed is radar signal of far-field surrounding rock, the above-mentioned near-field surrounding rock is the rock wall of the above-mentioned borehole, the above-mentioned mid-field surrounding rock is the surrounding rock in the above-mentioned borehole whose distance from the above-mentioned near-field surrounding rock is within a first preset distance range, and the above-mentioned far-field surrounding rock is the surrounding rock in the above-mentioned borehole whose distance from the above-mentioned near-field surrounding rock is within a second preset distance range, and the upper limit value of the above-mentioned first preset distance range is less than the lower limit value of the above-mentioned second preset distance range; a processing device, the above-mentioned processing device communicates with the above-mentioned acquisition device, and the above-mentioned processing device is used to determine the borehole cracks based on the above-mentioned image data to be processed, the above-mentioned acoustic wave signal to be processed and the above-mentioned radar signal to be processed. The detection system collects image data of near-field surrounding rock, acoustic wave signals of mid-field surrounding rock and radar signals of far-field surrounding rock through an acquisition device. The processing device determines the borehole cracks based on the image data of near-field surrounding rock, acoustic wave signals of mid-field surrounding rock and radar signals of far-field surrounding rock. The detection system solves the problem in the existing technology that it is impossible to simultaneously detect cracks in the borehole rock wall, the mid-field of the borehole surrounding rock and the far-field of the borehole surrounding rock.

[0123] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A detection system for drilling cracks, characterized in that: The detection system comprises: an acquisition device, the acquisition device being configured to acquire a plurality of image data to be processed, a plurality of acoustic wave signals to be processed, and a plurality of radar signals to be processed, the image data to be processed being image data of near-field surrounding rock, the acoustic wave signals to be processed being acoustic wave signals of mid-field surrounding rock, and the radar signals to be processed being radar signals of far-field surrounding rock, the near-field surrounding rock being the rock wall of the borehole, the mid-field surrounding rock being surrounding rock in the borehole whose distance from the near-field surrounding rock is within a first preset distance range, and the far-field surrounding rock being surrounding rock in the borehole whose distance from the near-field surrounding rock is within a second preset distance range, wherein the upper limit of the first preset distance range is equal to the lower limit of the second preset distance range; a processing device, the processing device being in communication with the acquisition device, the processing device being configured to determine a borehole fissure based on the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signal to be processed, and the radar signal to be processed; The processing device is configured to determine the borehole fracture according to the image data to be processed, the acoustic wave signal to be processed, and the radar signal to be processed, including: The processing device is used to generate a first three-dimensional model according to the image data to be processed, the sound wave signal to be processed and the radar signal to be processed, wherein the shape of the first three-dimensional model is a hexahedron, and the first three-dimensional model is composed of a plurality of cubes of the same size. The first three-dimensional model is divided into a first layer, a second layer and a third layer along the direction from the front of the first three-dimensional model to the back of the first three-dimensional model, the first layer includes a row of the cubes, the second layer includes multiple rows of the cubes, and the third layer includes multiple rows of the cubes. The white cubes belonging to the same column in the first layer represent the fracture area in the same orientation in the near-field surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same column in the first layer represent the non-fracture area in the same orientation in the near-field surrounding rock, and the white cubes belonging to the same column in the second layer represent the The crack areas at the same orientation in the midfield surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same column in the second layer represent the non-crack areas at the same orientation in the midfield surrounding rock, the white cubes belonging to the same row in the second layer represent the crack areas at the same depth in the midfield surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same row in the second layer represent the non-crack areas at the same depth in the midfield surrounding rock, the white cubes belonging to the same column in the third layer represent the crack areas at the same orientation in the far-field surrounding rock, the black cubes belonging to the same column in the third layer represent the non-crack areas at the same orientation in the far-field surrounding rock, the white cubes belonging to the same row in the third layer represent the crack areas at the same depth in the far-field surrounding rock, and the black cubes belonging to the same row in the third layer represent the non-crack areas at the same depth in the far-field surrounding rock.

2. The detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that The collection device comprises: A direction control module, comprising a direction control unit and a shielding cylinder, wherein a window is provided on a side of the shielding cylinder, and the direction control unit is used to control the azimuth angle and the opening of the window, wherein the azimuth angle is the angle at which the window rotates along the central axis of the shielding cylinder; An image acquisition module, located in the shielding cylinder, and configured to acquire the image data to be processed through the window; an acoustic wave collection module, the acoustic wave collection module being located in the shielding cylinder and being used to collect the acoustic wave signal to be processed through the window; A radar acquisition module is located in the shielding tube and is used to acquire the radar signal to be processed through the window.

3. The detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that The processing device is also used to convert the first three-dimensional model into a second three-dimensional model, which is a hollow cylinder. The second three-dimensional model is composed of a plurality of fan-shaped bodies of the same size. The fan-shaped bodies of the second three-dimensional model correspond one-to-one to the cubes of the first three-dimensional model. Along the radial direction of the first three-dimensional model from the inside to the outside, the second three-dimensional model is divided into a hollow layer, a fourth layer, a fifth layer and a sixth layer. The hollow layer represents the borehole, the white fan-shaped body of the fourth layer represents the fracture area of ​​the near-field surrounding rock, the black fan-shaped body of the fourth layer represents the non-fracture area of ​​the near-field surrounding rock, the white fan-shaped body of the fifth layer represents the fracture area of ​​the midfield surrounding rock, the black fan-shaped body of the fifth layer represents the non-fracture area of ​​the midfield surrounding rock, the white fan-shaped body of the sixth layer represents the fracture area of ​​the far-field surrounding rock, and the black fan-shaped body of the sixth layer represents the non-fracture area of ​​the far-field surrounding rock.

4. The detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that The processing device is configured to generate a first three-dimensional model based on the image data to be processed, the sound wave signal to be processed, and the radar signal to be processed, including: The processing device is used to construct a first image matrix based on all the image data to be processed, wherein the first image matrix is ​​composed of a plurality of first elements, wherein the image data to be processed contained in the first elements belonging to the same row belong to a region at the same orientation in the near-field surrounding rock, and the image data to be processed contained in the first elements belonging to the same column belong to a region at the same depth in the near-field surrounding rock; The processing device is used to construct a first acoustic wave matrix based on all the acoustic wave signals to be processed, wherein the first acoustic wave matrix is ​​composed of a plurality of second elements, wherein the acoustic wave signals to be processed contained in the second elements belonging to the same row belong to the same orientation area in the midfield surrounding rock, and the acoustic wave signals to be processed contained in the second elements belonging to the same column belong to the same depth area in the midfield surrounding rock; The processing device is configured to construct a first radar matrix based on all the radar signals to be processed, wherein the first radar matrix is ​​composed of a plurality of third elements, wherein the radar signals to be processed contained in the third elements in the same row belong to a region at a same orientation in the far-field surrounding rock, and the radar signals to be processed contained in the third elements in the same column belong to a region at a same depth in the far-field surrounding rock; The processing device is used to preprocess the first image matrix to obtain a second image matrix, the processing device is used to preprocess the first acoustic wave matrix to obtain a second acoustic wave matrix, and the processing device is used to preprocess the first radar matrix to obtain a second radar matrix; The processing device is used to generate the first three-dimensional model based on the second image matrix, the second acoustic wave matrix and the second radar matrix.

5. The detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that The processing device is configured to preprocess the first image matrix to obtain a second image matrix, comprising: The processing device is used to perform median filtering, binarization and target screening on the first image matrix in sequence to obtain a second image matrix.

6. The detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that The processing device is configured to pre-process the first acoustic wave matrix to obtain a second acoustic wave matrix, comprising: The processing device is used to perform energy quantization processing, signal envelope processing and mesoscale crack position estimation on the first acoustic wave matrix in sequence to obtain the second acoustic wave matrix.

7. The detection system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The processing device is configured to preprocess the first radar matrix to obtain a second radar matrix, comprising: The processing device is used to perform wavelet transform processing, binarization processing and large-scale crack position estimation on the first radar matrix in sequence to obtain the second radar matrix.

8. The detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that The processing device is used to determine the first number of connected fissures based on the first three-dimensional model, where the first number of connected fissures is the number of white cubes that are adjacent to each other and belong to the same row in the first three-dimensional model.

9. The detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The processing device is used to determine the second number of connected cracks based on the first three-dimensional model, where the second number of connected cracks is the number of white cubes that are adjacent to each other in sequence and belong to different rows and columns in the first three-dimensional model.

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