Capacitor-based pulse generator

Abstract

This application discloses a capacitor-based pulse generator, belonging to the field of pulse power technology. The capacitor-based pulse generator includes: a pulse capacitor comprising a first electrode and a second electrode; a return loop assembly with a central shaft connected to the second electrode; and a pulse switch connected to the first electrode, having a current path L located at the central shaft. When the pulse switch is turned on, the current path L consists of the first electrode, the pulse switch, the return loop assembly, and the second electrode arranged in sequence. This application enables the capacitor-based pulse generator to be used in pulse power applications, significantly reducing parasitic capacitance and meeting the requirements for microsecond-level pulse generation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of pulse power technology, specifically relating to a capacitor energy storage type pulse generator. Background Technology

[0002] Pulsed power technology is an electrophysical technique that slowly stores small amounts of energy into high-density energy over a long period, and then rapidly compresses, converts, or directly releases it to the load within a very short time. A pulse generator using capacitor energy storage has the following equivalent circuit when the pulse is generated: Figure 1 As shown, after pre-charging the energy storage capacitor, closing the discharge switch creates a second-order LC oscillation. Since the circuit resistance is relatively small, the pulse width of the pulse current can be approximately equal to:

[0003]

[0004] Where C is the capacitance of the pulse capacitor, L s For the parasitic inductance of the pulse generator, L l For load inductance. Pulsed currents often require very large currents with very narrow current bus widths. For example, in CT devices used in nuclear fusion, the peak current often needs to be hundreds of kA, and the current bus width is a few microseconds to tens of microseconds. This requires the inductance of the entire circuit to be very small, and the load inductance L... l It is fixed, therefore the parasitic inductance L of the pulse generator is required. s Very small, typically needing to be less than 100nH. Discharge switches, due to their need to withstand high voltages, are not small in size, often resulting in parasitic inductances far exceeding 100nH. Existing pulse generators use multi-stage series press-fit power electronic devices. For cylindrical structures, theoretically, if the current path exceeds 10cm, the parasitic inductance will approach or exceed 100nH, which greatly limits the application of power electronic devices in pulse generators. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Purpose of the invention: This application provides a capacitor-based pulse generator that can solve the problem of excessive parasitic inductance in the pulse generator circuit.

[0006] Technical solution:

[0007] This application provides a capacitor-stored pulse generator, comprising:

[0008] A pulse capacitor, the pulse capacitor comprising a first electrode and a second electrode;

[0009] A return ring assembly, wherein the return ring assembly is provided with a central shaft, and the return ring assembly is connected to the second electrode;

[0010] A pulse switch, the pulse switch being connected to the first electrode, the pulse switch having a current flow path L, the current flow path L being located at the central axis;

[0011] When the pulse switch is turned on, the current flow path L consists of the first electrode, the pulse switch, the return loop assembly, and the second electrode arranged in sequence.

[0012] In some embodiments, the reflux ring assembly includes a first reflux ring and a second reflux ring, the second reflux ring being connected to the second electrode, the first reflux ring being disposed on the side of the second reflux ring away from the pulse capacitor, and the first reflux ring and the second reflux ring being coaxially arranged along the central axis.

[0013] In some embodiments, the reflux ring assembly further includes a reflux column disposed between the first reflux ring and the second reflux ring, one end of the reflux column being connected to the first reflux ring and the other end of the reflux column being connected to the second reflux ring, and the reflux column being arranged circumferentially around the central axis.

[0014] In some embodiments, the system further includes a first output terminal, wherein the first return loop is connected to the first output terminal.

[0015] In some embodiments, a second output terminal is further included, wherein the end of the pulse switch away from the first electrode is connected to the second output terminal.

[0016] In some embodiments, the first electrode and the second electrode are coaxially arranged along the central axis.

[0017] In some embodiments, the pulse capacitor includes a first terminal and a second terminal, wherein the first electrode is connected to the first terminal and the second electrode is connected to the second terminal.

[0018] In some embodiments, the pulse capacitor further includes a body, on which the first electrode and the second electrode are disposed and facing the return ring assembly.

[0019] In some embodiments, the device further includes a load, wherein the current flow path L is the first electrode, the pulse switch, the load, the return loop assembly, and the second electrode arranged in sequence.

[0020] In some embodiments, the pulse switch is a combination or any one of at least two of the following: a mechanical switch, an integrated gate commutated thyristor, an insulated gate bipolar transistor, and an ignition tube.

[0021] Beneficial Effects: Compared with the prior art, the capacitor energy storage pulse generator of this application includes: a pulse capacitor, which includes a first electrode and a second electrode; a return loop assembly, which has a central axis and is connected to the second electrode; and a pulse switch, which is connected to the first electrode and has a current flow path L located at the central axis. When the pulse switch is turned on, the current flow path L consists of the first electrode, the pulse switch, the return loop assembly, and the second electrode arranged in sequence. It is understood that this capacitor energy storage pulse generator, by constructing the current flow path L of the pulse switch and the return loop assembly as a concentric and coaxial structure, ensures that the parasitic inductance of the switching part of the capacitor energy storage pulse generator is very small. The parasitic inductance of the coaxial structure of the same height is less than 1 / 3 of the parasitic inductance of the non-coaxial structure. Furthermore, by connecting the pulse switch to the first electrode, that is, by directly connecting the pulse switch to the electrode of the pulse capacitor, the connection circuit can be shortened, further reducing parasitic inductance. Therefore, when this capacitor energy storage type pulse generator is applied to pulse power applications, it can meet the requirements for generating microsecond-level pulse widths and greatly reduce the parasitic inductance of the capacitor energy storage type pulse generator. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort. The technical solutions and other beneficial effects of this application will become apparent from the detailed description of specific embodiments below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Figure 1 The equivalent circuit diagram of a capacitor-stored pulse generator in the prior art is shown below.

[0024] Figure 2 This is a front view of a capacitor-based pulse generator.

[0025] Figure 3 This is a top view of a capacitor-based pulse generator.

[0026] Figure 4 It is a reflux ring structure;

[0027] Figure 5 It is a pulse capacitor structure;

[0028] The attached reference numerals are as follows: 100-pulse capacitor, 110-body, 111-end face, 120-first electrode, 130-second electrode, 200-return ring assembly, 201-central shaft, 210-first return ring, 220-second return ring, 230-return column, 300-pulse switch. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of this application, and not all of them. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0030] In the description of this application, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. The terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows for mutual communication; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise expressly and specifically limited. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more features.

[0031] The following disclosure provides many different implementations or examples for carrying out different structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure of this application, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, these are merely examples and are not intended to limit this application.

[0032] Please see Figures 2-5This application provides a capacitor-based pulse generator, including a pulse capacitor 100, a return loop assembly 200, and a pulse switch 300. The pulse capacitor 100 includes a first electrode 120 and a second electrode 130. The return loop assembly 200 has a central axis 201 and is connected to the second electrode 130. The pulse switch 300 is connected to the first electrode 120 and has a current flow path L, which is coaxial with the central axis 201. When the pulse switch 300 is turned on, the current flow path L consists of the first electrode 120, the pulse switch 300, the return loop assembly 200, and the second electrode 130 arranged in sequence. The return loop assembly 200 serves as the return current section. The current flow path L of the return loop assembly 200 and the pulse switch 300 form a concentric and coaxial structure. The current flow path L of the pulse switch 300 is located at the center of the return loop assembly 200, i.e., at the central axis 201.

[0033] Furthermore, the capacitor energy storage pulse generator also includes a load. After the pulse switch 300 is turned on, the current path L of the pulse switch 300 is as follows: the first electrode 120 of the pulse capacitor 100, the pulse switch 300, the load, the return loop assembly 200, and the second electrode 130 of the pulse capacitor 100 arranged in sequence. This results in the current path L of the pulse switch 300 and the return loop assembly 200 being concentric and coaxial, with the current path L of the pulse switch 300 located at the center of the return loop assembly 200. The concentric and coaxial structure formed by the current path L of the pulse switch 300 and the return loop assembly 200 ensures that the parasitic inductance of the switching part of the capacitor energy storage pulse generator is very small. The parasitic inductance of the coaxial structure of the same height is less than 1 / 3 of that of the parasitic inductance of the non-coaxial structure. Furthermore, since the pulse switch 300 is connected to the first electrode 120, that is, the pulse switch 300 and the electrodes of the pulse capacitor 100 are directly connected, the connection circuit can be shortened, further reducing parasitic inductance. Therefore, when the pulse generator is applied to pulse power applications to meet the requirements of microsecond-level pulse width generation, the parasitic inductance of this capacitor energy storage type pulse generator can be greatly reduced, thus ensuring that the parasitic inductance of the entire capacitor energy storage type pulse generator is very small.

[0034] In some embodiments, the pulse capacitor 100 further includes a body 110, with a first electrode 120 and a second electrode 130 disposed on the body 110 and facing the return ring assembly 200; and the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 are coaxially arranged along the central axis 201; the body 110 has an end face 111, and both the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 are fixedly mounted on the end face 111. The orthographic projections of the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 on the end face 111 form a concentric circle structure, with the first electrode 120 corresponding to the inner circle structure and the second electrode 130 corresponding to the outer circle structure. The first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 are both arranged on the end face 111 to form the pulse capacitor 100.

[0035] It should be noted that the pulse capacitor 100 also has a first terminal and a second terminal. The first electrode 120 is connected to the first terminal, and the second electrode 130 is connected to the second terminal. In other words, the first electrode 120 and the second electrode 130 are equivalent to the two terminals led out by the pulse capacitor 100.

[0036] like Figure 4 As shown, in some embodiments, the reflux ring 200 includes a first reflux ring 210 and a second reflux ring 220. The second reflux ring 220 is connected to the second electrode 130. The first reflux ring 210 is disposed on the side of the second reflux ring 220 away from the pulse capacitor 100. The first reflux ring 210 and the second reflux ring 220 are coaxially arranged along the central axis 201. Further, the reflux ring 200 also includes a reflux column 230. The reflux column 230 is disposed between the first reflux ring 210 and the second reflux ring 220. One end of the reflux column 230 is connected to the first reflux ring 210, and the other end of the reflux column 230 is connected to the second reflux ring 220. There are multiple reflux columns 230, which are arranged circumferentially around the central axis 201. The multiple reflux columns 230 are spatially parallel and arranged in an equilateral shape. The first return ring 210, the second return ring 220, and the multiple return columns 230 constitute the return ring assembly 200.

[0037] In some embodiments, the capacitor-storage pulse generator further includes a first output terminal and a second output terminal, a first return ring 210 connected to the first output terminal, and a pulse switch 300 connected to the second output terminal at the end away from the first electrode 120. The first return ring 210 is equivalent to the terminal of the first output terminal, and the end of the pulse switch 300 away from the first electrode 120 is equivalent to the terminal of the second output terminal.

[0038] The pulse switch 300 is a combination or any one of at least two of the following: a mechanical switch, an integrated gate commutated thyristor (IGCT), an insulated gate bipolar transistor (IGBT), and an ignition tube.

[0039] The capacitor-based pulse generator provided in this application includes: a pulse capacitor 100, which includes a first electrode 120 and a second electrode 130; a return loop assembly 200, which has a central shaft 201 and is connected to the second electrode 130; and a pulse switch 300, which is connected to the first electrode 120 and has a current flow path L located at the central shaft 201. When the pulse switch 300 is turned on, the current flow path L consists of the first electrode 120, the pulse switch 300, the return loop assembly 200, and the second electrode 130 arranged in sequence. It is understood that the capacitor-type pulse generator of this application, by constructing the current flow path L of the pulse switch 300 and the return loop assembly 200 as a concentric and coaxial structure, that is, placing the current flow path L at the center of the return loop assembly 200, ensures that the parasitic inductance of the switching section of the capacitor-type pulse generator is very small. The parasitic inductance of the coaxial structure of the same height is less than 1 / 3 of that of the non-coaxial structure. Furthermore, by connecting the pulse switch 300 to the first electrode 120, that is, by directly connecting the electrodes of the pulse switch 300 and the pulse capacitor 100, the connection loop can be shortened, further reducing the parasitic inductance. Therefore, when this capacitor-type pulse generator is applied to pulse power applications to meet the requirements of microsecond-level pulse width generation, the parasitic inductance of the capacitor-type pulse generator can be greatly reduced, thus ensuring that the parasitic inductance of the entire capacitor-type pulse generator is very small.

[0040] The capacitor energy storage type pulse generator provided in the embodiments of this application has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used in this application to illustrate the principle and implementation of this application. The description of the above embodiments is only for the purpose of helping to understand the technical solution and core idea of ​​this application. Those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. These modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application.

Claims

1. A capacitor-stored pulse generator, characterized in that, include: A pulse capacitor (100) includes a first electrode (120) and a second electrode (130). A return ring assembly (200) is provided with a central shaft (201), and the return ring assembly (200) is connected to the second electrode (130); A pulse switch (300) is connected to the first electrode (120). The pulse switch (300) has a current flow path L located at the central axis (201) so as to directly connect the pulse switch (300) to the first electrode (120) of the pulse capacitor (100) to shorten the connection loop and reduce the parasitic inductance of the capacitor pulse generator. When the pulse switch (300) is turned on, the current flow path L is the first electrode (120), the pulse switch (300), the return loop assembly (200) and the second electrode (130) arranged in sequence. The reflux ring assembly (200) includes a first reflux ring (210) and a second reflux ring (220). The second reflux ring (220) is connected to the second electrode (130). The first reflux ring (210) is disposed on the side of the second reflux ring (220) away from the pulse capacitor (100). The first reflux ring (210) and the second reflux ring (220) are coaxially arranged along the central axis (201). The reflux ring assembly (200) further includes a reflux column (230), which is disposed between the first reflux ring (210) and the second reflux ring (220). One end of the reflux column (230) is connected to the first reflux ring (210), and the other end of the reflux column (230) is connected to the second reflux ring (220). The reflux column (230) is circumferentially arranged around the central axis (201). The current flow path L of the return loop assembly (200) and the pulse switch (300) forms a concentric and coaxial structure. The current flow path L of the pulse switch (300) is located at the center of the return loop assembly (200), i.e., the central axis (201), which is used to reduce the parasitic inductance of the capacitor pulse generator. The pulse capacitor (100) is coaxially arranged with the return ring assembly (200), and the first electrode (120) and the second electrode (130) are coaxially arranged along the central axis (201).

2. The capacitor-stored pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a first output terminal, and the first return ring (210) is connected to the first output terminal.

3. The capacitor-stored pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a second output terminal, wherein the end of the pulse switch (300) away from the first electrode (120) is connected to the second output terminal.

4. The capacitor-stored pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse capacitor (100) includes a first terminal and a second terminal, the first electrode (120) is connected to the first terminal, and the second electrode (130) is connected to the second terminal.

5. The capacitor-storage pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse capacitor (100) also includes a body (110), on which the first electrode (120) and the second electrode (130) are disposed and facing the return ring assembly (200).

6. The capacitor-stored pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The load, wherein the current flow path L is the first electrode (120), the pulse switch (300), the load, the return loop assembly (200) and the second electrode (130) arranged in sequence.

7. The capacitor-storage pulse generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pulse switch (300) is a combination of at least two of the following: a mechanical switch, an integrated gate commutated thyristor, an insulated gate bipolar transistor, and an ignition tube, or any one of them.

Images