A multifunctional composite coating for wind turbine blade deicing

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multifunctional composite coating for wind turbine blade deicing. By doping photothermal materials and electrothermal materials in the preparation process of the coating surface, the coating can be heated and deiced by solar energy or deiced by electric auxiliary heating when solar energy resources are insufficient; micro-nano particles are added to the coating during the preparation process to construct a micro-nano rough structure, and then the coating is modified by low surface energy substances or hydrophobic groups to achieve super-hydrophobicity, thereby inhibiting the freezing of water droplets on the coating surface; a porous medium structure constructed with a low thermal conductivity material is used as a coating substrate, and its good thermal insulation performance is used to prevent the generated heat energy from being conducted from the coating body to the wind turbine blade to cause heat loss, thereby achieving heat accumulation to improve the deicing effect. The composite coating achieves the purpose of efficient deicing of wind turbine blades through the coupling of its own multiple functions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of anti-icing, and in particular to a multifunctional composite coating for anti-icing of wind turbine blades. Background Art

[0002] Plateaus and cold regions are rich in wind resources, which have great development and utilization value. However, these regions have high altitudes, low temperatures, and high humidity, which easily cause icing problems in wind farms, which has a serious impact on the safety and reliability of wind turbines. Therefore, it is necessary to study the anti-icing technology of wind turbine blades and form a set of reliable and efficient wind turbine anti-icing technology solutions to ensure the healthy development of my country's wind power industry.

[0003] At present, in order to solve the problem of icing in wind farms, chemical anti-icing technology, thermal anti-icing technology and mechanical deicing technology have been mainly proposed. However, these traditional deicing methods not only require a lot of financial and human resources, but also have defects such as high energy consumption. In recent years, people have found that the non-wetting characteristics of the lotus leaf surface can be used to prevent surface icing, opening up new ideas for the surface of superhydrophobic anti-icing materials. The superhydrophobicity of the surface is achieved by constructing a micro-nano rough structure and modifying it with low surface energy substances or hydrophobic groups. The surface of superhydrophobic materials can inhibit icing, but it cannot completely prevent surface icing in harsh environments such as low temperature and high humidity. Once ice forms on the surface of a superhydrophobic material, its rough structure will also increase the adhesion of the ice, making it difficult to remove. At present, wind farms usually use mechanical deicing methods for deicing operations, but this will destroy the micro-nano structure of the superhydrophobic material, resulting in a significant decline in its superhydrophobic performance. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned technical deficiencies, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a multifunctional composite coating for anti-icing of wind turbine blades, which has super-hydrophobicity and can inhibit the freezing of water droplets on its surface; it has photothermal conversion properties and can use solar energy for heating and de-icing; and it has electrothermal conversion properties and can perform electrically assisted heating and de-icing when solar energy resources are insufficient.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] The present invention provides a multifunctional composite coating for wind turbine blade deicing, comprising a coating surface and a coating substrate. During the preparation process of the coating surface, photothermal materials and electrothermal materials are doped to ensure the photothermal and electrothermal properties of the coating. Micro-nano particles are added to construct a micro-nano rough structure, and then the coating is modified by low surface energy substances or hydrophobic groups to achieve super hydrophobicity. Only the low thermal conductivity material is sprayed on the windward area of ​​the wind turbine blade as the coating substrate, and the material of the wind turbine blade is selected from epoxy resin boards.

[0007] The method for manufacturing the wind turbine blade comprises the following contents:

[0008] Step 1, obtain an epoxy resin plate, spray rinse it with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol respectively, and dry it naturally for standby use;

[0009] Step 2: spray the water-based polyurethane coating evenly onto the epoxy resin board and allow it to dry naturally;

[0010] Step 3, weigh the required multi-walled carbon nanotubes, add them into a mixture of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and about 65% concentrated nitric acid in a ratio of 3:1, ultrasonically disperse for 30-50 minutes, dilute with deionized water to pH=7, and dry to obtain oxidized carbon nanotubes;

[0011] Step 4, weigh 0.1 g of oxidized carbon nanotubes, 0.1 g of graphene and 0.2 g of silicon carbide, add them to 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol, then add 2 ml of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and stir magnetically for 30-50 min to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution;

[0012] Step 5, spray the mixed solution evenly on the polyurethane substrate and dry naturally;

[0013] Step 6: Disperse DC184 polydimethylsiloxane curing agent: PDMS: FEVE fluorocarbon resin in n-hexane at a ratio of 10:1:1 to prepare a 2 wt% PDMS mixed solution, and heat in a constant temperature water bath at 55-65°C with stirring for 1-2 hours;

[0014] Step 7, spray the mixed solution evenly on the polyurethane substrate, dry naturally, and repeat this step twice;

[0015] Step 8: Use conductive silver paste to plate two electrodes parallel to the boundary, and reserve two wire welding points.

[0016] Preferably, the photothermal material is selected from one or more of carbon black particles, carbon nanotubes, carbon nanospheres, carbon nanofibers, graphene, polyaniline and polypyrrole.

[0017] Preferably, the electric heating material is selected from one or more of graphene, silicon carbide, molybdenum disilicide, nickel-chromium alloy, etc.

[0018] Preferably, the micron particles are selected from one or more of carbon nanotubes, silicon carbide particles, and silicon dioxide particles.

[0019] Preferably, the low thermal conductivity material is selected from one of water-based polyurethane coating, glass wool and rock wool.

[0020] Preferably, the low surface area material is polydimethylsiloxane to perform super-hydrophobic modification on the micro-nano structure.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] (1) The present invention utilizes the super-hydrophobic property of the coating to effectively inhibit the freezing of water droplets on the coating surface.

[0023] (2) The coating proposed by the present invention has the property of light-heat conversion and can utilize solar energy to heat and remove ice, thus reducing energy loss.

[0024] (3) The coating proposed by the present invention has the characteristics of electrothermal conversion. When solar energy resources are insufficient, it can use electric energy to assist in deicing, thus achieving the dual effect of active deicing.

[0025] (4) The present invention sprays low thermal conductivity material onto the wind turbine blade as a base layer, so that the composite coating can reduce heat loss.

[0026] (5) The present invention adopts a spraying method, which is highly feasible for preventing and deicing existing equipment and has low cost. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a multifunctional composite coating for anti-icing of wind turbine blades provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Description of reference numerals:

[0030] 1-composite coating surface, 2-composite coating substrate, 3-windward area, 4-wire welding point. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1 As shown, a multifunctional composite coating for wind turbine blade deicing,

[0033] The invention comprises a composite coating surface 1 and a composite coating substrate 2, wherein the multifunctional coating has super-hydrophobicity and can inhibit ice formation. When ice is formed on the coating surface, the multifunctional coating can be used to heat and de-ice by using solar energy for photothermal conversion. If solar energy is insufficient, the power supply is connected by a wire, and the electrothermal conversion material converts electricity into heat to assist in de-icing. By spraying a low thermal conductivity material on the windward area 3 of the wind turbine blade as the substrate of the coating, energy loss can be effectively reduced and heat accumulation can be achieved for de-icing.

[0034] In this embodiment, the coating base is a water-based polyurethane coating, which is sprayed on the windward area of ​​the wind turbine blade. The photothermal conversion material and electrothermal material of the coating are respectively multi-walled carbon nanotubes and graphene, and silicon carbide particles are added to construct a micro-nano structure, and then super-hydrophobic modification is performed by polydimethylsiloxane. Since the material of the wind turbine blade is mainly glass fiber with epoxy resin, epoxy resin board is selected as the material of the wind turbine blade.

[0035] The method for manufacturing a wind turbine blade includes:

[0036] Step 1: Take an epoxy resin board, rinse it with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol spray respectively, and dry it naturally for use.

[0037] Step 2: Spray the water-based polyurethane paint evenly onto the epoxy resin board and allow it to dry naturally.

[0038] Step 3, weigh the required multi-walled carbon nanotubes, add them into a mixture of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and about 65% concentrated nitric acid in a ratio of 3:1, ultrasonically disperse for 30-50 minutes, dilute with deionized water to pH=7, and dry to obtain oxidized carbon nanotubes;

[0039] Step 4: Weigh 0.1 g of oxidized carbon nanotubes, 0.1 g of graphene and 0.2 g of silicon carbide, add them to 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol, and then add 2 ml γ-Aminopropyltriethoxysilane , magnetic stirring for 30-50 min to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution;

[0040] Step 5, spray the mixed solution evenly on the polyurethane substrate and dry naturally;

[0041] Step 6: Disperse DC184 polydimethylsiloxane curing agent: PDMS: FEVE fluorocarbon resin in n-hexane at a ratio of 10:1:1 to prepare a 2 wt% PDMS mixed solution, and heat in a constant temperature water bath at 55-65°C with stirring for 1-2 hours;

[0042] Step 7: Spray the mixed solution evenly on the polyurethane substrate, dry naturally, and repeat the operation twice.

[0043] Step 8: Use conductive silver paste to plate two electrodes parallel to the boundary, and reserve two wire welding points 5.

[0044] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A multifunctional composite coating for wind turbine blade deicing, characterized in that: The method comprises a coating surface and a coating substrate, wherein photothermal materials and electrothermal materials are doped in the preparation process of the coating surface to ensure the photothermal and electrothermal properties of the coating, micro-nano particles are added to construct a micro-nano rough structure, and then the coating is modified by low surface energy substances or hydrophobic groups to achieve super hydrophobicity; only the low thermal conductivity material is sprayed on the windward area of ​​the wind turbine blade as the coating substrate, and the material of the wind turbine blade is selected from epoxy resin board; The method for manufacturing the wind turbine blade comprises the following contents: Step 1, obtain an epoxy resin plate, spray rinse it with deionized water and anhydrous ethanol respectively, and dry it naturally for standby use; Step 2: spray the water-based polyurethane coating evenly onto the epoxy resin board and allow it to dry naturally; Step 3, weigh the required multi-walled carbon nanotubes, add them into a mixture of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid and about 65% concentrated nitric acid in a ratio of 3:1, ultrasonically disperse for 30-50 minutes, dilute with deionized water to pH=7, and dry to obtain oxidized carbon nanotubes; Step 4, weigh 0.1 g of oxidized carbon nanotubes, 0.1 g of graphene and 0.2 g of silicon carbide, add them to 20 ml of anhydrous ethanol, then add 2 ml of γ-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, and stir magnetically for 30-50 min to obtain a uniformly dispersed mixed solution; Step 5, spray the mixed solution evenly on the polyurethane substrate and dry naturally; Step 6: Disperse DC184 polydimethylsiloxane curing agent: PDMS: FEVE fluorocarbon resin in n-hexane at a ratio of 10:1:1 to prepare a 2 wt% PDMS mixed solution, and heat in a constant temperature water bath at 55-65°C with stirring for 1-2 hours; Step 7, spray the mixed solution evenly on the polyurethane substrate, dry naturally, and repeat this step twice; Step 8: Use conductive silver paste to plate two electrodes parallel to the boundary, and reserve two wire welding points.

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