Self-grinding device and self-repairing method for worn non-cylindrical sliding guide rails

Abstract

A self-grinding device and self-repairing method for a non-cylindrical sliding guide rail after wear solves the problem that the machine tool body needs to be disassembled and disassembled after the guide rail of the current machine tool is worn, which is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and has high guide rail repair costs. The device comprises a micro-feed handle (1), a level indicator (2), a lower fixed support of an electric spindle (3), a grinding wheel mounting assembly (4), a bowl-shaped grinding wheel (5), a manual feed handle (6), a worm gear reducer (7), a feed transmission support (8), a drag base (9), a fixed bent plate (10), an upper fixed support of an electric spindle (11), a grinding head slide (12), an electric spindle (13), an adjustment screw (14), a fixed support pin (15), a pressure plate (17), and an angle adjustment bracket (18). The device is used to perform self-repair of a non-cylindrical sliding guide rail after wear, and has the advantages of low guide rail repair cost, high efficiency, easy installation and use, and high guide rail precision after repair.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a self-grinding device and a self-repairing method for a non-cylindrical sliding guide rail after wear. Background Art

[0002] Currently, there are mainly two types of products and methods with the same purpose and similar technical means as the present invention:

[0003] Example 1, Patent No.: CN 111390340 A Name: GLAMA bridge manipulator crossbeam integrated guide rail online repair device and process

[0004] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention discloses an online repair device for a GLAMA bridge-type manipulator crossbeam-connected guide rail and a repair process for the device, which realizes online welding repair of worn parts of the GLAMA bridge-type manipulator crossbeam-connected guide rail, thereby saving repair time, reducing repair costs, and reducing downtime losses.

[0005] Example 2, Patent No.: CN 208042941 U Name: Guide Rail Wear Detection Device

[0006] like Figure 2 As shown, the utility model discloses a guide rail wear detection device, which can conveniently and accurately measure the thickness and thickness change of the guide rail and is easy to carry.

[0007] The defects of the patented technology in Example 1 are:

[0008] 1. This patented technology uses a manual angle grinder after welding to restore the original dimensions. This technology is suitable for repairing worn GLAMA bridge manipulator crossbeam guide rails and other transmission guide rails that do not require high precision. However, machine tool guide rails require very high geometric accuracy and surface roughness, and this technology cannot meet the repair requirements for worn machine tool guide rails. 2. This patented technology does not address the deformation caused by guide rail welding.

[0009] The defects of the patented technology in Example 2 are:

[0010] This guide rail wear detection device can only detect guide rail wear; it lacks a self-repair method for the wear. The moving parts of a sliding guide rail are in direct contact with the supporting parts. This has the advantages of a simple structure and high contact stiffness. Its disadvantages are high friction and rapid wear. In particular, worn guide rails can lead to uncontrollable machine tool accuracy, unstable part dimensions, and a high rejection rate. Wear on machine tool guide rails can directly cause deviations in the straightness of the machine tool's axes and the perpendicularity between the axes, leading to a loss of transmission accuracy between the crossbeam, tool rest, worktable, and bed.

[0011] At present, the commonly used method for machine tool guide rail wear is: first, the machine tool body is disassembled and disassembled, and then the machine tool body is sent to the machine tool manufacturer for processing using a guide rail grinder. After the guide rail processing is completed, it is transported back to the equipment site for assembly of the split guide rails, scraping of the coupling guide rails, adjustment of the machine tool geometric accuracy and overall assembly. This is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and the guide rail repair cost is high. Summary of the Invention

[0012] The present invention solves the problem that after the guide rails of a machine tool are worn, the machine tool body needs to be disassembled and disassembled, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the cost of repairing the guide rails is high by providing a guide rail self-grinding device and a guide rail self-repairing method after the guide rails of a machine tool are worn.

[0013] The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:

[0014] A self-grinding device for a non-cylindrical sliding guide rail after wear, comprising a micro-feed handle 1, a level indicator 2, a lower fixed support 3 of an electric spindle, a grinding wheel mounting assembly 4, a bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5, a manual feed handle 6, a worm gear reducer 7, a feed transmission support 8, a carriage base 9, a fixed bent plate 10, an upper fixed support 11 of an electric spindle, a grinding head slide 12, an electric spindle 13, an adjustment screw 14, a fixed support pin 15, a slide guide rail inlay 16, a pressure plate 17 and an angle adjustment bracket 18. The bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5 is fixedly mounted on the electric spindle 13 through the grinding wheel mounting assembly 4. The electric spindle 13 is fixed on the upper fixed support 11 of the electric spindle and the lower fixed support 3 of the electric spindle. The lower fixed support 3 of the electric spindle is provided with an adjustment screw 14 for moving and adjusting the front and rear fixed position of the lower fixed support 3 of the electric spindle, so that the installation angle of the electric spindle 13 can be slightly adjusted in the front and rear directions. The upper fixed support 11 of the electric spindle and the lower fixed support 3 of the electric spindle are fixed to the grinding head slide 12 through the fixed support pin 15. The grinding head slide 12 includes a slide body, a sliding guide rail and a nut. The drag base 9 includes a base body, a screw, an angle adjustment bracket 18, a feed transmission support 8, a worm gear reducer 7, a pressure plate 17, a fine feed handle 1 and a manual feed handle 6. The manual feed handle 6 and the fine feed handle 1 are connected to the screw at the upper end of the drag base 9 through the worm gear reducer 7. The pressure plate 17 and the base body of the drag base 9 form a guide groove for the sliding guide rail of the grinding head slide 12 to slide up and down. The slide guide strip 16 is installed in the guide groove. The screw on the drag base 9 cooperates with the nut on the grinding head slide 12. The angle adjustment bracket 18 on the drag base 9 is fixed on the fixed bent plate 10, and the horizontal indicator 2 is fixed on the electric spindle 13.

[0015] A bubble level is installed every 30° in the direction of the circumference of the level indicator 2, with a total of 12 bubble levels evenly distributed. By observing the flow position of each bubble in the 12 bubble levels, the current fixed angle of the guide rail self-grinding device can be quickly determined.

[0016] A self-repair method for a non-cylindrical sliding guide rail after wear, comprising the following steps:

[0017] 1. First, adjust the level of the machine tool guide rail, then check the straightness of the machine tool main rail, find the corresponding high point of the machine tool main rail and mark it;

[0018] 2. Fix the guide rail self-grinding device to the workbench or movable carriage of the machine tool via the fixed bent plate 10. Then, adjust the angle adjustment bracket according to the guide rail angle to be ground. Adjust the fixed angle of the guide rail self-grinding device by observing the horizontal indicator 2 to complete the rough adjustment of the guide rail grinding angle. Then, attach the dial indicator to the grinding wheel mounting assembly 4 of the electric spindle 13, rotate the rotor of the electric spindle 13 by hand, and adjust the perpendicularity between the axis of the electric spindle 13 and the guide rail surface to complete the fine adjustment of the guide rail grinding angle.

[0019] 3. Install the bowl grinding wheel 5 on the grinding wheel mounting assembly 4, rotate the manual feed handle 6, and stop rotating the handle when the lower surface of the bowl grinding wheel 5 reaches a safe distance from the main guide rail surface, and start the grinding wheel rotation;

[0020] 4. Start the machine tool and quickly move the workbench or movable carriage. When the lower surface of the cup grinding wheel 5 is aligned with the previously marked high point of the main rail, stop the rapid movement of the machine tool.

[0021] 5. Rotate the manual feed handle 6 by hand to control the grinding head slide 12 to move downward along the axis of the electric spindle 13. The grinding wheel quickly approaches the guide rail surface. When it is about to approach, stop rotating the manual feed handle 6 and rotate the micro-feed handle instead to control the cup-shaped grinding wheel 5 to slowly approach the guide rail surface. When you see grinding sparks, stop immediately; start the machine tool, and the workbench or movable slide will perform the feed movement in the front and back directions. The bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5 on the guide rail self-grinding device will follow the surface of the main rail and start to repeatedly grind the high point position marked on the main rail before. After completing each direction, rotate the micro-feed handle 1 once clockwise to make the bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5 approach the guide rail surface continuously. The rotation angle should be adjusted according to the grinding feed amount of the machine tool guide rail.

[0022] 6. After grinding all the high points marked on the main rail, check the straightness of the main rail again, mark the new high points and grind again; when the straightness of the main rail is ≤0.02mm, the rough grinding is completed; if the guide rail is severely worn and has deep scratches and grooves, it is necessary to add guide rail repair welding and surface quenching processes;

[0023] 7. Dress the grinding wheel and start fine grinding the full length of the main guide rail. The grinding method is the same as the above steps. When grinding the full length of the guide rail, the guide rail self-grinding device may interfere with the machine tool body. When interference occurs, the full length fine grinding of the main guide rail should be divided into two parts. First, grind 2 / 3 of the travel on one side of the guide rail. After grinding, adjust the position of the fixed bending plate 10 installed on the workbench or movable carriage of the machine tool, and then grind 2 / 3 of the travel on the other side of the guide rail.

[0024] 8. After the main guide rail is ground, the other auxiliary guide rails of the machine tool are ground. The grinding method is similar to that of the main guide rail. The auxiliary guide rail does not require straightness testing and the entire guide rail can be ground directly.

[0025] 9. Check the flatness of the main guide surface and the parallelism of the auxiliary guide surfaces.

[0026] The present invention utilizes the feed motion of the machine tool itself to complete the grinding of the machine tool guide rails, and has the advantages of low guide rail repair cost, high efficiency, easy installation and use, and high precision after guide rail repair. It can be applied to the guide rail grinding and repair work of various lathes and milling machines. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is an accompanying drawing of Example 1 of the background technology of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is the accompanying drawing of Example 2 of the background technology of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 、 4 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0030] Specific implementation method

[0031] like Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the present invention is a self-grinding device for a non-cylindrical sliding guide rail after wear, comprising a micro-feed handle 1, a level indicator 2, a fixed support 3 under the electric spindle, a grinding wheel mounting assembly 4, a bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5, a manual feed handle 6, a worm gear reducer 7, a feed transmission support 8, a carriage base 9, a fixed bending plate 10, a fixed support 11 on the electric spindle, a grinding head slide 12, an electric spindle 13, an adjusting screw 14, a fixed support pin 15, a slide guide rail inlay 16, a pressure plate 17 and an angle adjustment bracket 18.

[0032] The bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5 is fixedly mounted on the electric spindle 13 via the grinding wheel mounting assembly 4, with a transmission ratio of 1:1. The electric spindle 13 is fixed to the upper fixed support 11 and the lower fixed support 3. The lower fixed support 3 has an adjustment screw 14 that moves and adjusts the fore-aft fixed position of the lower fixed support 3. This allows for slight adjustments to the fore-aft mounting angle of the electric spindle 13 within ±1.5°. The upper fixed support 11 of the electric spindle and the lower fixed support 3 of the electric spindle are fixed to the grinding head slide 12 through the fixed support pin 15. The grinding head slide 12 includes a slide body, a sliding guide rail and a nut. The carriage base 9 includes a base body, a screw, an angle adjustment bracket 18, a feed transmission support 8, a worm gear reducer 7, a pressure plate 17, a fine feed handle 1 and a manual feed handle 6. The manual feed handle 6 is connected to the screw 1:1 at the upper end of the carriage base 9 through the worm gear reducer 7. The fine feed handle 1 is also connected to the screw 1:30 at the upper end of the carriage base 9 through the worm gear reducer 7. The feed transmission support 8 is sleeved on the outside of the screw. The pressure plate 17 and the base body of the carriage base 9 form a guide groove for the sliding guide rail of the grinding head slide 12 to slide up and down. The slide guide strip 16 is installed in the guide groove. The leadscrew on the carriage base 9 cooperates with the nut on the grinding head slide 12. When the leadscrew on the carriage base 9 rotates, the grinding head slide 12 can be driven to move up and down; the leadscrew thread on the carriage base 9 is a single-start, right-hand thread with a pitch of 6mm; the manual feed handle 6 is connected to the leadscrew 1:1 through the worm gear reducer 7. When the manual feed handle 6 is rotated one circle (360°) counterclockwise, the grinding head slide 12 moves upward by 6mm, and when it is rotated one circle clockwise, the grinding head slide 12 moves downward by 6mm; the fine-motion feed handle 1 is connected to the leadscrew 1:30 through the worm gear reducer 7. When the fine-motion feed handle 1 is rotated one circle (360°) counterclockwise, the grinding head slide 12 moves upward by 0.2mm, and when it is rotated one circle clockwise, the grinding head slide 12 moves downward by 0.2mm.

[0033] The guide rail self-grinding device is fixed to the workbench or movable slide of the machine tool through a fixed bent plate 10. The angle adjustment bracket 18 on the slide base 9 is fixed to the fixed bent plate 10 through four M24 screws. The level indicator 2 is fixed to the electric spindle 13. A bubble level is installed every 30° in the circumferential direction of the level indicator 2. A total of 12 bubble levels are evenly distributed. By observing the flow position of each bubble in the 12 bubble levels, the current fixed angle of the guide rail self-grinding device can be quickly determined.

[0034] The guide rail self-grinding device designed in this scheme is mainly composed of components such as an electric spindle and a mounting slide, and has the function of adjusting the grinding head angle (±45°). It can grind flat surfaces and inclined sliding guide rails with an angle of ≤45°. The rotation of the grinding wheel is directly driven by the electric spindle.

[0035] The main steps of using the device of the present invention to perform self-repair of the guide rail after wear are as follows:

[0036] 1. First, adjust the level of the machine tool guide rail. After adjustment, check the straightness of the machine tool main guide rail, find the corresponding high point of the machine tool main guide rail and mark it.

[0037] 2. The guide rail self-grinding device is fixed on the workbench or movable slide of the machine tool through the fixed bent plate 10. Then, according to the angle of the guide rail to be ground, the four M24 screws on the angle adjustment bracket 18 are loosened, and the fixed angle of the guide rail self-grinding device is quickly adjusted by observing the bubbles in the horizontal indicator 2, thereby completing the coarse adjustment of the guide rail grinding angle; then, the dial indicator is adsorbed on the grinding wheel mounting assembly 4 of the electric spindle 13, and the rotor of the electric spindle 13 is rotated by hand to adjust the perpendicularity of the axis of the electric spindle 13 and the guide rail surface to ensure that it is within 0.04mm, thereby completing the fine adjustment of the guide rail grinding angle.

[0038] 3. Install the bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5 on the grinding wheel mounting assembly 4, rotate the manual feed handle 6, and the grinding head slide 12 will move up and down along the axis of the electric spindle 13. When the lower surface of the grinding wheel reaches a safe distance (about 30 mm) from the surface of the main guide rail, stop rotating the handle and start the grinding wheel rotation.

[0039] 4. Start the machine tool and quickly move the workbench or movable carriage. The guide rail self-grinding device will also move with it. When the lower surface of the bowl grinding wheel 5 is aligned with the previously marked high point position of the main guide rail, stop the rapid movement of the machine tool.

[0040] 5. Rotate the manual feed handle 6 by hand to control the grinding head slide 12 to move downward along the axis of the electric spindle 13, and the grinding wheel quickly approaches the guide rail surface. When it is about to approach, stop rotating the manual feed handle 6 and rotate the micro-feed handle 1 instead to control the bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5 to slowly approach the guide rail surface. When you see grinding sparks, stop immediately; start the machine tool, and the workbench or movable slide will perform the feed movement in the forward and backward directions. The bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5 on the guide rail self-grinding device will follow the surface of the main guide rail and start to repeatedly grind the high point position marked on the main guide rail before. After completing each direction, rotate the micro-feed handle 1 clockwise once to make the bowl-shaped grinding wheel 5 continue to approach the guide rail surface. The rotation angle should be adjusted according to the grinding feed amount of the machine tool guide rail.

[0041] 6. After all the high points marked on the main guide rail are ground, the straightness of the main guide rail should be checked again, and the new high points should be marked and ground again. When the straightness of the main guide rail is ≤0.02mm, the rough grinding is completed. If the guide rail is severely worn and has deep scratches and grooves, additional processes such as guide rail repair welding and surface quenching are required.

[0042] 7. Dress the grinding wheel and begin fine grinding the entire length of the main guide rail (grinding method is the same as above). When grinding the entire length of the guide rail, the guide rail self-grinding device may interfere with the machine tool body. When interference occurs, the full-length fine grinding of the main guide rail should be divided into two parts. First, grind 2 / 3 of the travel on one side of the guide rail. After grinding, adjust the position of the fixed bending plate 10 installed on the workbench or movable slide of the machine tool, and then grind 2 / 3 of the travel on the other side of the guide rail.

[0043] 8. After the main guide rail is ground, the other auxiliary guide rails of the machine tool are ground (the auxiliary guide rail does not need to be tested for straightness, and the entire guide rail can be ground directly). The grinding method is similar to that of the main guide rail.

[0044] 9. Check the flatness of the main guide surface and the parallelism of each auxiliary guide surface. After passing the test, carry out the surface plastic lamination process of the machine tool coupling guide (moving guide or upper guide). Since it does not fall within the scope of the patent, it will not be introduced in detail.

[0045] After all the above work is completed, the geometric accuracy of the machine tool is inspected as a whole (the straightness and verticality of each axis of the machine tool, the transmission accuracy of the crossbeam, tool holder, worktable and bed, etc.), records are kept, and the guide rail repair work is completed.

[0046] The 12 bubble levels evenly distributed on the level indicator 2 of the present invention can quickly determine the current angle of the guide rail self-grinding device by observing the flow position of the bubbles.

[0047] The present invention proposes a guide rail self-grinding device and repair process for realizing the self-repair function after the non-cylindrical sliding guide rail is worn. The guide rail self-grinding device is directly mounted and fixed on the workbench or movable carriage of the machine tool. There is no need to disassemble, decompose, hoist, transport over long distances and install the machine tool. The machine tool guide rail grinding is completed by using the machine tool's own feed motion. It has the advantages of low guide rail repair cost, high efficiency, convenient installation and use, and high precision after the guide rail is repaired. After the guide rail is ground, the guide rail surface and the surface of the machine tool coupling guide rail (moving guide rail) will form a coupling guide rail surface with a polytetrafluoroethylene guide rail soft belt. The guide rail surface of the coupling guide rail directly slides and rubs with the ground long guide rail surface of the machine tool. It is no longer necessary to perform a grinding and scraping process on the long guide rail, which can greatly reduce the cost of manpower and material resources. The use of this guide rail self-grinding device to repair the guide rails of large equipment is particularly advantageous and can be applied to the guide rail grinding and repair work of various lathes and milling machines.

Claims

1. A self-repair method for a non-cylindrical sliding guide rail after wear, characterized by: The following steps are involved: 1) First, adjust the level of the machine tool guide rail, then check the straightness of the machine tool main rail, find the corresponding high point of the machine tool main rail and mark it; 2) The guide rail self-grinding device is fixed on the workbench or movable carriage of the machine tool through the fixed bent plate (10), and then the angle adjustment bracket is adjusted according to the guide rail angle to be ground, and the fixed angle of the guide rail self-grinding device is adjusted by observing the horizontal indicator (2), thereby completing the rough adjustment of the guide rail grinding angle; then the dial indicator is adsorbed on the grinding wheel mounting assembly (4) of the electric spindle (13), and the rotor of the electric spindle (13) is rotated by hand to adjust the verticality between the axis of the electric spindle (13) and the guide rail surface, thereby completing the fine adjustment of the guide rail grinding angle; 3) Install the bowl-shaped grinding wheel (5) on the grinding wheel mounting assembly (4), rotate the manual feed handle (6), and stop rotating the handle when the lower surface of the bowl-shaped grinding wheel (5) reaches a safe distance from the main guide rail surface, and start the grinding wheel rotation; 4) Start the machine tool, quickly move the workbench or movable carriage, and when the lower surface of the bowl grinding wheel (5) is aligned with the previously marked high point position of the main guide rail, stop the rapid movement of the machine tool; 5) Manually rotate the manual feed handle (6) to control the grinding head slide (12) to move downward along the axis of the electric spindle (13), and the grinding wheel quickly approaches the guide rail surface. When it is about to approach, stop rotating the manual feed handle (6) and rotate the micro-feed handle instead to control the bowl-shaped grinding wheel (5) to slowly approach the guide rail surface. When you see the sparks of grinding, stop immediately; start the machine tool, the workbench or the movable carriage performs the feed movement in the front and back directions, and the bowl-shaped grinding wheel (5) on the guide rail self-grinding device will follow the main rail surface and start to repeatedly grind the high point position marked before the main rail. After completing each direction, rotate the micro-feed handle (1) once in the clockwise direction to make the bowl-shaped grinding wheel (5) approach the guide rail surface continuously. The rotation angle should be adjusted according to the grinding feed amount of the machine tool guide rail; 6) After all the high points marked on the main rail are ground, the straightness of the main rail is checked again, and the new high points are marked and ground again. When the straightness of the main rail is ≤0.02mm, the rough grinding is completed. If the guide rail is severely worn and has deep scratches and grooves, it is necessary to add guide rail repair welding and surface quenching processes. 7) Dress the grinding wheel and start fine grinding the full length of the main guide rail. The grinding method is the same as the above steps. When grinding the full length of the guide rail, the guide rail self-grinding device may interfere with the machine tool body. When interference occurs, the full length fine grinding of the main guide rail should be divided into two parts. First, grind 2 / 3 of the travel on one side of the guide rail. After grinding, adjust the position of the fixed bending plate (10) installed on the workbench or movable carriage of the machine tool, and then grind 2 / 3 of the travel on the other side of the guide rail. 8) After the main guide rail is ground, the other auxiliary guide rails of the machine tool are ground. The grinding method is similar to that of the main guide rail. The auxiliary guide rail does not require straightness testing and the entire guide rail can be ground directly. 9) Check the flatness of the main guide surface and the parallelism of each auxiliary guide surface.

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