A modified glass for windows and its manufacturing process

Abstract

The present invention discloses a modified glass for windows and its manufacturing process. Through three main steps of the manufacturing process: cleaning, concave embossing, and sintering, it is made into a modified glass for windows with high permeability, high human eye comfort, and high universality for various light sources from the original float soda-lime glass sheet; during the process, alcohol-soluble ink is also used for coloring. Compared with a large number of inks containing organic solvents in the past, this process is more environmentally friendly; the window glass in total includes four layers: a visual control layer, a decorative layer, a base layer, and a protective layer. The layers are tightly combined and stable in properties. The modified glass for windows produced by the present invention has high usage performance value and visual value.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of glass, and particularly relates to a modified glass for windows and its manufacturing process. Background Art

[0002] Glass, as a common material, has a history of thousands of years. With the continuous development of science and technology and manufacturing processes, glass materials have been continuously improved and innovated. Currently, glass has been widely used in fields such as architecture, automotive, optics, electronics, and instruments.

[0003] As early as around 3500 BC, the ancient Egyptians had mastered the glass-making technique. They used a kind of clay called "corona" to make ornaments, which was very similar to glass. Around 1500 BC, the ancient Egyptians began to use glass to make jewelry and ornaments, and these glass products were considered very precious. The Romans also made significant progress in glass-making. They invented the technique of blowing glass, making glass-making more delicate and efficient.

[0004] In the early 19th century, the Frenchman Belluste invented a method of manufacturing glass by using the high temperature generated by gas combustion, which made the industrial production of glass possible. With the development of industrialization, glass became a widely used building material for making windows, doors, walls, etc. In the early 20th century, the American Elmer Smith invented the glass tempering technique, which can make glass stronger and more durable and is widely used in the automotive, construction, and other fields.

[0005] With the continuous progress of science and technology, the types of modern glass materials are also increasing. For example, borosilicate glass can withstand extreme environments such as high temperature and high pressure and is used to make the front windows of nuclear reactors and high-speed trains. Alumina glass can be used to make high-precision instruments and optical devices. At the same time, by using emerging technologies such as nanotechnology and optical technology, glass materials with special functions can also be manufactured, such as radiation-proof glass, self-cleaning glass, laminated glass, noise-proof glass, etc. Using glass in household appliances is a relatively promising application recently. Among them, to manufacture glass that meets specific requirements, various processes are required. How to form glass raw materials into products with specific shapes and sizes without cracking or deforming during the processing is a great challenge to the manufacturing process. Given the smoothness and transparency of glass itself, the present invention plans to develop a modified glass for windows and use the manufacturing process to endow it with the advantages of high permeability, suitability for common colored light sources, and high human eye comfort. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a modified glass for windows.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0008] A modified glass for a window, comprising a visual control layer, a decorative layer, a protective layer and a base material layer, characterized in that the base material layer is a glass sheet, the visual control layer and the decorative layer are on the same side of the base material layer, and the protective layer is on the other side of the base material layer; the visual control layer covers the window area, and the decorative layer covers all the blank areas of the glass sheet except the window area; the visual control layer is formed by baking at least two layers of ink, and the thickness of the visual control layer is 100-150 μm; the decorative layer is sintered from at least one texture and at least one layer of ink; the thickness of the decorative layer is 60-80 μm; the protective layer is a transparent film, and the thickness of the film is 0.2-0.3 mm.

[0009] The preparation process includes the following steps:

[0010] S1. Cleaning: Clean the glass sheet in a cleaning machine, remove water and dry it to obtain the base material layer for standby;

[0011] S2. Concave embossing: Place the base material layer obtained in step S1, that is, the glass sheet, on the workbench, screen-print a texture on the surface of the glass sheet first; then perform masking treatment to cover the blank areas without texture imprints, apply the composite acid on the glass sheet, and form depressions in the unmasked areas through chemical etching; remove the residual composite acid on the glass sheet by washing with water, remove the mask, dry it and reserve it for the second time; for coloring treatment, place the glass sheet at the position to be sprayed, spray the mixed ink A on the entire area of the glass sheet, bake it, and the ink dries up to complete the first coloring to obtain the decorative layer; use a mask to leave space for the window area and cover the rest of the glass sheet, spray the mixed ink B on the window area, bake it, and the ink dries up to complete the second coloring to obtain the visual control layer; remove the mask, measure the chromaticity of the window area and the non-window area, and if it meets the chromaticity difference range, proceed to the next step, otherwise, perform rework treatment;

[0012] S3. Sintering: Put the glass sheet after the concave embossing treatment in step S2 into a firing furnace for high-temperature treatment, cool it, and attach a transparent film, that is, the protective layer, to finally obtain a modified glass for a window.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solutions, the thickness of the visual control layer is appropriate and will not affect the touch sensitivity; at least two coloring operations enable the glass sheet to display decorative textures while the window area has strong universality for various colored light sources and will not be affected by the light source medium, reducing the visual comfort; the protective layer is convenient for transportation and storage.

[0014] Preferably, the glass sheet is float soda-lime glass.

[0015] Preferably, in the step S1, the cleaning duration is 5 to 10 minutes and the frequency is 42 to 46 KHz.

[0016] By adopting the above technical solution, the surface of the raw glass sheet is transparent and delicate, and has a certain toughness, and the processing operability is strong.

[0017] Preferably, in the step S2, the depression depth is 0.01 to 0.03 mm and the wire width of the wire mesh is 0.01 to 3 mm.

[0018] By adopting the above technical solution, the appropriate depth-width ratio retains the mechanical strength of the raw glass sheet, which is beneficial to extending the service life; the depth of the concave texture facilitates uniform coloring of the ink and is not easy to cause the problem of ink pasting. The wire width of the texture strengthens the refraction and reflection of the light source, making the window area of the raw glass sheet display normally and having good permeability.

[0019] Preferably, the chromaticity difference range is ΔE within 0 to 1.

[0020] By adopting the above technical solution, in the normal visible state of the naked eye when the light source is not turned on, there is no sense of patch in the window area.

[0021] Preferably, the mixed ink A in the step S2 is an alcohol-soluble ink, and by mass, it includes the following components: 93% modified polyester acrylate resin, 4% TPO, 1.2% BYK-111, 1.8% colored pigment.

[0022] Preferably, the mixed ink B in the step S2 is a water-soluble ink, and by mass, it includes the following components: 91% modified polyamide resin, 2% alginate, 6.5% Omnipol TP, 0.5% colored pigment.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, a large amount of volatile organic solvents such as benzene and amine substances are not used in the ink. The inks of these two formulations have low odor and no toxicity, and the processing process is environmentally friendly and safe.

[0024] Preferably, the baking temperature during coloring in the step S2 is 140 to 160 °C, and the baking time is 4 to 8 minutes.

[0025] Preferably, the temperature in the firing furnace in the step S3 is 670 to 720 °C.

[0026] By adopting the above technical solution, the coloring and texture are firm and have good stability.

[0027] The beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0028] First, the thickness of the visual control layer is moderate and will not affect the touch sensitivity; with at least two coloring operations, the original glass sheet can display decorative textures while making the window area highly adaptable to various colored light sources, not affected by the light source medium, and reducing visual comfort; the protective layer facilitates transportation and storage.

[0029] Second, an appropriate depth-width ratio retains the mechanical strength of the original glass sheet, which is conducive to extending the service life; the concave texture depth facilitates uniform ink coloring and is not prone to the problem of ink smearing on the plate. The line width of the texture strengthens the refraction and reflection of light, enabling the window area of the original glass sheet to display normally and having good light transmittance; in the normal state visible to the naked eye when the light source is not turned on, there is no patchy feeling in the window area.

[0030] Third, a large amount of volatile organic solvents such as benzene and amine substances are not used in the ink: the inks of these two formulations have low odor and are non-toxic, and the processing process is environmentally friendly and safe.

[0031] In summary, the technical advantages of this application are reflected in: high adaptability to various colored light sources; good light transmittance; no patchy feeling, beautiful; not overly reflective, high human eye comfort; appropriate layer thickness, facilitating sensitive operation of the visual control layer; firm coloring and texture, good stability; the coloring ink has no organic solvents, and the process has high safety. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of ink smearing on the glass for Comparative Example 1;

[0033] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of black spots on the glass for Comparative Example 1;

[0034] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of normal state of glass coloring for Example 1;

[0035] Figure 4 Arrangement diagram of each layer of the glass, where the texture, size and position are only for illustration purposes and do not serve as spatial or style limitations.

[0036] Reference numerals: 1, visual control layer; 2, decorative layer; 3, base layer; 4, protective layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0037] The present invention will be further described below through specific examples, but it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1:

[0039] S1. Cleaning: After cleaning the original glass sheet, removing water and drying it in a cleaning machine, the base layer 3 is obtained for standby;

[0040] Among them, the cleaning duration is 5 minutes, and the frequency is 42 - 46 KHz.

[0041] S2. Concave Masking: Place the base layer 3 obtained in step S1, i.e., the glass sheet, on the operating table. First, screen-print a layer of texture on the surface of the glass sheet; then perform masking treatment to cover the blank areas without texture imprints, apply the composite acid on the glass sheet, and form depressions in the unmasked areas through chemical etching; remove the residual composite acid on the glass sheet by water washing, remove the mask, and dry it for secondary standby; perform coloring treatment. Place the glass sheet at the position to be sprayed, spray the mixed ink A on the entire glass sheet area, bake it until the ink dries, and the first-degree coloring is completed to obtain the decorative layer 2; use the mask to leave space for the window area and cover the remaining areas of the glass sheet, spray the mixed ink B on the window area, bake it until the ink dries, and the second-degree coloring is completed to obtain the visual control layer 1; remove the mask, measure the chromaticity of the window area and the non-window area, and proceed to the next step if it meets the chromaticity difference range, otherwise, perform rework treatment;

[0042] Among them, the visual control layer is formed by baking at least two layers of ink, and the thickness of the visual control layer is 125μm;

[0043] Among them, the depressions formed by chemical etching in the unmasked areas have a depth of 0.01 - 0.03mm, and the wire width of the screen is 0.01 - 3mm.

[0044] Among them, the mixed ink A is an alcohol-soluble ink. By mass, it includes the following components: 93% modified polyester acrylate resin, 4% TPO, 1.2% BYK - 111, 1.8% colored pigment.

[0045] The mixed ink B is a water-soluble ink. By mass, it includes the following components: 91% modified polyamide resin, 2% alginate, 6.5% Omnipol TP, 0.5% colored pigment.

[0046] Among them, during the two-degree coloring, the baking temperature is controlled at 140 - 160°C, and the baking time is 4 - 8min.

[0047] S3. Sintering: Place the glass sheet after concave masking treatment in step S2 into a firing furnace for high-temperature treatment, cool it, and attach a transparent film, i.e., the protective layer 4, to finally obtain a modified glass for windows.

[0048] Among them, the temperature of the glass sheet in the firing furnace is 690°C.

[0049] Example 2:

[0050] S1 Cleaning: Clean the glass sheet in a cleaning machine, remove water, and dry it to obtain the base layer 3 for standby;

[0051] Among them, the cleaning duration is 10 min, and the frequency is 42 - 46 KHz.

[0052] S2 Concave Masking: Place the base layer 3 obtained in step S1, i.e., the glass substrate, on the operating table. First, screen-print a layer of texture on the surface of the glass substrate; then perform masking treatment to cover the blank areas without texture imprints. Apply the composite acid to the glass substrate, and form depressions in the unmasked areas through chemical etching; remove the residual composite acid on the glass substrate by water washing, remove the mask, and dry it for secondary use; for coloring treatment, place the glass substrate at the position to be sprayed, spray the mixed ink A over the entire area of the glass substrate, bake it, and the ink dries up, completing the first-degree coloring to obtain the decorative layer 2; use the mask to leave the space for the window area and cover the rest of the glass substrate, spray the mixed ink B on the window area, bake it, and the ink dries up, completing the second-degree coloring to obtain the visual control layer 1; remove the mask, measure the chromaticity of the window area and the non-window area, and if it meets the chromaticity difference range, proceed to the next step, otherwise, perform rework treatment;

[0053] Among them, the visual control layer is formed by baking and printing at least two layers of ink, and the thickness of the visual control layer is 125 μm;

[0054] Among them, the depressions formed by chemical etching in the unmasked areas have a depth of 0.01 - 0.03 mm, and the wire width of the silk screen is 0.01 - 3 mm.

[0055] Among them, the mixed ink A is an alcohol-soluble ink. By mass, it includes the following components: 93% modified polyester acrylate resin, 4% TPO, 1.2% BYK - 111, and 1.8% colored pigment.

[0056] The mixed ink B is a water-soluble ink. By mass, it includes the following components: 91% modified polyamide resin, 2% seaweed gum, 6.5% Omnipol TP, and 0.5% colored pigment.

[0057] Among them, during the two-degree coloring, the baking temperature is controlled at 140 - 160 °C, and the baking time is 4 - 8 min.

[0058] S3 Sintering: Place the glass substrate after concave masking treatment in step S2 into a firing furnace for high-temperature treatment, cool it, and attach a transparent film, i.e., the protective layer 4, to finally obtain a modified glass for windows.

[0059] Among them, the temperature of the glass substrate in the firing furnace is 720 °C.

[0060] Example 3: The temperature of the glass substrate in the firing furnace in this example is 670 °C, and the other steps are the same as those in Example 2.

[0061] Example 4: On the basis of Example 2, adjust the thickness of the visual control layer to 100 μm, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0062] Example 5: On the basis of Example 2, adjust the thickness of the visual control layer to 150 μm, and the rest remains unchanged.

[0063] Comparative Example 1: Based on Example 1, adjust the depression depth / filament wire width in step S2 to abnormal parameter values, and consider the influence on the coloring uniformity. The normal range of the depth is 0.01 - 0.03 mm, and the normal range of the wire width is 0.01 - 3 mm. Values outside the above range are within the abnormal parameter value range, and the rest of the operations remain unchanged. The results are shown in Appendix Figure 1 , Comparison of 2, 3:

[0064] Figure 1 It shows that there is a phenomenon of paste plate during the coloring of the glass substrate in Comparative Example 1;

[0065] Figure 2 It shows that there is a color difference of black dots during the coloring of the glass substrate in Comparative Example 1;

[0066] Figure 3 It shows the normal coloring state of the glass substrate in Example 1;

[0067] Conclusion: With the depression depth and filament wire width within the normal numerical range, the ink coloring is uniform. For the glass substrates within the abnormal numerical range, there will be varying degrees of coloring problems, affecting the appearance.

[0068] Comparative Example 2: Based on Example 2, adjust the temperature in the firing furnace in step S3, and consider the influence of temperature on the firmness of coloring and texture display. The rest remains unchanged, and the temperature is set to 650 °C;

[0069] Comparative Example 3: Based on Example 2, adjust the temperature in the firing furnace in step S3, and the rest remains unchanged. The temperature is set to 750 °C;

[0070] The results are as follows:

[0071] For the glass substrates in Examples 1 / 2 / 3, the coloring is normal, and the integration is stable without any influence;

[0072] After firing the glass substrate in Comparative Example 2 at 650 °C and scratching it with an external force, the ink layer peels off;

[0073] After firing the glass substrate in Comparative Example 3 at 750 °C, the main color is firm, but the glass has cracks.

[0074] Therefore, it is selected to control the firing temperature at 670 - 720 °C.

[0075] Comparative Example 4: Based on Example 2, adjust the proportion of Ink B, 90% modified polyamide resin, 2% algin, 6.5% Omnipol TP, 1.5% colored pigment.

[0076] Comparative Example 5: Based on Example 2, adjust the proportion of Ink B, 90.5% modified polyamide resin, 2% algin, 6.5% Omnipol TP, 1.0% colored pigment.

[0077] Comparative Example 6: Based on Example 2, adjust the proportion of Ink B, 91.2% modified polyamide resin, 2% algin, 6.5% Omnipol TP, 0.3% colored pigment.

[0078] Comparative Example 7: In the existing process, the same ink is generally used for two-layer coloring; simulate the existing process, based on Example 2, do not use Ink A, and only use Ink B for two-layer coloring.

[0079] Among them, the Ink B for the second coloring has a greater impact on the patchiness. Ink A mainly plays a major role in the decorative layer. Control the simultaneous testing of multiple colored light sources, and use the numerical data of the CS-422 spectrocolorimeter to numerically display the patchiness of the visual window area visible to the naked eye, with △E controlled within 0 to 1; the proportions of the two inks are as follows in the table:

[0080]

[0081]

[0082] According to the readings of the colorimeter and the results of the colored light source tests, the statistics are as follows in the table:

[0083] Color difference Colored light source test A and B1 1.2 Clear A and B2 1.1 Clear A and B3 0.8 Clear A and B4 0.5 Blurry B3 and B3 1.2 Blurry

[0084] Conclusion:

[0085] Ⅰ. Ink A and Ink B with different proportions are used to color the original glass sheet at least twice. Only the two-coloring with Ink B cannot make the visual window area free of patchiness and is not suitable for various colored light sources.

[0086] Ⅱ. The proportion of Ink B has a great impact on the patchiness of the modified glass for the visual window visible to the naked eye. Among them, △E that meets the colorimeter numerical value within a reasonable range is 0 to 1. Only the group of A and B3 meets this requirement. Therefore, select Ink A: 93% modified polyester acrylate resin, 4% TPO, 1.2% BYK-111, 1.8% colored pigment; Ink B: 91% modified polyamide resin, 2% algin, 6.5% Omnipol TP, 0.5% colored pigment.

[0087] Comparative Example 8: On the basis of Example 2, the thickness of the ink was tested to detect its influence on the operation sensitivity of the vision control layer, and the total thickness of the two layers was controlled to be 80 μm respectively, and the rest remained unchanged.

[0088] Comparative Example 9: On the basis of Example 2, the thickness of the ink was tested to detect its influence on the operation sensitivity of the vision control layer, and the total thickness of the two layers was controlled to be 160 μm respectively, and the rest remained unchanged.

[0089] The thickness of the ink was tested to detect its influence on the operation sensitivity of the vision control layer, and the results are as follows;

[0090]

[0091]

[0092] Conclusion: An overly thick ink layer will affect the sensitivity. However, considering comprehensively, although the sensitivity of the 80-μm thickness meets the requirements, it will affect the transmittance and reflectivity of the vision control layer. Exclude this thickness option and control the thickness of the vision control layer to be 100-150 μm.

[0093] In summary, the modified glass for windows prepared by the present invention has the advantages of high universality for various colored light sources; good permeability; no patchy feeling and good appearance; no excessive reflection and high human eye comfort; appropriate layer thickness for sensitive operation of the vision control layer; firm coloring and texture and good stability; no organic solvents in the coloring ink and high process safety.

[0094] The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A modified glass for window, comprising a visual control layer (1), a decorative layer (2), a protective layer (4) and a base material layer (3). It is characterized in that the base material layer (3) is a glass sheet, the visual control layer (1) and the decorative layer (2) are on the same side of the base material layer (3), and the protective layer (4) is on the other side of the base material layer (3); the visual control layer (1) covers the window area, and the decorative layer (2) covers the entire glass sheet area; the visual control layer (1) is sintered from at least two layers of ink, and the thickness of the visual control layer (1) is 100 - 150 μm; the decorative layer (2) is sintered from at least one texture and at least one layer of ink; the thickness of the decorative layer (2) is 60 - 80 μm; the protective layer (4) is a transparent film, and the thickness of the film is 0.2 - 0.3 mm. The process of the modified glass for window includes the following steps: S1. Cleaning: After cleaning the glass sheet, removing water and drying in a cleaning machine, the base material layer (3) is obtained for standby. S2. Concave embossing: Place the base material layer (3) obtained in step S1, that is, the glass sheet, on the workbench, screen-print a texture on the surface of the glass sheet first; then perform a masking treatment to cover the blank area without texture imprints, apply a composite acid on the glass sheet, and form depressions in the unmasked area through chemical etching. Remove the residual composite acid on the glass sheet by water washing, remove the mask, and dry for secondary standby. Coloring treatment: Place the glass sheet at the position to be sprayed, spray the mixed ink A on the entire glass sheet area, bake, and the ink dries up to complete the first coloring to obtain the decorative layer (2); use a mask to leave space for the window area and cover the rest of the glass sheet area, spray the mixed ink B on the window area, bake, and the ink dries up to complete the second coloring to obtain the visual control layer (1); remove the mask, measure the chromaticity of the window area and the non-window area, and if it meets the chromaticity difference range, proceed to the next step, otherwise, rework. S3. Sintering: Put the glass sheet after concave embossing treatment in step S2 into a firing furnace for high-temperature treatment, cool, and attach a transparent film, that is, the protective layer (4), to finally obtain a modified glass for window.

2. A modified glass for window according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the glass sheet is float soda-lime glass.

3. A modified glass for window according to claim 1, It is characterized in that in step S1, the cleaning duration is 5 - 10 min and the frequency is 42 - 46 KHz.

4. A modified glass for window according to claim 1, It is characterized in that in step S2, the depression depth is 0.01 - 0.03 mm and the wire width of the screen is 0.01 - 3 mm.

5. A modified glass for window according to claim 1, It is characterized in that the chromaticity difference range in step S2 is ΔE within 0 - 1.

6. A modified glass for window according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The mixed ink A in the step S2 is an alcohol-soluble ink, which, by mass, comprises the following components: 93% modified polyester acrylate resin, 4% photoinitiator TPO, 1.2% BYK-111, and 1.8% pigment.

7. A modified glass for a window according to claim 1, wherein, the mixed ink B in the step S2 is a water-soluble ink, which, by mass, comprises the following components: 91% modified polyamide resin, 2% alginate, 6.5% IGMOmnipolTP, and 0.5% pigment.

8. A modified glass for a window according to claim 1, wherein, the baking temperature during coloring in the step S2 is 140-160 °C, and the baking time is 4-8 min.

9. A modified glass for a window according to claim 1, wherein, the temperature in the firing furnace in the step S3 is 670-720 °C.

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