One-step anchor bolt machine-mounted joint, anchor bolt including the joint, and installation method thereof

Abstract

The present invention discloses a one-step anchor bolt machine-mounted joint, an anchor bolt including the joint, and an installation method thereof, comprising a joint body, a limiter, and a drive nut. The joint body is in transmission connection with the drive nut, and the drive nut is threadedly connected to the outside of the anchor bolt; the drive nut is arranged at a distance X1 from the tail end of the anchor bolt, and the portion from the tail end of the anchor bolt to the drive nut first enters the joint body during alignment to position the joint body and the drive nut. The present invention reserves a portion of the length of the tail end of the anchor bolt, so that when the self-locking nut is assembled with the joint body, the tail end of the anchor bolt first enters the joint body to form a positioning, thereby preventing the anchor bolt from falling out of the anchor hole when the self-locking nut is aligned with the joint body; and it can ensure that the self-locking nut and the joint body can be automatically aligned by a drilling rig without manual intervention.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of anchoring devices, and in particular to a one-step anchor bolt machine-mounted joint, an anchor bolt comprising the joint, and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In underground projects, mining projects, foundation pits, and slope projects involved in geotechnical engineering, a major form of reinforcement for strata or rock formations is to insert anchor bolts into the rock formations for support to prevent deformation, collapse, or instability of the underlying layers, which could endanger safety. This reinforcement is achieved through the high tensile strength of the anchor bolts set in the strata or rock formations, and through the close connection between the anchor bolt body and the grouting surrounding the anchor bolts and the strata, thereby improving the integrity of the strata or rock formations. This technology plays a variety of mechanical roles, such as shear resistance, tension resistance, and compression resistance, to control deformation of the strata or rock formations and achieve a stable and safe state. This technology has been used and developed for over a hundred years, and a variety of anchor bolt support types and processes have been proposed to meet the needs of different strata and conditions.

[0003] Prestressed expansion shell anchor: Utilizes the expansion force of the anchor head to form a point anchor force, allowing for rapid application of prestress. Because the expansion force is generated by friction between the expansion shell and the hole wall, it is only suitable for use in relatively good rock formations.

[0004] The existing expansion shell anchor installation process is: drilling, inserting the anchor rod, rotating the anchor rod to push the expansion shell piece to form a point anchor force, and after the expansion shell piece is expanded, rotating the nut to tighten the pad to apply prestress. The above-mentioned expansion shell anchor installation process is completed manually by rotating the anchor rod and rotating the nut. In order to solve the problem of high labor intensity and low efficiency of manual operation, it is necessary to replace manual operation with mechanical operation. However, the existing drilling machine cannot achieve both rotating the anchor rod and rotating the nut.

[0005] To solve the aforementioned problems, the prior art provides "One-step anchor machine-mounted joint, anchor rod containing the joint, and installation method thereof", such as the patent with publication number CN202210686884.5. Although it can solve the problems existing in the prior art, the following problems exist in actual construction, especially in large-scale machine construction: In order to ensure that the end of the anchor rod is in contact with the limiting portion, the drive nut is set at the end of the anchor rod. After the anchor hole is drilled, it is difficult to align the joint with the drive nut (hexagonal nut), that is, the drive nut cannot enter the joint, and in the process of aligning the joint with the drive nut, if the alignment is not correct for many times, the anchor rod will fall out of the anchor hole; manual alignment is required subsequently, but manual alignment is labor-intensive and the difficulty of manual alignment varies depending on the position of the anchor hole. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a one-step anchor bolt machine-mounted joint, an anchor bolt containing the joint and an installation method thereof. By reserving a part of the length of the anchor bolt tail, when the self-locking nut is assembled with the joint body, the anchor bolt tail first enters the joint body to form a positioning, thereby preventing the anchor bolt from falling out of the anchor hole when the self-locking nut is aligned with the joint body; and it can ensure that the self-locking nut and the joint body can be automatically aligned by the drilling rig without manual intervention.

[0007] The object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A one-step anchor bolt machine-mounted joint comprises a joint body, a stopper and a drive nut, wherein the joint body is in driving connection with the drive nut, and the drive nut is threadedly connected to the outside of the anchor bolt;

[0009] The driving nut is arranged at a distance X1 from the tail end of the anchor rod, and the portion from the tail end of the anchor rod to the driving nut first enters the joint body during alignment to position the joint body and the driving nut;

[0010] When the anchor rod is not fixed, the limit piece restricts the driving nut from moving axially along the anchor rod, and the joint body drives the anchor rod to rotate synchronously through the driving nut; when the anchor rod is fixed, the driving nut breaks through the restriction of the limit piece, and the joint body drives the driving nut to move axially along the anchor rod and applies prestress to the anchor rod through the pad.

[0011] Furthermore, the joint body is provided with a mounting cavity, the cross section of the mounting cavity is a non-circular structure, and the drive nut is arranged in the mounting cavity and adapted to the mounting cavity.

[0012] Furthermore, a ball head washer is provided on the outside of the driving nut, and the ball head washer is sealed at the end of the installation cavity.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting part includes a fixing part and a limiting part, the fixing part is fixed to the outside of the anchor rod, and the limiting part is arranged close to the driving nut. When the anchor rod is not fixed, the resistance between the limiting part and the driving nut is greater than the resistance between the anchor rod and the anchor head; when the anchor rod is fixed, the resistance between the limiting part and the driving nut is less than the resistance between the anchor rod and the anchor head.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting portion and the fixing portion are both made of soft materials.

[0015] An anchor bolt comprising a one-step anchor bolt machine-assembled joint, wherein the drive nut is threadedly connected to the outside of the anchor bolt.

[0016] Furthermore, the anchor rod is a prestressed anchor rod.

[0017] A method for installing an anchor rod based on a one-step anchor rod machine-mounted joint, wherein the anchor rod is a prestressed expansion shell anchor rod, comprising the following steps:

[0018] S11. Drilling and anchor bolt assembly: Drill the anchor hole with a drilling rig, connect the drilling rig to the joint body, insert the anchor bolt into the anchor hole, leave a gap of X1 between the anchor head end of the anchor bolt and the bottom of the anchor hole, and keep the anchor bolt's pad close to the rock surface; screw the drive nut onto the anchor bolt, exposing the anchor bolt's tail end to the drive nut, and allow the anchor bolt's tail end to the drive nut to extend into the joint body. When the joint body rotates, it automatically engages with the drive nut. A ball head washer is set on the outside of the anchor bolt, and the ball head washer is pressed tightly between the pad and the joint body;

[0019] S12, anchor head expansion: The rotation of the drilling rig drives the joint body to rotate, and the rotation of the joint body drives the drive nut to rotate. The limiter restricts the axial displacement of the anchor rod, so that the anchor rod rotates synchronously with the drive nut. The rotation of the anchor rod drives the expansion shell of the anchor head to expand;

[0020] S13, prestressing: the expansion shell expands to limit the rotation of the anchor rod, the joint body continues to rotate, and the drive nut breaks through the limit of the limiter and moves toward the washer. The drive nut moves to press against the ball head washer to apply prestressing;

[0021] S14. The working part of the drilling rig is withdrawn in a straight line and the anchoring is completed: After the prestressing is completed, the working part of the drilling rig is withdrawn in a straight line until the joint body is separated from the driving nut, and the anchoring is completed.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0023] 1) The present invention ensures that the expansion shell anchor rod can be installed mechanically in one step through the cooperation between the joint body and the drive nut. The expansion shell anchoring of the anchor rod and the application of prestress to the nut can be achieved only by rotating the drilling rig. The anchor rod installation process is simple and the entire installation process can be completed in less than 30 seconds. The installation is fast and the work efficiency is extremely high. There is no complicated connection structure between the drilling rig and the anchor rod. When the working part of the drilling rig is retracted, the anchor rod and the drilling rig can be separated by only the working part of the drilling rig being retracted in a straight line without manual intervention. In addition, when the pre-tightening force is applied, the drive nut moves in the installation cavity, and the joint body does not move in a straight line. Therefore, the drive nut will not be separated from the joint body.

[0024] 2) Since a portion of the length of the anchor rod tail is reserved, when the self-locking nut and the joint body are assembled, the anchor rod tail first enters the joint body to form a positioning, preventing the anchor rod from falling out of the anchor hole when the self-locking nut and the joint body are aligned; and it can ensure that the self-locking nut and the joint body can be automatically aligned by the drilling rig without manual intervention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of an anchor bolt including a one-step anchor bolt machine-assembled joint according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 for Figure 1 An enlarged schematic diagram of the local A in the middle;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a diagram showing the state of an anchor bolt including a one-step anchor bolt machine-assembled joint in an embodiment of the present invention, when the joint body and the drive nut are aligned;

[0028] Figure 4 for Figure 3 An enlarged schematic diagram of the part B in the middle;

[0029] In the figure, 1. joint body; 2. limiter; 3. drive nut; 4. anchor rod; 5. mounting cavity; 6. pad; 7. ball head washer; 8. fixing part; 9. limiter; 10. anchor head. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions of the present invention in conjunction with the embodiments. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work shall fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] See Figure 1-Figure 4 , the present invention provides a technical solution:

[0032] Example 1:

[0033] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a one-step anchor bolt machine-assembled joint includes a joint body 1, a limiter 2 and a drive nut 3. The joint body 1 is in transmission connection with the drive nut 3, and the drive nut 3 is threadedly connected to the outside of the anchor bolt 4;

[0034] The drive nut 3 is arranged at a distance X1 from the tail end of the anchor rod 4. The part from the tail end of the anchor rod 4 to the drive nut 3 first enters the joint body 1 during alignment to position the joint body 1 and the drive nut 3. X1 is smaller than the length of the installation cavity 5. For example, when the installation cavity 5 is 10 cm, x1 is 6 cm. This setting (the reserved space) is to make room for the anchor rod 4 when the drive nut 3 is pre-tightened.

[0035] When the anchor rod 4 is not fixed, the limiter 2 limits the driving nut 3 from moving axially along the anchor rod 4, and the joint body 1 drives the anchor rod 4 to rotate synchronously through the driving nut 3; when the anchor rod 4 is fixed, the driving nut 3 breaks through the limiter 2, and the joint body 1 drives the driving nut 3 to move axially along the anchor rod 4 and applies prestress to the anchor rod 4 through the pad 6.

[0036] The joint body 1 is provided with a mounting cavity 5 , the cross section of which is a non-circular structure. The drive nut 3 is disposed in the mounting cavity 5 and adapted to the mounting cavity 5 .

[0037] like Figure 4 As shown, a ball head washer 7 is provided on the outside of the driving nut 3 , and the ball head washer 7 is sealed at the end of the mounting cavity 5 .

[0038] like Figure 2 and Figure 4 As shown, the limiting member 2 includes a fixing portion 8 and a limiting portion 9, the fixing portion 8 is fixed to the outside of the anchor rod 4, and the limiting portion 9 is arranged close to the driving nut 3. When the anchor rod 4 is not fixed, the resistance between the limiting portion 9 and the driving nut 3 is greater than the resistance between the anchor rod 4 and the anchor head 10; when the anchor rod 4 is fixed, the resistance between the limiting portion 9 and the driving nut 3 is less than the resistance between the anchor rod 4 and the anchor head 10.

[0039] The limiting portion 9 and the fixing portion 8 are both made of a soft material, such as a polyolefin material. Specifically, they may be, but are not limited to, heat shrink tubing. During processing, the heat shrink tubing can be engraved with nameplate information, and the fixing portion 8 and the limiting portion 9 are easily processed. Specifically, for example, the limiting portion 9 is shaped using a hot air blower, with the heat shrink tubing being completely attached to the anchor rod 4 to form the limiting portion 9, while the fixing portion 8 can be left untreated.

[0040] Working Principle: When installing an anchor rod 4 (the expansion shell anchor rod 4 is a well-known technology in the art, and its specific structure and principle are not described here in detail), the anchor hole is first drilled using a drill rig. Simultaneously, the anchor rod 4 is assembled. Assembly of the anchor rod 4 proceeds as follows: A ball washer 7 is placed over the outside of the anchor rod 4. Next, a drive nut 3 is placed onto the anchor rod 4, with the drive nut 3 positioned a certain distance from the end of the anchor rod 4 and in contact with the stopper 9. The ball washer 7 is positioned between the backing plate 6 and the drive nut 3.

[0041] After the anchor hole is drilled, the drill track is switched so that the track with the joint body 1 is aligned with the anchor hole. The anchor rod 4 is now connected to the joint body 1. Specifically, during the alignment process, the tail end of the anchor rod 4 enters the joint body 1 first. This positioning of the anchor rod 4 within the joint body 1 serves as a positioning mechanism. As the joint body 1 simultaneously advances and rotates, the joint body 1 automatically engages the drive nut 3 (i.e., when the drive nut 3 aligns with the mounting cavity 5, the drive nut 3 enters the mounting cavity 5).

[0042] Drive nut 3 into mounting cavity 5 and assemble with joint body 1. Then, use a drill to drive anchor rod 4 into the anchor hole. Once anchor rod 4 is in the hole, a gap (5-20 cm) is reserved between the end of anchor head 10 and the bottom of the hole to allow for expansion of anchor head 10. The backing plate 6 of anchor rod 4 is in close contact with the rock surface.

[0043] After the anchor rod 4 is in place, the drill rig drives the joint body 1 to rotate. As the joint body 1 rotates, the mounting cavity 5 restrains the drive nut 3, causing the joint body 1 to rotate synchronously with it. As the drive nut 3 rotates, the stopper 9 constrains the drive nut 3 axially, preventing it from moving axially. Therefore, the anchor rod 4 rotates synchronously with the drive nut 3. This restraint by the stopper 9 is due to the fact that the resistance exerted by the drive unit on the drive nut 3 is greater than the resistance between the anchor rod 4 and the anchor head 10. Consequently, the drive nut 3 and the anchor rod 4 rotate synchronously, with the anchor rod 4 rotating relative to the anchor head 10.

[0044] The anchor head 10 in the anchor hole is limited by its own weight and friction and does not rotate synchronously with the anchor rod 4. When the anchor rod 4 rotates, the anchor head 10 moves linearly toward the joint body 1. In this process, the anchor rod 4 pushes the expansion shell to expand the anchor head 10, and the anchor rod 4 completes the expansion shell support.

[0045] After the anchor head 10 expands, the action of the expansion shell and the wall of the anchor hole causes the anchor rod 4 to be unable to continue to rotate. At this time, the joint body 1 continues to rotate, and the drive nut 3 tends to move axially along the anchor rod 4. At this time, the resistance between the limiting portion 9 and the drive nut 3 is less than the resistance between the anchor rod 4 and the anchor head 10. As the drive nut 3 rotates, when the limiting portion 9 is destroyed or turned over and sleeved outside the fixing portion 8, the limiting portion 9 no longer restricts the axial movement of the drive nut 3 along the anchor rod 4.

[0046] At this point, because the anchor rod 4 is limited by the expansion shell, the drive nut 3 continues to rotate, and the drive nut 3 moves toward the backing plate 6 due to the action of the thread. When the drive nut 3 presses against the backing plate 6, the continued rotation of the drive nut 3 is the process of applying prestressing force. The prestressing force is determined according to the construction requirements (for example, 60kN). After the prestressing is completed, the working part of the drilling rig retreats linearly. Since the joint body 1 is only connected to the drive nut 3 by a clamping force, the joint body 1 can easily disengage from the drive nut 3 when the working part of the drilling rig retreats linearly, and the anchor rod 4 is now installed.

[0047] In the above process, the anchor rod 4 can also be a hollow anchor rod 4. The right end of the joint body 1 is provided with a grouting hole connected to a drilling rig integrated with drilling and grouting (the drilling rig integrated with drilling and grouting is a well-known technology in this field). When the joint body 1 is connected to the drilling rig and the anchor rod 4 is installed in place, grouting can be carried out into the anchor hole through the grouting hole to improve the anchoring effect of the anchor rod 4.

[0048] The advantage of using the ball head washer 7 is that even if the pad 6 is tilted, as long as the pad 6 presses the ball head washer 7 tightly against the end of the joint body 1, the joint body 1 and the anchor rod 4 can be sealed to avoid leakage during grouting.

[0049] The present invention ensures that the expansion shell anchor rod 4 can be installed mechanically in one step through the cooperation between the joint body 1 and the drive nut 3. The expansion shell anchoring of the anchor rod 4 and the application of prestress to the nut can be achieved only by rotating the drilling rig. The installation process of the anchor rod 4 is simple, and the entire installation process can be completed in less than 30 seconds. The installation is fast and the work efficiency is extremely high. There is no complicated connection structure between the drilling rig and the anchor rod 4. When the working part of the drilling rig is retracted, the anchor rod 4 can be separated from the drilling rig by only the working part of the drilling rig being retracted in a straight line without manual intervention. When the pre-tightening force is applied, the drive nut 3 moves in the installation cavity 5, and the joint body 1 does not move in a straight line. Therefore, the drive nut 3 will not be separated from the joint body 1.

[0050] Moreover, since a part of the length of the tail of the anchor rod 4 is reserved, when the self-locking nut is assembled with the joint body 1, the tail of the anchor rod 4 first enters the joint body 1 to form a positioning, thereby preventing the anchor rod 4 from falling out of the anchor hole when the self-locking nut is aligned with the joint body 1; and it can ensure that the self-locking nut and the joint body 1 can be automatically aligned by the drilling rig without manual intervention.

[0051] Compared with the metal gasket type limiting structure, the limiting structure of the present application can be completed by relying on the identification sleeve provided by the anchor rod 4, without involving additional components, thus greatly reducing the production cost.

[0052] Example 2:

[0053] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, an anchor rod including the one-step anchor rod machine-assembled joint in Example 1, wherein the drive nut 3 is threadedly connected to the outside of the anchor rod 4.

[0054] Furthermore, the anchor rod 4 is a prestressed anchor rod.

[0055] Example 3:

[0056] like Figure 1-Figure 4 As shown, a method for installing an anchor rod according to Example 2, wherein the anchor rod 4 is a prestressed expansion shell anchor rod 4, comprises the following steps:

[0057] S11. Drilling and assembling the anchor rod 4: Drill an anchor hole with a drilling rig, connect the drilling rig to the joint body 1, insert the anchor rod 4 into the anchor hole, leave a gap X1 between the anchor head 10 end of the anchor rod 4 and the bottom of the anchor hole, and keep the pad 6 of the anchor rod 4 close to the rock surface; screw the drive nut 3 onto the anchor rod 4, exposing the portion from the tail end of the anchor rod 4 to the drive nut 3, and make the portion from the tail end of the anchor rod 4 to the drive nut 3 extend into the joint body 1. When the joint body 1 rotates, it automatically cooperates with the drive nut 3. A ball head washer 7 is provided on the outside of the anchor rod 4, and the ball head washer 7 is pressed tightly between the pad 6 and the joint body 1;

[0058] S12, anchor head 10 expands: The rotation of the drilling rig drives the joint body 1 to rotate, which drives the drive nut 3 to rotate. The limiter 2 limits the axial displacement of the anchor rod 4, so that the anchor rod 4 rotates synchronously with the drive nut 3. The rotation of the anchor rod 4 drives the expansion shell of the anchor head 10 to expand.

[0059] S13, applying prestress: the expansion shell expands to limit the rotation of the anchor rod 4, the joint body 1 continues to rotate, the drive nut 3 breaks through the limit of the stopper 2 and moves toward the gasket. The drive nut 3 moves to press against the ball head washer 7, applying prestress;

[0060] S14. The working part of the drilling rig is linearly withdrawn, and the anchoring is completed: After the prestressing is completed, the working part of the drilling rig is linearly withdrawn until the joint body 1 is disengaged from the drive nut 3, and the anchoring is completed.

[0061] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the form disclosed herein and should not be construed as excluding other embodiments. Rather, the present invention can be used in various other combinations, modifications, and environments and can be modified within the scope of the concept described herein through the above teachings or techniques or knowledge in the relevant field. Modifications and variations made by those skilled in the art that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are intended to be protected by the appended claims.

Claims

1. One-step anchor bolt machine joint, characterized by: It includes a joint body, a limiter and a drive nut, wherein the joint body is in driving connection with the drive nut, and the drive nut is threadedly connected to the outside of the anchor rod; The driving nut is arranged at a distance X1 from the tail end of the anchor rod, and the portion from the tail end of the anchor rod to the driving nut first enters the joint body during alignment to position the joint body and the driving nut; When the anchor rod is not fixed, the limiter restricts the driving nut from moving axially along the anchor rod, and the joint body drives the anchor rod to rotate synchronously through the driving nut; when the anchor rod is fixed, the driving nut breaks through the restriction of the limiter, and the joint body drives the driving nut to move axially along the anchor rod and applies prestress to the anchor rod through the pad; The joint body is provided with a mounting cavity, the cross section of which is a non-circular structure, and the drive nut is arranged in the mounting cavity and adapted to the mounting cavity; A ball head washer is provided on the outside of the drive nut, and the ball head washer is sealed at the end of the installation cavity; The limiting member includes a fixing portion and a limiting portion, the fixing portion is fixed to the outside of the anchor rod, and the limiting portion is arranged close to the driving nut. When the anchor rod is not fixed, the resistance between the limiting portion and the driving nut is greater than the resistance between the anchor rod and the anchor head; when the anchor rod is fixed, the resistance between the limiting portion and the driving nut is less than the resistance between the anchor rod and the anchor head.

2. The one-step anchor bolt machine assembly joint according to claim 1, characterized in that: The limiting part and the fixing part are both made of soft materials.

3. An anchor comprising the one-step anchor bolt machine-assembled joint according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The drive nut is threadedly connected to the outside of the anchor rod.

4. The anchor rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anchor rod is a prestressed anchor rod.

5. A method for installing an anchor rod according to claim 3, characterized in that: The anchor rod is a prestressed expansion shell type anchor rod, comprising the following steps: S11. Drilling and anchor bolt assembly: Drill the anchor hole with a drilling rig, connect the drilling rig to the joint body, insert the anchor bolt into the anchor hole, leave a gap of X1 between the anchor head end of the anchor bolt and the bottom of the anchor hole, and keep the anchor bolt's pad close to the rock surface; screw the drive nut onto the anchor bolt, exposing the anchor bolt's tail end to the drive nut, and allow the anchor bolt's tail end to the drive nut to extend into the joint body. When the joint body rotates, it automatically engages with the drive nut. A ball head washer is set on the outside of the anchor bolt, and the ball head washer is pressed tightly between the pad and the joint body; S12, anchor head expansion: The rotation of the drilling rig drives the joint body to rotate, and the rotation of the joint body drives the drive nut to rotate. The limiter restricts the axial displacement of the anchor rod, so that the anchor rod rotates synchronously with the drive nut. The rotation of the anchor rod drives the expansion shell of the anchor head to expand; S13, prestressing: the expansion shell expands to limit the rotation of the anchor rod, the joint body continues to rotate, and the drive nut breaks through the limit of the limiter and moves toward the washer. The drive nut moves to press against the ball head washer to apply prestressing; S14. The working part of the drilling rig is withdrawn in a straight line and the anchoring is completed: After the prestressing is completed, the working part of the drilling rig is withdrawn in a straight line until the joint body is separated from the driving nut, and the anchoring is completed.

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