A simulation device for non-destructive and rapid de-icing of fan blades

Abstract

The present invention relates to a simulation device for non-destructive and rapid de-icing of a fan blade, which includes a self-controllable charge-discharge circuit, a trigger discharge circuit, and a jet array integration device composed of a plurality of shock wave jet cavities arranged in a dense array. A single shock wave jet cavity in the jet array integration device is clamped by an adaptive screwing clamping device, and a reverse clamping arm device for moving along the fan blade is arranged around the jet array integration device; the shock wave jet cavity is a two-stage surface-connected structure, composed of a primary cavity and a secondary cavity. The primary cavity is composed of a needle electrode, polytetrafluoroethylene, and an intermediate electrode, and the secondary cavity is composed of the intermediate electrode, polytetrafluoroethylene, and a ground electrode. The present invention adopts a de-icing method based on plasma jet to break the ice layer at a specified position. The shock wave jet cavity can repeat and continuously jet de-icing in a short time, and the rapid de-icing based on the heat transfer of the plasma and the action of the shock wave avoids damage to the fan blade.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of pulsed power plasma applications, and in particular to a simulation device for non-destructive and rapid de-icing of fan blades. Background Art

[0002] A wind turbine is an important power generation device that converts wind energy into mechanical energy and then into electrical energy, and has been increasingly widely used today when energy is becoming increasingly depleted. However, in winter every year, when the fan operates under low temperature conditions and encounters weather such as rain, snow, etc., ice will form on the surface of its blades, especially the icing situation from the middle to the tip of the blade is more serious. The attached ice layer increases the blade load, affects its aerodynamic characteristics, resulting in a decrease in its power generation efficiency and even shutdown. Therefore, it is urgent to de-ice the fan blades.

[0003] Existing de-icing technologies mainly include coating method, electric heating method, mechanical de-icing method, etc. Among them, the coating method is simple to operate, but generally has poor weather resistance, the effect weakens after icing, and it cannot self-recover; the electric heating method has good de-icing effect, but high energy consumption and too high operating cost; traditional mechanical de-icing requires manual knocking on the blade to de-ice, with poor de-icing effect and easy to cause blade damage. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a de-icing method that can avoid damaging the fan blades and ensure the normal operation of the fan. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the problems of damage to fan blades and poor de-icing effect caused by traditional de-icing methods, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a simulation device for non-destructive and rapid de-icing of fan blades that can avoid damaging the fan blades and has excellent de-icing effect.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A simulation device for non-destructive and rapid de-icing of fan blades, including a self-controllable charge and discharge circuit for controlling the automatic charge and discharge of a capacitor, a trigger discharge circuit for releasing energy to ablate polytetrafluoroethylene, a jet array integration device composed of a plurality of shock wave jet cavities arranged in a dense array form, a single shock wave jet cavity in the jet array integration device is clamped by an adaptive screwing clamping device, and a reverse clamping arm device for moving along the fan blade is arranged around the jet array integration device; the shock wave jet cavity is a two-stage surface-connected structure, composed of a primary cavity and a secondary cavity, the primary cavity is composed of a needle electrode, polytetrafluoroethylene and an intermediate electrode, and the secondary cavity is composed of the intermediate electrode, polytetrafluoroethylene and a ground electrode.

[0006] The self-controllable charging and discharging circuit includes a self-controllable charging and discharging circuit of an energy storage capacitor C1 and a self-controllable charging and discharging circuit of a pulse capacitor C2; wherein the self-controllable charging and discharging circuit of the energy storage capacitor C1 is composed of an energy storage capacitor C1, a first power-on delay relay KT1, a first power-off delay relay KT2 and a first intermediate relay KM1, a normally open contact of the first power-off delay relay KT2 is connected to the coil of the first power-on delay relay coil KT1 to form a control circuit, another normally open contact of the first power-off delay relay KT2 is connected to the normally open contact K1 of the first intermediate relay KM1 and the anode of the energy storage capacitor C1 in sequence to form a capacitor charging circuit, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is grounded; the normally closed contact of the first power-on delay relay KT1 is connected to the coil of the first intermediate relay KM1 and the coil of the first power-off delay relay KT2 in sequence to form a control circuit;

[0007] The self-controllable charging and discharging circuit of the pulse capacitor C2 is composed of a pulse capacitor C2, a second power-on delay relay KT3, a second power-off delay relay KT4, and a second intermediate relay KM2. A normally open contact of the second power-off delay relay KT4 is connected to the coil of the second power-on delay relay coil KT3 to form a control circuit. Another normally open contact of the second power-off delay relay KT4 is connected to the normally open contact K2 of the second intermediate relay KM2 and the anode of the pulse capacitor C2 in sequence to form a capacitor charging circuit. The other end of the pulse capacitor C1 is grounded; the normally closed contact of the second power-on delay relay KT3 is connected to the coil of the second intermediate relay KM2 and the coil of the second power-off delay relay KT4 in sequence to form a control circuit.

[0008] The self-controllable charging and discharging circuit of the energy storage capacitor C1 and the self-controllable charging and discharging circuit of the pulse capacitor C2 are connected to the power-on button SB1 and the emergency stop button SB2, so as to ensure the safety of the charging and discharging process of the control circuit; the control circuit gives an action signal to control the discharge of the energy storage capacitor C1 and the pulse capacitor C2 in turn, and the large amount of energy stored in the energy storage capacitor C1 and the pulse capacitor C2 causes the polytetrafluoroethylene in the shock wave jet cavity to dissociate to form plasma, and after the plasma accumulates in a large amount in the injection cavity, it is ejected at a high pressure and high speed at the injection hole.

[0009] The trigger discharge circuit is composed of a pulse circuit and a discharge circuit. The pulse circuit is composed of a pulse capacitor C2, a pulse transformer T, a second thyristor SCR2, a diode D and a protection resistor R2. One end of the pulse capacitor C2 is connected to the a end of the primary coil T1 of the pulse transformer T, the other end of the pulse capacitor C2 is grounded, the cathode of the diode D is connected to the b end of the primary coil T1 of the pulse transformer T, the anode of the diode D is grounded, the anode of the second thyristor SCR2 is connected to the b end of the primary coil T1 of the pulse transformer T, the cathode of the second thyristor SCR2 is connected to the anode of the diode D and then grounded, one end of the protection resistor R2 is connected to the b end of the secondary coil T2 of the pulse transformer T, the other end of the protection resistor R2 is grounded, and the a end of the secondary coil T2 of the pulse transformer T is connected to the needle electrode of the shock wave jet cavity; the discharge circuit is composed of the energy storage capacitor C1, the first thyristor SCR 1. The discharge resistor R1 is composed of one end of the energy storage capacitor C1 connected to the anode of the first thyristor SCR1, the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is grounded, the cathode of the first thyristor SCR1 is respectively connected to the middle electrode of the shock wave jet cavity and one end of the discharge resistor R1, and the other end of the discharge resistor R1 is connected to the ground electrode of the shock wave jet cavity; the first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR2 receive a trigger signal, and after the second thyristor SCR2 receives the trigger signal, it controls the pulse capacitor C2 to discharge, and generates a high-voltage pulse through the pulse transformer T, which is applied to the needle electrode of the shock wave jet cavity and discharged into the primary cavity of the shock wave jet cavity to form a pre-ionization channel; after the first thyristor SCR1 receives the trigger signal, it controls the energy storage capacitor C1 to discharge, quickly ablates the gas-producing material to generate plasma, and after a large amount of plasma accumulates in the injection cavity, it is ejected at a high pressure and high speed at the injection hole.

[0010] The surface height of the primary cavity between the needle electrode and the middle electrode is 3 mm, and the inner diameter is 2 mm. The surface height of the secondary cavity between the middle electrode and the ground electrode is 6 mm, and the inner diameter is 2 mm. The needle electrode, the middle electrode, the primary cavity, the ground electrode, and the secondary cavity are tightly pressed in a cylindrical sleeve shape to form a shock wave jet cavity. The needle electrode, the middle electrode, and the ground electrode are all made of brass, and the center of the middle electrode and the ground electrode is a nozzle with a diameter of 2 mm.

[0011] The adaptive twisting clamping device consists of a base, an adaptive twisting arm and a cavity clamp. The adaptive twisting arms are integrated on the base at an interval of 120°. The adaptive twisting arms include a first large arm, a first rotating axis, a first rotating arm, a second rotating axis and a second rotating arm. One end of the first large arm is fixed on the base, and the other end of the first large arm is hinged to one end of the first rotating arm obliquely upward through the first rotating axis, and the other end of the first rotating arm is hinged to one end of the second rotating arm upward through the second rotating axis. The other end of the second rotating arm is fixed with a cavity clamp for clamping a single shock wave jet cavity, and the base is fixed at the bottom of the injection array integrated device.

[0012] The reverse clamping arm device is composed of four reverse clamping arms symmetrically distributed on both sides of the jet array integration device. The jet array integration device is in the shape of a box. The reverse clamping arm is composed of a second large arm, a telescopic arm, a third rotating shaft, a third rotating arm, a fourth rotating shaft, a fourth rotating arm, rollers and a roller shaft. One end of the second large arm is welded to the box body of the jet array integration device. The other end of the second large arm is provided upward with a telescopic arm that can be telescoped up and down. The other end of the telescopic arm is hinged upward to one end of the third rotating arm through the third rotating shaft. The other end of the third rotating arm is hinged to one end of the fourth rotating arm through the fourth rotating shaft. The other end of the fourth rotating arm is provided with a roller shaft, and rollers are installed at both ends of the roller shaft.

[0013] As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: First, the self-controllable charge and discharge circuit composed of the time relay, intermediate relay and other timing coordination in the present invention can realize the automatic injection control of the shock wave jet cavity and the control of the single-action time interval; Second, based on the technology of generating plasma by discharge ablation in the pulsed power field, the present invention utilizes the plasma generated by discharge ablation to accumulate in the micro-cavity to form a high-temperature and high-speed jet of plasma, which continuously acts on the blade de-icing for a time within sub-ms, avoiding damage to the blade, and the single-action time interval is within 20 s; Third, the jet array integration device of the present invention can perform single or multiple, circular or square centralized injections according to the control requirements, and has excellent de-icing effect. Description of the Drawings

[0014] Figure 1 is the circuit diagram of the self-controllable charge and discharge circuit in the present invention;

[0015] Figure 2 is the circuit diagram of the trigger discharge circuit in the present invention;

[0016] Figure 3 is the shock wave jet cavity and its cross-sectional view in the present invention;

[0017] Figure 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the adaptive screwing clamping device in the present invention;

[0018] Figure 5 is the structural schematic diagram of the reverse clamping arm device in the present invention;

[0019] Figure 6 is the structural schematic diagram of the jet array integration device and the reverse clamping arm device in the present invention;

[0020] Figure 7 is the installation simulation schematic diagram of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0021] Such as Figure 1 、 2As shown in FIGS. 3, 6, and 7, a simulation device for non-destructive and rapid de-icing of a fan blade includes a self-controllable charge and discharge circuit for controlling the automatic charge and discharge of a capacitor, a trigger discharge circuit for releasing energy to ablate polytetrafluoroethylene 8, and a jet array integration device 28 composed of a plurality of shock wave jet chambers 10 arranged in a dense array. A single shock wave jet chamber 10 in the jet array integration device 28 is clamped by an adaptive screwing clamping device 18, and a reverse clamping arm device 27 for moving along the fan blade is provided around the jet array integration device 28; the shock wave jet chamber 10 is a two-stage surface-connected structure, composed of a primary chamber 7 and a secondary chamber 5. The primary chamber 7 is composed of a needle electrode 9, polytetrafluoroethylene 8, and an intermediate electrode 6, and the secondary chamber 5 is composed of the intermediate electrode 6, polytetrafluoroethylene 8, and a ground electrode 4.

[0022] As Figure 1 shown, the self-controllable charge and discharge circuit includes a self-controllable charge and discharge circuit of an energy storage capacitor C1 and a self-controllable charge and discharge circuit of a pulse capacitor C2; wherein, the self-controllable charge and discharge circuit of the energy storage capacitor C1 is composed of the energy storage capacitor C1, a first power-on delay relay KT1, a first power-off delay relay KT2, and a first intermediate relay KM1. A normally open contact of the first power-off delay relay KT2 is connected to the coil of the first power-on delay relay coil KT1 to form a control circuit. Another normally open contact of the first power-off delay relay KT2 is sequentially connected to the normally open contact K1 of the first intermediate relay KM1 and the anode of the energy storage capacitor C1 to form a capacitor charging circuit, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is grounded; the normally closed contact of the first power-on delay relay KT1 is sequentially connected to the coil of the first intermediate relay KM1 and the coil of the first power-off delay relay KT2 to form a control circuit;

[0023] The self-controllable charge and discharge circuit of the pulse capacitor C2 is composed of the pulse capacitor C2, a second power-on delay relay KT3, a second power-off delay relay KT4, and a second intermediate relay KM2. A normally open contact of the second power-off delay relay KT4 is connected to the coil of the second power-on delay relay coil KT3 to form a control circuit. Another normally open contact of the second power-off delay relay KT4 is sequentially connected to the normally open contact K2 of the second intermediate relay KM2 and the anode of the pulse capacitor C2 to form a capacitor charging circuit, and the other end of the pulse capacitor C1 is grounded; the normally closed contact of the second power-on delay relay KT3 is sequentially connected to the coil of the second intermediate relay KM2 and the coil of the second power-off delay relay KT4 to form a control circuit;

[0024] The self - controllable charge - discharge circuit of the energy - storage capacitor C1 and the self - controllable charge - discharge circuit of the pulse capacitor C2 are connected to the power - on button SB1 and the emergency stop button SB2 to ensure the safety of the charge - discharge process of the control circuit. The control circuit gives an action signal to control the discharge of the energy - storage capacitor C1 and the pulse capacitor C2 in sequence. The large amount of energy stored in the energy - storage capacitor C1 and the pulse capacitor C2 causes the polytetrafluoroethylene 8 in the shock - wave jet cavity 10 to dissociate to form a plasma. After a large amount of plasma accumulates in the jet cavity, it sprays out at high air pressure and high speed at the jet holes.

[0025] As Figure 2 shown, the trigger discharge circuit consists of a pulse circuit 1 and a discharge circuit 2. The pulse circuit 1 consists of a pulse capacitor C2, a pulse transformer T, a second thyristor SCR2, a diode D, and a protection resistor R2. One end of the pulse capacitor C2 is connected to the a - end of the primary coil T1 of the pulse transformer T, the other end of the pulse capacitor C2 is grounded, the cathode of the diode D is connected to the b - end of the primary coil T1 of the pulse transformer T, the anode of the diode D is grounded, the anode of the second thyristor SCR2 is connected to the b - end of the primary coil T1 of the pulse transformer T, the cathode of the second thyristor SCR2 is connected to the anode of the diode D and then grounded, one end of the protection resistor R2 is connected to the b - end of the secondary coil T2 of the pulse transformer T, the other end of the protection resistor R2 is grounded, and the a - end of the secondary coil T2 of the pulse transformer T is connected to the needle electrode 9 of the shock - wave jet cavity 10. The discharge circuit 2 consists of an energy - storage capacitor C1, a first thyristor SCR1, and a discharge resistor R1. One end of the energy - storage capacitor C1 is connected to the anode of the first thyristor SCR1, the other end of the energy - storage capacitor C1 is grounded, the cathode of the first thyristor SCR1 is respectively connected to the middle electrode 6 of the shock - wave jet cavity 10 and one end of the discharge resistor R1, and the other end of the discharge resistor R1 is connected to the ground electrode 4 of the shock - wave jet cavity 10. The first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR2 receive trigger signals. After the second thyristor SCR2 receives the trigger signal, it controls the discharge of the pulse capacitor C2, generates a high - voltage pulse through the pulse transformer T, applies it to the needle electrode 9 of the shock - wave jet cavity 10, and discharges into the first - stage cavity 7 of the shock - wave jet cavity 10 to form a pre - ionization channel. After the first thyristor SCR1 receives the trigger signal, it controls the discharge of the energy - storage capacitor C1, quickly ablates the gas - generating material to generate a plasma. After a large amount of plasma accumulates in the jet cavity, it sprays out at high air pressure and high speed at the jet holes.

[0026] As Figure 3As shown, the creepage height of the first-stage cavity 7 between the needle electrode 9 and the intermediate electrode 6 is 3 mm, the inner diameter is 2 mm, the creepage height of the second-stage cavity 5 between the intermediate electrode 6 and the ground electrode 4 is 6 mm, and the inner diameter is 2 mm. The needle electrode 9, the intermediate electrode 6, the first-stage cavity 7, the ground electrode 4, and the second-stage cavity 5 are tightly pressed in a cylindrical sleeve shape to form the shock wave jet cavity 10. The needle electrode 9, the intermediate electrode 6, and the ground electrode 4 are all made of brass. The nozzle 3 with a diameter of 2 mm is located at the center of the intermediate electrode 6 and the ground electrode 4.

[0027] As Figure 4 shown, the adaptive screwing clamping device 18 is composed of a base 11, adaptive screwing arms, and a cavity clamp 17. The adaptive screwing arms are integrally distributed on the base 11 at equal intervals of 120°. The adaptive screwing arm includes a first large arm 12, a first rotating shaft 13, a first rotating arm 14, a second rotating shaft 15, and a second rotating arm 16. One end of the first large arm 12 is fixedly arranged on the base 11, and the other end of the first large arm 12 is obliquely upward and hinged to one end of the first rotating arm 14 through the first rotating shaft 13. The other end of the first rotating arm 14 is upward and hinged to one end of the second rotating arm 16 through the second rotating shaft 15. The other end of the second rotating arm 16 is fixedly provided with a cavity clamp 17 for clamping a single shock wave jet cavity 10. The base 11 is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the injection array integration device 28. The adaptive screwing arms are integrally distributed on the base 11 at equal intervals of 120°. A single adaptive screwing arm has three rotating shafts to realize the free expansion and contraction of the first rotating arm 14, the second rotating arm 16, and the cavity clamp 17, and the distance in the direction of each degree of freedom can be independently adjusted.

[0028] As Figure 5 shown, the reverse clamping arm device 27 is composed of four reverse clamping arms symmetrically distributed on both sides of the injection array integration device 28. The injection array integration device 28 is in a box shape. The reverse clamping arm is composed of a second large arm 19, a telescopic arm 20, a third rotating shaft 21, a third rotating arm 22, a fourth rotating shaft 23, a fourth rotating arm 24, a roller 26, and a roller shaft 25. One end of the second large arm 19 is welded to the box body of the injection array integration device 28, and the other end of the second large arm 19 is upward provided with a telescopic arm 20 that can be telescoped up and down. The other end of the telescopic arm 20 is upward and hinged to one end of the third rotating arm 22 through the third rotating shaft 21. The other end of the third rotating arm 22 is hinged to one end of the fourth rotating arm 24 through the fourth rotating shaft 23. The other end of the fourth rotating arm 24 is provided with a roller shaft 25, and rollers 26 are installed at both ends of the roller shaft 25. The telescopic arm 20 can be telescoped up and down, supplemented by rotating arms and rotating shafts to adjust and adapt to different blade sizes. The front end is provided with a roller shaft 25, and rollers 26 are installed at both ends to roll along the blade to move the device.

[0029] Single shock wave jet cavities 10 are distributed within a space of 5*5*15 cm; multiple shock wave jet cavities 10 are arranged in sequence to form a dense array on a single surface; a single shock wave jet cavity 10 within the device is clamped by an adaptive screwing arm and can independently adjust the distance between the nozzle 3 and the ice surface under the action of a stepping motor, with six degrees of freedom adjustable in the up and down, left and right, front and back directions, that is, it can adaptively adjust the direction of the nozzle 3 so that the plasma jets converge and act together on the same point, or it can independently adjust the distance between the nozzle 3 and the impact surface; the injection array integration device 28 can be controlled for single or multiple, synchronous or asynchronous, centralized or decentralized injection according to control requirements; the reverse clamping arm device 27 can expand and contract in the up and down and left and right directions to adapt to different sizes of blades, and the rollers 26 can move along the blades while reducing wear on the blades.

[0030] The following combines Figures 1 to 7 to further illustrate the present invention.

[0031] Taking the charging and discharging process of the energy storage capacitor C1 as an example, at the beginning, the power-on button SB1 is pressed: the coils of the first intermediate relay KM1 and the first power-off delay relay KT2 are energized, the normally open contact K1 of the first intermediate relay KM1 closes, and the two normally open contacts of the first power-off delay relay KT2 close. At this time, the energy storage capacitor C1 starts to charge. After the coil of the first power-on delay relay KT1 is energized and after a preset time delay t c1 later, the normally closed contact of the first power-on delay relay KT1 opens and the normally open contact closes. At this time, the energy storage capacitor C1 is charged to the preset voltage. The coils of the first intermediate relay KM1 and the first power-off delay relay KT2 lose power, the normally open contact K1 of the first intermediate relay KM1 resets, the charging circuit of the energy storage capacitor C1 is disconnected, and after a preset delay T (composed of the time required for C1 and C2 to be charged to the preset voltage and the interval between two adjacent actions, set to 20 s in the device), the control circuit gives an action instruction to control the discharge of C2 and C1 in sequence.

[0032] First, the control circuit gives an action signal, the thyristor SCR2 is turned on, the pulse capacitor C2 is discharged, and a high-voltage pulse is applied to the needle electrode 9 through the a end of the secondary coil T2 of the pulse transformer T, causing the polytetrafluoroethylene 8 insulating material between the needle electrode 9 and the middle electrode 6 to flash over along the surface to form a pre-ionization channel. At this time, the energy storage capacitor C1 is discharged through the pre-ionization channel of the primary cavity 7, the needle electrode 9, the secondary coil T2 of the pulse transformer T, and the resistor R2. Because the iron core has not yet been saturated after the pulse transformer outputs a high-voltage pulse, it is equivalent to a large inductor. At this time, the excitation inductance value is large, the capacitor energy is released slowly, and the current coupled from the primary side of the pulse transformer to the secondary side is very small. At this time, the amount of plasma generated by the surface pulse discharge is small, which is not enough to move upward across the middle electrode into the secondary cavity, causing the electric field distortion in the secondary cavity. With the action of the external voltage applied at both ends of the pulse transformer, the pulse transformer volt-second product increases, causing the iron core to gradually saturate, and the excitation inductance value decreases. Part of the energy of the energy storage capacitor C1 can be released quickly, but due to the constraints of the inductance and the discharge resistor R2, the discharge current is still very small. In this stage, a small amount of plasma is generated by ablation. Under the action of the electric field force and aerodynamic force in the cavity, the intermediate electrode 6 and the ground electrode 4 are short-circuited along the trigger channel, forming a discharge channel that runs through the trigger cavity. At this time, the energy storage capacitor C1 forms a main discharge channel through the intermediate electrode 6, the plasma in the secondary cavity 5 and the ground electrode 4, and the current peak is as high as kA level. With the injection of trigger energy, the discharge channel expands rapidly, generating a very high shock wave pressure in the closed micro discharge cavity; at the same time, the arc along the surface violently ablates the insulating gas-producing material of the secondary cavity 5, and a large amount of plasma can be quickly formed within a hundred μs, causing the gas pressure in the trigger cavity to rise sharply, and a high-temperature, high-pressure, high-speed plasma jet can be quickly formed at the nozzle 3. The instantaneous temperature of the plasma can reach 800-1000K, and the impact force at the nozzle 3 can reach MN level. Multiple shock wave jet cavities 10 are integrated and arranged in an array to form a device, and an action signal is given synchronously. Multiple plasma jets are ejected simultaneously in a short time and act on the blade ice layer together. A single shock wave jet chamber 10 in the device can also independently adjust the distance between the nozzle 3 and the ice surface to perform concentrated or divergent spraying. For example, when the ice layer at a single point is thick, the angles of multiple shock wave jet chambers 10 around it can be adjusted to converge multiple plasma jets to one point for concentrated crushing. At the same time, the spray array can be controlled to perform a circle of annular spraying from the inside to the outside and a square spraying in a certain area. The reverse arm device 27 around the spray array integrated device 28 can be freely extended and retracted up and down and left and right to adapt to different positions of the blades, and the roller 26 on the reverse arm device 27 can be controlled to move the spray array integrated device 28.

[0033] In summary, the present invention adopts an ice removal method based on plasma jet. By utilizing the characteristics of the plasma rapidly generated by the ablation capillary within hundreds of microseconds, which has high temperature and high-speed jet, the ice layer at the specified position is broken. The shock wave jet cavity 10 can repeatedly and continuously jet ice removal within a short time. At the same time, the continuous action time of the jet plasma is within sub-milliseconds, and the rapid ice removal based on the heat transfer of the plasma and the action of the shock wave avoids damage to the fan blades. The present invention can provide a new solution to the ice removal problem of fan blades.

Claims

1. A simulation device for non-destructive and rapid de-icing of a fan blade, characterized in that: It includes a self - controllable charge - discharge circuit for controlling the automatic charge and discharge of capacitors, a trigger discharge circuit for releasing energy to ablate polytetrafluoroethylene (8), and a jet array integration device (28) composed of a plurality of shock wave jet cavities (10) arranged in a dense array. A single shock wave jet cavity (10) in the jet array integration device (28) is clamped by an adaptive screwing clamping device (18), and a reverse - buckling arm device (27) for moving along the fan blade is provided around the jet array integration device (28); the shock wave jet cavity (10) is a two - stage surface - continuous structure, composed of a first - stage cavity (7) and a second - stage cavity (5). The first - stage cavity (7) is composed of a needle electrode (9), polytetrafluoroethylene (8), and an intermediate electrode (6), and the second - stage cavity (5) is composed of the intermediate electrode (6), polytetrafluoroethylene (8), and a ground electrode (4). The adaptive screwing clamping device (18) is composed of a base (11), adaptive screwing arms, and a cavity clamp (17). The adaptive screwing arms are integrally distributed on the base (11) at an equal interval of 120°. The adaptive screwing arm includes a first large arm (12), a first rotating shaft (13), a first rotating arm (14), a second rotating shaft (15), and a second rotating arm (16). One end of the first large arm (12) is fixedly arranged on the base (11), and the other end of the first large arm (12) is obliquely upward and hinged to one end of the first rotating arm (14) through the first rotating shaft (13). The other end of the first rotating arm (14) is upward and hinged to one end of the second rotating arm (16) through the second rotating shaft (15). The other end of the second rotating arm (16) is fixedly provided with a cavity clamp (17) for clamping a single shock wave jet cavity (10), and the base (11) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the jet array integration device (28); the adaptive screwing arms are integrally distributed on the base (11) at an equal interval of 120°. A single adaptive screwing arm has three rotating shafts to realize the free expansion and contraction of the first rotating arm (14), the second rotating arm (16), and the cavity clamp (17), and the distance in the direction of each degree of freedom can be independently adjusted. A plurality of shock wave jet cavities (10) are arranged in sequence to form a dense array on a single surface; a single shock wave jet cavity (10) in the device is clamped by an adaptive screwing arm. Under the action of a stepping motor, the distance between the nozzle (3) and the ice surface can be independently adjusted, and it has six - degree - of - freedom adjustment in the up - down, left - right, and front - back directions. That is, the direction of the nozzle (3) can be adaptively adjusted so that the plasma jets converge and act on the same point together, or the distance between the nozzle (3) and the impact surface can be independently adjusted; the jet array integration device (28) can be controlled to jet singly or in multiple, synchronous or asynchronous, centralized or decentralized manners according to control requirements; the reverse - buckling arm device (27) can expand and contract up and down, left and right to adapt to different sizes of the blades, and the rollers (26) can move along the blades while reducing the wear on the blades. The self - controllable charge - discharge circuit includes the self - controllable charge - discharge circuit of energy storage capacitor C1 and the self - controllable charge - discharge circuit of pulse capacitor C2. Among them, the self - controllable charge - discharge circuit of energy storage capacitor C1 is composed of energy storage capacitor C1, first power - on delay relay KT1, first power - off delay relay KT2 and first intermediate relay KM1. One normally open contact of the first power - off delay relay KT2 is connected to the coil of the first power - on delay relay KT1 to form a control circuit. Another normally open contact of the first power - off delay relay KT2 is successively connected to the normally open contact K1 of the first intermediate relay KM1 and the anode of the energy storage capacitor C1 to form a capacitor charging circuit, and the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is grounded. The normally closed contact of the first power - on delay relay KT1 is successively connected to the coil of the first intermediate relay KM1 and the coil of the first power - off delay relay KT2 to form a control circuit. The self - controllable charge - discharge circuit of the pulse capacitor C2 is composed of pulse capacitor C2, second power - on delay relay KT3, second power - off delay relay KT4 and second intermediate relay KM2. One normally open contact of the second power - off delay relay KT4 is connected to the coil of the second power - on delay relay KT3 to form a control circuit. Another normally open contact of the second power - off delay relay KT4 is successively connected to the normally open contact K2 of the second intermediate relay KM2 and the anode of the pulse capacitor C2 to form a capacitor charging circuit, and the other end of the pulse capacitor C1 is grounded. The normally closed contact of the second power - on delay relay KT3 is successively connected to the coil of the second intermediate relay KM2 and the coil of the second power - off delay relay KT4 to form a control circuit. The self - controllable charge - discharge circuit of the energy storage capacitor C1 and the self - controllable charge - discharge circuit of the pulse capacitor C2 are connected to the power - on button SB1 and the emergency stop button SB2 to ensure the safety of the charge - discharge process of the control circuit. The control circuit gives an action signal to successively control the discharge of the energy storage capacitor C1 and the pulse capacitor C2. The large amount of energy stored in the energy storage capacitor C1 and the pulse capacitor C2 causes the polytetrafluoroethylene (8) in the shock - wave jet cavity (10) to dissociate to form plasma. After a large amount of plasma accumulates in the injection cavity, it is ejected at high air pressure and high speed through the injection holes. The trigger discharge circuit is composed of a pulse circuit (1) and a discharge circuit (2). The pulse circuit (1) is composed of a pulse capacitor C2, a pulse transformer T, a second thyristor SCR2, a diode D, and a protection resistor R2. One end of the pulse capacitor C2 is connected to the a end of the primary coil T1 of the pulse transformer T, the other end of the pulse capacitor C2 is grounded, the cathode of the diode D is connected to the b end of the primary coil T1 of the pulse transformer T, the anode of the diode D is grounded, the anode of the second thyristor SCR2 is connected to the b end of the primary coil T1 of the pulse transformer T, the cathode of the second thyristor SCR2 is connected to the anode of the diode D and then grounded, one end of the protection resistor R2 is connected to the b end of the secondary coil T2 of the pulse transformer T, the other end of the protection resistor R2 is grounded, and the a end of the secondary coil T2 of the pulse transformer T is connected to the needle electrode (9) of the shock wave jet cavity (10); the discharge circuit (2) is composed of an energy storage capacitor C1, a first thyristor SCR1, and a discharge resistor R1. One end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is connected to the anode of the first thyristor SCR1, the other end of the energy storage capacitor C1 is grounded, the cathode of the first thyristor SCR1 is respectively connected to the intermediate electrode (6) of the shock wave jet cavity (10) and one end of the discharge resistor R1, and the other end of the discharge resistor R1 is connected to the ground electrode (4) of the shock wave jet cavity (10); the first thyristor SCR1 and the second thyristor SCR2 receive trigger signals. After the second thyristor SCR2 receives the trigger signal, it controls the discharge of the pulse capacitor C2, generates a high-voltage pulse through the pulse transformer T, applies it to the needle electrode (9) of the shock wave jet cavity (10), and discharges into the primary cavity (7) of the shock wave jet cavity (10) to form a pre-ionization channel; after the first thyristor SCR1 receives the trigger signal, it controls the discharge of the energy storage capacitor C1, rapidly ablates the gas-generating material to generate plasma, and after the plasma accumulates in large quantities in the injection cavity, it sprays out at high air pressure and high speed at the injection hole.

2. The simulation device for non-destructive and rapid ice removal of a fan blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The creepage height of the primary cavity (7) between the needle electrode (9) and the intermediate electrode (6) is 3 mm, and the inner diameter is 2 mm. The creepage height of the secondary cavity (5) between the intermediate electrode (6) and the ground electrode (4) is 6 mm, and the inner diameter is 2 mm. The needle electrode (9), the intermediate electrode (6), the primary cavity (7), the ground electrode (4), and the secondary cavity (5) are tightly pressed in a cylindrical sleeve shape to form the shock wave jet cavity (10). The needle electrode (9), the intermediate electrode (6), and the ground electrode (4) are all made of brass, and the center of the intermediate electrode (6) and the ground electrode (4) is a nozzle (3) with a diameter of 2 mm.

3. The simulation device for non-destructive and rapid ice removal of the fan blade according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reverse buckling arm device (27) consists of four reverse buckling arms symmetrically distributed on both sides of the injection array integration device (28). The injection array integration device (28) is in the shape of a box. The reverse buckling arm is composed of a second large arm (19), a telescopic arm (20), a third rotating shaft (21), a third rotating arm (22), a fourth rotating shaft (23), a fourth rotating arm (24), a roller (26) and a roller shaft (25). One end of the second large arm (19) is welded to the box body of the injection array integration device (28), and the other end of the second large arm (19) is provided with an up-and-down telescopic telescopic arm (20) upward. The other end of the telescopic arm (20) is hinged to one end of the third rotating arm (22) upward through the third rotating shaft (21). The other end of the third rotating arm (22) is hinged to one end of the fourth rotating arm (24) through the fourth rotating shaft (23). The other end of the fourth rotating arm (24) is provided with a roller shaft (25), and rollers (26) are installed at both ends of the roller shaft (25).

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