90 results about "Fluorinated gases" patented technology

The present invention describes, inter alia, oxygen delivery agents or blood substitutes comprising a fluorinated gas and a stabilizing material, uses for the oxygen delivery agents or blood substitutes, and apparatus for making and delivering the oxygen delivery agents or blood substitutes.

Novel gas filled microspheres useful as computed tomography (CT) contrast agents. The microspheres are prepared from a gas and/or a gaseous precursor, and one or more stabilizing compounds.

Low- or atmospheric pressure RF plasma-enhanced thin film deposition methods are provided for the deposition of hydrophobic fluorinated thin films onto various substrates. The methods include at least two steps. In the first step, RF plasma-mediated deposition is used to deposit a fluorinated film onto a substrate surface. In a second step, plasma-generated active sites on the fluorinated film are quenched by reacting them with stable fluorinated gas-phase molecules in situ, in the absence of plasma, to provide a hydrophobic fluorinated thin film having a very low oxygen content. In some instances the hydrophobic fluorinated thin films have an atomic oxygen concentration of no more than about 3%.

A method of anisotropic plasma etching of a silicon wafer, maintained at a temperature from −40° C. to −120° C., comprising alternated and repeated steps of:

• • etching with injection of a fluorinated gas, into the plasma reactor, and
  • passivation with injection of silicon tetrafluoride, SiF₄, and of oxygen into the plasma reactor, the flow rate of the gases in the plasma reactor being on the order of from 10% to 25% of the gas flow rate during the etch step.

The invention belongs to a resourceful, economic and fine utilization method of coal ash, and relates to a method for producing superfine white carbon black, ferric hydroxide and aluminum oxide by using coal ash. The method comprises the following steps of: with the coal ash as a raw material and a sulfuric acid and caustic soda solution as a solvent, grinding the coal ash, heating to assist in dissolving the coal ash, carrying out acid leaching on the coal ash, and then, filtering and cleaning the coal ash to obtain a filtrate, wherein the filtrate is used for preparing the ferric hydroxide and the aluminum oxide, a filter cake obtained through leaching and filtering is used for preparing the superfine white carbon black, and a fluoride-contained gas generated through leaching is used for absorbing and preparing an AlF3 product. By using the method, the problem that the industrial application can not be realized because the traditional coal ash leaching way is low in useful substance leaching rate is better solved fundamentally, and the total useful substance dissolution rate of the coal ash can be increased from 15-20% to 75-85%, so that resourceful utilization, economic and fine utilization, product diversification and higher additional value of the coal ash can be realized.

The present invention consists in a method for anisotropically etching a silicon substrate at very low temperature using a high-density fluorinated gas plasma, characterized in that the plasma is formed from a gas mixture comprising an etching gas containing fluorine, a passivating gas containing oxygen and a reaction gas comprising chlorine, and in which method the respective ratios of the flowrate of the passivating gas and the flowrate of the reaction gas to the flowrate of the etching gas are less than 0.15 by volume. The etching gas containing fluorine is preferably sulfur hexafluoride SF₆, the passivating gas containing oxygen is preferably chosen from oxygen O₂, ozone O₃ and sulfur dioxide SO₂, and the reaction gas comprising chlorine is preferably silicon tetrachloride SiCl₄.

To provide a cleaning method capable of favorably removing an object to be cleaned having a plasma polymer formed in a plasma etching step employing a fluorinated gas.

A cleaning method comprising an immersion step of immersing an object 1 to be cleaned in a cleaning liquid (fluorinated solvent) 3 containing at least a fluorine compound, wherein in the immersion step, the temperature t of the cleaning liquid 3 is at least the lower one of the normal boiling point of the fluorine compound contained in the cleaning liquid 3 at 1 atm and 100° C., and the atmospheric pressure is such a pressure that the fluorine compound is in a liquid state at the temperature t. Further, a cleaning method comprising an immersion step of immersing an object to be cleaned having a plasma polymer formed in a plasma etching step employing a fluorinated gas, in a cleaning liquid containing a fluorinated compound, wherein the fluorinated compound has a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having a number of carbon atoms of at least 5.

According to the invention there is provided a liquid crystal display device comprising at least two substrates, a homeotropic alignment film coated on said substrates, and a nematic liquid crystal mixture between adjacent substrates. A homeotropic alignment film in the form of a single Fluorinated-Diamond like Carbon (F-DLC) layer deposited onto the substrates with fluorinated gases by oblique plasma deposition method is disclosed.

A method includes a step of forming a sacrificial layer on a first film, a step of forming a second film on the sacrificial layer, a step of forming an etching opening that extends through at least one of the first film and the second film so as to communicate with the sacrificial layer, and a step of forming a hollow portion by etching the sacrificial layer using a gas containing a fluorine-containing gas and hydrogen via the etching opening, wherein a composition ratio of silicon to nitrogen in a first region having a face in contact with the sacrificial layer is larger than a composition ratio of silicon to nitrogen in a second region not including the first region.

The invention relates to a device for removing fluorinated series gas and a method thereof. The device and the method of the invention is that: during the process of configuring, manufacturing and washing the high-tech industrial devices such as computers or semiconductors, etc. which use fluorinated serials gas, the gas polluted by the unreacted fluorinated series gas is led into plasmatorch with high temperature and high capacity to remove fluorinated series gas through thermal decomposition or plasmatorch chemical reaction.

The invention relates to the use of a mixture of a hydrofluoroolefin and a hydrofluorocarbon, optionally combined with another fluorinated gas, as an electrical insulation medium and/or an electric arc extinguishing medium in a medium-voltage electrical apparatus. The invention also relates to a medium- or high-voltage electrical apparatus in which such a mixture provides electrical insulation and/or electric arc extinguishing.

The invention discloses a method for recycling fluorine from a phosphorus-containing fluorine slag and cogenerating calcium superphosphate. The method comprises the following steps: adding a phosphorus-containing fluorine slag and concentrated sulfuric acid to a defluorination reaction tank according to the ratio of 1 to (0.6-1.1), stirring and reacting at 60-200 DEG C for 0.1-3 hours; recovering escaped fluorine-containing gas in the reaction process and preparing fluoride products such as hydrofluoric acid and the like to recover fluorine resources; stirring and reacting the phosphorus-containing fluorine slag and the concentrated sulfuric acid in the defluorination reaction tank for 0.1-3 hours; adding a phosphorus-containing calcium material to reaction slurry, stirring and reacting for 0.1-5 hours, and neutralizing free acids in the slurry; and drying the reactants after reacting, so as to obtain a calcium superphosphate product. Compared with the prior art, the method has the characteristics of being simple in process, mild in operation condition, high in recovery rate of phosphorus-fluorine resources, and free of 'three wastes' on the whole.

Carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and three groups of fluorinated gases have been referred to as greenhouse gases and the most offensive gases in contributing to Global Warming This invention comprises the use of Titration and other chemical oxidation—reduction reactions in novel ways to scrub these gases from the Earth's atmosphere. The invention comprises identifying, developing, and spraying base aerosols to neutralize carbon dioxide, nitrous oxide, sulphur dioxide, and similar compounds whose oxides form acids when dissolved in water vapor. Acid-base titrations result in neutralization of the acid and the base. The formation of a salt and water typically are by-products. Salt precipitates such as CACO3—calcium carbonate or limestone settle into the oceans naturally forming limestone deposits which act as homes for microscopic sea life. Carbonic acid which results from CO2 being dissolved in water produces calcium carbonate when treated with a base. The invention proposes that by trials other natural salts may be identified which may safely be precipitated to the earth as it is important that the absorption into the Earth's environment occur with a minimum of deleterious effects. There exists a number of acids and The invention further comprises the novel use of vehicles such as space shuttles or a space station as delivery vehicles.

The method for producing a filled container of the present invention includes: providing a metal storage container, at least an inner surface of which is formed of a manganese steel and in which the inner surface has a surface roughness R_max of 10 μm or less; performing fluorination by bringing the inner surface of the storage container into contact with a gas containing at least one first fluorine-containing gas selected from the group consisting of ClF₃, IF₇, BrF₅, F₂, and WF₆ at 50° C. or lower; purging the inside of the storage container with an inert gas; and filling the inside of the storage container with at least one second fluorine-containing gas selected from the group consisting of ClF₃, IF₇, BrF₅, F₂, and WF₆.