A live sowing cultivation method for radix stemonae
By pre-treating the seeds of Stemona japonica and direct seeding, the problems of low seed germination rate and seedling transplanting damage were solved, achieving high germination rate and high yield of Stemona japonica cultivation.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202310545257.4
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Patents(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2023-05-15
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-21
- Estimated Expiration
- 2043-05-15
AI Technical Summary
The germination rate of existing seeds is low, and seedlings are easily damaged during transplanting, resulting in reduced yield and quality.
The method of direct seeding of Stemona japonica is adopted. The seeds are pretreated, including mixing and grinding with river sand, soaking, hot water treatment, soaking in potassium permanganate solution, soaking in gibberellin, treatment with oily body mixture and perlite germination treatment, to promote cytokinin synthesis and energy supply and improve germination rate. After the planting site is treated, the seeds are directly sown to avoid the transplanting process.
It improved the germination rate of Stemona japonica seeds, avoided seedling damage, enhanced yield and quality, simplified operation, and saved manpower and resources.
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Figure CN116420575B_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The present application relates to the cultivation technology field of stemona, in particular to a stemona seed direct sowing cultivation method. BACKGROUND
[0002] Stemona has a long history of medicinal use in China, and is a commonly used traditional Chinese medicine for treating chronic cough, phthisis and whooping cough, and can be used externally for head lice, body lice and pinworm disease. In the natural state, stemona has weak reproductive capacity and grows slowly, and it takes many years to form yield, so relying on wild resources cannot meet the demand, and the importance of artificial planting and cultivation is increasingly prominent.
[0003] At present, the propagation methods of stemona include root division propagation, tissue culture and seed propagation. The root division propagation has low propagation coefficient and growth rate, and wastes medicinal materials. Tissue culture requires high conditions and has certain requirements for equipment, and the survival rate of transplanted plants is low. The seed propagation method for planting stemona is simple and convenient to breed, and can greatly save manpower and material resources. However, the germination rate of stemona seeds is low in the seed propagation process, and the germination rate is below 55% in the natural state. With the extension of storage time, the seed vigor decreases, and the germination rate is even lower. When the storage time exceeds 4 months, the germination rate of the seeds is only 10%, resulting in low yield and quality of stemona. In order to improve the germination rate of stemona seeds, stemona is often planted by seedling and then transplanting in production. However, the seedlings are damaged during the digging, transportation and transplanting process, resulting in seedling death, affecting the growth of the current year, and causing low yield and quality of stemona.
[0004] Therefore, at present we need to find a stemona cultivation method which can improve the germination rate of stemona seeds while avoiding the damage of seedlings during the transplanting process, resulting in seedling death and low yield and quality of stemona. SUMMARY
[0005] In view of this, the purpose of the present application is to provide a stemona seed direct sowing cultivation method, which solves the problems of low germination rate of stemona seeds and damage of seedlings during the transplanting process, resulting in seedling death and low yield and quality of stemona.
[0006] The present application solves the above technical problems through the following technical means:
[0007] A stemona seed direct sowing cultivation method, the cultivation method is as follows:
[0008] (1) Selection of seeds: collect seeds when fruits are mature, remove fruit pods, and separate seeds and oil bodies for collection;
[0009] (2) Seed pretreatment: the collected stemona seeds are pretreated to obtain germinated seeds;
[0010] (3) Planting site treatment: evenly apply the mixed fertilizer to the surface of the planting site, then perform watering treatment, and after 8-12 days of penetration, fully plow and ridge to obtain the treated planting site;
[0011] (4) Sowing: sow the germinated seeds in the treated planting site by live sowing.
[0012] Further, the seed collection time is 7-9 months for batch collection.
[0013] Further, the seed pretreatment in step (2) is specifically as follows:
[0014] S1: mix the collected radix stemonae seeds and river sand, and then put them into a grinding machine for grinding until the seed surface is smooth and the longitudinal groove disappears;
[0015] S2: soak the ground radix stemonae seeds in water at room temperature for 8-13 hours, then take out the seeds and soak them in hot water at 55-60°C for 30-60 minutes, then soak the seeds in 0.1-0.3wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, then wash and dry the seeds, and then put them into a gibberellin solution with a concentration of 400-500mg / L for 2 days, during which the seeds are stirred for 2 minutes every 5 hours;
[0016] S3: take out the gibberellin-soaked seeds, put them into an oil body mixture solution for 4-6 hours, ultrasonic treat them at a frequency of 20-40KHz for 60-120 seconds every hour, then mix with perlite, and then place them in a constant temperature box at 25-30°C for germination treatment, turn them over every 3 days, and obtain the germinated seeds after 20 days.
[0017] Further, the weight ratio of the seeds to the river sand is 1:50.
[0018] Further, the oil body mixture solution comprises the following raw materials by weight:
[0019] 30-50 parts of oil body, 5-10 parts of polyoxypropylene ester, 3-5 parts of tetraammine copper sulfate, 3-5 parts of phenylcyclopentyl ketone, 2-3 parts of salicylic acid, and 3-5 parts of peppermint powder.
[0020] Further, the oil body mixture solution is prepared as follows:
[0021] The oleosomes are soaked in water for 5-8h, then grinded into slurry and added with polyoxypropylene ester, and homogenized at 10-15Mpa and 40-50℃ for 30min, and then placed at room temperature for 12h, and then added with copper tetraammonium sulfate, and heated at 40-50℃ and 120r / min for 10min, and then cooled to room temperature, and centrifuged at 4000r / min for 15min to remove the precipitate to obtain the oleosome slurry, and then added with phenylcyclopentyl ketone and salicylic acid, and mixed to obtain the oleosome mixture.
[0022] The oleosomes of stemona are the accessory structures of stemona seeds, and their original function is to attract ants and ants to eat the oleosomes and then carry the seeds for transmission. The oleosomes of stemona contain a large amount of histidine, which has the function of regulating stomatal opening and is a catalytic enzyme for the synthesis of cytokinin. The oleosomes are treated to prepare the oleosome mixture for treating seeds, which can promote the synthesis of cytokinin in the process of stemona seed germination, and then promote the germination of stemona seeds, induce the differentiation of buds, and improve the germination rate of stemona seeds. In addition, the oleosomes of stemona also contain many other amino acids, proteins and soluble sugars. Proteins and soluble sugars can provide energy for the germination and growth of stemona seeds. Amino acids can significantly promote enzyme activity and improve the absorption of nutrients by seeds to promote their germination. However, the internal substances of stemona oleosomes are in a relatively static state after being picked and collected, and the activity is low, which cannot be well utilized by seeds. Therefore, the stemona oleosomes need to be treated to be fully utilized by stemona seeds, and then promote seed germination and improve seed germination rate.
[0023] After the stemona oleosomes are soaked in water and grinded, the cell wall of the oleosomes is damaged. Further, the hydrophobic end of polyoxypropylene ester in the oleosome mixture is combined with the hydrophobic amino acid in the protein on the cell membrane of the oleosomes through hydrophobic bond, which changes the original hydrophobic force, causes the denaturation of the protein on the cell membrane of the oleosomes, and then the structure of the cell membrane is damaged, and the intracellular fluid flows out. The histidine in the intracellular fluid acts on the seeds to catalyze the synthesis of cytokinin, and then promotes the germination of stemona and induces the differentiation of buds.
[0024] The protein in the elaioplast of stemona is a macromolecular substance, and the seed cannot directly absorb it, so it needs to be further treated to decompose it into absorbable amino acids; the copper tetraammine sulfate in the elaioplast mixture forms a complex with the carbonyl oxygen on the peptide chain of the protein, polarizes the peptide bond, and the polarized peptide bond is broken and decomposed under the action of water molecules, and then the protein is decomposed into amino acids that can be absorbed by the seed; however, the amino group in the amino acid is active and easy to be oxidized; the phenylcyclopentyl ketone added in the elaioplast mixture reacts with part of the amino group in the amino acid to generate a reducing ketone to scavenge free radicals and quench oxygen, thereby inhibiting the oxidation of the amino group; the salicylic acid in the elaioplast mixture can promote the absorption of soluble sugar in the elaioplast by the seed, thereby increasing the energy required for seed germination, shortening the germination period of stemona seed, and improving the seed germination rate; therefore, the stemona seed is treated after the elaioplast of stemona is prepared into the elaioplast mixture by the method of the present application, which can promote the germination of stemona seed, shorten the germination period, and improve the germination rate of stemona seed.
[0025] Further, the mass ratio of the seed to perlite is 1:(10-20).
[0026] Further, the mixed fertilizer has a fertilization amount of 1000 kg / mu.
[0027] Further, the mixed fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 80-100 parts of farmyard manure, 1-2 parts of superphosphoric acid calcium, and 10-20 parts of wood ash.
[0028] Further, the ridge has a ridge surface width of 50-60 cm, a ridge height of 15-20 cm, and a ridge spacing of 30-40 cm.
[0029] Further, the seed is sown by the way of ridge sowing in step (4), and the distance between the seeds is 40-50 cm; after sowing, the film needs to be covered.
[0030] In production, in order to improve the germination rate of stemona, stemona is often planted by the way of seedling raising and then transplanting; however, the seedling is damaged in the process of digging, transportation and transplanting, which leads to the death of the seedling, affects the growth of the current year, and causes the reduction of the yield and quality of stemona; the germination rate of the seed is improved by pretreating the seed to obtain the germination seed, and then the germination seed is sown, so that the process of seedling transplanting is avoided, the damage of the seedling in the process of digging, transportation and transplanting is avoided, the death of the seedling is avoided, the problem of affecting the growth of the current year is avoided, and the yield and quality of stemona are improved.
[0031] Beneficial effects:
[0032] 1. The stemona seed direct sowing cultivation method disclosed by the present application prepares the elaioplast of stemona seed into an elaioplast mixture to treat the seed, catalyzes the synthesis of cytokinin, and then promotes the germination of stemona, induces the differentiation of the bud, and improves the germination rate of stemona seed.
[0033] 2. The invention discloses a kind of stachys asiatica seed direct sowing cultivation method, by treating stachys asiatica seed to obtain germinated seed, improve seed germination rate;Germinated seed direct sowing cultivation, no need to transplant again, avoid stachys asiatica seedling to dig, transport, transplant etc. Process can be damaged seedling, influence growth condition, improve the yield and quality of stachys asiatica.
[0034] 3. Using this method direct sowing cultivation stachys asiatica, germination cycle is short, seed germination rate is high, and operation is simple, can greatly save manpower and material resources. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
[0035] Figure 1 : for the picture of stachys asiatica seedling of experimental group 1 in the experiment of the invention;
[0036] Figure 2 : for the picture of stachys asiatica growth condition of experimental group 1 in the experiment of the invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0037] The invention will be described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments and drawings:
[0038] Example 1: preparation of oil body mixed solution two
[0039] 40g oil body, 7g polyoxypropylene ester, 4g copper tetraammonium sulfate, 4g phenylcyclopentyl ketone, 2.5g salicylic acid, 4g mint powder.
[0040] Preparation method: 2kg water is added to oil body and soaked for 7h, then grinded into slurry and added with polyoxypropylene ester, 13Mpa, 45℃ homogenization for 30min, normal temperature standing for 12h, then added with copper tetraammonium sulfate, 45℃, 120r / min stirring heating for 10min, cooled to room temperature, then centrifuged at 4000r / min for 15min, removed the precipitate to obtain oil body slurry, then added with phenylcyclopentyl ketone, salicylic acid and mint powder and mixed evenly to obtain oil body mixed solution.
[0041] Example 2: preparation of oil body mixed solution one
[0042] 30g oil body, 5g polyoxypropylene ester, 3g copper tetraammonium sulfate, 3g phenylcyclopentyl ketone, 2g salicylic acid, 3g mint powder.
[0043] Preparation method: 1.5 kg water was added to oleosomes and soaked for 5 h, then ground into slurry, added polyoxypropylene ester, 10 MPa, 40°C homogenized for 30 min, and placed at room temperature for 12 h, then added copper tetraammonium sulfate, 40°C, 120 r / min stirring and heating for 10 min, cooled to room temperature, centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 15 min to remove the precipitate to obtain oleosome slurry, and then added phenylcyclopentanone, salicylic acid and mint powder to obtain an oleosome mixture.
[0044] Example 3: Preparation of an oleosome mixture
[0045] 50 g of oleosomes, 10 g of polyoxypropylene ester, 5 g of copper tetraammonium sulfate, 5 g of phenylcyclopentanone, 3 g of salicylic acid and 5 g of mint powder.
[0046] Preparation method: 2.5 kg water was added to oleosomes and soaked for 8 h, then ground into slurry, added polyoxypropylene ester, 15 MPa, 50°C homogenized for 30 min, and placed at room temperature for 12 h, then added copper tetraammonium sulfate, 50°C, 120 r / min stirring and heating for 10 min, cooled to room temperature, centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 15 min to remove the precipitate to obtain oleosome slurry, and then added phenylcyclopentanone, salicylic acid and mint powder to obtain an oleosome mixture.
[0047] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of an oleosome mixture
[0048] In comparison with Example 1, the difference is that the oleosomes are not treated, but are directly soaked with water and ground into slurry, and then centrifuged to remove the precipitate to obtain an oleosome mixture.
[0049] Preparation method: 2 kg water was added to oleosomes and soaked for 7 h, then ground into slurry, and centrifuged at 4000 r / min for 15 min to remove the precipitate to obtain an oleosome mixture.
[0050] Comparative Example 2: Preparation of an oleosome mixture
[0051] In comparison with Example 1, the difference is only that polyoxypropylene ester is not added during the preparation of the oleosome mixture.
[0052] 40 g of oleosomes, 4 g of copper tetraammonium sulfate, 4 g of phenylcyclopentanone, 2.5 g of salicylic acid and 4 g of mint powder were weighed.
[0053] Preparation method: 2 kg of water was added to the oleosomes and soaked for 7 h, then ground into slurry, 13 MPa, 45 DEG C homogenization 30 min, normal temperature standing 12 h, then add copper tetraammonium sulfate, 45 DEG C, 120 r / min stirring heating 10 min, cooling to room temperature, 4000 r / min centrifugal 15 min, remove the precipitate to obtain the oleosome slurry, the phenylcyclopentyl ketone, salicylic acid, mint powder was added to the oleosome slurry and mixed uniformly to obtain the oleosome mixture.
[0054] Comparative example 3: preparation of the oleosome mixture
[0055] In contrast to example 1, the only difference is that no copper tetraammonium sulfate is added when preparing the oleosome mixture.
[0056] 40 g of oleosomes, 7 g of polyoxypropylene ester, 4 g of phenylcyclopentyl ketone, 2.5 g of salicylic acid, 4 g of mint powder were weighed.
[0057] Preparation method: 2 kg of water was added to the oleosomes and soaked for 7 h, then ground into slurry, 13 MPa, 45 DEG C homogenization 30 min, normal temperature standing 12 h, then add copper tetraammonium sulfate, 45 DEG C, 120 r / min stirring heating 10 min, cooling to room temperature, 4000 r / min centrifugal 15 min, remove the precipitate to obtain the oleosome slurry, the phenylcyclopentyl ketone, salicylic acid, mint powder was added to the oleosome slurry and mixed uniformly to obtain the oleosome mixture.
[0058] In contrast to example 1, the only difference is that no copper tetraammonium sulfate is added when preparing the oleosome mixture.
[0059] 40 g of oleosomes, 7 g of polyoxypropylene ester, 4 g of phenylcyclopentyl ketone, 2.5 g of salicylic acid, 4 g of mint powder were weighed.
[0060] Preparation method: 2 kg of water was added to the oleosomes and soaked for 7 h, then ground into slurry, 13 MPa, 45 DEG C homogenization 30 min, normal temperature standing 12 h, then add copper tetraammonium sulfate, 45 DEG C, 120 r / min stirring heating 10 min, cooling to room temperature, 4000 r / min centrifugal 15 min, remove the precipitate to obtain the oleosome slurry, the phenylcyclopentyl ketone, salicylic acid, mint powder was added to the oleosome slurry and mixed uniformly to obtain the oleosome mixture.
[0061] Comparative example 5: preparation of the oleosome mixture
[0062] In contrast to example 1, the only difference is that no copper tetraammonium sulfate is added when preparing the oleosome mixture.
[0063] Take 40 g oil body, 7 g polyoxypropylene ester, 4 g copper sulfate tetraammine, 4 g phenylcyclopentyl ketone, 4 g mint powder.
[0064] Preparation method: 2 kg water is added to the oil body and soaked for 7 h, then ground into slurry, add polyoxypropylene ester, 13 MPa, 45 ℃ homogenization for 30 min, stand at room temperature for 12 h, then add copper sulfate tetraammine, 45 ℃, 120 r / min stirring heating for 10 min, cool to room temperature, centrifuge at 4000 r / min for 15 min, remove the precipitate to obtain oil body slurry, add phenylcyclopentyl ketone and mint powder to the oil body slurry and mix evenly to obtain oil body mixture.
[0065] Example 4: live cultivation method of stemona sessilifolia seeds
[0066] The oil body mixture prepared in example 1 is used in example 4.
[0067] (1) Selection of seeds: collect seeds in batches when the fruits are mature in July-September, remove the fruit husks, dry the seeds and oil body separately, and then collect them for use;
[0068] (2) Seed pretreatment: the collected stemona sessilifolia seeds are pretreated to obtain germinated seeds, and the specific operation is as follows:
[0069] S1: mix 500 g stemona sessilifolia seeds and 25 kg river sand, and put them into a grinding machine to grind until the seed surface is smooth and the longitudinal groove disappears;
[0070] S2: soak the ground stemona sessilifolia seeds in water at room temperature for 8 h, then take out the seeds and soak them in hot water at 55 ℃ for 30 min, then soak them in 0.1 wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, then wash and dry the seeds, and soak them in gibberellin solution with a concentration of 400 mg / L for 2 days, stirring for 2 min every 5 hours during the soaking;
[0071] S3: take out the gibberellin soaked seeds and soak them in the oil body mixture for 4 h, and then add 5 kg perlite and mix, and then place them in a constant temperature box at 25 ℃ for germination treatment, and turn them over every 3 days, and obtain the germinated seeds after 20 days;
[0072] (3) Treatment of planting site: mix farmyard manure, superphosphate and wood ash according to the weight ratio of 80:1:10 to obtain a mixed fertilizer, evenly apply the mixed fertilizer to the surface of the planting site at a rate of 1000 kg / acre, and then water the site to fully soak the surface, and after 8 days of penetration, fully plow and ridge to obtain the treated planting site, wherein the ridge width is 50 cm, the ridge height is 15 cm, and the ridge spacing is 30 cm;
[0073] (4) Sowing: A small ditch is opened in the middle of the ridge, and the germinated seeds are evenly applied to the small ditch, with a distance of 40 cm between the seeds. After sowing, the seeds are covered with a film and compacted.
[0074] Comparative Example 6: Direct sowing cultivation method of Stachys seed
[0075] In contrast to Example 4, the only difference is that the seeds are not mixed with river sand for polishing treatment.
[0076] (1) Selection of seeds: Collect seeds in batches when the fruits are mature in July-September, remove the husks, and separate the seeds and oil bodies, then dry and collect for use;
[0077] (2) Seed pretreatment: The collected Stachys seeds are pretreated to obtain germinated seeds, and the specific operation is as follows:
[0078] S2: 500g of Stachys seeds were soaked in water at room temperature for 8h, then the seeds were taken out and soaked in 55℃ hot water for 30min, then the seeds were soaked in 0.1wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1h, then the seeds were washed and dried, and then placed in a gibberellin solution with a concentration of 400mg / L for 2 days, and stirred for 2min every 5h during the period;
[0079] S2: The gibberellin soaked seeds were taken out and placed in an oil body mixture for 4h, and then ultrasonic treatment was performed at a frequency of 20KHz for 60s every 1h, then mixed with 5kg of perlite and placed in a 25℃ constant temperature box for germination treatment, and turned over every 3 days, and after 20 days, germinated seeds were obtained;
[0080] (3) Planting site treatment: Mix farmyard manure, superphosphate, and wood ash in a weight ratio of 80:1:10 to obtain a mixed fertilizer, evenly apply the mixed fertilizer to the surface of the planting site at a rate of 1000kg / acre, then water the site to fully soak the surface, and after 8 days of penetration, fully plow and ridge to obtain the treated planting site, wherein the ridge width is 50cm, the ridge height is 15cm, and the ridge spacing is 30cm;
[0081] (4) Sowing: A small ditch is opened in the middle of the ridge, and the germinated seeds are evenly applied to the small ditch, with a distance of 40 cm between the seeds. After sowing, the seeds are covered with a film and compacted.
[0082] Comparative Example 7: Direct sowing cultivation method of Stachys seed
[0083] In contrast to Example 4, the difference is that instead of using oil body to prepare an oil body mixture for seed treatment, histidine, protein, soluble sugar, and water are directly mixed in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:50 to obtain a seed treatment solution for seed treatment.
[0084] (1) Selection: In July-September, when the fruit matures, collect the seeds in batches, remove the fruit husk, dry the seeds and oil bodies after separation, and collect them for use;
[0085] (2) Seed pretreatment: The collected radix stemonae seeds are pretreated to obtain germinated seeds, and the specific operation is as follows:
[0086] S1: 500g of radix stemonae seeds and 25kg of river sand are mixed and put into a grinding machine to grind until the seed surface is smooth and the longitudinal groove disappears;
[0087] S2: The ground radix stemonae seeds are soaked in water at room temperature for 8h, then taken out and soaked in 55℃ hot water for 30min, then soaked in 0.1wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1h, then washed and dried, put into 400mg / L gibberellin solution for 2d, and stirred every 5h for 2min;
[0088] S3: The gibberellin soaked seeds are taken out and put into a seed treatment solution for 4h, and then 5kg of perlite is added and mixed and placed in a 25℃ constant temperature box for germination treatment, and turned over every 3d, and germinated seeds are obtained after 20d;
[0089] (3) Planting site treatment: Mix farmyard manure, superphosphate and wood ash according to the weight ratio of 80:1:10 to obtain a mixed fertilizer, evenly apply the mixed fertilizer to the surface of the planting site at a rate of 1000kg / acre, then water the site to fully soak the surface, and after 8 days of penetration, fully plow and ridge to obtain the treated planting site, wherein the ridge width is 50cm, the ridge height is 15cm, and the ridge spacing is 30cm;
[0090] (4) Sowing: A small ditch is opened in the middle of the ridge, and the germinated seeds are evenly applied to the small ditch, with a distance of 40cm between the seeds, and then covered with a film and compacted.
[0091] Experiment: Radix stemonae seed direct sowing cultivation experiment
[0092] 1. Planting conditions: Select radix stemonae seedling cultivation base in modern agricultural park of Jiangjin District, Chongqing City for radix stemonae planting experiment, the base is about 2400 meters above sea level, the soil pH value is 6-7.5, the soil layer depth is 80-200cm, the fertility is medium, the average annual air temperature is 13.6℃, the annual average frost-free period is 250 days, the average daily sunshine is 1539h, the annual average rainfall is 1245.5mm, and the management capacity in the base is higher; In the radix stemonae planting base, a separate test area is opened, 1.2kg of radix stemonae seeds are selected and divided into 8 groups: experimental group 1, control group 1-7, 150g per group.
[0093] 2. Oil body mixed solution:
[0094] Experimental group 1: the oleosome mixed solution prepared by example 1;
[0095] Control group 1-5: the oleosome mixed solution prepared by comparative example 1-5 respectively;
[0096] Control group 6: the oleosome mixed solution prepared by example 1;
[0097] Control group 7: the seed treatment solution prepared by mixing histidine, protein, soluble sugar and water in the weight ratio of 1:1:1:50.
[0098] 3. The method for direct sowing and cultivating Stachys georgii Hance seeds;
[0099] Experimental group 1: the method for direct sowing and cultivating Stachys georgii Hance seeds of example 4;
[0100] Control group 1-5: the method for direct sowing and cultivating Stachys georgii Hance seeds of example 4;
[0101] Control group 6: the method for direct sowing and cultivating Stachys georgii Hance seeds of comparative example 6;
[0102] Control group 7: the method for direct sowing and cultivating Stachys georgii Hance seeds of comparative example 7.
[0103] 4. Seed germination rate determination: the seeds of experimental group 1 and control group 1-7 were treated in a thermostat for 20 days, and then the germination rate was determined, and the data are shown in Table 1:
[0104] 5. Stachys georgii Hance yield determination: the Stachys georgii Hance was harvested in December of the third year after sowing, and the yield of each group was recorded, and the data are shown in Table 2:
[0105] Table 1
[0106] Experiment 1 Control 1 Control 2 Control 3 Control 4 Control 5 Control 6 Control 7 Germination rate (%) 93％ 80％ 83％ 85％ 86％ 85％ 81％ 80％
[0107] Table 2
[0108] Experiment 1 Control 1 Control 2 Control 3 Control 4 Control 5 Control 6 Control 7 Yield (kg) 330 291 301 304 307 305 287 294
[0109] According to the data analysis of Tables 1 and 2:
[0110] (1) In Table 1, the germination rate of the Stachys georgii Hance seeds of experimental group 1 is obviously higher than that of control groups 1-7, and the germination rate of control group 1 is reduced by 13% compared with that of experimental group 1, which is because the oleosome mixed solution prepared in control group 1 is not treated with polyoxypropylene ester, copper tetraammonium sulfate, phenylcyclopentyl ketone and salicylic acid, so the seeds cannot well utilize the oleosome, resulting in the reduction of the seed germination rate;
[0111] (2) Compared with the experimental group 1, the germination rate of the control group 2 is reduced by 10%, which is due to that the polyoxypropylene ester is not added in the preparation of the oleosome mixed solution in the control group 2, the cell membrane is not completely destroyed, the histidine, protein and soluble sugar in the cell cannot fully flow out, the available amount of the seeds is reduced, and the seed germination rate is reduced;
[0112] (3) Compared with the experimental group 1, the germination rate of the control group 3 is reduced by 8%, which is due to that the copper sulfate tetraamine is not added in the preparation of the oleosome mixed solution in the control group 3, the protein in the oleosome cannot be effectively decomposed, the seeds cannot be absorbed and utilized, and the seed germination rate is reduced;
[0113] (4) Compared with the experimental group 1, the germination rate of the control group 4 is reduced by 7%, which is due to that the phenylcyclopentyl ketone is not added in the preparation of the oleosome mixed solution in the control group 4, the amino acid therein is oxidized, the absorption and utilization rate of the seeds is low, and the seed germination rate is reduced;
[0114] (5) Compared with the experimental group 1, the germination rate of the control group 5 is reduced by 8%, which is due to that the salicylic acid is not added in the preparation of the oleosome mixed solution in the control group 5, the seeds cannot absorb the soluble sugar, the absorption amount of the seeds is reduced, and the seed germination rate is reduced;
[0115] (6) Compared with the experimental group 1, the germination rate of the control group 6 is reduced by 12%, which is due to that the seeds are not mixed with river sand for polishing treatment when the stachys seed is directly sowed and cultivated in the control group 6, the seed coat is hard, the substances in the oleosome mixed solution are difficult to enter the seed, the utilization rate of the seeds to the oleosome mixed solution is low, and the seed germination rate is low;
[0116] (7) Compared with the experimental group 1, the germination rate of the control group 7 is reduced by 13%, which is due to that the seeds are not treated by the oleosome mixed solution obtained after the oleosome treatment, but are directly treated by the histidine, protein and soluble sugar in the control group 7, the seeds cannot be well utilized, and the seed germination rate is reduced;
[0117] (8) In Table 2, the stachys yield of the experimental group 1 is obviously higher than that of the control groups 1-7, which indicates that the stachys oleosome is prepared into the stachys oleosome mixed solution by the method of the present application, and the seed germination rate of the stachys can be effectively improved, the growth of the stachys can be promoted, and the yield and quality of the stachys can be improved.
[0118] (9) According to the germination rate and yield data of Radix Stachys asiaticae Maxim in Tables 1 and 2, it can be seen that the preparation of the oil body mixed solution by treating the oil body of Radix Stachys asiaticae Maxim can promote the germination of the seeds of Radix Stachys asiaticae Maxim, improve the germination rate of the seeds of Radix Stachys asiaticae Maxim, and improve the yield and quality of Radix Stachys asiaticae Maxim; the germinated seeds obtained after treatment are planted by using the direct sowing method, without the need of transplanting, which not only improves the germination rate of Radix Stachys asiaticae Maxim, but also avoids the problems of damaging the seedlings and affecting the growth conditions of Radix Stachys asiaticae Maxim in the processes of digging, transporting and transplanting the seedlings, and the operation is simple, which can greatly save manpower and resources.
[0119] The above examples are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application but not limit the present application. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present application can be modified or replaced equivalently without departing from the purpose and scope of the present application, and all of them should be covered in the scope of the claims of the present application. The technical, shape and structure parts not described in detail in the present application are all known technologies.
Claims
1. A method for direct seeding cultivation of Stachys asiatica Hara, characterized by, The cultivation method is as follows: (1) Selection of seeds: collect seeds at the time of fruit ripening, remove the fruit husk, and separate the seeds and oil bodies for collection; (2) Seed pretreatment: the collected stemona sessilifolia seeds are pretreated to obtain germinated seeds; (3) Planting site treatment: after uniformly applying the mixed fertilizer to the surface of the planting site, water treatment is performed, and after 8-12 days of penetration, overall plowing and ridging are performed to obtain the treated planting site; (4) Sowing: the germinated seeds are sown in the treated planting site by direct sowing; The seed pretreatment in step (2) is specifically as follows: S1: Mix the collected stemona sessilifolia seeds with river sand and put them into a grinding machine for grinding until the seed surface becomes smooth and the longitudinal grooves disappear; S2: Soak the ground seeds in water at room temperature for 8-13 hours, then take them out and soak them in hot water at 55-60°C for 30-60 minutes, then soak them in a 0.1%-0.3wt% potassium permanganate solution for 1 hour, then wash and dry the seeds, and soak them in a gibberellin solution with a concentration of 400-500mg / L for 2 days, stirring for 2 minutes every 5 hours during the soaking; S3: Take out the gibberellin-soaked seeds and soak them in an oil body mixture for 4-6 hours, then add perlite and mix, and place them in a 25-30°C constant temperature box for germination treatment, turning them over every 3 days, and obtaining germinated seeds after 20 days; The oil body mixture includes the following raw materials by weight: 30-50 parts of oil bodies, 5-10 parts of polyoxypropylene ester, 3-5 parts of copper tetraammine sulfate, 3-5 parts of phenylcyclopentyl ketone, 2-3 parts of salicylic acid, and 3-5 parts of peppermint powder; The preparation method of the oil body mixture is as follows: Soak the oil bodies in water for 5-8 hours, then grind them into a slurry and add polyoxypropylene ester, homogenize at 10-15Mpa and 40-50°C for 30 minutes, stand at room temperature for 12 hours, then add copper tetraammine sulfate, stir at 40-50°C and 120r / min for 10 minutes, cool to room temperature, then centrifuge at 4000r / min for 15 minutes to remove the precipitate and obtain an oil body slurry, then mix the phenylcyclopentyl ketone, salicylic acid, and peppermint powder in the oil body slurry to obtain the oil body mixture.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the seeds are sown in the field in the spring. The seeds are collected in batches from July to September.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the seeds are sown in the field in the spring. The mass ratio of seeds to perlite in step S3 is 1: (10-20).
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, The application rate of the mixed fertilizer is 1000kg / acre.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step (3), the ridges have a width of 50-60cm, a height of 15-20cm, and a spacing of 30-40cm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method is characterized by, In step (4), the direct sowing method is ridge sowing, and the distance between seeds is 40-50cm. After sowing, the soil needs to be covered with a film.
Citation Information
Patent Citations
Stemona japonica planting method
CN109042123A
Germination accelerating treatment method for stemona tuberosa seeds
CN113179703A