An ontology-based sustainable assessment method for cement-steel slag solidified soil

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method based on ontology, including setting cement-steel slag solidified soil basic data, according to the evaluation index of cement-steel slag solidified soil of basic data setting;According to the multiple classes corresponding to the attribute of the multiple classes of the ontology model defined by evaluation index definition;The evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule of cement-steel slag solidified soil is formulated using semantic web rule, and the semantic web query rule is defined according to the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule, according to the parameter corresponding to basic data, the multiple classes are assigned, according to the multiple classes after assignment and the attribute corresponding to the multiple classes and the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule of cement-steel slag solidified soil, obtain the influence of the basic data to be evaluated on the sustainability of solidified soil.By ontology model and semantic web rule language combination, the inference result is obtained by quantifying evaluation index, the optimal design and optimization direction are obtained from macroscopic point of view, which is conducive to improving the work efficiency of designer.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of soft soil solidification, and particularly relates to a cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method based on ontology. BACKGROUND

[0002] Traditional soft soil solidification agents (cement, lime, etc.) have problems of high energy consumption, high carbon emission, non-renewable resource consumption, environmental pollution, etc. Replacing cement with low-carbon supplementary cementitious materials is considered a sustainable solution. Steel slag is one of the by-products of the steel industry, accounting for about 12% to 15% of steel production. Large amounts of steel slag are stored, not only occupying land resources, but also causing great safety hazards to the ecological environment. In recent years, research has shown that accelerated carbonation can efficiently stimulate the activity of steel slag, and replacing part of cement to improve soft soil can significantly improve the compressive strength and dry-wet cycle resistance of the solidified soil. Designers often only focus on its engineering performance, and the importance of balancing the environmental benefits and economic benefits of green design is crucial for the decision-making of construction project stakeholders. However, designers often lack resources and tools to make the best decisions about green materials.

[0003] At present, most studies use multi-criteria decision-making models to evaluate sustainable materials used in construction projects. Existing research cannot quantitatively compare and evaluate the environmental and cost savings of green materials; in addition, cement is usually the main source of material strength, and the addition of auxiliary cementitious materials may severely reduce the performance and durability of the material while reducing the environmental impact, and the sustainability of cement-steel slag solidified soil cannot be evaluated. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method based on ontology to overcome the above technical problems.

[0005] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme of the present application is:

[0006] A cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method based on ontology, comprising:

[0007] Setting cement-steel slag solidified soil basic data, the basic data including raw material consumption, raw material transportation distance, steel slag grinding grade for solidified agent preparation, and carbonization grade;

[0008] The basic data further includes energy consumption, carbon emission and cost in the solidified agent preparation stage;

[0009] Setting evaluation indexes of cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the basic data, the evaluation indexes including environmental indexes, economic indexes, performance indexes and sustainable indexes;

[0010] According to the evaluation index definition ontology model corresponding to a plurality of classes and the plurality of classes corresponding to the attribute, the plurality of classes corresponding to the attribute includes object attribute and data type attribute;

[0011] The object attribute is used to define the relationship between the class and the class;

[0012] The data type attribute is used to qualitatively or quantitatively describe the entity property of the class, and the entity property includes material weight, strength, carbon emission, price and energy information;

[0013] The evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule of cement-steel slag solidified soil is formulated by adopting semantic network rule, and the evaluation rule includes carbon emission calculation rule, cost calculation rule and sustainable index calculation rule;

[0014] According to the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule of cement-steel slag solidified soil, the semantic network query rule is defined, and the semantic network query rule includes carbon emission, cost and sustainable index query rule and sustainable index less than preset value scheme query rule;

[0015] According to the parameters corresponding to the basic data, the plurality of classes are valued, and according to the plurality of classes after valuation, the plurality of classes corresponding to the attribute and the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule of cement-steel slag solidified soil, the influence of the basic data to be evaluated on the sustainability of solidified soil is obtained.

[0016] Further, the evaluation index definition ontology model corresponding to a plurality of classes includes carbon emission amount class in raw material production process of cement-steel slag solidified soil, production cost class of cement-steel slag solidified agent, unconfined compressive strength class of solidified soil and sustainable index class;

[0017] The carbon emission amount class in raw material production process of cement-steel slag solidified soil includes carbon emission amount class in raw material production process, carbon emission amount class in material transportation process, carbon emission amount class in solidified agent preparation process and carbon emission amount class avoiding steel slag landfill;

[0018] The production cost class of cement-steel slag solidified agent includes raw material cost class, transportation cost class, solidified agent preparation cost class and cost class avoiding steel slag landfill;

[0019] The sustainable index class includes sustainable environment index class and sustainable economic index class.

[0020] Further, the production grade class of solidified agent preparation includes basic flow class, process class and product flow class;

[0021] The basic flow class includes two subclasses: resource class and emission class;

[0022] The resource category includes energy and raw materials from the natural environment into the production system; the energy includes diesel, coal and electricity; the raw materials include cement and high-efficiency polymerization road ferric sulfate BOFS;

[0023] The emission category includes emissions released from the production system into the air, water or soil;

[0024] The process category includes the life cycle activities of the product, including the production process and the transportation process;

[0025] The product flow category includes the output products from a certain production process or production system, including carbonized steel slag and solidifying agent.

[0026] Further, the environmental indicator is the carbon emission as the environmental impact indicator;

[0027] The carbon emission calculation rules include the carbon emission calculation rules in the raw material production process of cement-steel slag solidified soil, the carbon emission calculation rules in the material transportation process, the carbon emission calculation rules in the solidifying agent preparation process, and the carbon emission calculation rules of avoiding the carbon emission generated by steel slag landfill;

[0028] The total carbon emission calculation rule of the carbon emission is

[0029] CO2=CO 2-m +CO 2-p +CO 2-t -CO 2-a (1)

[0030] In the formula, CO 2-m represents the carbon dioxide equivalent generated in the raw material production process; CO 2-p represents the carbon dioxide equivalent generated in the solidifying agent preparation process; CO 2-t represents the carbon dioxide equivalent generated in the material transportation process; CO 2-a represents the carbon emission of avoiding steel slag landfill;

[0031] The carbon emission calculation rule in the raw material production process is

[0032] CO 2-m =W c ×CO 2-mf (2)

[0033] In the formula, W c represents the cement consumption required for solidifying 1m 3 of soft soil, and the unit is t; CO 2-mf represents the carbon emission factor of cement production, and the unit is kg CO2 eq / t;

[0034] The carbon emission amount in the preparation process of the solidifying agent includes carbon emission generated by electricity in the steel slag grinding and carbonization process, and carbon dioxide absorption amount of the steel slag, and the calculation rule is

[0035] CO 2-p = E g × CO 2-pf + E c × CO 2-pf - W s × CO2uptake (3)

[0036] In the formula, E g and E c respectively represent the electricity consumption amount in the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process, and the unit is kWh; CO 2-pf represents the carbon emission factor of electricity, and the unit is kgCO2eq / kWh; W s represents the steel slag consumption amount of the solidifying agent required for solidifying 1m 3 of soft soil, and the unit is t; and CO2uptake represents the proportion of carbon dioxide absorption amount of the steel slag in the steel slag consumption amount;

[0037] The calculation rule of the carbon emission amount in the material transportation process is

[0038]

[0039] In the formula, D i represents the transportation distance of the i-th material, and the unit is km; W i represents the transportation amount of the i-th material, and the unit is kg; and CO 2-ti represents the carbon dioxide equivalent emitted per ton of material transported 1km, and the unit is kgCO2 eq / (t·km).

[0040] Further, the economic index takes the production cost of the cement-steel slag solidifying agent as an influencing index, and the production cost calculation rule includes raw material cost calculation rule, transportation cost calculation rule, solidifying agent preparation cost calculation rule, and cost of avoiding steel slag landfill;

[0041] The raw material cost includes cement cost and steel slag cost;

[0042] The transportation cost includes the cost of transporting the steel slag and the cement to the factory;

[0043] The solidifying agent preparation cost includes the electricity cost of steel slag grinding and carbonization;

[0044] The cost of avoiding steel slag landfill includes the transportation cost of the steel slag to the landfill;

[0045] The total cost calculation rule of the production cost of the cement-steel slag solidifying agent is

[0046] Cost = Cost m + Cost p + Cost t - Cost a (5)

[0047] wherein, Cost m represents the raw material cost; Cost p represents the solidifying agent preparation cost; Cost t represents the material transportation cost; Cost a represents the cost of avoiding steel slag landfill;

[0048] The calculation rule of the raw material production cost is

[0049]

[0050] wherein, W i represents the transportation amount of the i-th material, in kg; Cost mi is the price of the i-th material per ton;

[0051] The calculation rule of the solidifying agent preparation cost is

[0052] Cost p = E g x Cost pf + E c x Cost pf (7)

[0053] wherein, E g and E c respectively represent the power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process, in kWh; Cost pf and Cost pf respectively represent the power price of the power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process;

[0054] The calculation rule of the material transportation cost is

[0055]

[0056] wherein, D i is the transportation distance of the i-th material, in km; W i represents the transportation amount of the i-th material, in kg; Cost ti is the price of transporting 1 km of the i-th material per ton.

[0057] Further, the performance index includes the unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil;

[0058] normalizing the environment index, the economic index and the performance index based on pure cement solidified soil to obtain the sustainable index;

[0059] The sustainable index calculation rule comprises a sustainable environment index calculation rule and a sustainable economic index calculation rule;

[0060] The calculation rules of the sustainable environment index and the sustainable economic index are

[0061]

[0062]

[0063] In the formula, SUI environment represents the sustainable environment index of steel slag-cement solidified soft soil; CO2 represents the total carbon emission of the carbon emission; SUI economic represents the sustainable economic index of steel slag-cement solidified soft soil; Cost represents the total cost of the production cost of the cement-steel slag solidified agent; UCS represents the unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soft soil.

[0064] Beneficial effects: the application provides a cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method based on ontology, defines classes of an ontology system through basic data of a cement-steel slag solidified soil knowledge base, establishes attribute relationships between classes, obtains an ontology model of cement-steel slag solidified soil, and the ontology model formulates evaluation index evaluation reasoning rules of cement-steel slag solidified soil based on semantic web rules, and defines semantic web query rules according to the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rules of cement-steel slag solidified soil, assigns parameters corresponding to basic data to the multiple classes, quantifies evaluation indexes, and further obtains reasoning results of the influence of basic data on the sustainability of solidified soil. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0065] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the application, and other drawings can also be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0066] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of the cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method based on ontology of the application;

[0067] Figure 2 It is a relationship diagram of ontology core concepts UML class and class of the cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method based on ontology of the application;

[0068] Figure 3This is a flowchart illustrating the ontology framework of an ontology-based sustainable assessment method for cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the present invention.

[0069] Figure 4 This is the speculative interface for an ontology-based sustainable assessment method for cement-steel slag solidified soil according to the present invention.

[0070] Figure 5 This is a diagram showing the carbon emission, cost, and sustainability index query interface of a sustainability assessment method for cement-steel slag solidified soil based on ontology according to the present invention.

[0071] Figure 6 This is a screenshot of the query interface for a sustainability index of less than 1 in the ontology-based sustainable assessment method for cement-steel slag solidified soil of the present invention.

[0072] Figure 7 This is a bar chart showing the carbon emissions versus cost of a sustainability assessment method for cement-steel slag solidified soil based on the ontology of the present invention.

[0073] Figure 8 This invention presents a bar chart and a line graph of the unconfined compressive strength of cement-slag solidified soil and a sustainability index based on an ontology-based sustainable assessment method for cement-slag solidified soil. Detailed Implementation

[0074] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0075] This embodiment provides an ontology-based method for sustainable assessment of cement-steel slag solidified soil, such as... Figure 1 As shown, it includes:

[0076] Step S1: Set the basic data for cement-steel slag solidified soil. The basic data includes the amount of raw materials used, the transportation distance of the raw materials, the grinding grade of the steel slag used to prepare the solidifying agent, and the carbonization grade.

[0077] The basic data also includes energy consumption, carbon emissions, and costs during the curing agent preparation stage;

[0078] Step S2: Set evaluation indicators for cement-steel slag solidified soil based on the basic data. The evaluation indicators include environmental indicators, economic indicators, performance indicators, and sustainability indicators.

[0079] According to the evaluation index definition ontology model corresponding to a plurality of classes and the plurality of classes corresponding to the attributes, the plurality of classes corresponding to the attributes include object attributes and data type attributes;

[0080] The object attribute is used to define the relationship between the class and the class;

[0081] The data type attribute is used to qualitatively or quantitatively describe the entity properties of the class, and the entity properties include material weight, strength, carbon emission, price and energy information;

[0082] Step S3: adopt semantic web rule making cement-steel slag solidified soil evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule, the evaluation rule includes: carbon emission calculation rule, cost calculation rule, the calculation rule of sustainable index;

[0083] Step S4: according to the cement-steel slag solidified soil evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule definition semantic web query rule, the semantic web query rule includes carbon emission, cost and sustainable index query rule and sustainable index less than the scheme query rule of preset value;

[0084] Step S5: according to the parameter corresponding to the basis data, the plurality of classes are valued, and according to the plurality of classes and the plurality of classes corresponding to the attributes and the cement-steel slag solidified soil evaluation index evaluation reasoning rule, the influence of the basis data to be evaluated on the sustainability of solidified soil is obtained.

[0085] The cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method based on ontology further includes a cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation system framework based on ontology, as Figure 3As shown, the sustainable evaluation system framework comprises a database layer, a knowledge base layer, and a user layer; the data layer obtains knowledge content of raw cement-steel slag solidified soil and analyzes, induces, and organizes the knowledge content to form knowledge entries input into a preset database to obtain knowledge data; the knowledge content includes steel slag-cement solidified agent production process, material performance, and energy information, etc.; the knowledge base layer converts knowledge data in the field into ontology models and related rules through a rule editor and stores the ontology models and related rules in the form of OWL files in a cement-steel slag solidified soil knowledge base for standby; the user layer can query reasoning and calculation results using a semantic query enhanced Web rule language (SQWRL) and screen and compare alternative schemes according to design requirements to obtain a design scheme meeting the requirements and an optimization direction; based on basic data of the cement-steel slag solidified soil knowledge base, classes of the ontology system are defined, and attribute relationships between the classes are established to obtain an ontology model of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, wherein the ontology model can define classes and hierarchical structures of the classes and can also define attributes of the classes. The attributes of the classes usually include two types, namely, Object property and Data property, the Object property defines relationships between classes, and the Data property represents data attributes of the classes; and the ontology model formulates evaluation index evaluation reasoning rules of the cement-steel slag solidified soil based on semantic web rules and defines semantic web query rules according to the evaluation index evaluation reasoning rules of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, assigns parameters corresponding to the basic data to the multiple classes, quantifies the evaluation indexes, and further obtains reasoning results of influences of the basic data on sustainability of the solidified soil.

[0086] In specific embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 The evaluation index ontology model corresponds to multiple classes, including a carbon emission amount class in a raw material production process of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, a production cost class of the cement-steel slag solidified agent, a solidified soil unconfined compressive strength class, and a sustainable index class.

[0087] The carbon emission amount class in the raw material production process of the cement-steel slag solidified soil includes a carbon emission amount class in a raw material production process, a carbon emission amount class in a material transportation process, a carbon emission amount class in a solidified agent preparation process, and a carbon emission amount class caused by avoiding steel slag landfill;

[0088] The production cost class of the cement-steel slag solidified agent includes a raw material cost class, a transportation cost class, a solidified agent preparation cost class, and a cost class of avoiding steel slag landfill;

[0089] The sustainable index class includes a sustainable environmental index class and a sustainable economic index class.

[0090] In specific embodiments, the production grade categories of the solidified agent preparation mainly include a basic flow category, a process category, and a product flow category;

[0091] The basic flow category includes two sub-categories: a resource category and an emission category;

[0092] The resource category includes energy and raw materials entering the production system from the natural environment; the energy includes diesel, coal, and electricity; the raw materials include cement and high-efficiency polymerization of ferric sulfate of lime BOFS;

[0093] The emission category includes emissions released from the production system into the air, water, or soil;

[0094] The process category includes the life cycle activities of products, which include production processes and transportation processes;

[0095] The product flow category includes output products from a certain production process or production system, which include carbonized steel slag and solidified agent.

[0096] In specific embodiments, the global warming potential (GWP) value, which is most emphasized by each industry, is selected as the environmental impact index;

[0097] The carbon emission calculation rules include carbon emission calculation rules in the raw material production process of cement-steel slag solidified soil, carbon emission calculation rules in the material transportation process, carbon emission calculation rules in the solidified agent preparation process, and carbon emission calculation rules for avoiding carbon emissions generated by steel slag landfill; the resource utilization of steel slag can avoid carbon emissions generated by steel slag landfill, which refers to the carbon emissions generated in the transportation process of steel slag to the landfill;

[0098] The total carbon emission calculation rule of the carbon emission is

[0099] CO2= CO 2-m + CO 2-p + CO 2-t -CO 2-a (1)

[0100] In the formula, CO 2-m represents the carbon dioxide equivalent generated in the raw material production process; CO 2-p represents the carbon dioxide equivalent generated in the solidified agent preparation process; CO 2-t represents the carbon dioxide equivalent generated in the material transportation process; and CO 2-a represents the carbon emissions avoided by steel slag landfill;

[0101] The carbon emission of material production only considers cement, and the calculation rule of the carbon emission in the raw material production process is

[0102] CO 2-m = W c × CO 2-mf (2)

[0103] In the formula, W c represents the cement consumption for solidifying 1 m 3 of soft soil, and the unit is t; CO 2-mf represents the carbon emission factor of cement production, and the unit is kg CO2 eq / t;

[0104] The carbon emission in the preparation process of the solidifying agent includes the carbon emission generated by electricity in the steel slag grinding and carbonization processes, and the carbon dioxide absorption amount of the steel slag, and the calculation rule is

[0105] CO 2-p = E g × CO 2-pf + E c × CO 2-pf - W s × CO2uptake (3)

[0106] In the formula, E g and E c respectively represent the electricity consumption in the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process, and the unit is kWh; CO 2-pf represents the electricity carbon emission factor, and the unit is kg CO2 eq / kWh; W s represents the steel slag consumption of the solidifying agent required for solidifying 1 m3 of soft soil, and the unit is t; CO2uptake represents the proportion of the carbon dioxide absorption amount of the steel slag in the steel slag consumption, and is measured by a thermogravimetric analysis test;

[0107] The calculation rule of the carbon emission in the material transportation process is

[0108]

[0109] In the formula, D i is the transportation distance of the i-th material, and the unit is km; W i represents the transportation amount of the i-th material, and the unit is kg; CO 2-ti represents the carbon dioxide equivalent emitted per ton of material transported 1 km, and the unit is kg CO2 eq / (t·km).

[0110] In specific embodiments, the economic index takes the production cost of the cement-steel slag solidifying agent as an influencing index, and the production cost calculation rule includes a raw material cost calculation rule, a transportation cost calculation rule, a solidifying agent preparation cost calculation rule, and a cost for avoiding steel slag landfill.

[0111] The raw material cost includes cement cost and steel slag cost;

[0112] The transportation cost includes the cost of transporting steel slag and cement to the plant;

[0113] The solidification agent preparation cost includes the electricity cost of steel slag grinding and carbonization;

[0114] The cost of avoiding steel slag landfill includes the cost of transporting steel slag to the landfill;

[0115] The total cost calculation rule of the cement-steel slag solidification agent production cost is

[0116] Cost = Cost m + Cost p + Cost t - Cost a (5)

[0117] In the formula, Cost m represents the raw material cost; Cost p represents the solidification agent preparation cost; Cost t represents the material transportation cost; and Cost a represents the cost of avoiding steel slag landfill.

[0118] The calculation rule of the raw material production cost is

[0119]

[0120] In the formula, W i represents the transportation amount of the i-th material, in kg; and Cost mi is the price of the i-th material per ton.

[0121] The calculation rule of the solidification agent preparation cost is

[0122] Cost p = E g × Cost pf + E c × Cost pf (7)

[0123] In the formula, E g and E c respectively represent the power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process, in kWh; Cost pf and Cost pf respectively represent the power price of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process.

[0124] The calculation rule of the material transportation cost is

[0125]

[0126] wherein D i is the transportation distance of the i-th material, in km; W i represents the transportation amount of the i-th material, in kg; Cost ti is the price of transporting 1 km of the i-th material per ton.

[0127] In specific embodiments, the performance index comprises the unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil;

[0128] The environmental index, the economic index, and the performance index are normalized based on pure cement solidified soil to obtain the sustainable index;

[0129] The sustainable index calculation rule comprises a sustainable environmental index calculation rule and a sustainable economic index calculation rule; and the lower the sustainable index, the better the sustainability of the solidified soil; if both index values are lower than 1, it indicates that the scheme has better sustainability than pure cement solidified soil, and can be used as a preliminary screening design scheme to provide decision-making reference for engineers;

[0130] The calculation rules of the sustainable environmental index and the sustainable economic index are

[0131]

[0132]

[0133] wherein SUI environment represents the sustainable environmental index of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil; CO2 represents the total carbon emission of the carbon emission; SUI economic represents the sustainable economic index of the steel slag-cement solidified soft soil; Cost represents the total cost of the production cost of the cement-steel slag solidifying agent; UCS represents the unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soft soil, which is obtained by mixing the steel slag-cement solidifying agent, the soft soil, and water according to the design ratio, and then measuring the unconfined compressive strength after a certain curing time.

[0134] Specifically, in order to realize the comprehensive decision analysis of steel slag-cement solidified soft soil, the system needs to have strong reasoning and calculation ability, therefore, the semantic web rule language (SWRL) is used to enhance its function, which is used for the calculation of carbon emissions, production cost and sustainability indicators of steel slag-cement solidified soft soil; SWRL can be combined with the elements defined in the ontology; there are usually four kinds of atoms in SWRL rules, which are: Class atoms; Individual Property atoms; Data ValuedProperty atoms; Built-in atoms, atoms are connected with “^”, reasoning and results are connected with “->”, and “?” is used to represent variables.

[0135] Specific implementation method: through the SWRL Tab plug-in in the protégé software platform to write rules, as shown in Table 1, the SWRL rules for calculating carbon emissions include total carbon emission calculation rules (rule 1) of the carbon emissions, carbon emission calculation rules (rule 2) in the production process of raw materials, carbon emission calculation rules (rule 3) in the material transportation process, carbon emission calculation rules (rule 4) in the preparation process of the curing agent, and carbon emission calculation rules (rule 5) to avoid carbon emissions generated by steel slag landfill;

[0136] Table 1. SWRL rules for calculating carbon emissions

[0137]

[0138]

[0139] Further, as shown in Table 2, the SWRL rules for calculating production cost obtained according to the plurality of classes formulated semantic web rules, including total cost calculation rules (rule 6) of the production cost of cement-steel slag curing agent, raw material cost calculation rules (rule 7), curing agent preparation cost calculation rules (rule 8) and transportation cost calculation rules (rule 9);

[0140] Table 2. SWRL rules for calculating production cost

[0141]

[0142]

[0143] Further, as shown in Table 3, the SWRL rules for calculating sustainable indicators obtained according to the plurality of classes formulated semantic web rules, the SWRL rules for calculating sustainable indicators include calculation rules (rule 10) of sustainable environmental indicators and calculation rules (rule 11) of sustainable economic indicators;

[0144] Table 3. SWRL rules for calculating sustainable indicators

[0145]

[0146] Further, the basic data is directly imported or manually added to each entity through the database, the rules are loaded through the SWRL Tab plug-in in the protégé software platform, the ontology model is associated with the SWRL rules, and the inference engine is run for rule reasoning calculation.

[0147] In specific embodiments, SQWRL is an extended ontology rule query language based on SWRL, compatible with the standard syntax of SWRL; after running the inference engine for rule reasoning calculation, as shown in Figures 5 to 6 , information query can be performed through the SQWRL TAB plug-in according to design requirements; as shown in Table 4, the query rules of carbon emissions, cost, sustainable environmental indicators, and sustainable economic indicators of each design scheme are shown; as shown in Table 5, the design scheme query rules of the sustainable indicators less than 1 are shown;

[0148] Table 4. SQWRL rules for querying carbon emissions, cost, and sustainable indicators

[0149]

[0150] Table 5. SQWRL rules for querying schemes with sustainable indicators less than 1

[0151]

[0152]

[0153] Each query rule can query the query carbon emissions, cost, and sustainable indicators under the corresponding basic data, and according to the SQWRL rules for querying schemes with sustainable indicators less than 1, the corresponding design scheme is queried, the basic data corresponding to the scheme with sustainable indicators less than 1 is quantitatively obtained, the carbon footprint and cost can be reduced under the premise of meeting the performance requirements of the stabilized soil, and intelligent stabilized soil decision design is realized.

[0154] Specifically, an example is described: through a stabilized soil actual case, the feasibility of cement-steel slag stabilized soil sustainable evaluation based on ontology is illustrated. As shown in Figure 4As shown in the example, the soft soil in this case was taken from a soft soil foundation in Dalian. The raw materials for the solidifying agent were 42.5R ordinary Portland cement and alkaline oxygen slag (BOFS). Four types of steel slag were prepared based on the fineness and pre-carbonization degree of the steel slag. The steel slag grinding equipment was a ball mill with a working efficiency of 20-25 t / h and a power of 1500 kW. Fine steel slag (FSS) was obtained by grinding coarse steel slag (CSS) in a ball mill for 1 hour. Since steel slag with a larger particle size is not conducive to the carbonation reaction, only FS was carbonized. FSS was mixed evenly with a certain amount of water and placed in a reaction vessel. Carbonation was carried out using CO2 with a concentration of 99.9% under a normal temperature and low pressure environment (temperature 25℃, pressure 0.2MPa). The carbonation time was set to 2 hours and 18 hours to obtain two types of steel slag: FSS-C-2h and FSS-C-18h. The prepared four types of steel slag powder were mixed with cement according to the design ratio in Table 6 to prepare a steel slag-cement solidifying agent. Table 7 shows the electricity consumption for cement production and curing agent preparation, and the carbon emission factors for heavy-duty fuel-powered truck transportation. Table 8 shows material prices and transportation information.

[0155] Table 6. Design parameters and 60-day unconfined compressive strength (UCS) of solidified soil 60d )

[0156]

[0157] Table 7. Carbon Emission Factors

[0158]

[0159] Table 8. Price and Transportation Information

[0160]

[0161] Based on the sample design in Table 6, create entities in the ontology model and input information such as material usage, transportation distance, and power consumption as data attributes into each entity. Enter the rules from Tables 1 to 3 into the SWRL plugin. After execution, the system will automatically generate new facts, such as... Figure 3 As shown.

[0162] Designers can also input rule language in the SQWRL TAB plugin to query specific results according to design requirements. Table 5 shows the SQWRL rules for querying carbon emissions, costs, sustainable environmental indicators, and sustainable economic indicators for each scheme. The query results are as follows: Figures 5 to 7 As shown.

[0163] Applying the SQWRL rules in Table 6, we obtained schemes where both the sustainable environmental index and the sustainable economic index were less than 1. The results are as follows: Figure 8 As shown, where UCS represents unconfined compressive strength, and SUI... environment SUI represents sustainable environmental indicators.economic Sustainable economic indicators are represented, and it can be seen that the cement-steel slag solidified soil with a lower steel slag content has better sustainability than the pure cement solidified soil, and the SUI of S-FSS-C-18h-10 is 0.818 Environment and the SUI of S-FSS-C-18h-10 is 0.854 Economic The minimum is 0.818 and 0.854, which shows that the scheme has the best sustainability.

[0164] The cement-steel slag solidified soil sustainable evaluation method provided by the present application verifies the feasibility of carbonized steel slag as a green soft soil reinforcement material from the aspects of environmental impact, production cost and strength, and makes up for the design defects of the current single indicator of solidified soil performance. The ontology system based on the protégé software is simple to operate, and even designers who do not master the ontology representation language can realize the construction and reasoning of the knowledge base, obtain the optimal design and optimization direction from the macro perspective, and help to improve the work efficiency of designers. The scientificity and practicality of the system are further verified through engineering examples. The ontology and SWRL rules are combined to quantify each evaluation index, which helps designers to understand the influence of materials and processes on the sustainability of solidified soil.

[0165] Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: it can still modify the technical solutions recorded in the foregoing embodiments, or make equivalent replacement to part or all of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for sustainable assessment of cement-steel slag solidified soil based on ontology, characterized in that, The application relates to a cement-steel slag solidified soil evaluation method based on ontology and semantic web rules. The method comprises the following steps: Step S1: setting cement-steel slag solidified soil basic data, wherein the basic data comprises raw material consumption, raw material transportation distance, steel slag powder grinding grade of a solidified agent and carbonization grade; The basic data further comprises energy consumption, carbon emission and cost in a solidified agent preparation stage; Step S2: setting cement-steel slag solidified soil evaluation indexes according to the basic data, wherein the evaluation indexes comprise environmental indexes, economic indexes, performance indexes and sustainable indexes; According to the evaluation indexes, a plurality of classes corresponding to an ontology model are defined, and attribute corresponding to the plurality of classes comprises object attribute and data type attribute; The object attribute is used for defining the relationship between classes; The data type attribute is used for qualitatively or quantitatively describing the entity properties of the classes, and the entity properties comprise material weight, strength, carbon emission, price and energy information; The evaluation indexes define the plurality of classes corresponding to the ontology model, comprising a carbon emission amount class in a raw material production process of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, a production cost class of a cement-steel slag solidified agent, a solidified soil unconfined compressive strength class and a sustainable index class; The carbon emission amount class in the raw material production process of the cement-steel slag solidified soil comprises a carbon emission amount class in a raw material production process, a carbon emission amount class in a material transportation process, a carbon emission amount class in a solidified agent preparation process and a carbon emission amount class caused by avoiding steel slag landfill; The production cost class of the cement-steel slag solidified agent comprises a raw material cost class, a transportation cost class, a solidified agent preparation cost class and a cost class caused by avoiding steel slag landfill; The sustainable index class comprises a sustainable environmental index class and a sustainable economic index class; The production grade class of the solidified agent preparation cost class comprises a basic flow class, a process class and a product flow class; The basic flow class comprises two subclasses: a resource class and an emission class; The resource class comprises energy and raw materials entering a production system from a natural environment; the energy comprises diesel, coal and electricity; and the raw materials comprise cement and high-efficiency polymeric road ferric chloride BOFS; The emission class comprises emissions released from the production system into air, water or soil; The process class comprises product life cycle activities, and the life cycle activities comprise production processes and transportation processes; The product flow class comprises output products from a certain production process or production system, and the output products comprise carbonized steel slag and a solidified agent; Step S3: adopting semantic web rules to formulate cement-steel slag solidified soil evaluation index evaluation reasoning rules, and the evaluation rules comprise carbon emission calculation rules, cost calculation rules and sustainable index calculation rules; Step S4: defining semantic web query rules according to the cement-steel slag solidified soil evaluation index evaluation reasoning rules, and the semantic web query rules comprise carbon emission, cost and sustainable index query rules and a scheme query rule of a sustainable index being less than a preset value. Step S5: according to the parameters corresponding to the basic data, the plurality of classes are valued, according to the plurality of classes after the valuation and the attributes corresponding to the plurality of classes and the evaluation index of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, the evaluation rule is evaluated, and the influence of the basic data to be evaluated on the sustainability of the solidified soil is obtained.

2. A method for sustainable assessment of an ontology-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environmental index takes carbon emission as an index of environmental impact. The carbon emission calculation rule includes carbon emission calculation rules in the raw material production process of the cement-steel slag solidified soil, carbon emission calculation rules in the material transportation process, carbon emission calculation rules in the solidified agent preparation process, and carbon emission calculation rules for avoiding carbon emission generated by steel slag landfill. The total carbon emission calculation rule of the carbon emission is （1） wherein, represents the carbon dioxide equivalent produced in the raw material production process; represents the carbon dioxide equivalent produced in the curing agent preparation process; represents the carbon dioxide equivalent produced in the material transportation process; represents the carbon emissions avoided by avoiding landfilling of steel slag; The carbon emission calculation rule in the raw material production process is （2） wherein represents the cement consumption for solidifying 1 m 3 cement consumption for solidifying 1 m represents the carbon emission factor for cement production, in kg CO2eq / t; The carbon emission in the solidified agent preparation process includes carbon emission generated by electricity in the steel slag grinding and carbonization process, and the carbon dioxide absorption amount of the steel slag, and the calculation rule is （3） In the formula, and respectively represent the power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonation process, unit: kWh; represents the power carbon emission factor, unit: kg CO2eq / kWh; represents the solidification of 1m 3 The amount of steel slag required for the solidification agent of soft soil, unit: t; represents the proportion of carbon dioxide absorption of steel slag in the amount of steel slag; The calculation rule of the carbon emission in the material transportation process is （4） wherein is the distance of transportation of the material in km; is the amount of the material transported in kg; is the amount of the material transported in kg; is the amount of the material transported in kg; is the amount of CO2 equivalent emitted per ton of material transported 1 km in kg CO2 eq / (t · km).

3. A method for sustainable assessment of an ontology-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The economic index takes the production cost of the cement-steel slag solidified agent as an impact index, and the production cost calculation rule includes raw material cost calculation rule, transportation cost calculation rule, solidified agent preparation cost calculation rule, and cost of avoiding steel slag landfill. The raw material cost includes the cost of cement and steel slag; The transportation cost includes the cost of transporting steel slag and cement to the factory; The solidified agent preparation cost includes the electricity cost of steel slag grinding and carbonization; The cost of avoiding steel slag landfill includes the transportation cost of steel slag to the landfill; The total cost calculation rule of the production cost of the cement-steel slag solidified agent is （5） wherein, represents raw material cost; represents curing agent preparation cost; represents material transportation cost; represents cost of avoiding steel slag landfill; The raw material production cost calculation rule is （6） In the formula, represents the transport amount of the first kind of material, in kg; represents the price of the first kind of material per ton; The solidified agent preparation cost calculation rule is （7） In the formula, and respectively represent the power consumption of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process, unit: kWh; and respectively represent the power price of the steel slag grinding process and the carbonization process. The material transportation cost calculation rule is （8） In the formula, For the first The transportation distance of the material, in km; Indicates the first The transport volume of the material, in kg; For each ton The price for transporting a certain material 1km.

4. A method for sustainable assessment of an ontology-based cement-steel slag solidified soil according to claim 1, characterized in that, The performance index includes the unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soil; The environmental index, economic index and performance index are normalized based on pure cement solidified soil to obtain the sustainable index; The sustainable index calculation rule includes sustainable environmental index calculation rule and sustainable economic index calculation rule; The calculation rule of the sustainable environmental index and the sustainable economic index is (9) (10) wherein represents a sustainable environmental index of steel slag-cement solidified soft soil; represents a total carbon emission of the carbon emission; represents a sustainable economic index of steel slag-cement solidified soft soil; represents a total cost of a production cost of the cement-steel slag solidifying agent; represents an unconfined compressive strength of the solidified soft soil.

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