Antenna structure and electronic device

Abstract

An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device, the antenna structure comprising: a printed circuit board PCB, the PCB comprising a first dielectric board, a second dielectric board, and a third dielectric board, wherein the second dielectric board is arranged between the first dielectric board and the third dielectric board. A first radiator, a second radiator, and a third radiator are arranged on the first dielectric board, and a fourth radiator, a fifth radiator, and a sixth radiator are arranged on the third dielectric board. A first feeding point is arranged on the first radiator, and a second feeding point is arranged on the fourth radiator. The phase difference between the electrical signal of the first feeding point and the electrical signal of the second feeding point is (180°±45°) to form a first antenna unit. A seventh radiator is arranged on the second dielectric board, and a third feeding point is arranged on the seventh radiator to form a second antenna unit. The operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be adjacent or the same frequency, and have high isolation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wireless communications, and in particular to an antenna structure and electronic equipment. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of key technologies such as curved and flexible screens, electronic devices, especially mobile phones, are trending towards thinner and lighter industrial designs with extreme screen-to-body ratios. This design significantly compresses antenna space. Furthermore, the increasing demand for certain electronic features, such as photography, has led to an increase in the number and size of cameras, further increasing the complexity of overall antenna design. In this environment, designing multiple-input, multiple-output (MIMO) antenna systems often faces space constraints. Alternatively, using traditional designs in compact spaces can result in poor system isolation or envelope correlation coefficient (ECC), making it difficult to meet the performance requirements of communication bands. Currently, the communication bands of electronic devices will likely coexist for a long time, encompassing third-generation wireless systems (3G), fourth-generation wireless systems (4G), and fifth-generation wireless systems (5G). This will increase the number of antennas, cover wider frequency bands, and significantly impact each other. Given these changes, suppressing coupling between multiple antennas in electronic devices has become a pressing issue. Summary of the Invention

[0003] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure including a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch, a third radiation patch, a fourth radiation patch, a fifth radiation patch and a sixth radiation patch arranged on a dielectric board in a PCB. Different feeding methods are used to enable the antenna structure to operate simultaneously in multiple identical or different operating frequency bands while maintaining good isolation, so that a larger number of antenna structures can be arranged in the increasingly compact internal space of electronic devices, thereby improving user experience.

[0004] In a first aspect, an antenna structure is provided, comprising: a printed circuit board PCB, comprising a first dielectric plate, a second dielectric plate, a third dielectric plate, a first connector, a second connector and a third connector; a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit; wherein the second dielectric plate is arranged between the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate; a first radiator, a second radiator and a third radiator are arranged on the first dielectric plate, and the first radiator is arranged between the second radiator and the third radiator; a fourth radiator, a fifth radiator and a sixth radiator are arranged on the third dielectric plate, and the fourth radiator is arranged between the fifth radiator and the sixth radiator; one end of the first connector is electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator, and the other end of the first connector is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth radiator; one end of the second connector is electrically connected to the first end of the second radiator, and the other end of the second connector is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth radiator; One end of the connector is electrically connected to the first end of the third radiator, and the other end of the third connector is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth radiator; the projections of the first radiator and the fourth radiator in the first direction at least partially overlap, the projections of the second radiator and the fifth radiator in the first direction at least partially overlap, and the projections of the third radiator and the sixth radiator in the first direction at least partially overlap, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the first dielectric plate; a seventh radiator is provided on the second dielectric plate, and the first end of the seventh radiator is electrically connected to the first connector; the first antenna unit includes a first feeding point and a second feeding point, the first feeding point is provided on the first radiator, and the second feeding point is provided on the fourth radiator; the phase difference between the electrical signal of the first feeding point and the electrical signal of the second feeding point is (180°±45°); the second antenna unit includes a third feeding point, and the third feeding point is provided on the seventh radiator.

[0005] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna unit is fed with an electrical signal with a phase difference of (180°±45°) through a first feeding point provided on the first radiator and a second feeding point provided on the fourth radiator to generate a radiated electromagnetic wave. The second radiator, the third radiator, the fifth radiator and the sixth radiator serve as parasitic branches to expand the working bandwidth of the first antenna unit. The second antenna unit is fed with an electrical signal through a third feeding point provided on the seventh radiator to generate a radiated electromagnetic wave. The first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are fed in different ways so that the polarization mode of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first antenna unit and the polarization mode of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna unit are orthogonal, so as to reduce the mutual coupling between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit and improve the isolation between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit.

[0006] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the antenna structure further includes a third antenna unit; the third antenna unit includes a fourth feeding point and a fifth feeding point, the fourth feeding point and the fifth feeding point are located on a feeding branch provided on the second dielectric board, the first end of the feeding branch is electrically connected to the first position of the second connecting member, and the second end of the feeding branch is electrically connected to the second position of the third connecting member; the phase difference between the electrical signal at the first position and the electrical signal at the second position is (180°±45°).

[0007] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit use different feeding methods to make the polarization mode of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first antenna unit, the polarization mode of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna unit and the polarization mode of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the third antenna unit orthogonal to each other, so as to reduce the mutual coupling between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit and improve the isolation between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit.

[0008] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first antenna unit further includes a first feed source and a first feeding element, and the second antenna unit further includes a second feed source; the first feed source is electrically connected to the first feeding element; the first end of the first feeding element is electrically connected to the first radiator at the first feeding point; the second end of the first feed element is electrically connected to the fourth radiator at the second feeding point; and the second feed source is electrically connected to the seventh radiator at the third feeding point.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, when the first feed source feeds power, the current on the first radiator and the current on the fourth radiator are antisymmetric along a second direction, where the second direction is the extension direction of the first radiator.

[0010] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, when the second feed source feeds power, the current on the first radiator and the current on the seventh radiator flow along a second direction, and the second direction is the extension direction of the first radiator.

[0011] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the currents on the first radiator and the fourth radiator are antisymmetrically distributed along the second direction, the direction of the electric field is directed from the fourth radiator to the first radiator, for example, in the z direction. Therefore, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first antenna unit is the same as the direction of the electric field, that is, the z direction. When the third feeding point is fed, the second antenna unit forms a dipole antenna, and its electric field is in the same direction as the current. Therefore, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna unit is the same as the direction of the electric field, that is, the x direction. Since the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first antenna unit is in the z direction, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna unit is in the x direction. Therefore, the polarization direction of the first antenna unit is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the second antenna unit, the mutual coupling between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is low, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have good isolation.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the third antenna unit includes a third feed source; the third feed source and the feed branch are electrically connected at the fourth feeding point and the fifth feeding point.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, when the third feed source feeds power, the current on the second radiator and the current on the third radiator are antisymmetric along a second direction, and the second direction is the extension direction of the first radiator.

[0014] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, when the third feed source is fed, the third antenna unit forms a dipole-like antenna, with its radiator extending in the y direction, the two ends of the radiator bent in the x direction, and its electric field being in the same direction as the current. Therefore, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the third antenna unit is in the y direction. Since the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first antenna unit is in the z direction, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna unit is in the x direction, and the direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the third antenna unit is in the y direction. Therefore, the polarization direction of the first antenna unit and the polarization direction of the second antenna unit are orthogonal to the polarization direction of the third antenna unit, the mutual coupling between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit is low, and there is good isolation between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the third antenna unit further includes a balun, the first end of the balun is electrically connected to the feed branch at the fourth feeding point, the second end of the balun is electrically connected to the feed branch at the fifth feeding point, and the third end of the balun is electrically connected to the third feed source.

[0016] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, the balun can be used to achieve a phase difference of (180°±45°) between the electrical signal at the first position and the electrical signal at the second position when the third feed source feeds the electrical signal at the fourth feed point. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the balun, and baluns of different structures can be selected according to different production or design requirements.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the second dielectric plate includes a first surface and a second surface arranged opposite to each other; the seventh radiator includes a first branch, a second branch and a third branch; the first branch and the third branch are arranged on the first surface, and the first end of the first branch is electrically connected to the first connecting member; the second end of the first branch and the first end of the third branch are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, and form a first gap; the second branch is arranged on the second surface, the first end of the second branch is electrically connected to the second end of the first branch, and the second end of the second branch is electrically connected to the first end of the third branch; the feeding branch is arranged on the first surface and passes through the first gap.

[0018] According to the technical solution of the embodiments of the present application, because the seventh radiator extends in a non-parallel direction to the feed branch, when the seventh radiator and the feed branch are arranged on the same surface of the second dielectric plate, the seventh radiator and the feed branch may intersect, resulting in a short circuit and preventing electrical signal transmission. The air bridge structure can prevent this intersection between the seventh radiator and the feed branch, ensuring good electrical signal transmission.

[0019] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the third feeding point is set on the second branch.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the feeding branch includes a fourth branch, a fifth branch and a sixth branch; the first end of the fourth branch is electrically connected to the first position of the second connecting member; the second end of the sixth branch is electrically connected to the second position of the third connecting member; the first end of the fifth branch is opposite to the second end of the fourth branch and does not contact each other, the first end of the fifth branch is provided with at least one first protrusion, the second end of the fourth branch is provided with at least one first recess, the at least one first protrusion and the at least one first recess correspond one-to-one, and the at least one first protrusion and the at least one first recess form a second gap; the second end of the fifth branch is opposite to the first end of the sixth branch and is in complementary contact, the second end of the fifth branch is provided with at least one second protrusion, the first end of the sixth branch is provided with at least one second recess, the at least one second protrusion and the at least one second recess correspond one-to-one, and the at least one second protrusion and the at least one second recess form a third gap.

[0021] According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the second and third slots can be used to change the resonant frequency of the third antenna unit. For example, as the width of the second slot (the distance between the first protrusion and the corresponding first recess) and the width of the third slot (the distance between the second protrusion and the corresponding second recess) increase, the resonant frequency of the third antenna unit shifts toward higher frequencies. As the length of the second and third slots increases, the resonant frequency of the third antenna unit shifts toward lower frequencies.

[0022] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the fourth feeding point and the fifth feeding point are arranged on the fifth branch.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the first connecting member includes at least one metal connecting column or metal connecting hole.

[0024] According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, a metal connecting post can be understood as a through-hole provided on the dielectric board between the first and fourth radiators, with metal filled into the through-hole to form a metal connecting post. A metal connecting hole can be understood as a through-hole provided on the dielectric board between the first and fourth radiators, with a metal layer provided on the inner wall of the through-hole to form a metal connecting hole. It should be understood that both the metal connecting post and the metal connecting hole are one way to achieve a good electrical connection between the first and fourth radiators, and other methods can also be used to achieve this, and the embodiments of the present application are not limited to this.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the first radiator and the fourth radiator have the same shape.

[0026] According to the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the first and fourth radiators can have the same shape, and the projections of the first and fourth radiators in the first direction at least completely overlap. In one embodiment, the second and fifth radiators can have the same shape, and the projections of the second and fifth radiators in the first direction at least completely overlap. In one embodiment, the third and sixth radiators can have the same shape, and the projections of the third and sixth radiators in the first direction at least completely overlap. It should be understood that increasing the symmetry of the antenna structure can improve the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the PCB is provided with a metal layer; the metal layer does not overlap with the projections of the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, the fifth radiator and the sixth radiator in the first direction.

[0028] According to the technical solution of the embodiment of the present application, in actual applications, multiple electronic components and circuits of the electronic device can also be set on the PCB. In order to ensure that the antenna structure has a good radiation environment, the antenna structure can be set at the edge of the PCB to avoid interference with the antenna structure by electronic components and circuits.

[0029] In a second aspect, an electronic device is provided, comprising the antenna structure described in any one of the first aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0030] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the architecture of a mobile communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] Figure 2 3D is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] Figure 3 1 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application along line AA.

[0033] Figure 4 1 is a top view of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Figure 5 It is a bottom view of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Figure 6 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of current distribution when power is fed to the first feeding point and the second feeding point provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0037] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of current distribution when feeding from the third feeding point provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0038] Figure 9 yes Figure 2 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown.

[0039] Figure 10 yes Figure 2 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0040] Figure 11 yes Figure 2 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source.

[0041] Figure 12 yes Figure 2 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source.

[0042] Figure 13 1 is a structural diagram of another antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] Figure 14 It is a structural diagram of the third antenna unit provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] Figure 15 It is a structural schematic diagram of the seventh radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] Figure 16 It is a structural diagram of the feeding branch provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] Figure 17 yes Figure 13 Schematic diagram of current distribution when feeding the fourth feeding point of the antenna structure shown.

[0047] Figure 18 yes Figure 13 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown.

[0048] Figure 19 yes Figure 13 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0049] Figure 20 yes Figure 13 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source.

[0050] Figure 21 yes Figure 13 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source.

[0051] Figure 22 yes Figure 13The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source.

[0052] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of another antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0053] Figure 24 yes Figure 23 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown.

[0054] Figure 25 yes Figure 23 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0055] Figure 26 yes Figure 23 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source.

[0056] Figure 27 yes Figure 23 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source.

[0057] Figure 28 yes Figure 23 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source.

[0058] Figure 29 It is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] Figure 30 1 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application along the x-direction.

[0060] Figure 31 yes Figure 29 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown.

[0061] Figure 32 yes Figure 29 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0062] Figure 33 yes Figure 29 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source.

[0063] Figure 34 yes Figure 29 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source.

[0064] Figure 35 yes Figure 29 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source.

[0065] Figure 361 is a structural diagram of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, including a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit.

[0066] Figure 37 yes Figure 36 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown.

[0067] Figure 38 yes Figure 36 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0068] Figure 39 yes Figure 36 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source.

[0069] Figure 40 yes Figure 36 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source.

[0070] Figure 41 1 is a structural diagram of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application, including a second antenna unit and a third antenna unit.

[0071] Figure 42 yes Figure 41 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown.

[0072] Figure 43 yes Figure 41 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown.

[0073] Figure 44 yes Figure 41 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source.

[0074] Figure 45 yes Figure 41 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0075] The following explains the terms that may appear in the embodiments of the present application.

[0076] Coupling: can be understood as direct coupling and / or indirect coupling, and "coupling connection" can be understood as direct coupling connection and / or indirect coupling connection. Direct coupling can also be referred to as "electrical connection", which is understood as the physical contact and electrical conduction between components; it can also be understood as the form in which different components in the circuit structure are connected through physical lines such as printed circuit board (PCB) copper foil or wires that can transmit electrical signals; "indirect coupling" can be understood as two conductors being electrically conductive in an airless / non-contact manner. In one embodiment, indirect coupling can also be referred to as capacitive coupling, for example, signal transmission is achieved by forming an equivalent capacitance through coupling between the gap between two conductive parts.

[0077] Connection / connected: can refer to a mechanical connection relationship or a physical connection relationship. For example, A and B are connected or A and B are connected can mean that there is a fastening component (such as a screw, bolt, rivet, etc.) between A and B, or A and B are in contact with each other and A and B are difficult to separate.

[0078] Connection: The process of making two or more components conductive or connected to each other for signal / energy transmission through the above-mentioned "electrical connection" or "indirect coupling" can be called connection.

[0079] Relative / relative setting: The relative setting of A and B may refer to A and B being face to face (opposite to, or face to face).

[0080] Capacitance: This can be understood as lumped capacitance and / or distributed capacitance. Lumped capacitance refers to capacitive components, such as capacitors; distributed capacitance (or distributed capacitance) refers to the equivalent capacitance formed by two conductive parts separated by a certain gap.

[0081] Resonance / Resonant Frequency: Resonant frequency is also called resonant frequency. It refers to the frequency at which the imaginary part of the antenna's input impedance is zero. Resonant frequency can have a frequency range, i.e., the frequency range in which resonance occurs. The frequency corresponding to the strongest resonance point is the center frequency minus the point frequency. The return loss characteristic at the center frequency can be less than -20dB.

[0082] Resonance frequency band / communication frequency band / operating frequency band: Regardless of the type of antenna, it always operates within a certain frequency range (bandwidth). For example, an antenna that supports the B40 frequency band operates between 2300MHz and 2400MHz, or in other words, the antenna's operating frequency band includes the B40 frequency band. The frequency range that meets the required specifications can be considered the antenna's operating frequency band.

[0083] Electrical length: It can refer to the ratio of physical length (i.e. mechanical length or geometric length) to the wavelength of the transmitted electromagnetic wave. The electrical length can satisfy the following formula:

[0084]

[0085] Where L is the physical length and λ is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave.

[0086] In some embodiments of the present application, the physical length of the radiator can be understood as ±10% of the electrical length of the radiator.

[0087] Wavelength: Or operating wavelength, this can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the resonant frequency or the center frequency of the operating frequency band supported by the antenna. For example, if the center frequency of the B1 uplink frequency band (resonant frequency 1920MHz to 1980MHz) is 1955MHz, the operating wavelength can be the wavelength calculated using 1955MHz. "Operating wavelength" is not limited to the center frequency; it can also refer to the wavelength corresponding to a non-center frequency of the resonant frequency or operating frequency band.

[0088] The limitations on position and distance such as the middle or intermediate position mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are all based on the current technological level, rather than being absolutely strict definitions in a mathematical sense. For example, the middle (position) of the conductor can be a conductor portion on the conductor including the midpoint, or a conductor portion of one-eighth of the wavelength including the midpoint of the conductor, wherein the wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the working frequency band of the antenna, the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the working frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the resonance point. For another example, the middle (position) of the conductor can be a conductor portion on the conductor that is less than a predetermined threshold (for example, 1 mm, 2 mm, or 2.5 mm) from the midpoint.

[0089] The limitations such as collinearity, coaxiality, coplanarity, symmetry (for example, axisymmetry, or center symmetry, etc.), parallelism, perpendicularity, and sameness (for example, same length, same width, etc.) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are all for the current level of technology, rather than absolutely strict definitions in a mathematical sense. There may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold value (for example, 1 mm, 0.5 m, or 0.1 mm) in the line width direction between two collinear radiating branches or the edges of two antenna units. There may be a deviation of less than a predetermined threshold value (for example, 1 mm, 0.5 m, or 0.1 mm) in the direction perpendicular to their coplanar planes between two coplanar radiating branches or the edges of two antenna units. There may be a deviation of a predetermined angle (for example, ±5°, ±10°) between two antenna units that are parallel or perpendicular to each other.

[0090] Antenna system efficiency (total efficiency): refers to the ratio of input power to output power at the antenna port.

[0091] Antenna radiation efficiency refers to the ratio of the power radiated by an antenna into space (i.e., the power effectively converted into electromagnetic waves) to the active power input to the antenna. Active power input to the antenna = antenna input power minus power loss; power loss primarily includes return loss and metal ohmic loss and / or dielectric loss. Radiation efficiency measures the antenna's radiation capability, and both metal loss and dielectric loss contribute to it.

[0092] Those skilled in the art will understand that efficiency is generally expressed as a percentage, which has a corresponding conversion relationship with dB. The closer the efficiency is to 0 dB, the better the efficiency of the antenna.

[0093] Antenna return loss: This can be understood as the ratio of the signal power reflected back to the antenna port by the antenna circuit to the antenna port's transmitted power. The smaller the reflected signal, the larger the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the greater the antenna's radiation efficiency. The larger the reflected signal, the smaller the signal radiated from the antenna into space, and the lower the antenna's radiation efficiency.

[0094] Antenna return loss can be expressed using the S11 parameter, a type of S parameter. S11 represents the reflection coefficient and characterizes the antenna's transmission efficiency. The S11 parameter is typically negative. A smaller S11 parameter indicates lower antenna return loss and less energy reflected back from the antenna itself, meaning more energy actually enters the antenna and higher system efficiency. A larger S11 parameter indicates greater antenna return loss and lower system efficiency.

[0095] It should be noted that in engineering, an S11 value of -4dB is generally used as a standard. When the S11 value of an antenna is less than -6dB, it can be considered that the antenna can work normally, or the antenna can be considered to have good transmission efficiency.

[0096] The same operating frequency band (also referred to as same frequency) mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be understood as any of the following situations:

[0097] The operating frequency band of the first antenna unit and the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit include the same communication frequency band. In one embodiment, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit both serve as sub-units in a MIMO antenna system. For example, the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit and the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit both include the sub-6GHz band of 5G.

[0098] The operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit partially overlap. For example, the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit includes LTE B35 (1.85-1.91 GHz), and the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit includes LTE B39 (1.88-1.92 GHz).

[0099] The adjacent operating frequency bands mentioned in this application can be understood as:

[0100] In the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, the distance between the starting frequency of the higher frequency band and the ending frequency of the lower frequency band is less than 10% of the center frequency of the higher frequency band. For example, if the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit includes B3 (1.71-1.785 GHz) in LTE and the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit includes L1 (1578.42±1.023 MHz) in GPS, and B3 (1.71-1.785 GHz) and L1 (1578.42±1.023 MHz) are adjacent frequency bands, the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be considered adjacent. Or, for example, if the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit includes B40 (2.3-2.4 GHz) in LTE and the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit includes the BT band (2.4-2.485 GHz), and B40 (2.3-2.4 GHz) and the BT band (2.4-2.485 GHz) are adjacent frequency bands, the operating frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be considered adjacent.

[0101] Antenna polarization direction: At a given point in space, the electric field strength E (vector) is a unary function of time t. As time passes, the endpoints of the vector periodically trace a trajectory in space. If the trajectory is perpendicular to the ground, it is called vertical polarization. If it is horizontal to the ground, it is called horizontal polarization.

[0102] Ground (floor): can generally refer to at least a portion of any grounding layer, grounding plate, or grounding metal layer in an electronic device (such as a mobile phone), or at least a portion of any combination of any of the above grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding components, etc. "Ground" can be used for grounding components in an electronic device. In one embodiment, "ground" can be the grounding layer of a circuit board of an electronic device, or it can be the grounding plate formed by the middle frame of the electronic device, or the grounding metal layer formed by the metal film under the screen. In one embodiment, the circuit board can be a printed circuit board (PCB), such as an 8-layer, 10-layer, or 12 to 14-layer board having 8, 10, 12, 13, or 14 layers of conductive material, or an element separated and electrically insulated by a dielectric layer or insulating layer such as fiberglass, polymer, etc. In one embodiment, the circuit board includes a dielectric substrate, a grounding layer, and a routing layer, and the routing layer and the grounding layer are electrically connected through vias. In one embodiment, components such as a display, touch screen, input buttons, transmitter, processor, memory, battery, charging circuit, and system-on-chip (SoC) structures can be mounted on or connected to a circuit board, or electrically connected to a trace layer and / or ground layer in the circuit board. For example, a radio frequency source can be located on a trace layer.

[0103] Any of the above-mentioned grounding layers, grounding plates, or grounding metal layers are made of a conductive material. In one embodiment, the conductive material can be any of the following: copper, aluminum, stainless steel, brass, and alloys thereof, copper foil on an insulating substrate, aluminum foil on an insulating substrate, gold foil on an insulating substrate, silver-plated copper, silver-plated copper foil on an insulating substrate, silver foil and tin-plated copper on an insulating substrate, cloth impregnated with graphite powder, a graphite-coated substrate, a copper-plated substrate, a brass-plated substrate, and an aluminum-plated substrate. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the grounding layer / grounding plate / grounding metal layer can also be made of other conductive materials.

[0104] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0105] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the architecture of a mobile communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application.

[0106] like Figure 1 As shown, the mobile communication system 10 may include at least one network device 11 , at least one customer premise equipment (CPE) 12 and at least one user equipment (UE) 13 . Figure 1 This is just a schematic diagram. The communication system may also include other network devices, such as wireless relay devices and wireless backhaul devices. Figure 1The embodiments of the present application do not limit the number and specific types of network devices and UEs included in the mobile communication system.

[0107] The UE13 in the embodiment of the present application may refer to a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a smart bracelet, a smart watch, a smart helmet, smart glasses, etc. The electronic device may also be a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a wireless local loop (WLL) station, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, an in-vehicle device, an electronic device in a 5G network, or an electronic device in a future evolved public land mobile network (PLMN), etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto. The technical solution provided in the embodiments of the present application is applicable to UE13 that adopts one or more of the following communication technologies: Bluetooth (BT) communication technology, global positioning system (GPS) communication technology, wireless fidelity (WiFi) communication technology, global system for mobile communications (GSM) communication technology, wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) communication technology, long term evolution (LTE) communication technology, 5G communication technology and other future communication technologies.

[0108] The network device 11 in the embodiment of the present application can be a device for communicating with a terminal device. The network device can be a network device (base transceiver station, BTS) in a GSM system or code division multiple access (code division multiple access, CDMA), or a network device (nodeB, NB) in a WCDMA system, or an evolved network device (evolutional nodeB, eNB or eNodeB) in an LTE system, or the network device can be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a network device in a future 5G network (new generation nodeB, gNB or gNodeB) or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network, as well as subsequent network devices that support the third generation partnership project (3GPP) protocol version, etc., and the embodiment of the present application is not limited.

[0109] It should be understood that CPE 12 can connect user device 13 to the Internet by receiving cellular network signals sent by network device 11 and transmitting the cellular network signals to user device 13. For example, CPE 102 can convert 2G / 3G / 4G / 5G signals transmitted by network device 11 into WiFi signals to connect user device 13 to the Internet.

[0110] As more and more communication standards are being released for civilian use, the number of standards that a single electronic device must comply with is also increasing, and the number of antennas required is correspondingly increasing. Generally, the closer the operating frequencies of these antennas are to each other and the closer they are physically placed, the more severe the coupling between them and the poorer the isolation. Excessively low isolation can degrade channel quality, reduce communication speeds, and even cause malfunctions. To ensure that each communication standard can operate effectively and without interfering with each other, isolation between antennas is paramount.

[0111] When adjacent antennas operate in different frequency bands, filters are connected to the back end of the antennas to suppress out-of-band signals and improve isolation in order to suppress cross-frequency interference. However, this method places very stringent requirements on filter performance when the operating frequency bands of the antennas are close and the coupling between the antennas is high.

[0112] When the operating frequency bands of adjacent antennas include the same communication frequency band, multiple antennas operate simultaneously at the same frequency. This technology is called multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) technology. In this scenario, multiple antennas will simultaneously cover the required communication frequency band, and each antenna can provide an independent channel. In theory, this method can increase the communication channel capacity exponentially. However, the performance of this technology in practical applications is limited by factors such as coupling between antennas and the environment around the antennas. Coupling between antenna units will significantly reduce the performance of the final MIMO system. Therefore, for MIMO systems operating at the same frequency, coupling suppression between antennas is also crucial.

[0113] An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure and an electronic device. The antenna structure includes a first radiation patch, a second radiation patch, a third radiation patch, a fourth radiation patch, a fifth radiation patch, and a sixth radiation patch arranged on a dielectric board in a PCB. Different feeding methods are used to enable the antenna structure to operate simultaneously in multiple identical or different operating frequency bands while maintaining good isolation, so that a larger number of antenna structures can be arranged in the increasingly compact internal space of the electronic device, thereby improving the user experience.

[0114] Figures 2 to 6 Schematic diagram of the antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 2 3D is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the antenna structure 100. Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of the antenna structure 100 along line AA. Figure 4 is a top view of the antenna structure 100 . Figure 5 is a bottom view of the antenna structure 100 . Figure 6 is a structural diagram of the antenna structure 100 .

[0115] like Figure 2 As shown, the antenna structure 100 includes a PCB 110 , and the PCB 110 includes a first dielectric plate 111 , a second dielectric plate 112 , a third dielectric plate 113 , a first connector 121 , a second connector 122 and a third connector 123 .

[0116] The second dielectric plate 112 is disposed between the first dielectric plate 111 and the third dielectric plate 113. Figure 3 The first dielectric plate 111 is provided with a first radiator 131, a second radiator 132 and a third radiator 133, and the first radiator 131 is provided between the second radiator 132 and the third radiator 133, as shown. Figure 4The third dielectric plate 113 is provided with a fourth radiator 134, a fifth radiator 135 and a sixth radiator 136, and the fourth radiator 134 is provided between the fifth radiator 135 and the sixth radiator 136, as shown. Figure 5 shown.

[0117] like Figure 2 As shown, one end of the first connector 121 is electrically connected to the first end 1311 of the first radiator 131, and the other end of the first connector 121 is electrically connected to the first end 1341 of the fourth radiator 134. One end of the second connector 122 is electrically connected to the first end 1321 of the second radiator 132, and the other end of the second connector 122 is electrically connected to the first end 1351 of the fifth radiator 135. One end of the third connector 123 is electrically connected to the first end 1331 of the third radiator 133, and the other end of the third connector 123 is electrically connected to the first end 1361 of the sixth radiator 136. The projections of the first radiator 131 and the fourth radiator 134 in the first direction at least partially overlap. The projections of the second radiator 132 and the fifth radiator 135 in the first direction at least partially overlap. The projections of the third radiator 133 and the sixth radiator 136 in the first direction at least partially overlap. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to any layer of the dielectric plates 111 to 113, for example, in Figure 2 In the antenna structure 100 shown, the first direction is the z direction.

[0118] It should be understood that the first end 1311 of the first radiator 131 cannot be narrowly understood as necessarily a point. It can also be considered as a section of the radiator on the first radiator 131 including the first endpoint (the endpoint of the first radiator 131 can be any point on the edge of the first radiator 131). For example, the first radiator 131 can be considered to be a radiator within one sixteenth of the first wavelength from the first endpoint, or it can also be considered to be a radiator within 5 mm from the first endpoint. Other first ends in the implementation of this application can also be understood accordingly. The first wavelength is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antenna structure 100. For example, the first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the resonant point in the operating frequency band, or it can also be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the operating frequency band or the supported frequency band, or the wavelength corresponding to the first frequency band. For example, the first wavelength can be the wavelength corresponding to the center frequency of the first frequency band.

[0119] like Figure 3 As shown, a seventh radiator 137 is disposed on the second dielectric plate 112, and a first end 1371 of the seventh radiator 137 is electrically connected to the first connector 121. In one embodiment, the seventh radiator 137 can be disposed between the first dielectric plate 111 and the second dielectric plate 112, or between the second dielectric plate 112 and the third dielectric plate 113.

[0120] like Figure 6 As shown, the antenna structure 100 also includes a first antenna unit 101 and a second antenna unit 102. The first antenna unit 101 includes a first feeding point 141 and a second feeding point 142, which are used to feed the first antenna unit 110. The first feeding point 141 is set on the first radiator 131, and the second feeding point 142 is set on the fourth radiator 134. When the first antenna unit 101 is working, the phase difference between the electrical signal of the first feeding point 141 and the electrical signal of the second feeding point 142 is (180°±45°), so that the first antenna unit 101 is fed by differential feeding. The second antenna unit 102 includes a third feeding point 143, which is used to feed the second antenna unit 102. The third feeding point 143 is set on the seventh radiator 137.

[0121] It should be understood that the first antenna unit 101 includes a first radiator 131, a second radiator 132, a third radiator 133, a fourth radiator 134, a fifth radiator 135, and a sixth radiator 136. The first antenna unit 101 is fed with electrical signals having a phase difference of (180°±45°) through a first feeding point 141 provided on the first radiator 131 and a second feeding point 142 provided on the fourth radiator 134 to generate radiated electromagnetic waves. The second radiator 132, the third radiator 133, the fifth radiator 135, and the sixth radiator 136 serve as parasitic branches to expand the operating bandwidth of the first antenna unit. The second antenna unit 102 includes a first radiator 131, a fourth radiator 134, and a seventh radiator 137. The second antenna unit 102 is fed with an electrical signal through a third feeding point 143 provided on the seventh radiator 137 to generate radiated electromagnetic waves. The first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 use different feeding methods to make the polarization of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first antenna unit 101 orthogonal to the polarization of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second antenna unit 102, thereby reducing the mutual coupling between the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 and improving the isolation between the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102. For example, when the first antenna unit 101 and the second antenna unit 102 operate in the same operating frequency band or adjacent operating frequency bands, good isolation can still be maintained.

[0122] In one embodiment, the operating frequency band of first antenna unit 101 is the same as the operating frequency band of second antenna unit 102. In one embodiment, first antenna unit 101 and second antenna unit 102 both serve as subunits in a MIMO antenna system, enabling antenna structure 100 to be applied in a MIMO system. In one embodiment, the operating frequency bands of first antenna unit 101 and second antenna unit 102 may be different and may be adjusted based on actual production or design.

[0123] In one embodiment, the first antenna unit 101 may further include a first feed source and a first feed element 151. The first feed source is electrically connected to the first feed element 151. The first end of the first feed element 151 is electrically connected to the first radiator 131 at a first feed point 141. The second end of the first feed element 151 is electrically connected to the fourth radiator 134 at a second feed point 142. The first feed source can be used to provide an electrical signal to the first antenna unit to enable the first antenna unit to radiate.

[0124] In one embodiment, the second antenna unit 102 may further include a second feed source electrically connected to the seventh radiator 137 at the third feed point 143 . The second feed source may be used to provide an electrical signal to the second antenna unit so that the second antenna unit generates radiation.

[0125] In one embodiment, the first feed source and the second feed source may be different radio frequency channels in a radio frequency chip provided inside the antenna structure 100 .

[0126] In one embodiment, the radiators 131 to 136 are all strip-shaped branches. In one embodiment, any one of the radiators 131 to 136 may include a bending portion and / or a locally widened portion, and / or a locally narrowed portion. In one embodiment, the first radiator 131 and the fourth radiator 134 may have the same shape, and the projections of the first radiator 131 and the fourth radiator 134 in the first direction completely overlap. In one embodiment, the second radiator 132 and the fifth radiator 135 may have the same shape, and the projections of the second radiator 132 and the fifth radiator 135 in the first direction completely overlap. In one embodiment, the third radiator 133 and the sixth radiator 136 may have the same shape, and the projections of the third radiator 133 and the sixth radiator 136 in the first direction completely overlap. The first direction is a direction perpendicular to any layer of the dielectric plates 111 to 113, for example, in Figure 2 In the antenna structure 100 shown, the first direction is the z direction. It should be understood that as the symmetry of the antenna structure 100 increases, the radiation characteristics of the antenna structure can be improved.

[0127] In one embodiment, the first connector 121 includes at least one metal connection post or metal connection hole. A metal connection post can be understood as a through-hole provided on the dielectric board between the first radiator 131 and the fourth radiator 134, with metal filled into the through-hole to form a metal connection post. A metal connection hole can be understood as a through-hole provided on the dielectric board between the first radiator 131 and the fourth radiator 134, with a metal layer provided on the inner wall of the through-hole to form a metal connection hole. It should be understood that both the metal connection post and the metal connection hole are one method for achieving a good electrical connection between the first radiator 131 and the fourth radiator 134, and other methods can also be used to achieve this, and this embodiment of the present application is not limited thereto.

[0128] In one embodiment, the second connector 122 and the third connector 123 may have the same structure as the first connector 121 , and the second connector 122 and the third connector 123 may include at least one metal connection column or metal connection hole.

[0129] In one embodiment, a bending portion 1372 may be provided at one end of the seventh radiator 137 away from the first connecting member 121. The bending portion 1372 may be used to increase the circuit path of the seventh radiator 137 while the length of the seventh radiator 137 in the extension direction (for example, the x direction) remains unchanged, so as to keep the electrical length of the seventh radiator 137 unchanged while reducing the length of the seventh radiator 137 in the x direction.

[0130] Figure 7 and Figure 8 yes Figure 2 Schematic diagram of current distribution of the antenna structure shown. Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of current distribution when the first feeding point and the second feeding point are fed. Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of current distribution when feeding from the third feeding point.

[0131] like Figure 7 As shown, when the first feed source (the first feed point and the second feed point feed the electric signal) feeds electricity, the currents on the first radiator and the fourth radiator are distributed in opposite directions. In one embodiment, the currents on the first radiator and the fourth radiator are distributed in an anti-symmetrical manner along the second direction (for example, the electric field amplitudes are the same and the phases are opposite) (the opposite phases can be, for example, a phase difference of 180°). In one embodiment, the second direction can be the extension direction of the first radiator, for example, the length direction. Figure 7 In the illustrated structure, the second direction may be the x-direction. It should be understood that when the currents on the first and fourth radiators are antisymmetrically distributed along the second direction, the direction of the electric field is from the fourth radiator toward the first radiator, for example, in the z-direction. Therefore, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the first antenna unit is the same as the direction of the electric field, i.e., the z-direction.

[0132] like Figure 8 As shown, when the second feed source (the third feeding point feeds the electrical signal), the current on the first radiator and the current on the seventh radiator are distributed in the same direction. In one embodiment, the current on the first radiator and the current on the seventh radiator flow along the second direction, wherein the current flowing along the second direction can be understood as the main part of the current (greater than 50%) flowing in the forward direction along the second direction (the direction of the current is within ±45° to the second direction), or the main part of the current (greater than 50%) flowing in the reverse direction along the second direction (the direction of the current is within 180°±45° to the second direction). When the third feeding point is fed, the second antenna unit forms a dipole-like antenna, and its electric field is in the same direction as the current. Therefore, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the second antenna unit is the same as the electric field direction, which is the x-direction.

[0133] It should be understood that because the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first antenna unit is in the z-direction, and the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second antenna unit is in the x-direction, the polarization direction of the first antenna unit is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the second antenna unit, the mutual coupling between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is low, and the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have good isolation. For example, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can operate simultaneously in the same operating frequency band, or in adjacent operating frequency bands, while maintaining good radiation characteristics.

[0134] Figures 9 to 12 for Figure 2 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in Figure 1 are as follows. Figure 9 yes Figure 2 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown. Figure 10 yes Figure 2 Figure 2 shows the simulation results of the total efficiency of the antenna structure shown. Figure 11 yes Figure 2 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source. Figure 12 yes Figure 2 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source.

[0135] like Figure 9 As shown, taking the return loss (S11) of the first antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the first antenna unit is 2.42GHz-2.55GHz. Taking the return loss (S22) of the second antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the second antenna unit is 2.33GHz-2.72GHz. The first and second antenna units have good resonant bandwidths and can be applied to multiple operating frequency bands, such as WiFi bands and BT bands.

[0136] At the same time, because the polarization direction of the first antenna unit is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the second antenna unit when the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are in operation, there is good isolation between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation (S12) between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit is less than -34dB. Due to the good isolation between the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit and the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit can include the same frequency band. For example, the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit can be antenna subunits in a MIMO system.

[0137] like Figure 10 As shown, in Figure 9 Within the resonant frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit, both the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit have good system efficiency, as shown in Table 1 below.

[0138] Table 1

[0139] Resonant bandwidth In-band system efficiency First antenna unit 2.42GHz-2.55GHz >90％ Second antenna unit 2.33GHz-2.72GHz >88％

[0140] like Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown in FIG, they are the directional pattern corresponding to the resonance point (2.5 GHz) of the first antenna unit and the directional pattern corresponding to the resonance point (2.5 GHz) of the second antenna unit. Figure 11 As shown in FIG, the first antenna unit has an omnidirectional pattern and a maximum gain of 2.1 dBi. Figure 12 As shown, the second antenna unit has an omnidirectional directivity pattern in the yoz plane and its maximum gain is 2.3dBi.

[0141] Figure 13 1 is a structural diagram of another antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0142] like Figure 13 As shown, the antenna structure 100 may further include a feeding branch 160, which may be disposed on the second dielectric plate 112. A first end of the feeding branch 160 is electrically connected to the first position 1221 of the second connector 122, and a second end of the feeding branch 160 is electrically connected to the second position 1231 of the third connector 123.

[0143] It should be understood that compared to Figure 2 The antenna structure 100 shown, Figure 13 The antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. 1 has a feed branch 160 added thereto. The antenna structure 100 may include a third antenna unit (eg Figure 14The third antenna unit 103 is shown. The third antenna unit may include a second radiator 132, a third radiator 133, a fifth radiator 135, and a sixth radiator 136. The feeding branch 160 feeds an electrical signal to the third antenna unit so that the second radiator 132, the third radiator 133, the fifth radiator 135, and the sixth radiator 136 generate radiation. Figure 13 The antenna structure 100 shown is compared to Figure 2 As for the antenna structure 100 shown, the addition of a third antenna unit can increase the number of antennas while keeping the structure size unchanged, so as to meet the needs of the increasing number of communication frequency bands.

[0144] like Figure 14 As shown, the third antenna unit 103 may further include a fourth feeding point 144 and a fifth feeding point 145, which are used to feed electrical signals to the third antenna unit 103. The fourth feeding point 144 and the fifth feeding point 145 are located on the feeding branch 160. When the fourth feeding point 144 and the fifth feeding point 145 feed electrical signals, the phase difference between the electrical signal at the first position 1221 and the electrical signal at the second position 1231 is (180°±45°).

[0145] In the antenna structure 100, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit use different feeding methods to make the polarization modes of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first antenna unit, the polarization modes of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second antenna unit, and the polarization modes of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the third antenna unit orthogonal to each other, so as to reduce the mutual coupling between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit, and improve the isolation between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit. For example, when the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit can operate in the same working frequency band, or in adjacent working frequency bands, good isolation can still be maintained.

[0146] In one embodiment, the third antenna unit 103 may also include a third feed source, which is electrically connected to the feed branch 160 at the fourth feed point 144 and the fifth feed point 145. The third feed source can be used to provide an electrical signal to the third antenna unit so that the third antenna unit generates radiation.

[0147] In one embodiment, the second dielectric plate 112 includes a first surface 1121 and a second surface 1122 disposed opposite to each other. Figure 15As shown. The seventh radiator 137 includes a first branch 1373, a second branch 1374, and a third branch 1375. The first branch 1373 and the third branch 1375 are disposed on the first surface 1121. The first end of the first branch 1373 is electrically connected to the first connector 121. The second end of the first branch 1373 and the first end of the third branch 1375 are opposite and non-contacting, forming a first gap 171. The second branch 1374 is disposed on the second surface 1122. The first end of the second branch 1374 is electrically connected to the second end of the first branch 1373, and the second end of the second branch 1374 is electrically connected to the first end of the third branch 1375. The feeding branch 160 is disposed on the first surface 1121 and passes through the first gap 171. It should be understood that since the extension direction of the seventh radiator 137 is not parallel to the extension direction of the feeding branch 160, when the seventh radiator 137 and the feeding branch 160 are arranged on the same surface of the second dielectric plate 112, the seventh radiator 137 and the feeding branch 160 will have an intersection, resulting in a short circuit and the inability to transmit electrical signals. Figure 15 The air bridge structure shown can avoid the seventh radiator 137 and the feeding branch 160 from having a cross portion, thereby ensuring good transmission of electrical signals.

[0148] In one embodiment, the first surface 1121 can be a surface of the second dielectric plate 112 close to the first dielectric plate 111 or a surface away from the first dielectric plate. This embodiment of the present application does not limit this and can be adjusted according to actual production or design requirements.

[0149] In one embodiment, the third feeding point 143 of the second antenna unit may be disposed on the second branch 1374 of the seventh radiator 137 .

[0150] In one embodiment, the first end of the second branch 1374 may be electrically connected to the second end of the first branch 1373 through a metal connection column or a metal connection hole.

[0151] In one embodiment, the second end of the second branch 1374 may be electrically connected to the first end of the third branch 1375 through a metal connection column or a metal connection hole.

[0152] In one embodiment, the feeding branch 160 includes a fourth branch 161, a fifth branch 162 and a sixth branch 163. Figure 16As shown. The first end of the fourth branch 161 is electrically connected to the first position 1221 of the second connector, and the second end of the sixth branch 163 is electrically connected to the second position 1231 of the third connector. The first end of the fifth branch 162 is opposite to the second end of the fourth branch 161 and does not contact each other. The first end of the fifth branch 162 is provided with at least one first protrusion, and the second end of the fourth branch 161 is provided with at least one first recess. The at least one first protrusion and the at least one first recess correspond one-to-one, and the at least one first protrusion and the at least one first recess form a second gap 172. The second end of the fifth branch 162 is opposite to the first end of the sixth branch 163 and is in complementary contact. The second end of the fifth branch 152 is provided with at least one second protrusion, and the first end of the sixth branch 163 is provided with at least one second recess. The at least one second protrusion and the at least one second recess correspond one-to-one, and the at least one second protrusion and the at least one second recess form a third gap 173. It should be understood that second slot 172 and third slot 173 can be used to change the resonant frequency of the third antenna element. For example, as the width of second slot 172 (the distance between the first protrusion and the corresponding first recess) and the width of third slot 173 (the distance between the second protrusion and the corresponding second recess) increase, the resonant frequency of the third antenna element shifts toward higher frequencies. As the length of second slot 172 and third slot 173 increases, the resonant frequency of the third antenna element shifts toward lower frequencies.

[0153] In one embodiment, the fourth feeding point 144 and the fifth feeding point 145 of the third antenna unit may be disposed on the fifth branch 162 of the feeding branch 160 .

[0154] In one embodiment, the third antenna unit further includes a balun 181, such as Figure 16 As shown. The first end of the balun 181 is electrically connected to the feed branch at the fourth feed point 144, the second end of the balun 181 is electrically connected to the feed branch at the fifth feed point 145, and the third end of the balun 181 is electrically connected to the third feed source. It should be understood that the balun 181 can be used to realize that when the third feed source feeds the electrical signal at the fourth feed point 144 and the fifth feed point 145, the phase difference between the electrical signal at the fourth feed point 144 and the electrical signal at the fifth feed point 145 is (180°±45°), so that the phase difference between the electrical signal at the first position 1221 and the electrical signal at the second position 1231 is (180°±45°). The embodiment of the present application does not limit the structure of the balun, and baluns of different structures can be selected according to different production or design requirements.

[0155] It should be understood that in the above embodiment, a balun is used to realize the feeding of the third antenna unit. In actual engineering applications, the phase difference (180°±45°) between the electrical signal at the first position 1221 and the electrical signal at the second position 1231 can be realized by other means to achieve the same technical effect. The embodiment of the present application does not impose any restrictions on this and can be adjusted according to actual production or design needs.

[0156] Figure 17 yes Figure 13 Schematic diagram of current distribution when feeding the fourth feeding point of the antenna structure shown.

[0157] like Figure 17 As shown, when the third feed source is feeding (the fourth and fifth feed points are feeding electrical signals), the current on the second radiator and the current on the third radiator are antisymmetrically distributed along the second direction (for example, the electric field amplitudes are the same and the phases are opposite) (the opposite phases can be, for example, a phase difference of 180°). The current on the second radiator and the current on the fifth radiator flow in the same direction, and the current on the third radiator and the current on the sixth radiator flow in the same direction. When the fourth feed point is feeding, the third antenna unit forms a dipole-like antenna, with its radiator extending in the y direction and its two ends bent in the x direction. Its electric field is in the same direction as the current. Therefore, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic wave radiated by the third antenna unit is in the y direction.

[0158] It should be understood that since the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the first antenna unit is the z-direction, the polarization direction of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the second antenna unit is the x-direction, and the direction of the electromagnetic waves radiated by the third antenna unit is the y-direction. Therefore, the polarization directions of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are orthogonal to each other, and the polarization direction of the third antenna unit is orthogonal. The mutual coupling between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit is low, and the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit have good isolation. For example, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit can be operated simultaneously in the same operating frequency band, or in adjacent operating frequency bands, while maintaining good radiation characteristics.

[0159] Figures 18 to 22 for Figure 13 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in Figure 1 are as follows. Figure 18 yes Figure 13 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown. Figure 19 yes Figure 13 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown. Figure 20 yes Figure 13 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source. Figure 21 yes Figure 13The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source. Figure 22 yes Figure 13 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source.

[0160] like Figure 18 As shown, taking the return loss (S11) of the first antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the first antenna unit is 2.38GHz-2.51GHz. Taking the return loss (S22) of the second antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the second antenna unit is 2.27GHz-2.64GHz. Taking the return loss (S33) of the third antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the third antenna unit is 2.35GHz-2.55GHz. The first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit have good resonant bandwidths and can be applied to multiple operating frequency bands, such as WiFi bands, BT bands, etc.

[0161] At the same time, since the polarization directions of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are orthogonal to each other and the polarization direction of the third antenna unit when the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit are in operation, there is good isolation between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation (S12, S13, S23) between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit is less than -29 dB. Since there is good isolation between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit, the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit, the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit, and the operating frequency band of the third antenna unit can include the same frequency band. For example, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit can be antenna subunits in a MIMO system.

[0162] like Figure 19 As shown, in Figure 18 Within the resonant frequency bands of the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit all have good system efficiency (all greater than 85%), as shown in Table 2 below.

[0163] Table 2

[0164] Resonant bandwidth In-band system efficiency First antenna unit 2.38GHz-2.51GHz >90％ Second antenna unit 2.27GHz-2.64GHz >85％ The third antenna unit 2.35GHz-2.55GHz >85％

[0165] like Figures 20 to 22 As shown, they are the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance point of the first antenna unit, the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance point of the second antenna unit, and the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance point of the third antenna unit. Figure 20 As shown in FIG, the first antenna unit has an omnidirectional pattern and a maximum gain of 1.9 dBi. Figure 21As shown in , the second antenna unit has an omnidirectional pattern in the yoz plane, and its maximum gain is 2.8dBi. Figure 22 As shown, the third antenna unit has an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a maximum gain of 2.4 dBi.

[0166] Figure 23 Schematic diagram of another antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0167] Compared to Figure 13 The antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. Figure 23 The antenna structure 100 shown is identical to the structure thereof. The difference is that Figure 13 Based on the antenna structure 100 shown, the relevant parameters of the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit (for example, the size of the radiator, the size of the feeding structure, etc.) are adjusted so that the resonant frequency band of the second antenna unit and the resonant frequency band of the third antenna unit are respectively located on both sides of the resonant frequency band of the first antenna unit, so that the working frequency band of the first antenna unit, the working frequency band of the second antenna unit and the working frequency band of the third antenna unit include different communication frequency bands, so that the antenna structure 100 can operate in three different communication frequency bands at the same time.

[0168] Figures 24 to 28 for Figure 23 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in Figure 1 are as follows. Figure 24 yes Figure 23 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown. Figure 25 yes Figure 23 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown. Figure 26 yes Figure 23 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source. Figure 27 yes Figure 23 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source. Figure 28 yes Figure 23 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source.

[0169] like Figure 24 As shown, taking the return loss (S11) of the first antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the first antenna unit is 2.25GHz-2.44GHz. Taking the return loss (S22) of the second antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the second antenna unit is 2.38GHz-2.51GHz. Taking the return loss (S33) of the third antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the third antenna unit is 2.48GHz-2.67GHz. The first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit have good resonant bandwidths and can be used in multiple different operating frequency bands.

[0170] At the same time, since the polarization directions of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are orthogonal to each other and the polarization directions of the third antenna unit when the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit are in operation, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit have good isolation. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation (S12, S13, S23) between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit is less than -29dB.

[0171] like Figure 25 As shown, in Figure 24 Within the resonant frequency bands of the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit all have good system efficiency, as shown in Table 3 below.

[0172] Table 3

[0173] Resonant bandwidth In-band system efficiency First antenna unit 2.25GHz-2.44GHz >90％ Second antenna unit 2.38GHz-2.51GHz >75％ The third antenna unit 2.48GHz-2.67GHz >52％

[0174] like Figures 26 to 28 As shown, they are the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance point of the first antenna unit, the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance point of the second antenna unit, and the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance point of the third antenna unit. Figure 26 As shown, the first antenna unit has an omnidirectional pattern and a maximum gain of 3.0 dBi. Figure 27 As shown in , the second antenna unit has an omnidirectional pattern in the yoz plane, and its maximum gain is -0.9dBi. Figure 28 As shown, the third antenna unit has an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a maximum gain of 2.2 dBi.

[0175] Figure 29 and Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of another antenna structure 100 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 29 is a schematic three-dimensional diagram of the antenna structure 100. Figure 30 is a schematic diagram of a cross section of the antenna structure 100 along the x-direction.

[0176] Compared to Figure 13 The antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. Figure 29 The antenna structure 100 shown is identical to the structure thereof, except that a metal layer is added to the PCB in the antenna structure 100 .

[0177] like Figure 29As shown, the antenna structure 100 may further include a metal layer 180, which may serve as a ground plane for the antenna structure. It should be understood that the metal layer 180 may be disposed on any dielectric board in the PCB 110. For simplicity, this embodiment of the present application only illustrates the metal layer 180 disposed on the second dielectric board 112. In actual applications, the metal layer 180 may also be disposed on the first dielectric board 111, the third dielectric board 113, or other dielectric boards, and this embodiment of the present application does not impose any limitation thereto.

[0178] The metal layer 180 does not overlap with the projections of the first radiator 131, the second radiator 132, the third radiator 133, the fourth radiator 134, the fifth radiator 135, and the sixth radiator 136 in the first direction (z direction). It should be understood that in actual applications, multiple electronic components and circuits of an electronic device may also be disposed on the PCB 110. To ensure a good radiation environment for the antenna structure 100, the antenna structure 100 may be disposed at the edge of the PCB 110 to prevent interference with the electronic components and circuits.

[0179] In one embodiment, the second end of the seventh radiator 137 may be electrically connected to the metal layer 180. Figure 30 As shown, the length of the seventh radiator 137 is reduced. For example, the second branch 1374 of the seventh radiator can be electrically connected to the metal layer 180. At the same time, the second antenna unit can use the metal layer 180 as a ground to generate radiation, thereby expanding the resonance bandwidth.

[0180] Figures 31 to 35 for Figure 29 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in Figure 1 are as follows. Figure 31 yes Figure 29 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown. Figure 32 yes Figure 29 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown. Figure 33 yes Figure 29 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source. Figure 34 yes Figure 29 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source. Figure 35 yes Figure 29 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source.

[0181] like Figure 31As shown, taking the return loss (S11) of the first antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the first antenna unit is 2.41GHz-2.56GHz. Taking the return loss (S22) of the second antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the second antenna unit is 1.48GHz-2.63GHz. Taking the return loss (S33) of the third antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the third antenna unit is 2.41GHz-3.25GHz. The first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit have good resonant bandwidths and can be applied to multiple communication frequency bands.

[0182] At the same time, because the polarization directions of the first antenna unit and the second antenna unit are orthogonal to each other and the polarization direction of the third antenna unit when the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit are in operation, there is good isolation between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation (S12, S13, S23) between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit is less than -27 dB. Because there is good isolation between the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit, the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit, the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit, and the operating frequency band of the third antenna unit can include the same frequency band. For example, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit can be antenna subunits in a MIMO system.

[0183] like Figure 32 As shown, in Figure 31 Within the resonant frequency bands of the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit, and the third antenna unit all have good system efficiency, as shown in Table 4 below.

[0184] Table 4

[0185]

[0186]

[0187] like Figures 33 to 35 As shown, they are the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance point of the first antenna unit, the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance point of the second antenna unit, and the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance point of the third antenna unit. Figure 33 As shown in FIG, the first antenna unit has an omnidirectional pattern and a maximum gain of 1.9 dBi. Figure 34 As shown in , the second antenna unit has an omnidirectional pattern in the yoz plane, and its maximum gain is 2.4dBi. Figure 35 As shown, the third antenna unit has an omnidirectional radiation pattern in the yoz plane, and its maximum gain is 4.2dBi.

[0188] It should be understood that in the above embodiment, since the polarization direction of the first antenna unit and the polarization direction of the second antenna unit are orthogonal to each other and the polarization direction of the third antenna unit are orthogonal to each other, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit all have good isolation. Therefore, the first antenna unit, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit can be arbitrarily combined to ensure good isolation between the antenna units. For example, in Figure 2 In the antenna structure shown, it is shown that the antenna structure includes a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit.

[0189] Figure 36 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an antenna structure 100 including a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit.

[0190] Compared to Figure 13 The antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. Figure 36 The antenna structure 100 shown includes only the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit. For example, the radiators in the antenna structure 100 include a first radiator 131, a second radiator 132, a third radiator 133, a fourth radiator 134, a fifth radiator 135, and a sixth radiator 136. The antenna structure 100 is provided with only the first feed source of the first antenna unit and the third feed source of the third antenna unit.

[0191] Figures 37 to 40 for Figure 36 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in Figure 1 are as follows. Figure 37 yes Figure 36 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown. Figure 38 yes Figure 36 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown. Figure 39 yes Figure 36 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the first feed source. Figure 40 yes Figure 36 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source.

[0192] like Figure 37 As shown, taking the return loss (S11) of the first antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the first antenna unit is 2.43GHz-2.56GHz. Taking the return loss (S33) of the third antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the third antenna unit is 2.39GHz-2.60GHz. The first and third antenna units have good resonant bandwidths and can be used in multiple communication frequency bands.

[0193] At the same time, because the polarization direction of the first antenna unit is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the third antenna unit when the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit are in operation, there is good isolation between the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation (S13) between the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit is less than -33dB. Due to the good isolation between the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit, the operating frequency band of the first antenna unit and the operating frequency band of the third antenna unit can include the same frequency band. For example, the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit can be antenna subunits in a MIMO system.

[0194] like Figure 38 As shown, in Figure 37 Within the resonance frequency bands of the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit, both the first antenna unit and the third antenna unit have good system efficiency (both greater than 70%), as shown in Table 5 below.

[0195] Table 5

[0196]

[0197]

[0198] like Figure 39 and Figure 40 As shown in , they are the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance points of the first antenna unit and the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance points of the third antenna unit, respectively. Figure 39 As shown, the first antenna unit has an omnidirectional pattern and a maximum gain of 2.0 dBi. Figure 40 As shown, the third antenna unit has an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a maximum gain of 2.5 dBi.

[0199] Figure 41 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the antenna structure 100 including a second antenna unit and a third antenna unit.

[0200] Compared to Figure 13 The antenna structure 100 shown in FIG. Figure 41 The antenna structure 100 shown includes only the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit. For example, the radiators in the antenna structure 100 include a first radiator 131, a second radiator 132, a third radiator 133, a fourth radiator 134, a fifth radiator 135, a sixth radiator 136, and a seventh radiator 137. The antenna structure 100 is provided with only the second feed source of the second antenna unit and the third feed source of the third antenna unit.

[0201] Figures 42 to 45 for Figure 41 The simulation results of the antenna structure shown in Figure 1 are as follows. Figure 42 yes Figure 41 S-parameter plot of the antenna structure shown. Figure 43 yes Figure 41 A plot of simulation results showing the system efficiency of the antenna structure shown. Figure 44 yes Figure 41 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the second feed source. Figure 45 yes Figure 41 The antenna structure shown corresponds to the radiation pattern when fed by the third feed source.

[0202] like Figure 42 As shown, taking the return loss (S22) of the second antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the second antenna unit is 2.40GHz-2.61GHz. Taking the return loss (S33) of the third antenna unit less than -6dB as an example, the resonant bandwidth of the third antenna unit is 2.30GHz-2.68GHz. The second and third antenna units have good resonant bandwidths and can be used in multiple communication frequency bands.

[0203] At the same time, because the polarization direction of the second antenna unit is orthogonal to the polarization direction of the third antenna unit when the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit are in operation, there is good isolation between the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit. In the resonant frequency band, the isolation (S23) between the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit is less than -31dB. Due to the good isolation between the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit, the operating frequency band of the second antenna unit and the operating frequency band of the third antenna unit can include the same frequency band. For example, the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit can be antenna subunits in a MIMO system.

[0204] like Figure 43 As shown, in Figure 42 Within the resonance frequency bands of the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit, both the second antenna unit and the third antenna unit have good system efficiency (both greater than 70%), as shown in Table 6 below.

[0205] Table 6

[0206] Resonance bandwidth In-band system efficiency Second antenna unit 2.40GHz-2.61GHz >75％ The third antenna unit 2.30GHz-2.68GHz >71％

[0207] like Figure 44 and Figure 45 As shown in , they are the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance points of the second antenna unit and the directional patterns corresponding to the resonance points of the third antenna unit, respectively. Figure 44 As shown in Figure 2, the second antenna unit has an omnidirectional pattern in the yoz plane, and its maximum gain is 2.7dBi. Figure 45 As shown, the third antenna unit has an omnidirectional radiation pattern and a maximum gain of 2.5 dBi.

[0208] Those skilled in the art may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered to be beyond the scope of this application.

[0209] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0210] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection of the devices or units can be electrical or other forms.

[0211] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna structure, characterized in that: include: A printed circuit board (PCB) comprises a first dielectric board, a second dielectric board, a third dielectric board, a first connector, a second connector and a third connector; a first antenna unit and a second antenna unit; Wherein, the second dielectric plate is arranged between the first dielectric plate and the third dielectric plate; A first radiator, a second radiator and a third radiator are provided on the first dielectric plate, and the first radiator is provided between the second radiator and the third radiator; A fourth radiator, a fifth radiator and a sixth radiator are provided on the third dielectric plate, and the fourth radiator is provided between the fifth radiator and the sixth radiator; One end of the first connector is electrically connected to the first end of the first radiator, and the other end of the first connector is electrically connected to the first end of the fourth radiator; One end of the second connecting member is electrically connected to the first end of the second radiator, and the other end of the second connecting member is electrically connected to the first end of the fifth radiator; One end of the third connecting member is electrically connected to the first end of the third radiator, and the other end of the third connecting member is electrically connected to the first end of the sixth radiator; The projections of the first radiator and the fourth radiator in the first direction at least partially overlap, the projections of the second radiator and the fifth radiator in the first direction at least partially overlap, and the projections of the third radiator and the sixth radiator in the first direction at least partially overlap, and the first direction is a direction perpendicular to the first dielectric plate; A seventh radiator is provided on the second dielectric plate, and a first end of the seventh radiator is electrically connected to the first connecting member; The first antenna unit includes a first feeding point and a second feeding point, the first feeding point is arranged on the first radiator, and the second feeding point is arranged on the fourth radiator; the phase difference between the electrical signal of the first feeding point and the electrical signal of the second feeding point is (180°±45°); The second antenna unit includes a third feeding point, and the third feeding point is arranged on the seventh radiator.

2. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein: The antenna structure further includes a third antenna unit; The third antenna unit includes a fourth feeding point and a fifth feeding point, wherein the fourth feeding point and the fifth feeding point are located on a feeding branch provided on the second dielectric plate, a first end of the feeding branch is electrically connected to the first position of the second connecting member, and a second end of the feeding branch is electrically connected to the second position of the third connecting member; The phase difference between the electrical signal at the first position and the electrical signal at the second position is (180°±45°).

3. The antenna structure according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first antenna unit further includes a first feed source and a first feeding element, and the second antenna unit further includes a second feed source; The first feed source is electrically connected to the first feed element; The first end of the first feeding element is electrically connected to the first radiator at the first feeding point; The second end of the first feeding element is electrically connected to the fourth radiator at the second feeding point; The second feed source is electrically connected to the seventh radiator at the third feeding point.

4. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the first feed source feeds power, the current on the first radiator and the current on the fourth radiator are anti-symmetrical along a second direction, and the second direction is an extension direction of the first radiator.

5. The antenna structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: When the second feed source feeds power, the current on the first radiator and the current on the seventh radiator flow along a second direction, and the second direction is the extension direction of the first radiator.

6. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The third antenna unit includes a third feed source; The third feed source and the feeding branch are electrically connected at the fourth feeding point and the fifth feeding point.

7. The antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the third feed source feeds power, the current on the second radiator and the current on the third radiator are anti-symmetrical along a second direction, and the second direction is the extension direction of the first radiator.

8. The antenna structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The third antenna unit also includes a balun, a first end of the balun is electrically connected to the feed branch at the fourth feeding point, a second end of the balun is electrically connected to the feed branch at the fifth feeding point, and a third end of the balun is electrically connected to the third feed source.

9. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The second dielectric plate includes a first surface and a second surface disposed opposite to each other; The seventh radiator includes a first branch, a second branch and a third branch; The first branch and the third branch are provided on the first surface, and the first end of the first branch is electrically connected to the first connecting member; The second end of the first branch and the first end of the third branch are opposite to each other and do not contact each other, and form a first gap; The second branch node is provided on the second surface, the first end of the second branch node is electrically connected to the second end of the first branch node, and the second end of the second branch node is electrically connected to the first end of the third branch node; The feeding branch is arranged on the first surface and passes through the first gap.

10. The antenna structure according to claim 9, characterized in that: The third feeding point is arranged on the second branch.

11. The antenna structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The feeding branches include a fourth branch, a fifth branch and a sixth branch; The first end of the fourth branch is electrically connected to the first position of the second connecting member; The second end of the sixth branch is electrically connected to the second position of the third connecting member; The first end of the fifth branch section is opposite to the second end of the fourth branch section and does not contact each other, the first end of the fifth branch section is provided with at least one first protrusion, and the second end of the fourth branch section is provided with at least one first depression, the at least one first protrusion and the at least one first depression corresponding to each other one by one, and the at least one first protrusion and the at least one first depression forming a second gap; The second end of the fifth branch node is opposite to and in complementary contact with the first end of the sixth branch node, the second end of the fifth branch node is provided with at least one second protrusion, and the first end of the sixth branch node is provided with at least one second recess, the at least one second protrusion and the at least one second recess correspond one to one, and the at least one second protrusion and the at least one second recess form a third gap.

12. The antenna structure according to claim 11, characterized in that: The fourth feeding point and the fifth feeding point are arranged on the fifth branch.

13. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that: The first connecting member includes at least one metal connecting column or metal connecting hole.

14. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that: The first radiator and the fourth radiator have the same shape.

15. The antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that: The PCB is provided with a metal layer; The metal layer does not overlap with projections of the first radiator, the second radiator, the third radiator, the fourth radiator, the fifth radiator, and the sixth radiator in the first direction.

16. An electronic device, characterized in that: The invention comprises the antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 15.

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