A positioning device for precision turning gears after heat treatment

Abstract

The present invention discloses a post-heat finish turning gear positioning device in the field of gear processing technology, comprising: a positioning seat; a support column connected to the surface of the positioning seat; a plurality of pre-tightening blocks arrayed with the central axis of the support column as the array axis; a transmission column member located inside the support column, with a heat dissipation component built therein, and a first driving surface provided at the lower edge of the transmission column member, the first driving surface being in contact with the driven surface of the pre-tightening block; a locking cap sleeved on one end of the support column away from the positioning seat; a tensioning block movably embedded in the transmission column member in the horizontal direction, one side of the tensioning block extending out of the transmission column member having a second driving surface in contact with the driven surface of the pre-tightening block, and a heat expansion body being provided on one side of the tensioning block located inside the transmission column member. The pre-tightening block can position gears with different inner diameters, and in combination with the tensioning block, the stability of gear positioning can be ensured, the processing quality can be guaranteed, the cutting heat generated by the gear can be further cooled, and the machining accuracy of the gear can be ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of gear processing, and more particularly to a positioning device for finish turning gears after heat treatment. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous innovation of modern industrial technology, the quality and performance requirements for parts are becoming increasingly strict. As an important part of modern mechanical transmission, gears also have higher requirements for the strength, toughness, and fatigue resistance required for their processing. In order to obtain higher hardness, wear resistance, and fatigue resistance during the use of gears, heat treatment processes are often used during processing to improve the use performance of gear parts.

[0003] After carburizing heat treatment, the hardness of gear steel is high, generally reaching HRC58 - 62 degrees to meet the requirements for the rigidity and strength of gears. However, this also poses great difficulties for the machining of gears. Quenching after machining will cause dimensional deformation. In order to ensure gear accuracy and dimensional consistency, a small allowance is left for finish machining after heat treatment. Currently, CBN superhard cutting tools are used for hard turning of gears to achieve the new process of "turning instead of grinding".

[0004] Currently, before cutting gears during finish turning after heat treatment, the gears need to be positioned. Most of the currently used fixtures mostly include a mandrel with a positioning end plate and a pressure plate slidably mounted on the mandrel. It uses the method of pressing on both end faces to complete the clamping of the gears. However, for the fixture with this structure, the clamping firmness is poor, the workpiece is prone to rotation, and the machining quality is difficult to guarantee. Although using a shrink fit sleeve can well position the gears, the expandable range is small and the applicable range is narrow. In addition, we know that most of the cutting heat generated during turning is carried away by the chips. The higher the cutting speed and the greater the cutting thickness, the more heat is carried away by the chips. The heat transferred to the workpiece is the second, about 30%; the heat transferred to the cutting tool is even less, generally not exceeding 5%. During drilling, since the chips are not easily discharged from the hole, the heat carried away by the chips is relatively small, only about 30%, and about 50% of the heat is absorbed by the workpiece. Thus, it can be seen that during gear cutting, the gears themselves will also absorb more heat. The cutting heat transferred into the workpiece will cause the workpiece to expand due to heat and affect the machining accuracy. Currently, only spraying for cooling cannot quickly reduce the heat absorbed by the gears themselves. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this part is to outline some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this part, as well as in the abstract and title of the present invention, to avoid obscuring the purpose of this part, the abstract, and the title. However, such simplifications or omissions cannot be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0006] Therefore, the object of the present invention is to provide a positioning device for precision turning gears after heat treatment, which can position gears with different inner diameters through a pre-tightening block, and in combination with a tensioning block, can ensure the stability of gear positioning, guarantee the machining quality, further cool the cutting heat generated by the gears, and ensure the machining accuracy of the gears.

[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a positioning device for precision turning gears after heat treatment, adopting the following technical solutions: including:

[0008] A positioning seat;

[0009] A support column connected to the surface of the positioning seat;

[0010] A plurality of pre-tightening blocks are arrayed with the central axis of the support column as the array axis;

[0011] A transmission column member located inside the support column. The transmission column member is internally provided with a heat dissipation component. The lower edge of the transmission column member is provided with a first driving surface, and the first driving surface contacts the driven surface of the pre-tightening block. When the transmission column member moves downward, it drives the pre-tightening block to move horizontally away from the array axis for pre-positioning the gear;

[0012] A locking cap sleeved on one end of the support column away from the positioning seat for restricting the position of the transmission column member; a tensioning block movably arranged inside the transmission column member in the horizontal direction. One side of the tensioning block extending out of the transmission column member has a second driving surface contacting the driven surface of the pre-tightening block, and one side of the tensioning block located inside the transmission column member has a heat expansion body.

[0013] Optionally, the support column is a first circular cylinder, and an avoidance opening for the movement of the pre-tightening block is opened at the bottom of the outer side wall of the first circular cylinder.

[0014] Optionally, the driven surface of one side of the pre-tightening block located inside the transmission column member is a first inclined surface, and the other side is an arc surface.

[0015] Optionally, the transmission column member includes a heat conducting column and a first spring. One end of the first spring is fixed on the surface of the positioning seat, and the other end is fixed at the bottom of the heat conducting column. A wedge-shaped protrusion is provided at the lower edge of the heat conducting column. The wedge-shaped protrusion has a second inclined surface contacting the first inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is the first driving surface. The heat dissipation component includes a heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove located inside the heat conducting column and a plurality of heat conducting channels communicating with the heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove.

[0016] Optionally, the locking cap is a second circular cylinder with a diameter larger than that of the support column. The middle part of the outer side wall of the first circular cylinder is provided with an external thread, and the inner wall of the second circular cylinder is provided with an internal thread adapted to the external thread. The top of the second circular cylinder is provided with a ring body with a heat dissipation hole in the center, and a limiting ring column abutting against the top of the heat conducting column is provided at the bottom of the ring body.

[0017] Optionally, a limiting channel is opened at the bottom of the heat-conducting column, one end of the limiting channel passes through the second inclined surface of the wedge-shaped protrusion, the tensioning block slides sealingly in the limiting channel, a third spring is connected between the side wall of the limiting channel away from the passing end and the tensioning block, and is filled with a heat expansion body, and the side of the tensioning block extending out of the limiting channel has a third inclined surface in contact with the first inclined surface, and the third inclined surface serves as a second driving surface.

[0018] Optionally, the heat-expandable body is liquid mercury or heat-conducting oil.

[0019] Optionally, the positioning seat is a disc, and a clamping shaft is provided at the center of a side of the disc away from the supporting column.

[0020] Optionally, a plurality of centering and resetting components corresponding to the pre-tightening blocks are provided in the positioning seat.

[0021] Optionally, the centering reset assembly includes a guide column, a second spring and a connecting plate. The surface of the positioning seat is provided with a plurality of through grooves corresponding to the pre-tightening block. The length direction of the through grooves extends from a side close to the central axis of the support column to a moving direction of the pre-tightening block. The guide column is fixed in the through groove along the length direction of the through groove. The connecting plate is sleeved outside the guide column, and the top is connected to the bottom of the pre-tightening block. The second spring is connected between the connecting plate and an inner wall of one side of the through groove.

[0022] In summary, the present invention includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0023] 1. The pre-tightening block can be used to position and fix gears with different inner diameters. The locking cap is used to control the heat-conducting column to drive the pre-tightening block to move. It is easy to operate, saves the time of gear positioning, and improves processing efficiency.

[0024] 2. Through the tensioning block, the thermal expansion body can expand during the cutting process, thereby driving the tensioning block to control the movement of the pre-tightening block toward the inner ring of the gear. If there is deformation or relaxation between the pre-tightening block and the inner ring of the gear, and there is room for movement, the tensioning block can tighten the inner ring of the gear by the pre-tightening block, which can further ensure the processing accuracy of the gear.

[0025] 3. The preload block will transfer the heat to the heat-conducting column, and the heat dissipation components in the heat-conducting column will conduct the heat out, so that the heat absorbed by the gear itself during the cutting process can be quickly dissipated, thereby improving the machining accuracy of the gear. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings required for describing the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other accompanying drawings can be obtained based on these accompanying drawings without paying creative work.

[0027] Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 of the present invention Figure 1 cross-sectional view;

[0029] Figure 3 of the present invention Figure 1 cross-sectional front view along the plane where the central axis of the support column is located;

[0030] Figure 4 of the present invention Figure 3 enlarged schematic structural diagram of part A;

[0031] Figure 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the centering and resetting assembly of the present invention.

[0032] Explanation of reference numerals: 1, positioning seat; 101, disc; 102, clamping shaft; 2, support column; 201, avoidance opening; 202, external thread; 3, pre-tightening block; 301, driven surface; 302, arc surface; 4, transmission column member; 401, heat conducting column; 401-1, limiting channel; 401-2, third spring; 402, first spring; 403, wedge-shaped protrusion; 403-1, first driving surface; 5, locking cap; 501, second circular column body; 502, internal thread; 503, heat dissipation hole; 504, ring body; 505, limiting ring column; 6, tensioning block; 601, heat-expandable body; 602, second driving surface; 7, heat dissipation component; 701, heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove; 702, heat conducting channel; 8, centering and resetting assembly; 801, guiding column; 802, second spring; 803, connecting plate; 804, through groove. Detailed Description of the Invention

[0033] The following further describes the present invention in detail with reference to the attached Figures 1-5 drawings.

[0034] Embodiment 1

[0035] Referring to Figures 1-4 , the present invention discloses a positioning device for precision turning gears after heat treatment, comprising:

[0036] Positioning seat 1; the positioning seat 1 is a disc 101, which is convenient for determining the rotation center line when machining gears. A clamping shaft 102 is provided at the center of the side of the disc 101 away from the support column member. The setting of the clamping shaft 102 is convenient for connecting with a three-jaw chuck through the clamping shaft 102 when the gear is machined with possible rotation. The shape of the clamping shaft 102 can be selected according to actual needs. In this embodiment, it is preferably a cylindrical shaft member.

[0037] The support column 2 connected to the surface of the positioning seat 1; the support column 2 serves as the support for gear positioning. The support column 2 is in the shape of a first circular cylinder, and an avoidance opening 201 for the movement of the pre-tightening block 3 is provided at the bottom of the outer side wall of the first circular cylinder, so that the pre-tightening block 3 can be controlled by the transmission column member 4 in the support column 2 to move at the avoidance opening 201 to achieve the pre-tightening of gear positioning.

[0038] The transmission column member 4 located in the support column 2 has a plurality of pre-tightening blocks 3 arrayed with the central axis of the support column 2 as the array axis; so that the pre-tightening blocks 3 can abut and pre-tighten the inner ring of the gear. One side of the driven surface 301 of the pre-tightening block 3 inside the transmission column member 4 is a first inclined surface, and the other side is an arc surface 302. The lower edge of the transmission column member 4 is provided with a first driving surface 403-1. The first driving surface 403-1 contacts the driven surface 301 of the pre-tightening block 3. Through the driven surface 301 of the pre-tightening block 3, the downward movement of the transmission column member 4 can drive the pre-tightening block 3 to move horizontally in the direction away from the array axis for the pre-positioning of the gear, and the design of the arc surface 302 is to adapt to the inner ring of the gear.

[0039] Refer to Figures 2-3 , wherein, the transmission column member 4 includes a heat-conducting column 401 and a first spring 402. One end of the first spring 402 is fixed on the surface of the positioning seat 1, and the other end is fixed at the bottom of the heat-conducting column 401. Under the action of the first spring 402, when the heat-conducting column 401 is not under pressure, the first spring 402 will drive the heat-conducting column 401 to move upward, moving the pre-tightening block 3 towards the transmission column member 4, thereby realizing the disassembly of the gear. In order to realize the downward movement of the transmission column member 4 to drive the pre-tightening block 3 to move horizontally in the direction away from the array axis, the lower edge of the heat-conducting column 401 is provided with a wedge-shaped protrusion 403. The wedge-shaped protrusion 403 has a second inclined surface in contact with the first inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is the first driving surface 403-1.

[0040] The transmission column member 4 is internally provided with a heat dissipation component 7; the heat dissipation component 7 includes a heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove 701 located inside the heat-conducting column 401 and a plurality of heat-conducting channels 702 communicated with the heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove 701. The heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove 701 is located in the upper part of the heat-conducting column 401 for containing heat dissipation liquid. The plurality of heat-conducting channels 702 located inside the heat-conducting column 401 can increase the internal heat transfer area. The heat dissipation liquid in the heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove 701 flows into the heat-conducting channels 702, so that the heat in the heat-conducting channels 702 is conducted to the outside through the heat dissipation liquid. When the heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove 701 can also be connected to an external circulating cooling system to achieve the rapid cooling of the heat-conducting column 401, thereby reducing the heat generated by gear cutting.

[0041] A locking cap 5 sleeved on one end of the support column 2 away from the positioning seat 1 is used to limit the position of the transmission column member 4; specifically, the locking cap 5 is a second circular column body 501 with a diameter larger than that of the support column 2. An external thread 202 is provided in the middle of the outer side wall of the first circular column body, and an internal thread 502 adapted to the external thread 202 is provided on the inner wall of the second circular column body 501. A ring body 504 with a heat dissipation hole 503 opened in the center is provided at the top of the second circular column body 501. A limiting ring column 505 that abuts against the top of the heat conduction column 401 is provided at the bottom of the ring body 504. The second circular column body 501 is connected to the first circular column body in a threaded manner. When the second circular column body 501 rotates clockwise or counterclockwise and moves downward relative to the first circular column body, under the action of the limiting ring column 505, the heat conduction column 401 will be pressed down, so as to realize the pre-positioning of the pre-tightening block 3 on the gear. The ring body 504 with a heat dissipation hole 503 opened in the center at the top is to further improve the dissipation of the heat absorbed by the heat conduction column 401.

[0042] During the cutting process of the gear, in order to further improve the positioning of the gear, a tensioning block 6 embedded in the transmission column member 4 and moving horizontally is further included. One side of the tensioning block 6 extending out of the transmission column member 4 has a second driving surface 602 in contact with the driven surface 301 of the pre-tightening block 3. One side of the tensioning block 6 located in the transmission column member 4 has a heat expansion body 601. The heat expansion body 601 is mercury liquid or heat-conducting oil. When the heat conduction column 401 absorbs heat, the heat expansion body 601 will expand due to heat, so as to drive the tensioning block 6 to move in a direction away from the transmission column member 4. The tensioning block 6 is restricted by the direction and can only move horizontally. By having the tensioning block 6, there is a tendency to control the pre-tightening block 3 to move towards the inner ring of the gear. Because the position of the pre-tightening block 3 is limited by the position of the transmission column member 4, during the cutting process, if there is deformation or relaxation between the pre-tightening block 3 and the inner ring of the gear and there is a moving space, the tensioning block 6 can realize the tensioning of the pre-tightening block 3 on the inner ring of the gear.

[0043] Refer to Figure 4, Specifically, a limiting channel 401-1 is opened at the bottom of the heat-conducting column 401. One end of the limiting channel 401-1 penetrates through the second inclined surface of the wedge-shaped protrusion 403. The tensioning block 6 slides in the limiting channel 401-1 in a sealed manner. A third spring 401-2 is connected between one side wall of the limiting channel 401-1 far from the penetrating end and the tensioning block 6, and a heat-expandable body 601 is filled to prevent the heat-expandable body 601 from leaking. A heat-expandable body injection port may be provided on one side of the wedge-shaped protrusion 403. One side of the tensioning block 6 extending out of the limiting channel 401-1 has a third inclined surface in contact with the first inclined surface. The third inclined surface serves as the second driving surface 602. The second driving surface 602 of the tensioning block 6 penetrates through the second inclined surface of the wedge-shaped protrusion 403. When the tensioning block 6 is heated and tightened, the second driving surface 602 can replace the second inclined surface. That is, when disassembling the gear, if the tensioning block 6 cannot be reset due to the third spring 401-2 when heated, when the heat-conducting column 401 moves upward, the second driving surface 602 is driven to move upward, and the pre-tightening block 3 will also move in the direction of the heat-conducting column 3, thereby realizing the disassembly of the gear.

[0044] Working principle:

[0045] During installation, the heat-treated finish-turned gear to be machined is sleeved outside the support column body 2. The locking cap 5 is connected to the support column body 2 in a threaded form. By rotating the locking cap 5, the locking cap 5 moves downward along the outer wall of the support column body 2. The downward movement of the locking cap 5 will press down the heat-conducting column 401 through the limiting ring column 506. The downward movement of the heat-conducting column 401 will drive each pre-tightening block 3 to move towards the inner ring of the gear through the wedge-shaped protrusion 403 at the bottom, thereby realizing the positioning of the gear. When it is difficult to rotate the locking cap 5, it proves that the pre-tightening block 3 has been pre-tightened with the gear, and the operation is convenient; since part of the heat will be absorbed by the gear itself during the cutting process of the gear, in order to quickly dissipate the heat of the gear, the heat is transferred to the heat-conducting column 401 through the pre-tightening block 3, and the heat is exported through the heat dissipation component 7 in the heat-conducting column 401, improving the machining accuracy of the gear. By setting the tensioning block;

[0046] During the cutting process, the heat-expandable body 601 will expand due to heat, thereby driving the tensioning block 6 to have a tendency to control the pre-tightening block 3 to move towards the inner ring of the gear. If there is deformation or relaxation between the pre-tightening block 3 and the inner ring of the gear and there is a movable space, the tensioning block 6 can realize the tightening of the pre-tightening block 3 on the inner ring of the gear, which can further ensure the machining accuracy of the gear;

[0047] During disassembly, only need to rotate the locking cap 5 to make the locking cap 5 move upward along the outer wall of the support column body 2, thereby driving the wedge-shaped protrusion 403 or the tensioning block 6 to move upward, and the pre-tightening block 3 can move in the direction away from the inner ring of the gear to realize the removal of the gear.

[0048] Embodiment 2

[0049] Refer toFigure 5 In this embodiment, in order to enable the pre-tightening block 3 to move synchronously towards or away from the transmission column 4 when the transmission column 4 moves up and down, so as to synchronously position and fix and remove the gear, based on the same concept as in the above-mentioned first embodiment, this post-heat precision turning gear positioning device further includes a plurality of centering and resetting components 8 provided in the positioning seat 1 and corresponding to the pre-tightening block 3.

[0050] The centering and resetting component 8 includes a guide post 801, a second spring 802 and a connecting plate 803. A plurality of through grooves 804 corresponding to the pre-tightening block 3 are formed on the surface of the positioning seat 1. The length direction of the through groove 804 extends from the side close to the central axis of the support column 2 towards the moving direction of the pre-tightening block 3. The guide post 801 is fixed in the through groove 804 along the length direction of the through groove 804. The connecting plate 803 is sleeved outside the guide post 801, and the top is connected to the bottom of the pre-tightening block 3. A second spring 802 is connected between the connecting plate 803 and one inner wall of the through groove 804.

[0051] The connecting plate 803 connected to the bottom of the pre-tightening block 3 is limited by the guide post 801 in the through groove 804, so as to ensure that the pre-tightening block 3 can only move along a predetermined track. Combined with the second spring 802, when the transmission column 4 moves up and down, the pre-tightening block 3 will move synchronously towards or away from the transmission column 4.

[0052] The above are all the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited by this. Therefore, all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gear positioning device for finish turning after heat treatment, characterized in that: Including: A positioning seat (1); A support column (2) connected to the surface of the positioning seat (1); A plurality of pre-tightening blocks (3) are arrayed with the central axis of the support column (2) as the array axis; A transmission column member (4) located inside the support column (2), a heat dissipation component (7) is built in the transmission column member (4), a first driving surface (403-1) is provided at the lower edge of the transmission column member (4), the first driving surface (403-1) contacts the driven surface (301) of the pre-tightening block (3), and when the transmission column member (4) moves downward, it drives the pre-tightening block (3) to move horizontally away from the array axis for pre-positioning of the gear; A locking cap (5) sleeved on one end of the support column (2) away from the positioning seat (1) for restricting the position of the transmission column member (4); A tensioning block (6) movably embedded in the transmission column member (4) in the horizontal direction, one side of the tensioning block (6) extending out of the transmission column member (4) has a second driving surface (602) contacting the driven surface (301) of the pre-tightening block (3), and one side of the tensioning block (6) located inside the transmission column member (4) has a heat-expandable body (601); The transmission column member (4) includes a heat-conducting column (401) and a first spring (402), one end of the first spring (402) is fixed on the surface of the positioning seat (1), the other end is fixed at the bottom of the heat-conducting column (401), a wedge-shaped protrusion (403) is provided at the lower edge of the heat-conducting column (401), the wedge-shaped protrusion (403) has a second inclined surface contacting the first inclined surface, and the second inclined surface is the first driving surface (403-1), and the heat dissipation component (7) includes a heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove (701) located inside the heat-conducting column (401) and a plurality of heat-conducting channels (702) communicating with the heat dissipation liquid accommodating groove (701); The locking cap (5) is a second circular column body (501) with a diameter larger than that of the support column (2), an external thread (202) is provided in the middle of the outer side wall of the first circular column body, an internal thread (502) adapted to the external thread (202) is provided on the inner wall of the second circular column body (501), a ring body (504) with a heat dissipation hole (503) opened at the center is provided at the top of the second circular column body (501), and a limiting ring column (505) abutting against the top of the heat-conducting column (401) is provided at the bottom of the ring body (504); A limiting channel (401-1) is opened at the bottom of the heat-conducting column (401), one end of the limiting channel (401-1) penetrates through the second inclined surface of the wedge-shaped protrusion (403), the tensioning block (6) slides in the limiting channel (401-1) in a sealed manner, a third spring (401-2) is connected between the side wall of the limiting channel (401-1) far from the penetrating end and the tensioning block (6), and a heat-expandable body (601) is filled, and one side of the tensioning block (6) extending out of the limiting channel (401-1) has a third inclined surface contacting the first inclined surface, and the third inclined surface serves as the second driving surface (602).

2. The positioning device for precision turning gears after heat treatment according to claim 1, wherein: The support column (2) is a first circular column body, and an avoidance opening (201) for the movement of the pre-tightening block (3) is opened at the bottom of the outer side wall of the first circular column body.

3. The positioning device for precision turning gears after heat treatment according to claim 2, wherein: One side of the pre-tightening block (3) located inside the transmission column part (4) is a first inclined surface of the driven surface (301), and the other side is an arc surface (302).

4. A post-heat finish turning gear positioning device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The heat-expanded body (601) is mercury liquid or heat-conducting oil.

5. A post-heat finish turning gear positioning device according to claim 1, wherein: The positioning seat (1) is a disc (101), and a clamping shaft (102) is provided at the center of the side of the disc (101) away from the support column part.

6. A post-heat finish-turning gear positioning device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: A plurality of centering and resetting components (8) corresponding to the pre-tightening blocks (3) are arranged in the positioning seat (1).

7. A post-heat finish turning gear positioning device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The centering and resetting component (8) includes a guiding column (801), a second spring (802) and a connecting plate (803). A plurality of through grooves (804) corresponding to the pre-tightening blocks (3) are formed on the surface of the positioning seat (1). The length direction of the through groove (804) extends from the side close to the central axis of the support column body (2) to the moving direction of the pre-tightening block (3). The guiding column (801) is fixed in the through groove (804) along the length direction of the through groove (804). The connecting plate (803) is sleeved outside the guiding column (801), and the top is connected to the bottom of the pre-tightening block (3). The second spring (802) is connected between the connecting plate (803) and one inner wall of the through groove (804).

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