A prefabrication process and equipment for prefabricated rail top air duct components

Abstract

The present invention belongs to the technical field of prefabrication of rail top air duct components, specifically, a prefabrication process and equipment for prefabricated rail top air duct components, including a base, a first template is installed on the top surface of the base, and the first template is a horizontal surface after installation, and a second template is arranged on the top surface of the first template, and the second template is perpendicular to the top surface of the first template. In the prefabrication process and equipment for prefabricated rail top air duct components described in the present invention, the first template is combined with the second template and the third template to form a prefabricated space for pouring concrete, and concrete is poured into the prefabricated space. After the concrete cools, the driving rod drives the template to separate from the prefabricated component, and then the prefabricated component is pushed on the third template by the push plate. The stress point area of ​​the prefabricated component is much larger than the stress point area generated by the extrusion of the top rod, and the surface of the prefabricated component will not be damaged by extrusion, so the surface of the prefabricated component is avoided from being damaged, and the quality of the prefabricated component is guaranteed to be excellent.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of prefabrication of rail top air duct components, in particular to a prefabrication process and equipment for prefabricating rail top air duct components. Background Art

[0002] The track top air duct, that is, the train top exhaust duct, is an important internal structural component in the subway station ventilation system. It is hung at the intersection of the station center plate and the structural side wall. Its function is to ventilate and dissipate heat on the top of the train. The train air-conditioning condenser is set on the top of the train car. When the air-conditioning is running, the heat inside the car is dissipated to the air on the top of the car through the air-conditioning condenser. The hot air diffuses in the tunnel and increases the tunnel temperature. The station track top air duct can efficiently discharge the heat emitted by the subway air-conditioning system to the outside world, so as to achieve the standard that the maximum temperature in the tunnel in summer does not exceed 40 degrees.

[0003] The rail top air duct is formed by combining multiple components. Usually, the rail top air duct components need to be cast with concrete in advance. The cast rail top air duct components are transported to the rail for installation. The existing rail top air duct components are prefabricated by casting molds. During the specific casting, concrete needs to be poured into the mold, and the mold is opened when the concrete solidifies. When the mold is opened, the prefabricated components need to be pushed out of the mold by a push rod. The prefabricated components have limited force points. When the surface of the prefabricated components is concentratedly squeezed and the squeezing force is too large, the surface of the prefabricated components will be damaged, which will lead to poor quality of the prefabricated components.

[0004] To this end, the present invention provides a prefabrication process and equipment for prefabricated rail top air duct components. Summary of the invention

[0005] In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, at least one technical problem raised in the background technology is solved.

[0006] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problem is: a prefabricated device for a prefabricated rail top air duct component described in the present invention comprises a base, a first template is installed on the top surface of the base, the first template is a horizontal surface after installation, a second template is arranged on the top surface of the first template, the second template is perpendicular to the top surface of the first template, a third template used in conjunction with the second template is arranged on the top surface of the first template, a space formed by the combination of the second template, the first template and the third template is a prefabricated space for pouring concrete, a driving rod is vertically installed on the vertical surface of the second template, the end of the driving rod is connected to the output end of the hydraulic mechanism, there are two driving rods, and the other is installed on the second template; when in use, the second template and the third template are arranged The first template is placed on the third template, and the first template is combined with the second template and the third template to form a prefabricated space for pouring concrete. The second template and the third template are driven to move by the hydraulic mechanism arranged at the end of the driving rod, and then concrete is poured into the opening of the prefabricated space until the prefabricated space is filled. When the concrete cools, the hydraulic mechanism is controlled to drive the second template and the third template to separate from the prefabricated component through the driving rod, and the prefabricated component does not need to be pushed by the push rod. After the second template and the third template are separated from the prefabricated component, the prefabricated component is pushed on the third template by the push plate. The stress point area of ​​the prefabricated component is much larger than the stress point area generated by the extrusion of the push rod. The surface of the prefabricated component will not be damaged by extrusion. The entire prefabrication process does not need to be pushed by the push rod. The second template and the third template are first removed, and then the adhesion between the prefabricated component and the first template is released.

[0007] Preferably, a support frame is installed on the surface of the driving rod, and a receiving plate is fixedly connected to the end of the support frame, and three pairs of limiting plates are fixedly connected to the vertical surface of the receiving plate facing the driving rod, and arc grooves are opened on the opposite sides of a pair of limiting plates, and a baffle is arranged between the pair of limiting plates, one end of the baffle is located outside the relative space of the pair of limiting plates, and the other end is located inside the relative space of the pair of limiting plates, and the end located inside the relative space of the pair of limiting plates is set in a circular shape and embedded in the arc groove; a support spring is arranged between the baffle and the limiting plate;

[0008] A pair of connecting rods are arranged at the upper and lower parts of the driving rod, and three pairs of clamping plates are arranged on the side of the connecting rod, and the baffle plate extends into the position between the pair of the clamping plates, and the connecting rod replaces the driving rod to be connected with the second template and the third template; when in use, when the second template is driven to separate from the prefabricated component by the driving rod, the driving rod drives the second template to move through the connecting rod, and at the same time, the connecting rod squeezes the baffle plate to compress the supporting spring. As the pulling force increases, the baffle plate gradually deflects. When the pulling force increases to a certain extent, the baffle plate deflects and separates from the clamping plate, so that the connecting rod drives the clamping plate to move relative to the driving rod, and the pulling force of the connecting rod on the second template is buffered and cannot be further increased. The second template is buffered when it separates from the prefabricated component, thereby avoiding forced separation when the adhesion force between the prefabricated component and the second template is too large, causing damage to the prefabricated component.

[0009] Preferably, a slide groove is provided on the top surface of the connecting rod, and an oscillation block is slidably connected inside the slide groove, the top of the oscillation block is located above the slide groove slot, and two pressure springs are provided inside the slide groove and on both sides of the oscillation block; when in use, when the connecting rod drives the splint to move relative to the driving rod, the splint will press against the surface of another baffle again and then stop moving, the connecting rod generates an inertial force, and the oscillation block inside its slide groove compresses the pressure spring under the action of inertia, and simultaneously hits the second template connected to the connecting rod, the second template generates oscillation after being hit, and the oscillation force gradually eliminates the adhesion between the prefabricated component and the template, and the oscillation block can be manually driven to hit the template.

[0010] Preferably, the baffle comprises a first connecting plate and a second connecting plate, the first connecting plate having a connecting groove on one side facing the second connecting plate, the first connecting plate having a positioning hole on a top side thereof, the positioning hole penetrating the connecting groove, the second connecting plate having a connecting block on one side facing the first connecting plate fixedly connected to the connecting block, the top side of the connecting block having a positioning groove on the other side thereof, the notch size of the positioning groove being the same as the hole size of the positioning hole, a positioning pin being inserted into the positioning hole, the bottom end of the positioning pin being inserted into the positioning groove; wherein when in use, the second connecting plate drives the connecting block to move in the connecting groove of the first connecting plate, and the position of the baffle as a whole is adjusted to extend between the clamping plates, and then the positioning pin is inserted through the positioning hole and inserted into the positioning groove to limit the position of the connecting block inside the connecting groove; the extrusion force required for the clamping plate to squeeze the baffle to deflect and disengage from the baffle increases with the increase of the degree of deflection of the baffle, and is proportional to the depth of the baffle extending between the clamping plates, so the extrusion force required for the clamping plate to disengage from the baffle can be adjusted, and the pulling force of the connecting rod to drive the second template to disengage from the prefabricated component can be adjusted.

[0011] Preferably, an isolation cover is sleeved on the top of the second formwork and the third formwork combination, and a pouring hole is opened on the top surface of the isolation cover, and below the pouring hole is an opening formed by the second formwork and the third formwork combination for pouring concrete; when in use, the isolation cover is sleeved on the opening formed by the second formwork and the third formwork combination for pouring concrete, and the inner wall of the isolation cover attaches the vertical surfaces of the second formwork and the third formwork. When pouring concrete, concrete is injected into the pouring hole through a pipeline, and splashes generated during concrete pouring are blocked by the isolation cover. When the concrete fills the prefabricated space for pouring concrete formed by the combination of the first formwork, the second formwork and the third formwork, the pouring is stopped, and then the isolation cover is taken out. The isolation cover isolates the pouring space during the pouring process.

[0012] Preferably, the interior of the isolation cover is slidably connected with a first scraper, the number of the first scrapers is two, and the bottom surface position is higher than the bottom surface of the isolation cover, a first pull rod is vertically installed on the vertical surface of the first scraper, a first through hole corresponding to and adapted to the first pull rod is opened on the surface of the isolation cover, a first discharge hole corresponding to the first scraper is opened on the surface of the isolation cover, a first blocking block is inserted inside the first discharge hole, two second scrapers are slidably connected to the interior of the isolation cover, the bottom surface position of the second scraper is higher than the bottom surface of the isolation cover, a second pull rod is vertically installed on the vertical surface of the second scraper, a second through hole corresponding to and adapted to the second pull rod is opened on the surface of the isolation cover, a second discharge hole corresponding to the first scraper is opened on the surface of the isolation cover, and a second blocking block is inserted inside the second discharge hole;

[0013] When the isolation cover is inserted into the top of the second formwork and the third formwork combination, the two first scrapers are located at the center of the isolation cover and press against each other; when in use, when the isolation cover is sleeved on the opening formed by the second formwork and the third formwork combination for pouring concrete, the bottom surfaces of the first scraper and the second scraper in the isolation cover are in contact with the top surface of the opening. After the pouring is completed, the staff first pulls the first scraper through the first pull rod, and the first scraper scrapes part of the concrete in the isolation cover, and this part of the concrete is located above the opening. When the first scraper pushes the concrete to reach the first discharge hole on the inner wall of the isolation cover, the second scraper cooperates to prevent the concrete from being dispersed when being pushed, and then the first blocking block is pulled out, and the concrete is discharged from the isolation cover through the first discharge hole. Then, the second pull rod is pulled to drive the second scraper to move in the isolation cover, and the second scraper pushes the concrete close to the second discharge hole, pulls out the second blocking block, and the concrete is discharged from the isolation cover again through the second discharge hole; the discharged concrete is received by the receiving mechanism.

[0014] Preferably, rubber rings are provided on the surfaces of the first blocking block and the second blocking block, and after the blocking blocks are inserted into the discharge hole, the rubber rings are squeezed by the inner wall of the hole; when in use, the rubber rings provided on the surfaces of the first blocking block and the second blocking block will increase the sealing performance with the discharge hole, and the rubber rings can be deformed, so when cleaning the sticky and solidified concrete on the surface of the blocking block, cleaning can be facilitated by changing the shape of the rubber rings.

[0015] Preferably, a support frame is installed on the top surface of the base, and a hydraulic cylinder is installed on the surface of the support frame. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder is vertically downward, and the bottom end of the hydraulic cylinder output end is fixedly connected to an extrusion block. When the bottom surface of the extrusion block moves up and down, it passes through the opening for pouring concrete formed on the top of the second template and the third template combination; when in use, when the template is separated from the prefabricated component, the hydraulic cylinder is driven, and the hydraulic cylinder drives the extrusion block to move downward, and the extrusion block squeezes the top surface of the prefabricated component to limit the prefabricated component and improve the stability of the prefabricated component when demolding.

[0016] Preferably, a plug-in groove is provided on the vertical surface of the extrusion block, a plug-in plate is plugged into the plug-in groove, the plug-in plate is arranged in an L shape, a booster plate is installed at the bottom end of the plug-in plate, and the bottom surface of the booster plate passes through the opening for pouring concrete formed at the top of the second formwork and the third formwork combination when it moves up and down; when in use, the extrusion block drives the booster plate to extrude the top surface of the prefabricated component through the plug-in plate, and the provision of the booster plate increases the force-bearing area of ​​the prefabricated component to prevent the extrusion force from being too concentrated and causing surface damage when the prefabricated component is restricted by extrusion.

[0017] A prefabrication process for a prefabricated rail top air duct component, the process comprising the following steps:

[0018] S1, the second template and the third template are arranged on the third template, and the first template, the second template and the third template are combined to form a prefabricated space for pouring concrete;

[0019] S2, the second template and the third template are driven to move by a hydraulic mechanism arranged at the end of the driving rod, and then concrete is poured into the opening of the prefabricated space until the prefabricated space is filled;

[0020] S3, when the concrete cools, the hydraulic mechanism is controlled to drive the second formwork and the third formwork to separate from the precast component through the driving rod;

[0021] S4, after the second template and the third template are separated from the prefabricated component, the prefabricated component is pushed on the third template by a push plate;

[0022] S5. Remove the prepared prefabricated component from the base through the transfer device, restore the positions of the second template and the third template, and repeat the operation.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The prefabrication process and equipment of a prefabricated rail top air duct component described in the present invention comprises the following steps: a second template and a third template are arranged on a first template; the first template, the second template and the third template are combined to form a prefabricated space for pouring concrete; concrete is poured into the prefabricated space; after the concrete cools, a driving rod drives the template to separate from the prefabricated component; then the prefabricated component is pushed on the third template by a pushing plate; the stress point area of ​​the prefabricated component is much larger than the stress point area generated by extrusion by a push rod; the surface of the prefabricated component will not be damaged by extrusion; the entire prefabrication process does not need to be pushed by a push rod; the second template and the third template are first removed, and then the adhesion between the prefabricated component and the first template is released, so that the surface of the prefabricated component is prevented from being damaged, thereby ensuring the excellent quality of the prefabricated component.

[0025] 2. A prefabrication process and equipment for a prefabricated rail top air duct component described in the present invention comprises: an isolation cover is arranged on the second template and the third template. When in use, the isolation cover is sleeved on the opening for pouring concrete formed by the combination of the second template and the third template. The inner wall of the isolation cover adheres the vertical surfaces of the second template and the third template. When pouring concrete, concrete is injected into the pouring hole through a pipeline. The splash generated during concrete pouring is blocked by the isolation cover. When the concrete fills the prefabricated space for pouring concrete formed by the combination of the first template, the second template and the third template, the pouring is stopped, and then the isolation cover is taken out. During the pouring process, the isolation cover isolates the pouring space to prevent concrete from splashing out of the prefabricated space and contaminating the outer surfaces of the second template and the third template. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0027] Figure 1 is a stereogram of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the structure on the connecting rod of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 The present invention Figure 2 The enlarged schematic diagram of part A in the middle;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic diagram of the sleeve connection position of the isolation cover of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the structure inside the isolation cover of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the structure of the extrusion block of the present invention.

[0034] In the figure: 1. base; 11. first template; 12. second template; 13. third template; 14. driving rod; 2. support frame; 21. receiving plate; 22. limiting plate; 23. baffle; 24. supporting spring; 25. connecting rod; 26. clamping plate; 27. slide groove; 28. pressure spring; 29. ​​oscillation block; 3. first connecting plate; 31. connecting groove; 32. second connecting plate; 33. connecting block; 34. positioning pin; 4. isolation cover; 41. pouring hole; 5. first scraper; 51. first pull rod; 52. first discharge hole; 53. first blocking block; 6. second scraper; 61. second pull rod; 62. second discharge hole; 63. second blocking block; 7. support frame; 71. hydraulic cylinder; 72. extrusion block; 73. plug-in plate; 74. booster plate. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects achieved by the present invention easy to understand, the present invention is further explained below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0036] Embodiment 1

[0037] like Figure 1As shown, a prefabricated device for a prefabricated rail top air duct component according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises a base 1, a first template 11 is installed on the top surface of the base 1, the first template 11 is a horizontal surface after installation, a second template 12 is arranged on the top surface of the first template 11, the second template 12 is perpendicular to the top surface of the first template 11, a third template 13 used in conjunction with the second template 12 is arranged on the top surface of the first template 11, a space formed by the combination of the second template 12, the first template 11 and the third template 13 is a prefabricated space for pouring concrete, a driving rod 14 is vertically installed on the vertical surface of the second template 12, and the driving rod 14 is installed on the vertical surface of the second template 12. The end of the moving rod 14 is connected to the output end of the hydraulic mechanism. There are two driving rods 14, and the other one is installed on the second template 12. The rail top air duct is formed by combining multiple components. Usually, the rail top air duct components need to be cast with concrete in advance. The cast rail top air duct components are transported to the track for installation. The existing rail top air duct components are prefabricated by casting molds. During the specific casting, concrete needs to be poured into the mold. When the concrete is solidified, the mold is opened. When the mold is opened, the prefabricated component needs to be ejected out of the mold by a push rod. The prefabricated component has limited force points. When the surface of the prefabricated component is concentrated When the extrusion is performed and the extrusion force is too large, the surface of the prefabricated component will be damaged, thereby resulting in poor quality of the prefabricated component; when the embodiment of the present invention is used, the second template 12 and the third template 13 are arranged on the third template 13, and the first template 11, the second template 12 and the third template 13 are combined to form a prefabricated space for pouring concrete, and the second template 12 and the third template 13 are driven to move by the hydraulic mechanism arranged at the end of the driving rod 14, and then concrete is poured into the opening of the prefabricated space until the prefabricated space is filled. When the concrete cools, the hydraulic mechanism is controlled to drive the first template 11 through the driving rod 14 to move. The second template 12 and the third template 13 are separated from the prefabricated component, and the prefabricated component does not need to be pushed by the push rod. After the second template 12 and the third template 13 are separated from the prefabricated component, the prefabricated component is pushed on the third template 13 by the push plate. The stress point area of ​​the prefabricated component is much larger than the stress point area generated by the extrusion of the push rod. The surface of the prefabricated component will not be damaged by extrusion. The entire prefabrication process does not need to be pushed by the push rod. By first removing the second template 12 and the third template 13, and then releasing the adhesion between the prefabricated component and the first template 11, the surface of the prefabricated component is prevented from being damaged, thereby ensuring the excellent quality of the prefabricated component.

[0038] like Figures 2 to 3As shown, a support frame 2 is installed on the surface of the driving rod 14, and a receiving plate 21 is fixedly connected to the end of the support frame 2. Three pairs of limiting plates 22 are fixedly connected to the vertical surface of the receiving plate 21 facing the driving rod 14. An arc groove is opened on the opposite side of a pair of limiting plates 22. A baffle 23 is arranged between the pair of limiting plates 22. One end of the baffle 23 is located outside the relative space of the pair of limiting plates 22, and the other end is located inside the relative space of the pair of limiting plates 22. The end located inside the relative space of the pair of limiting plates 22 is set in a circular shape and embedded in the arc groove; a support spring 24 is arranged between the baffle 23 and the limiting plate 22.

[0039] A pair of connecting rods 25 are provided at the upper and lower parts of the driving rod 14, and three pairs of clamping plates 26 are provided on the side of the connecting rod 25. The baffle plate 23 extends into the position between the pair of clamping plates 26, and the connecting rod 25 replaces the driving rod 14 to connect with the second template 12 and the third template 13; when in use, when the second template 12 is driven to separate from the prefabricated component by the driving rod 14, the driving rod 14 drives the second template 12 to move through the connecting rod 25, and at the same time, the connecting rod 25 squeezes the baffle plate 23 to compress the supporting spring 24. As the pulling force increases, the baffle plate 23 gradually deflects. When the pulling force increases to a certain extent, the baffle plate 23 deflects and separates from the clamping plate 26, so that the connecting rod 25 drives the clamping plate 26 to move relative to the driving rod 14, and the pulling force of the connecting rod 25 on the second template 12 is buffered and cannot be further increased. The second template 12 is buffered when it separates from the prefabricated component, so as to avoid forced separation when the adhesion force between the prefabricated component and the second template 12 is too large, causing damage to the prefabricated component; similarly, the same structure exists on the third template 13, and the above process can be performed.

[0040] A slide groove 27 is provided on the top surface of the connecting rod 25, and an oscillation block 29 is slidably connected inside the slide groove 27. The top of the oscillation block 29 is located above the notch of the slide groove 27, and two pressure springs 28 are arranged inside the slide groove 27 and on both sides of the oscillation block 29; when in use, when the connecting rod 25 drives the clamping plate 26 to move relative to the driving rod 14, the clamping plate 26 will press against the surface of another baffle 23 again and then stop moving. The connecting rod 25 generates an inertial force, and the oscillation block 29 inside the slide groove 27 compresses the pressure spring 28 under the action of inertia, and at the same time hits the second template 12 connected to the connecting rod 25. The second template 12 generates oscillation after being hit, and the oscillation force gradually eliminates the adhesion between the prefabricated component and the template, and the oscillation block 29 can be manually driven to hit the template to reduce the adhesion between the prefabricated component and the template, so as to facilitate the template to separate from the prefabricated component.

[0041] like Figure 4As shown, the baffle 23 includes a first connecting plate 3 and a second connecting plate 32. A connecting groove 31 is provided on a side of the first connecting plate 3 facing the second connecting plate 32. A positioning hole is provided on the top surface of the first connecting plate 3. The positioning hole penetrates the connecting groove 31. A connecting block 33 is fixedly connected to a side of the second connecting plate 32 facing the first connecting plate 3. A positioning groove is provided on the top surface of the connecting block 33. The notch size of the positioning groove is the same as the hole size of the positioning hole. A positioning pin 34 is inserted into the positioning hole. The bottom end of the positioning pin 34 is inserted into the positioning groove. When in use, the second connecting plate 32 drives the connecting block 33 on the first connecting plate 3 to connect. The baffle 23 is moved in the connecting groove 31 to adjust the position between the clamping plates 26 as a whole, and then the positioning pin 34 is inserted through the positioning hole and inserted into the positioning groove to limit the position of the connecting block 33 inside the connecting groove 31; the extrusion force required for the clamping plate 26 to squeeze the baffle 23 to deflect and disengage from the baffle 23 increases with the increase in the deflection degree of the baffle 23, and is proportional to the depth of the baffle 23 extending between the clamping plates 26. Therefore, the extrusion force required for the clamping plate 26 to disengage from the baffle 23 can be adjusted, and the pulling force of the connecting rod 25 to drive the second template 12 to disengage from the prefabricated component can be adjusted, which is suitable for the demoulding of prefabricated components made of different types of concrete.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, an isolation cover 4 is sleeved on the top of the second formwork 12 and the third formwork 13 combination, and a pouring hole 41 is opened on the top surface of the isolation cover 4. Below the pouring hole 41 is an opening for pouring concrete formed by the second formwork 12 and the third formwork 13 combination; when in use, the isolation cover 4 is sleeved on the opening for pouring concrete formed by the second formwork 12 and the third formwork 13 combination, and the inner wall of the isolation cover 4 adheres to the vertical surfaces of the second formwork 12 and the third formwork 13. When pouring concrete, concrete is injected into the pouring hole 41 through a pipeline. Splashing generated during concrete pouring is blocked by the isolation cover 4. When the concrete fills the prefabricated space for pouring concrete formed by the combination of the first formwork 11, the second formwork 12 and the third formwork 13, the pouring is stopped, and then the isolation cover 4 is taken out. During the pouring process, the isolation cover 4 isolates the pouring space to prevent concrete from splashing out of the prefabricated space and contaminating the outer surfaces of the second formwork 12 and the third formwork 13.

[0043] like Figure 6As shown, the interior of the isolation cover 4 is slidably connected with a first scraper 5, the number of the first scraper 5 is two, and the bottom surface position is higher than the bottom surface of the isolation cover 4, the vertical surface of the first scraper 5 is vertically installed with a first pull rod 51, the surface of the isolation cover 4 is provided with a first through hole corresponding to and adapted to the first pull rod 51, the surface of the isolation cover 4 is provided with a first discharge hole 52 corresponding to the first scraper 5, and the first discharge hole 52 is plugged with a first blocking block 53, the interior of the isolation cover 4 is slidably connected with two second scrapers 6, the bottom surface position of the second scraper 6 is higher than the bottom surface of the isolation cover 4, the vertical surface of the second scraper 6 is vertically installed with a second pull rod 61, the surface of the isolation cover 4 is provided with a second through hole corresponding to and adapted to the second pull rod 61, the surface of the isolation cover 4 is provided with a second discharge hole 62 corresponding to the first scraper 5, and the second blocking block 63 is plugged with the second discharge hole 62;

[0044] When the isolation cover 4 is inserted into the top of the second template 12 and the third template 13 combination, the two first scrapers 5 are located at the center of the isolation cover 4 and press against each other; when in use, when the isolation cover 4 is sleeved on the opening for pouring concrete formed by the second template 12 and the third template 13 combination, the bottom surfaces of the first scraper 5 and the second scraper 6 in the isolation cover 4 are in contact with the top surface of the opening. After the pouring is completed, the staff first pulls the first scraper 5 through the first pull rod 51, and the first scraper 5 scrapes part of the concrete in the isolation cover 4, and this part of the concrete is located above the opening. When the first scraper 5 pushes the concrete to the first discharge hole 52 on the inner wall of the isolation cover 4, the second The scraper 6 cooperates to prevent the concrete from dispersing when being pushed, and then the first blocking block 53 is pulled out, and the concrete is discharged from the isolation cover 4 through the first discharge hole 52. Then, the second pull rod 61 is pulled to drive the second scraper 6 to move in the isolation cover 4, and the second scraper 6 pushes the concrete to approach the second discharge hole 62, and the second blocking block 63 is pulled out, and the concrete is discharged from the isolation cover 4 again through the second discharge hole 62; the discharged concrete is received by the receiving mechanism, and when the isolation cover 4 is taken out upward, a large amount of excess concrete poured in the isolation cover 4 is discharged in advance, so as to avoid excessive concrete pouring and the concrete overflowing to the outer surface of the second template 12 and the third template 13 after the isolation cover 4 is removed.

[0045] Rubber rings are arranged on the surfaces of the first blocking block 53 and the second blocking block 63. After the blocking blocks are inserted into the discharge holes, the rubber rings are squeezed by the inner walls of the holes. When in use, the rubber rings arranged on the surfaces of the first blocking block 53 and the second blocking block 63 will increase the sealing performance with the discharge holes. The rubber rings are deformable, and when cleaning the sticky and solidified concrete on the surfaces of the blocking blocks, cleaning can be facilitated by changing the shape of the rubber rings.

[0046] Embodiment 2

[0047] Comparative Example 1, wherein another embodiment of the present invention is: Figure 7As shown, a support frame 7 is installed on the top surface of the base 1, and a hydraulic cylinder 71 is installed on the surface of the support frame 7. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 71 is vertically downward, and the bottom end of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 71 is fixedly connected to an extrusion block 72. When the bottom surface of the extrusion block 72 moves up and down, it passes through the opening for pouring concrete formed on the top of the combination of the second template 12 and the third template 13; when in use, when the template is separated from the prefabricated component, the hydraulic cylinder 71 is driven, and the hydraulic cylinder 71 drives the extrusion block 72 to move downward, and the extrusion block 72 squeezes the top surface of the prefabricated component to limit the prefabricated component and improve the stability of the prefabricated component when demolding.

[0048] A plug-in slot is provided on the vertical surface of the extrusion block 72, in which a plug-in plate 73 is plugged. The plug-in plate 73 is arranged in an L shape, and a booster plate 74 is installed at the bottom end of the plug-in plate 73. When the bottom surface of the booster plate 74 moves up and down, it passes through the opening for pouring concrete formed at the top of the combination of the second template 12 and the third template 13; when in use, the extrusion block 72 drives the booster plate 74 to extrude the top surface of the prefabricated component through the plug-in plate 73. The setting of the booster plate 74 increases the force-bearing area of ​​the prefabricated component, preventing the extrusion force from being too concentrated when the prefabricated component is extruded and restricted, resulting in surface damage.

[0049] The embodiment of the present invention further provides a prefabrication process of a prefabricated rail top air duct component, the process comprising the following steps:

[0050] S1, the second formwork 12 and the third formwork 13 are arranged on the third formwork 13, and the first formwork 11, the second formwork 12 and the third formwork 13 are combined to form a prefabricated space for pouring concrete;

[0051] S2, the second template 12 and the third template 13 are driven to move by the hydraulic mechanism provided at the end of the driving rod 14, and then concrete is poured into the opening of the prefabricated space until the prefabricated space is filled;

[0052] S3, when the concrete cools down, the hydraulic mechanism is controlled to drive the second formwork 12 and the third formwork 13 to separate from the prefabricated component through the driving rod 14;

[0053] S4, after the second template 12 and the third template 13 are separated from the prefabricated component, the prefabricated component is pushed on the third template 13 by a push plate;

[0054] S5. Remove the prepared prefabricated component from the base 1 by using a transfer device, restore the positions of the second template 12 and the third template 13, and repeat the operation.

[0055] During operation, the embodiment of the present invention sets the second template 12 and the third template 13 on the third template 13, and the first template 11, the second template 12 and the third template 13 are combined to form a prefabricated space for pouring concrete. The second template 12 and the third template 13 are driven to move by the hydraulic mechanism set at the end of the driving rod 14, and then concrete is poured into the opening of the prefabricated space until the prefabricated space is filled. When the concrete cools, the hydraulic mechanism is controlled to drive the second template 12 and the third template 13 to separate from the prefabricated component through the driving rod 14, and the prefabricated component is not The prefabricated component needs to be pushed by the push rod. After the second template 12 and the third template 13 are separated from the prefabricated component, the prefabricated component is pushed on the third template 13 by the push plate. The stress point area of ​​the prefabricated component is much larger than the stress point area generated by the extrusion of the push rod. The surface of the prefabricated component will not be damaged by the extrusion. The whole prefabrication process does not need to be pushed by the push rod. By first removing the second template 12 and the third template 13, and then releasing the adhesion of the prefabricated component to the first template 11, the surface of the prefabricated component is prevented from being damaged, thereby ensuring the excellent quality of the prefabricated component. When in use, the prefabricated component is pushed by the driving rod 14. When driving the second template 12 to detach from the prefabricated component, the driving rod 14 drives the second template 12 to move through the connecting rod 25, and at the same time, the connecting rod 25 squeezes the baffle 23 to compress the supporting spring 24. As the pulling force increases, the baffle 23 gradually deflects. When the pulling force increases to a certain extent, the baffle 23 deflects and detaches from the clamping plate 26, so that the connecting rod 25 drives the clamping plate 26 to move relative to the driving rod 14. The pulling force of the connecting rod 25 on the second template 12 is buffered and cannot be further increased. The second template 12 is buffered when it detaches from the prefabricated component, thereby preventing the prefabricated component from sticking to the second template 12 When the force is too great, forced separation will cause damage to the prefabricated components. During use, when the connecting rod 25 drives the clamping plate 26 to move relative to the driving rod 14, the clamping plate 26 will press against the surface of another baffle 23 again and then stop moving. The connecting rod 25 generates an inertial force, and the oscillation block 29 inside the slide groove 27 compresses the compression spring 28 under the action of inertia, and at the same time hits the second template 12 connected to the connecting rod 25. The second template 12 vibrates after being hit, and the vibration force gradually eliminates the adhesion between the prefabricated component and the template, and the oscillation block 29 can be manually driven to hit the template.

[0056] When in use, the second connecting plate 32 drives the connecting block 33 to move in the connecting groove 31 on the first connecting plate 3, and the baffle 23 is adjusted to extend into the position between the clamping plates 26 as a whole. Then, the positioning pin 34 is inserted through the positioning hole and inserted into the positioning groove to limit the position of the connecting block 33 inside the connecting groove 31; the squeezing force required for the clamping plate 26 to squeeze the baffle 23 to deflect and disengage from the baffle 23 increases with the increase in the deflection degree of the baffle 23, and is proportional to the depth of the baffle 23 extending into the clamping plates 26. Therefore, the squeezing force required for the clamping plate 26 to disengage from the baffle 23 can be adjusted. The pulling force of the connecting rod 25 to drive the second template 12 to separate from the prefabricated component is adjustable, which is suitable for demoulding prefabricated components made of different types of concrete; when in use, the isolation cover 4 is sleeved on the opening for pouring concrete formed by the second template 12 and the third template 13 combination, and the inner wall of the isolation cover 4 adheres the vertical surfaces of the second template 12 and the third template 13. When pouring concrete, concrete is injected into the pouring hole 41 through a pipeline. The splash generated during concrete pouring is blocked by the isolation cover 4. When the concrete combines the first template 11 with the second template 12 and the third template 13, the concrete is poured into the first template 11 and the second template 12 and the third template 13. When the prefabricated space for pouring concrete is filled, the pouring is stopped, and then the isolation cover 4 is taken out. During the pouring process, the isolation cover 4 isolates the pouring space to prevent concrete from splashing out of the prefabricated space and contaminating the outer surfaces of the second template 12 and the third template 13; when in use, when the isolation cover 4 is sleeved on the opening for pouring concrete formed by the combination of the second template 12 and the third template 13, the bottom surfaces of the first scraper 5 and the second scraper 6 in the isolation cover 4 are in contact with the top surface of the opening. After the pouring is completed, the staff first pulls the first scraper 5 through the first pull rod 51, and the first scraper 5 scrapes part of the concrete in the isolation cover 4, and this part of the concrete is located above the opening. When the first scraper 5 pushes the concrete to the first discharge hole 52 on the inner wall of the isolation cover 4, the second scraper 6 cooperates to prevent the concrete from being dispersed when being pushed. Then the first blocking block 53 is pulled out, and the concrete is discharged from the isolation cover 4 through the first discharge hole 52. Then, the second pull rod 61 is pulled to drive the second scraper 6 to move in the isolation cover 4. The second scraper 6 pushes the concrete to approach the second discharge hole 62, and the second blocking block 63 is pulled out. The concrete is discharged from the isolation cover 4 again through the second discharge hole 62.

[0057] When the template is separated from the prefabricated component, the hydraulic cylinder 71 is driven, and the hydraulic cylinder 71 drives the extrusion block 72 to move downward. The extrusion block 72 squeezes the top surface of the prefabricated component to limit the prefabricated component and improve the stability of the prefabricated component when demoulding; the extrusion block 72 drives the booster plate 74 to squeeze the top surface of the prefabricated component through the plug-in plate 73. The setting of the booster plate 74 increases the force-bearing area of ​​the prefabricated component to prevent the extrusion force from being too concentrated when the prefabricated component is squeezed and restricted, causing surface damage.

[0058] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The above embodiments and descriptions are only for explaining the principles of the present invention. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention may have various changes and improvements, which fall within the scope of the present invention. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the attached claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A prefabricating device for prefabricating rail top air duct components, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base (1), the top surface of which is mounted a first template (11), the first template (11) being a horizontal surface after being mounted, the top surface of the first template (11) being provided with a second template (12), the second template (12) being perpendicular to the top surface of the first template (11), the top surface of the first template (11) being provided with a third template (13) used in conjunction with the second template (12), the space formed by the combination of the second template (12), the first template (11) and the third template (13) being a prefabricated space for pouring concrete, the vertical surface of the second template (12) being vertically mounted with a driving rod (14), the end of the driving rod (14) being connected to the output end of a hydraulic mechanism, the number of the driving rods (14) being two, and the other One is installed on the third template; a support frame (2) is installed on the surface of the driving rod (14), and a receiving plate (21) is fixedly connected to the end of the support frame (2); three pairs of limiting plates (22) are fixedly connected to the vertical surface of the receiving plate (21) facing the driving rod (14); arc grooves are opened on the opposite sides of a pair of limiting plates (22); a baffle (23) is arranged between the pair of limiting plates (22); one end of the baffle (23) is located outside the relative space of the pair of limiting plates (22), and the other end is located inside the relative space of the pair of limiting plates (22); and the end located inside the relative space of the pair of limiting plates (22) is arranged in a circular shape and embedded in the arc groove; a support spring (24) is arranged between the baffle (23) and the limiting plate (22); A pair of connecting rods (25) are arranged above and below the driving rod (14); three pairs of clamping plates (26) are arranged on the side of the connecting rod (25); the baffle plate (23) extends into a position between the pair of clamping plates (26); the connecting rod (25) replaces the driving rod (14) and is connected to the second template (12) and the third template (13); a slide groove (27) is provided on the top surface of the connecting rod (25); an oscillating block (29) is slidably connected inside the slide groove (27); the top of the oscillating block (29) is located above the notch of the slide groove (27); two pressure springs ( 28); the baffle (23) comprises a first connecting plate (3) and a second connecting plate (32); a connecting groove (31) is provided on a side of the first connecting plate (3) facing the second connecting plate (32); a positioning hole is provided on a top surface of the first connecting plate (3), the positioning hole passes through the connecting groove (31); a connecting block (33) is fixedly connected to a side of the second connecting plate (32) facing the first connecting plate (3); a positioning groove is provided on the top surface of the connecting block (33); the notch size of the positioning groove is the same as the hole size of the positioning hole; a positioning pin (34) is inserted into the positioning hole, and the bottom end of the positioning pin (34) is inserted into the positioning groove.

2. The prefabrication equipment for prefabricated rail top air duct components according to claim 1, characterized in that: An isolation cover (4) is sleeved on the top of the second formwork (12) and the third formwork (13) assembly, a pouring hole (41) is provided on the top surface of the isolation cover (4), and below the pouring hole (41) is an opening formed by the second formwork (12) and the third formwork (13) assembly for pouring concrete.

3. The prefabrication equipment for prefabricated rail top air duct components according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first scraper (5) is slidably connected to the interior of the isolation cover (4). There are two first scrapers (5), and the bottom surface is higher than the bottom surface of the isolation cover (4); a first pull rod (51) is vertically installed on the vertical surface of the first scraper (5); a first through hole corresponding to and matching the first pull rod (51) is opened on the surface of the isolation cover (4); a first discharge hole (52) corresponding to the first scraper (5) is opened on the surface of the isolation cover (4); a first blocking block (53) is inserted inside the first discharge hole (52); two second scrapers (6) are slidably connected inside the isolation cover (4); the bottom surface of the second scraper (6) is higher than the bottom surface of the isolation cover (4); a second pull rod (61) is vertically installed on the vertical surface of the second scraper (6); a second through hole corresponding to and matching the second pull rod (61) is opened on the surface of the isolation cover (4); a second discharge hole (62) corresponding to the first scraper (5) is opened on the surface of the isolation cover (4); a second blocking block (63) is inserted inside the second discharge hole (62); When the isolation cover (4) is inserted into the top of the assembly of the second template (12) and the third template (13), the two first scrapers (5) are located at the center of the isolation cover (4) and press against each other.

4. The prefabrication equipment for prefabricated rail top air duct components according to claim 3, characterized in that: The surfaces of the first blocking block (53) and the second blocking block (63) are provided with rubber rings, and after the blocking blocks are inserted into the discharge holes, the rubber rings are squeezed by the inner walls of the holes.

5. The prefabrication equipment for prefabricated rail top air duct components according to claim 1, characterized in that: A support frame (7) is installed on the top surface of the base (1), and a hydraulic cylinder (71) is installed on the surface of the support frame (7). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (71) is vertically downward, and the bottom end of the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (71) is fixedly connected to an extrusion block (72). When the bottom surface of the extrusion block (72) moves up and down, it passes through an opening for pouring concrete formed at the top of the second template (12) and the third template (13) combination.

6. The prefabrication equipment for prefabricated rail top air duct components according to claim 5, characterized in that: The vertical surface of the extrusion block (72) is provided with a plug-in slot, in which a plug-in plate (73) is plugged, the plug-in plate (73) is arranged in an L shape, a booster plate (74) is installed at the bottom end of the plug-in plate (73), and the bottom surface of the booster plate (74) passes through an opening for pouring concrete formed at the top of the second formwork (12) and the third formwork (13) assembly when the bottom surface moves up and down.

7. A prefabrication process for prefabricated rail top air duct components, characterized in that: The process comprises a prefabricating device for prefabricating a rail top air duct component as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the following steps: S1, the second template (12) and the third template (13) are arranged on the first template (11), and the first template (11), the second template (12) and the third template (13) are combined to form a prefabricated space for pouring concrete; S2, the second template (12) and the third template (13) are driven to move by a hydraulic mechanism provided at the end of the driving rod (14), and then concrete is poured into the opening of the prefabricated space until the prefabricated space is filled; S3, when the concrete cools, the hydraulic mechanism is controlled to drive the second template (12) and the third template to separate from the prefabricated component through the driving rod (14); S4, after the second template (12) and the third template (13) are separated from the prefabricated component, the prefabricated component is pushed onto the first template (11) by means of a push plate; S5. Remove the prepared prefabricated component from the base (1) by using a transfer device, restore the positions of the second template (12) and the third template (13), and repeat the operation.

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