Steel panel for bridges and deck structure

Abstract

The application discloses a steel panel for a bridge and a bridge deck structure, and aims at solving the problems of poor fatigue resistance of an existing bridge deck panel, serious diseases of a pavement layer and the like.The technical scheme is as follows: a main panel (11) and a first auxiliary panel (12) are arranged; the first auxiliary panel (12) is perpendicular to the main panel (11), and the first auxiliary panel (12) is formed by bending an edge steel panel of the main panel (11); a plurality of connecting pieces (13) are arranged on the main panel (11), one end of the connecting piece (13) is connected with the main panel (11), and the connecting piece (13) and the first auxiliary panel (12) are located on the same side surface of the main panel (11). The main panel and the top panel made of steel are far away from a neutral layer, the inertia moment and the rigidity of the bridge deck structure are greatly improved, the probability of welding fatigue cracking is reduced, and the service life of the bridge deck is prolonged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the field of cavity plate structures, and in particular to a small cavity metal plate and its combined structure. Background Technology

[0002] Orthotropic steel bridge decks are widely used in bridge engineering due to their numerous advantages. However, fatigue cracking has been a persistent and troublesome problem for the bridge industry both domestically and internationally since their introduction. Fatigue further damages the asphalt and other pavement layers, resulting in a service life of almost no more than 15 years for orthotropic steel bridge decks and only about 8 years for the pavement layers. The contradiction between excellent load-bearing performance and high risk of fatigue damage remains unresolved. This necessitates regular reinforcement and replacement of the bridge deck, which not only obstructs traffic but also requires significant investment of manpower, resources, and funds.

[0003] In traditional bridges, the reinforcement and strengthening of orthotropic bridge decks and pavement layers mainly employ two methods. The first method involves surface welding of studs, reinforcement reinforcement, and pouring concrete, especially ultra-high performance concrete. This method is costly, labor-intensive, and high-performance concrete generally requires steam curing and is sensitive to raw materials. The cost and maintenance of a high-performance concrete pavement layer of the same thickness are almost equal to the cost of a steel plate of the same thickness, and cracking remains a prominent problem at negative bending moment areas such as transverse ribs. The second method involves increasing the transverse rib density of the steel bridge deck and repairing or adding welds to cracked areas. This type of measure is only a compensatory reinforcement method and does not change the structural mode of the steel bridge deck itself. Even after repair, the cracked welds do not change its structural mode, and subsequent cracking will still occur. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to solve the problems of poor fatigue resistance and serious damage to the pavement layer of existing bridge decks. It provides an innovative steel deck for bridges and a hollow concrete composite bridge deck structure formed by using the steel deck. This allows the steel main plate and top plate to be far away from the neutral layer, greatly improving the moment of inertia and stiffness of the bridge deck structure, reducing the probability of welding fatigue cracking, and thus improving the service life of the bridge deck.

[0005] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, this application adopts the following technical solution:

[0006] The first aspect of this application provides a steel panel for bridges, including a main plate and a first sub-plate, the first sub-plate being formed by bending the edge steel plate of the main plate; the main plate has a plurality of connectors, one end of each connector being connected to the main plate; the connectors and the first sub-plate are located on the same side surface of the main plate.

[0007] Preferably, the connector is integrally connected to the main board, and the connector is formed by outwardly turning holes in the main board's own steel plate. In this embodiment, the connector is formed by directly turning the main board material outward to form a flange through stamping or other methods. One end of the connector is integrally connected to the panel, forming an integrated structure. Therefore, there is no risk of welding cracks between the connector and the main board. Furthermore, since the connector is integral with the main board, a large amount of assembly work for connectors is reduced, forming a semi-finished product. When further manufacturing the bridge deck structure, it only needs to be directly attached to the plane of the base plate. There is no need for precise matching or fitting dimensions, making it convenient, practical, and stable. At the same time, the remaining holes on the main board can be used as operation holes for welding into the cavity. Welding equipment can be inserted into the cavity through these remaining holes to weld the other end of the connector to the base plate, solving the problem of difficult welding in small spaces on thin cavity plates. Moreover, this welded connection can be directly visually inspected, repaired, and tested.

[0008] Preferably, the connector is a cylindrical or tapered flange. The tubular flange can be formed by stamping, making it easy to process, while the cylindrical or tapered tube has high shear and buckling resistance. Furthermore, in composite structures, welding short, thick connectors or studs to the steel plate is a relatively sensitive construction, because the studs are short, thick, and have high stiffness, while the steel plate is relatively thin. During shear resistance, defects or cracks are easily formed at the interface between the studs and the thin steel plate. The tubular connector of this application, by adjusting the diameter or thickness of the tubular or conical shape, can form different connector stiffnesses to match the steel plate. Therefore, the tubular connector has excellent stability and shear resistance, and due to the limitation of steel ductility, it is particularly suitable for thin or ultra-thin hollow plates.

[0009] Preferably, the connector consists of 2 to 4 discontinuous flange portions. Due to the limitation of steel plate ductility, the extension height of the self-flipping connector is limited, thus restricting the overall height of the double steel plates. Using multiple discontinuous flange portions to form a "flower"-shaped flange reduces the area to be flipped out, decreasing the amount of steel plate extension. This allows for the use of self-flipping connectors even for medium-thick double steel plates or connectors with greater height. Simultaneously, the presence of gaps between adjacent flange portions provides a flow channel for the filling material, such as concrete, within the cavity plate during the formation of the composite structure.

[0010] Preferably, the connector is a flat flange. This simplifies manufacturing as it is not limited by the thickness or ductility of the steel plate.

[0011] Preferably, the connector is a welded component, fixed to the motherboard by welding. Welding is suitable for thicker cavity boards, and the height range of the connector can also be greater.

[0012] Preferably, the connector is a stud, which is bolted to the motherboard. The stud, as a single connector, combined with the double connector, ensures connection performance while reducing manufacturing costs and on-site connection workload, achieving an optimal balance between efficiency and performance.

[0013] Preferably, the connector is a bolt or screw, which is used to fix the device to the motherboard. Bolt connections are more convenient, have a higher level of industrialization, and their performance is easier to test.

[0014] Preferably, a second sub-plate is also included, which is formed by bending the steel plate at the edge of the main plate. The second sub-plate is arranged perpendicular to the first sub-plate, which is suitable for the longitudinal and transverse bidirectional lattice splicing of large-area bridge decks, forming multiple small cavity lattices of hollow double steel plates. Moreover, the first and second sub-plates of the small cavities are assembled in an orderly manner by welding, inspecting, and eliminating defects in sequence, avoiding the common problems of welding not being possible in small cavities and defects not being able to be detected and repaired, thus improving the connection performance.

[0015] The second aspect of this application provides a bridge deck structure, including a plurality of the aforementioned steel panels for bridges, and a top plate, wherein the main plate and the top plate are parallel to each other, and a cavity is formed between the main plate and the top plate, the outer edge of the first sub-plate is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate, and concrete is injected and filled into the cavity.

[0016] Preferably, the connector is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate. This forms a dual connector that connects to both the main plate and the top plate, resulting in better overall integrity of the hollow plate bridge structure and ensuring coordinated operation of all components.

[0017] Compared with existing technologies, the above technical solution has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. This application constructs a steel deck panel for bridges, forming a relatively thin hollow plate with an effective connection between the main plate (the application surface of the bridge deck) and the top plate through connectors. Then, ultra-thin double-steel-plate concrete composite bridge deck structure is formed using concrete. The steel main plate and top plate of this bridge deck structure are far from the neutral layer, which greatly improves its moment of inertia and stiffness, thereby significantly increasing the stiffness of the bridge deck, reducing the probability of welding fatigue cracking, effectively improving the defects of traditional bridge deck pavement layers, and extending the service life of the bridge deck.

[0019] 2. Since bridge deck structures often cover a large area, and the assembly of steel panels is constrained by factors such as the width of the production line, the specifications of the steel plates, and the width of the transport, the width of the panels is often limited. Moreover, very wide panels are not conducive to welding operations and inspection. The steel panels for bridges adopt a first sub-plate that is L-shaped with the main plate, which is then spliced ​​together to form a hollow bridge deck. The first sub-plate itself is welded to the base plate, which also forms a uniform welded connection structure, playing the role of edge support and reinforcement. In addition, the cavity between the main plate and the top plate is connected by connectors, achieving a stable structure with evenly distributed connection points in the middle of the hollow plate and edge reinforcement by the first sub-plate. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a bridge deck structure according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a steel panel for bridges according to Embodiment 1 of this application, wherein the connector is a self-folding tubular shape;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of a steel panel for a bridge according to Embodiment 1 of this application;

[0023] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a steel panel for bridges according to Embodiment 1 of this application, wherein the connector is a flared conical tube.

[0025] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A magnified view of a portion of the image;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a steel panel for bridges according to Embodiment 1 of this application, wherein the connector has multiple flange portions;

[0027] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A partial 3D structural diagram;

[0028] Figure 9 for Figure 8 A planar sectional view;

[0029] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a steel panel for bridges according to Embodiment 1 of this application, wherein the connector is a plate-shaped flange;

[0030] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a steel panel for a bridge according to Embodiment 2 of this application, wherein the connector is a welded component;

[0031] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a steel panel for a bridge according to Embodiment 2 of this application, wherein the connector is a stud.

[0032] Figure label:

[0033] 1. Steel panel for bridge; 11. Main plate; 12. First sub-plate; 13. Connector; 131. Flange; 14. Second sub-plate; 2. Top plate; 3. Concrete. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present application will now be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that in the description of the present application, the terms "lateral", "longitudinal", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", and "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present application.

[0035] Example 1:

[0036] like Figure 1 The diagram shows a bridge deck structure comprising multiple steel panels 1 and a top plate 2. The top plate 2 is a flat steel plate. Figure 2 The steel panel 1 for bridges is shown, including a flat main plate 11 and a first sub-plate 12. The first sub-plate 12 is perpendicular to the plane of the main plate 11 and is formed by bending the steel plate at the edge of the main plate 11. The main plate 11 has multiple connectors 13, and the connectors 13 and the first sub-plate 12 are located on the same side surface of the main plate 11.

[0037] like Figure 1 As shown, the bridge steel panel 1 is placed above the top plate 2. The main plate 11 is parallel to the top plate 2, and there is a cavity between the main plate 11 and the top plate 2. The outer edge of the first auxiliary plate 12 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 2. Concrete 3 is injected and filled into the cavity, and the connector 13 is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate 2. Multiple bridge steel panels 1 are spliced ​​sequentially. Since the application surface of the bridge deck structure is often large, the assembly of the steel panels is constrained by factors such as the width of the production line, the specifications of the steel plates, and the width of the transportation. Often, the width of the panels is limited, and very wide panels are not conducive to welding operations and inspection. The bridge steel panel 1 adopts the first auxiliary plate 12, which is L-shaped with the main plate, and is spliced ​​sequentially to form a cavity plate bridge deck. The first auxiliary plate 12 itself is welded to the top plate 2, which also forms a uniform welded connection structure, playing the role of edge support and reinforcement. In addition, the cavity between the main plate 11 and the top plate 2 is connected by connectors, achieving a stable structure with evenly distributed connection points in the middle of the cavity plate and edge reinforcement by the first auxiliary plate 12.

[0038] This bridge deck structure forms a relatively thin hollow plate that is effectively connected to the main plate 11 and the top plate 2 via connectors 13, and then uses concrete to form an ultra-thin double-steel plate concrete. The main plate and top plate of this double-steel plate concrete are far from the neutral layer, which greatly improves their moment of inertia and stiffness, thereby significantly increasing the stiffness of the bridge deck, reducing the probability of weld fatigue cracking, and also reducing the common problems of pavement cracking and short lifespan. A 12mm thick top plate, connected to a 5mm thick main plate via 35mm thick concrete and connectors, forms the 52mm thick ultra-thin double-steel plate bridge deck structure of this application, with a total steel consumption of approximately 18mm. Calculations show that its stiffness or moment of inertia can reach that of a 40mm thick steel plate, significantly improving performance, while the cost increase is minimal.

[0039] like Figure 3-6 The connector 13 shown is integrally connected to the motherboard 11, and the connector 13 is formed by outward turning holes in the steel plate of the motherboard 11 itself. Figure 3 , 4 The flange shown is a tapered tube, with a larger diameter at the root connected to the main board 11 and a smaller diameter at the other end. Figure 5 , 6 Conversely, the tapered tubular connector 13 has a small diameter at its root and a large diameter at the other end. Connector 13 can also be a round tube. The tubular flange can be formed by stamping, which is convenient for processing, and the round or tapered tube has high shear and buckling resistance. Furthermore, in the composite structure, welding short and thick connectors or studs onto the steel plate is a relatively sensitive construction. This is because the studs are short and thick with high stiffness, while the steel plate is relatively thin. During shear resistance, defects or cracks are easily formed at the interface between the studs and the thin steel plate. Therefore, the design specifications limit the thickness of the steel plate and the diameter and length of the studs in this respect. In this embodiment, the connector 13 can form different connector stiffnesses by adjusting the diameter or thickness of the tubular or conical shape to match the steel plate. Through the regular arrangement of multiple connectors, a multi-directional combination of open-web truss structure is formed, with the main plate 11 as the upper chord, the connector 13 as the rigid web member, and the top plate 2 of the bridge deck as the lower chord. This forms a two-way steel plate composed of open-web trusses in multiple directions, which is simple to manufacture, has stable connections, and a divergent force transmission path.

[0040] Figure 7-9The diagram shows another type of connector 13, composed of 2-4 broken flange portions 131. The roots of the multiple flange portions 131 form a closed ring, with the upper part forking to form a "flower-like" structure. During stamping, the self-flipping connector 13 has a limited extension height due to the limited ductility of the steel plate, thus limiting the overall height of the double steel plate. Using the aforementioned "flower-like" flange formed by multiple broken flange portions 131 reduces the area for flipping and the amount of steel plate extension, allowing for the use of self-flipping connectors even for medium-thick double steel plates or connectors with greater height. Furthermore, the gaps between adjacent flange portions 131 can serve as channels for the inlet and outlet of fillers such as concrete within the cavity plate when forming a combined structure.

[0041] like Figure 10 The bridge steel panel 1 shown has a connector 13 that is a flat flange formed by the outward turning of the steel plate. This design is not limited by the thickness or ductility of the steel plate during processing, making it simpler to manufacture. It also includes a second sub-plate 14, which is similar to the first web plate 12, both being perpendicular to the main plate 11 and formed by bending the steel plate at the edge of the main plate 11. The second sub-plate 14 and the first sub-plate 12 are adjacent. The perpendicular arrangement of the second sub-plate and the first sub-plate is suitable for the longitudinal and transverse bidirectional lattice splicing of large-area bridge decks, forming multiple small-cavity lattices of hollow double steel plates. Furthermore, the first and second sub-plates of these small cavities are assembled in an orderly manner, with sequential welding, inspection, and defect elimination, avoiding the common problems of inability to weld within small cavities and the inability to detect and repair defects, thus improving connection performance.

[0042] The connection of small-cavity double steel plates has always been a bottleneck in the promotion of double steel plates. Whether by welding or other connection methods, the limited space makes them difficult to operate, inspect, and visually visualize, thus hindering their practical application. This embodiment addresses this by directly flipping the main plate 11, using the flipped-out material as the connector 13. The remaining holes on the main plate 11 provide access for welding into the cavity, enabling through-connection and solving the problem of welding within thin-cavity plates. This connection can be directly visually inspected, repaired, and tested. In particular, the stamped tubular flange, as a connector, is integrally connected to the panel 1. Directly pressed from the base material, it eliminates the need for welding between the main plate and the connector, forming an integrated structure and naturally eliminating the risk of welding cracks. Furthermore, the tubular connector exhibits excellent stability and shear resistance, and due to the limitations of steel ductility, it is particularly suitable for thin or ultra-thin cavity plates.

[0043] Secondly, since the connector 13 is integrated with the motherboard 11, the assembly work of a large number of connectors is reduced, forming a semi-finished product that is directly attached to the plane of the base plate. There are no precise or matching dimensions, making it convenient and practical to manufacture and with good stability.

[0044] Example 2:

[0045] The difference between the steel panel 1 for the bridge in Embodiment 2 and that in Embodiment 1 is that in Embodiment 2, a combined connector is made of other parts and then fixedly connected to the main board 11.

[0046] like Figure 11 The connector is a stud, which is fixed to the main board 11 by bolting. The stud, as a single connector, is combined with the double connector in an alternating manner, which can not only ensure the connection performance, but also reduce the manufacturing cost and the amount of on-site connection work, achieving the best match between efficiency and performance.

[0047] like Figure 12 The connector 13 shown is a tubular welded component, fixed to the main board 11 by welding. Welding is suitable for thicker cavity plates, and the height range of the connector can also be greater. The connector can also be fixed by bolts or other methods. Bolt connections are more convenient, have a higher level of industrialization, and their performance is easier to test.

[0048] By using additional parts as connectors, the design flexibility is enhanced, the functional range is wider, and the shapes are more diverse. It is suitable for thicker cavity plates, and the height range of its connectors can also be greater.

[0049] The above description is the preferred embodiment of this application. For those skilled in the art, several modifications and improvements can be made without departing from the principle of this application, and these should also be considered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A bridge deck structure, characterized in that: Includes steel panels (1) and a top plate (2) for bridges; The steel panel (1) for the bridge includes a main plate (11) and a first sub-plate (12), the first sub-plate (12) being formed by bending the edge steel plate of the main plate (11); The motherboard (11) has a plurality of connectors (13), one end of which is connected to the motherboard (11); The connector (13) and the first sub-plate (12) are located on the same side surface of the main plate (11); The connector (13) is integrally connected to the motherboard (11). The connector (13) is formed by outward turning of the steel plate of the motherboard (11) and additional holes are formed on the motherboard (11). The main board (11) and the top plate (2) are parallel to each other, and a cavity is formed between the main board (11) and the top plate (2). The outer edge of the first sub-plate (12) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate (2). The connector (13) is fixedly connected to the upper surface of the top plate (2). The remaining hole is used as a welding operation hole for welding the connector (13) to the top plate (2). The cavity is filled with concrete (3).

2. The bridge deck structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (13) is a cylindrical or conical flange.

3. The bridge deck structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (13) consists of 2 to 4 disconnected flange portions (131).

4. The bridge deck structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connector (13) is a flat flange.

5. The bridge deck structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a second sub-plate (14), which is formed by bending a steel plate from the edge of the main plate (11).

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