An adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device

Abstract

The invention discloses an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device, comprising a shell, a permanent magnet, a support plate, a gear, a blade plate, a sliding rod, a shock absorbing plate, a shock absorbing mechanism and a shock absorbing assembly; the shock absorbing energy dissipation method is as follows: under the action of seismic shear waves, a structure hits the shock absorbing mechanism, a convex rubber cushion layer is arranged on the shock absorbing mechanism, and its toughness absorbs part of the kinetic energy; the shock absorbing plate continues to move to push the rack to move in a first direction, and at the same time prepares for movement in a second direction; a rubber cushion layer is arranged between the channel steel and the rack, and the rack rubs against the rubber cushion during movement; at the same time, the principle of large-diameter gears driving small-diameter gears to reduce the transmission ratio and increase the rotation speed is utilized, so as to increase the speed at which the blade plates cut the magnetic flux lines in the magnetic field, form an electromagnetic eddy current damping force, and convert the kinetic energy of the structure into heat energy in the form of friction and eddy current, so as to achieve the purpose of adaptive shock absorbing energy dissipation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of shock absorption and isolation, and in particular to an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device. Background Art

[0002] With the development of my country's economy and the improvement of science and technology, buildings are becoming more complex. Various complex, new super-high-rise buildings and structures that need protection are gradually increasing. Traditional earthquake-resistant fortification methods are difficult to meet safety requirements. The development of shock-absorbing and seismic isolation technology provides a new way to resist earthquakes.

[0003] As an effective means to reduce earthquake disasters, seismic isolation technology can reduce the response of structures during earthquakes and extend the natural vibration period of structures, thereby reducing or eliminating the damage suffered by structures under horizontal earthquakes. At present, the most commonly used damping in my country's construction field is viscous damping, friction damping, shear damping and connecting beam damping.

[0004] Electromagnetic eddy current damping is a non-contact, friction-free and oil-leakage damper. However, since the electromagnetic eddy current damper requires a certain displacement to have an obvious damping effect and is not adjustable, its development is restricted. The traditional method is to replace the permanent magnet with an electromagnet and adjust the size of the electromagnetic eddy current damping by changing the current. Summary of the invention

[0005] The present invention aims to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device, which converts seismic energy into heat energy by means of friction work and eddy current formation, and at the same time utilizes the cooperation of gears of different diameters to reduce the transmission ratio, increase the rate at which the blade plate cuts the magnetic flux lines, increase the work done by the magnetic field force, and further extend the natural vibration period of the structure, thereby achieving the purpose of shock absorption and energy consumption.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present invention provides an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device, including a shell, wherein both ends of the shell are opened, shock absorbing plates are slidably arranged at both ends of the shell, and a shock absorbing mechanism is fixedly arranged on the outer wall surface of the shock absorbing plate; two support plates parallel to the side plates thereof are fixedly arranged inside the shell, two first rotating shafts and a second rotating shaft are arranged between the two support plates, the two first rotating shafts are rotatably installed on the two support plates in parallel, a first gear located in the middle and two blade plates located on both sides of the first gear are sleeved and fixed on the two first rotating shafts, the second rotating shaft is located between the two first rotating shafts, and both ends of the second rotating shaft extend to the outside of the two support plates and are respectively connected to the two side plates of the shell. Rotationally connected, the second rotating shaft is sleeved and fixed with a second gear meshing with the two first gears and two third gears located at both ends; a shock absorbing assembly is respectively arranged inside the shell and on both sides of the two support plates, the shock absorbing assembly includes two channel steels symmetrically arranged up and down, the open sides of the two channel steels are arranged opposite to each other, a rack is slidably installed inside each of the channel steels, the two ends of each rack are respectively connected to the two shock absorbing plates through a sliding rod, and the upper and lower two racks are respectively meshed with the same third gear; it also includes a plurality of permanent magnets, the plurality of permanent magnets are divided into four groups, and the two permanent magnet units in each group of permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the radial direction of the corresponding blade plate, which are used for the blade plate to cut the magnetic flux lines to generate eddy current damping.

[0007] Furthermore, mounting holes are respectively provided at both ends of the rack, a compression spring is provided in the mounting hole, one end of the compression spring extends out of the mounting hole and is connected to one end of the sliding rod, and the other end of the sliding rod passes through the corresponding shock-absorbing plate and is fixed to the shock-absorbing plate through a nut.

[0008] Furthermore, the channel steel is welded and fixed to the shell, and a slide groove with a T-shaped cross section arranged along its length direction is opened on the top surface or the bottom surface of the channel steel, and a friction plate is arranged in the slide groove; the cross section of the rack is T-shaped, and the rack includes a horizontal portion movably arranged in the slide groove and a vertical portion connected to the horizontal portion at one end, the other end of the vertical portion extends outside the slide groove, and a tooth portion for meshing with the third gear is arranged on the protruding end.

[0009] Furthermore, the shock absorbing mechanism includes a plurality of shock absorbing rods vertically arranged with respect to the shock absorbing plate, one end of each shock absorbing rod is welded to the shock absorbing plate, and the other end of each shock absorbing rod is provided with an energy absorbing cushion layer capable of absorbing part of the seismic wave energy.

[0010] Furthermore, the two ends of the first rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the two support plates through bearings respectively; the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the two support plates through bearings, and the two ends of the second rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the two side plates of the shell through bearings respectively.

[0011] Furthermore, the diameter d of the first gear 1 Smaller than the diameter d of the third gear 3 , the diameter d of the third gear 3 smaller than the diameter d of the second gear 2 .

[0012] Furthermore, two permanent magnet boxes are provided on both radial sides of each blade plate and on the bottom plate of the shell, and a permanent magnet unit is provided in each of the two permanent magnet boxes. The permanent magnet unit is composed of a plurality of stacked permanent magnets, and the magnetic poles of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

[0013] Furthermore, the blade plate includes a center ring sleeved on the first rotating shaft and a plurality of blades fixed on the outer surface of the center ring.

[0014] Furthermore, the blades are made of conductive copper plate material.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The present invention is an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device, in which the energy-absorbing cushion layer of the shock absorbing mechanism absorbs part of the seismic energy, a rubber cushion friction plate is provided between the rack and the channel steel, and the compression spring in the rack converts part of the seismic energy into potential energy and stores it during the compression process; in addition, the reciprocating motion of the rack converts part of the seismic energy into heat energy through friction work, which can adaptively reduce the shaking of the structure in the horizontal direction and release the energy absorbed by the spring at the same time.

[0017] (2) The adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device of the present invention utilizes a large diameter gear as a driving wheel and a small diameter gear as a driven wheel. It increases the frequency of the blade cutting the magnetic flux lines by reducing the gear ratio, and amplifies the electromagnetic damping to reduce the shaking of the structure. The rotation speed of the blade can be adaptively adjusted according to the shaking degree of the structure, thereby achieving the purpose of electromagnetic eddy current adaptive shock absorption and energy consumption.

[0018] In addition to the above-described purposes, features and advantages, the present invention has other purposes, features and advantages. The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following specific implementations, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0020] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device of the present invention (the top plate of the box is not shown);

[0022] Figure 3 1 is a schematic diagram of a top view of an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device of the present invention (in order to facilitate the illustration of the internal structure of the device, the top plate of the box is not shown);

[0023] Figure 4 yes Figure 3 AA section view of the middle composite dynamic shock absorber;

[0024] Figure 5 yes Figure 3 BB section of the middle composite power shock absorber;

[0025] Figure 6 yes Figure 3 CC section of the medium composite dynamic shock absorber;

[0026] Figure 7 yes Figure 3 DD section view of the medium composite dynamic shock absorber;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a connection diagram of a channel steel and a rack of an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device of the present invention;

[0028] Fig. 9 It is a layout diagram of permanent magnets of an adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device of the present invention;

[0029] Among them, 1-shell, 2-permanent magnet box, 3-permanent magnet, 4-support plate, 5-first gear, 6-blade plate, 7-second gear, 8-shock absorber assembly, 81-spring, 82-channel steel, 83-rack, 84-friction plate, 9-sliding rod, 10-shock absorber plate, 11-nut, 12-shock absorber mechanism, 13-first rotating shaft, 14-bearing, 15-second rotating shaft, 16-third gear. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention can be implemented in many different ways as defined and covered by the claims.

[0031] See also Figures 1 to 9 The adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device of the present embodiment includes a housing 1, a permanent magnet box 2, a plurality of permanent magnets 3, a support plate 4, a first gear 5, a blade plate 6, a second gear 7, a sliding rod 9, a shock absorbing plate 10, a shock absorbing mechanism 12, a first rotating shaft 13, a second rotating shaft 15, a third gear 16 and a shock absorbing assembly; the specific structure is as follows:

[0032] The shell 1 is made of high-strength composite material, which provides a spatial arrangement function for the entire device. The support plate, channel steel and permanent magnet box are connected to the shell by welding. The two ends of the shell 1 are opened, and a shock-absorbing plate 10 is provided at each end of the inner side of the shell, and the shock-absorbing plate can slide in the shell. A shock-absorbing mechanism 12 is fixedly provided on the outer wall of the shock-absorbing plate. The shock-absorbing mechanism includes a plurality of shock-absorbing rods vertically arranged with the shock-absorbing plate. One end of the shock-absorbing rod is welded to the shock-absorbing plate, and the other end of the shock-absorbing rod is provided with an energy-absorbing cushion layer that can absorb part of the seismic wave energy. The energy-absorbing cushion layer can be a convex rubber cushion layer, and its toughness can absorb part of the energy.

[0033] See also Figure 3 , in order to clearly show the internal structure of the device, Figure 3 Two support plates 4 are fixedly arranged inside the middle shell, and the two support plates are arranged parallel to the side plates of the shell. Two first rotating shafts 13 and second rotating shafts 15 are arranged between the two support plates. The two first rotating shafts are respectively installed on the two support plates through bearings 14 for parallel rotation. Each first rotating shaft is sleeved and fixed with a first gear 5 located in the middle and two blade plates 6 located on both sides of the first gear. The second rotating shaft is located between the two first rotating shafts and is parallel to the first rotating shafts. The two ends of the second rotating shaft respectively penetrate the two support plates and extend to the outside of the two support plates. The two ends of the second rotating shaft are respectively rotatably connected to the two side plates of the shell through bearings 14, and the second rotating shaft is also rotatably connected to the two support plates through bearings 14. The second rotating shaft is sleeved and fixed with a second gear 7 located in the middle and two third gears 16 located at both ends. The second gear is meshed with the two first gears for transmission. The two third gears are respectively located on both sides of the two support plates. The gears are gears of different diameters. The diameter of the first gear is d 1 , the diameter of the second gear is d 2 , the diameter of the third gear is d 3 , and satisfy the following relationship: d 1 <d 3 <d 2 .

[0034] A shock absorbing assembly 8 is arranged inside the shell and on both sides of the two support plates 4. Each shock absorbing assembly includes two channel steels 82 arranged symmetrically from top to bottom. The opening sides of the two channel steels are arranged opposite to each other. A rack 83 is slidably installed inside each channel steel. The two ends of each rack are connected to the two shock absorbing plates through a sliding rod 9, and the upper and lower racks are respectively meshed with the same third gear for transmission. The rack is connected to the channel steel and a friction plate 84 is arranged between the two. The two ends of the rack are respectively provided with mounting holes, and a compression spring 81 is arranged in the mounting hole. One end of the compression spring extends out of the mounting hole and is connected to one end of the sliding rod. The other end of the sliding rod is fixedly connected to the shock absorbing plate.

[0035] The permanent magnets 3 are divided into four groups, and the two permanent magnet units in each group are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the radial direction of the corresponding blade plate 6, so as to generate eddy current damping when the blade plate 6 cuts the magnetic flux lines. Specifically, two permanent magnet boxes 2 are arranged on both sides of the radial direction of each blade plate 6 and on the bottom plate of the shell, and a permanent magnet unit is arranged in each of the two permanent magnet boxes. The permanent magnet unit is composed of a plurality of stacked permanent magnets, and the magnetic poles of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

[0036] In a specific embodiment, the channel steel is welded and fixed on the side plate of the housing, and a T-shaped slide groove arranged along its length is provided on the top or bottom surface of the channel steel, and a friction plate 84 is provided in the slide groove; the cross section of the rack is T-shaped, and the rack includes a horizontal portion movably arranged in the slide groove and a vertical portion connected to the horizontal portion at one end, and the other end of the vertical portion extends outside the slide groove, and a tooth portion for meshing with the third gear is provided on the protruding end. The other end of the sliding rod passes through the corresponding damping plate and is fixed to the damping plate through a nut 11.

[0037] In a specific embodiment, the blade plate includes a central ring sleeved on the first rotating shaft and a plurality of blades fixed on the outer surface of the central ring; the blades are made of conductive copper plate material.

[0038] In a specific implementation, during the process of the damping plate squeezing the compression spring, the energy absorbed by the compression spring is stored in the form of potential energy, pushing the rack to move in the first direction, and preparing for energy consumption in the second direction. During the movement of the rack, the second gear and the third gear will be driven to rotate synchronously, and the speed of the third gear is n. Under the action of the gear bite force between the first gear and the second gear, the second gear drives the first gear to rotate, and the speed of the first gear is Since the blade plate and the first gear are fixed on the first rotating shaft, the rotation speed of the blade plate is also At this speed, the magnetic lines of force are cut to form eddy currents. At the same time, since there is a rubber pad friction plate between the channel steel and the rack, the earthquake energy is converted into heat energy by friction work and eddy currents. After the energy consumption in the first direction (the direction in which the shock-absorbing plate pushes the rack connected to it from the end of the shell to the middle of the shell is called the "first direction"), the structure (the structure is the support of the building, such as the column and beam load-bearing components) acts on the shock-absorbing mechanism and pushes the rack to move in the second direction (the "second direction" is the opposite direction to the "first direction"), and the rack does work on the rubber pad friction plate in the second direction. Under the action of the gear bite force, the blade plate moves in a The rotation speed reversely cuts the magnetic flux lines to form eddy currents, converting earthquake energy into heat energy. In this way, the seismic wave energy received by the structure is continuously and adaptively converted into heat energy through friction work and eddy currents, increasing the natural vibration period of the structure and achieving the purpose of shock absorption and energy consumption. The present invention adopts friction and electromagnetic eddy current composite damping for shock absorption and energy consumption, and has the advantages of no oil leakage, high sensitivity, good stability, etc.

[0039] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An adaptive composite dynamic shock absorbing device, comprising a housing (1), characterized in that: The two ends of the shell are open, and shock-absorbing plates (10) are slidably arranged at the two ends of the shell, and a shock-absorbing mechanism (12) is fixedly arranged on the outer wall surface of the shock-absorbing plate; two support plates (4) parallel to the side plates are fixedly arranged inside the shell, and two first rotating shafts (13) and a second rotating shaft (15) are arranged between the two support plates. The two first rotating shafts are rotatably installed on the two support plates in parallel, and a first gear (5) located in the middle and two blade plates (6) located on both sides of the first gear are sleeved and fixed on the two first rotating shafts. The second rotating shaft is located between the two first rotating shafts, and the two ends of the second rotating shaft extend to the outside of the two support plates and are respectively rotatably connected to the two side plates of the shell. The second rotating shaft is sleeved and fixed with the two The invention relates to a second gear (7) meshing with the first gear and two third gears (16) located at both ends; a shock absorbing assembly (8) is arranged inside the shell and on both sides of the two support plates (4), respectively, and the shock absorbing assembly includes two channel steels (82) symmetrically arranged up and down, the open sides of the two channel steels are arranged opposite to each other, and a rack (83) is slidably installed inside each of the channel steels, and the two ends of each rack are connected to the two shock absorbing plates through a sliding rod (9), and the upper and lower racks are respectively meshed with the same third gear; and also includes a plurality of permanent magnets (3), the plurality of permanent magnets are divided into four groups, and the two permanent magnet units in each group of permanent magnets are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the radial direction of the corresponding blade plate (6), and are used for the blade plate (6) to cut the magnetic flux lines to generate eddy current damping.

2. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mounting holes are respectively provided at both ends of the rack, a compression spring (81) is provided in the mounting hole, one end of the compression spring extends out of the mounting hole and is connected to one end of the sliding rod, and the other end of the sliding rod passes through the corresponding damping plate and is fixed to the damping plate through a nut (11).

3. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The channel steel is welded and fixed on the shell, and a slide groove with a T-shaped cross section arranged along its length direction is opened on the top surface or the bottom surface of the channel steel, and a friction plate (84) is arranged in the slide groove; the cross section of the rack is T-shaped, and the rack includes a horizontal part movably arranged in the slide groove and a vertical part connected to the horizontal part at one end, and the other end of the vertical part extends outside the slide groove, and a tooth part for meshing with the third gear is arranged on the protruding end.

4. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The shock absorbing mechanism comprises a plurality of shock absorbing rods vertically arranged with the shock absorbing plate, one end of each shock absorbing rod is welded to the shock absorbing plate, and the other end of each shock absorbing rod is provided with an energy absorbing cushion layer capable of absorbing part of the seismic wave energy.

5. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the first rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the two support plates via bearings (14); the second rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the two support plates via bearings (14), and the two ends of the second rotating shaft are rotatably connected to the two side plates of the shell via bearings (14).

6. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The diameter d1 of the first gear is smaller than the diameter d3 of the third gear, and the diameter d3 of the third gear is smaller than the diameter d2 of the second gear.

7. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two permanent magnet boxes (2) are provided on both radial sides of each blade plate (6) and on the bottom plate of the shell, and one permanent magnet unit is provided in each of the two permanent magnet boxes. The permanent magnet unit is composed of a plurality of permanent magnets stacked together, and the magnetic poles of two adjacent permanent magnets are opposite.

8. The shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade plate comprises a central ring sleeved on the first rotating shaft and a plurality of blades fixed on the outer surface of the central ring.

9. The shock absorbing device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The blade is made of a copper plate material having electrical conductivity.

Images