Quick disconnect multi-stage fastening system and apparatus for use in a radioactive environment

Abstract

The application discloses a multi-stage fastening system which can be quickly disassembled, comprising a cam connecting mechanism and a locking mechanism, the cam connecting mechanism comprising a connecting rod and a cam pressing rod, the cam pressing rod comprising a rear end cam and a front end pressing rod, one end of the connecting rod being connected with a first part, the other end of the connecting rod penetrating through the first part and a second part and being rotatably connected with the cam, the cam being provided with a transition curve section and a plurality of straight line sections, when the pressing rod is pressed downward to the second part to drive the cam to rotate, the transition curve section first contacts the second part, then each straight line section sequentially contacts and extrudes the second part to realize connection and multi-stage fastening, and the locking mechanism is arranged on the second part and used for clamping the pressing rod. The application also discloses a device used in a radioactive environment. The application has the advantages of fastening, multi-stage pre-tightening, high disassembly and assembly efficiency, wide application range and the like, and can meet the requirements of connection, adhesion and sealing of parts in a special environment such as radioactivity and the like which need to be conveniently and quickly disassembled and assembled.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of nuclear industry, and particularly relates to a multi-stage fastening system capable of being quickly disassembled and a device for a radioactive environment comprising the fastening system. BACKGROUND

[0002] In chemical equipment, connection, adhesion, sealing and other application scenarios of parts are usually fastened and sealed by bolts. However, in a special environment such as radioactivity, workers cannot directly enter the environment to disassemble and assemble the parts due to the complex and harsh working environment of the equipment. If the conventional threaded fastening method is used, the following two problems will be encountered during disassembly: first, for large-sized parts, if sealing is required, the pre-tightening force and uniform stress on the gasket during locking are required, and multiple bolts and nuts are usually required. The installation and disassembly process using a mechanical hand, a long rod tool or an electric wrench takes too long. Second, the bolt and nut may be "locked". When the torque is too large during installation, stainless steel is used, the running time is long, and the high-temperature corrosion environment is used, the threads are easily damaged, causing the bolt and nut to be "locked", which can only be disassembled by cutting. Especially in a complex environment such as radioactivity, it is extremely inconvenient. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to provide a multi-stage fastening system capable of being quickly disassembled and a device for a radioactive environment comprising the fastening system, which can replace the conventional bolt and has the advantages of fastening, multi-stage pre-tightening, high disassembly efficiency, and wide application range. The device can be used in a special environment such as radioactivity to meet the requirements of convenient and quick disassembly of parts in connection, adhesion and sealing, and ensure the safety of personnel operation.

[0004] The technical solution of the present application to solve the above technical problems is:

[0005] According to one aspect of the present application, there is provided a quick disassembly multi-stage fastening system, comprising a cam connecting mechanism and a locking mechanism, the cam connecting mechanism is used to connect a first part and a second part, comprising a connecting rod, a cam pressing rod, the cam pressing rod comprising a rear end cam and a front end pressing rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the first part, the other end of the connecting rod passes through the first part and the second part and is rotatably connected with the cam, and the cam is provided with a transition curve segment and a plurality of straight line segments, when the pressing rod is pressed downward to the second part to drive the cam to rotate, the transition curve segment first contacts with the second part, and then each straight line segment sequentially contacts with and extrudes the second part to realize the connection and multi-stage fastening between the first part and the second part; the locking mechanism is arranged on the second part and is used to clamp the pressing rod after the cam connecting mechanism connects and fastens the first part and the second part.

[0006] Preferably, the cam is provided with two straight line segments, which are a first straight line segment and a second straight line segment, and the distance R1 from the first straight line segment to the rotation center of the cam is less than the distance R2 from the second straight line segment to the rotation center of the cam, and when the pressing rod is pressed, the first straight line segment first contacts with the second part.

[0007] Preferably, the locking mechanism comprises a locking block and a mounting seat, the mounting seat is arranged on the second part, and the locking block is arranged on the mounting seat and can rotate, the locking block is provided with an L-shaped clamping groove, and rotating the locking block can clamp the pressing rod into the clamping groove to prevent the pressing rod from being lifted upward.

[0008] Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a stop screw, a spring and a stop ball, the locking block is provided with a through threaded hole, the mounting seat is provided with a groove, the stop ball, the spring and the stop screw are sequentially arranged in the through threaded hole, and the stop ball can enter the groove under the action of the spring.

[0009] Preferably, the locking mechanism further comprises a handle, and the handle is arranged on the locking block.

[0010] Preferably, a shaft sleeve is movably arranged on the pressing rod to reduce the friction when the locking block rotates and prevent the locking block from being stuck.

[0011] Preferably, the cam connecting mechanism further comprises a stop block, the stop block is arranged on the second part and is used to limit the cam to prevent the pressing rod from being pressed too much and the cam from rotating outward and being separated.

[0012] Preferably, a first limiting block is arranged on the connecting rod and is used to abut against the cam when the pressing rod is lifted to a certain extent to prevent the pressing rod from being lifted too much and separated outward.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, there is provided a device for a radioactive environment, parts of which, especially parts connected by flanges, are connected by the multi-stage fastening system described above.

[0014] Preferably, the device is a high-temperature radioactive device or a radioactive filter device.

[0015] The multi-stage fastening system for quick disassembly of the present application, and the device for a radioactive environment comprising the fastening system, have at least the following beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The connection and fastening between parts can be achieved by pressing down and lifting up the pressing rod, avoiding the complex rotation operation of disassembly bolts, greatly simplifying the disassembly operation, improving the disassembly efficiency, avoiding the seizure of threaded connections, facilitating remote operation by auxiliary means such as mechanical hands and long rod tools, having a wide range of applications, and being able to meet the requirements of quick and easy disassembly of parts in special environments such as radioactivity, connection, lamination, sealing, etc., ensuring the safety of personnel operation.

[0017] (2) By adopting a multi-stage cam design, multi-stage pre-tightening and multi-stage fastening can be achieved, improving the uniformity of the pressing between parts.

[0018] (3) By setting the locking block, the pressing rod can be prevented from rotating upward and accidentally coming off under vibration or other unexpected working conditions, avoiding connection failure and ensuring safe operation of the device.

[0019] (4) By setting the stop ball, the locking block can be prevented from loosening under vibration or other non-human operation conditions, thereby causing the cam pressing rod to loosen, avoiding connection and fastening failure.

[0020] (5) By setting the shaft sleeve, the pressing rod can be prevented from being stuck in the locking block.

[0021] (6) By setting the first limiting block, the pressing rod can be prevented from lifting too much and coming off outward.

[0022] (7) By setting the second limiting block, the pressing rod can be prevented from lifting too much and causing the connecting rod to come off outward. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] Figure 1 is a structural schematic view of the multi-stage fastening system for quick disassembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 2 is a schematic view of the multi-stage fastening system for quick disassembly in the embodiment of the present application in an open state;

[0025] Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of the cam in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 4A schematic diagram of the quick dismounting multi-stage fastening system in the embodiment of the present application in a first stage of compression;

[0027] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the quick dismounting multi-stage fastening system in the embodiment of the present application in a final stage of compression;

[0028] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the quick dismounting multi-stage fastening system in the embodiment of the present application in a final stage of compression;

[0029] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the installation of the shaft sleeve in the embodiment of the present application.

[0030] In the figure: 1-rod pin; 2-first part; 3-second part; 4-stop block; 5-rod; 6-cam pressing rod pin; 7-cam pressing rod; 71-cam; 711-transition curve segment; 712a-first straight line segment; 712b-second straight line segment; 72-pressing rod; 73-shaft sleeve; 74-positioning pin; 8-stop screw; 9-locking block; 10-guiding bolt; 11-mounting base; 12-handle; 13-spring; 14-stop ball; 15-pin mounting base; 16-first limiting block; 17-second limiting block; 18-sealing element. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present application, the technical solutions in the present application will be described in detail below in combination with the drawings in the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0032] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience and simplification of description, and do not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must be provided with a particular orientation, constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0033] In the description of the present application, the terms "first", "second" are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features limited by "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present application, the meaning of "multiple" is two or more, unless otherwise specifically limited.

[0034] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connection", "arrangement", "installation", "fixation" and the like should be understood in a broad sense, for example, can be fixedly connected or detachably connected, or integrally connected, can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or can be connected inside two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0035] In view of the problems of inconvenient disassembly, long time consumption and "stuck" when the parts are fastened and sealed by bolts in the prior art, the present application provides a multi-stage fastening system for quick disassembly, which comprises a cam connecting mechanism and a locking mechanism, wherein: the cam connecting mechanism is used for connecting a first part and a second part, and comprises a connecting rod and a cam pressing rod, the cam pressing rod comprises a rear end cam and a front end pressing rod, one end of the connecting rod is connected with the first part, the other end of the connecting rod passes through the first part and the second part and is rotatably connected with the cam, and the cam is provided with a transition curve segment and a plurality of straight line segments, when the pressing rod is pressed downward to the second part to drive the cam to rotate, the transition curve segment first contacts the second part, then each straight line segment sequentially contacts and extrudes the second part to realize the connection and multi-stage fastening between the first part and the second part; the locking mechanism is arranged on the second part and is used for clamping the pressing rod after the cam connecting mechanism connects and fastens the first part and the second part.

[0036] Correspondingly, the present application also provides a device for radioactive environment using the above multi-stage fastening system.

[0037] Embodiment 1

[0038] As shown in Figures 1-6 the present embodiment discloses a multi-stage fastening system for quick disassembly, which comprises a cam connecting mechanism and a locking mechanism, wherein:

[0039] The cam connecting mechanism is used for connecting the first part 2 (such as a cylinder) and the second part 3 (such as an end cover) to replace the traditional bolt connection. The cam connecting mechanism comprises a connecting rod 5 and a cam pressing rod 7, the cam pressing rod 7 comprises a rear end cam 71 and a front end pressing rod 72, the cam 71 is connected with the pressing rod 72 and is in an L shape, one end of the connecting rod 5 is connected with the first part 2, the other end of the connecting rod 5 passes through the first part 2 and the second part 3 and is rotatably connected with the cam 71 through a cam pressing rod pin shaft 6, the pressing rod 72 can drive the cam 71 to rotate around the cam pressing rod pin shaft 6 by being pressed down or lifted up, and the cam pressing rod 7 adopts a multi-section cam design, that is, the cam 71 is provided with a transition curve section 711 and a plurality of straight sections, when the pressing rod 72 is pressed down to the second part 3 direction to drive the cam 71 to rotate, the transition curve section 711 first contacts the second part 3, and then each straight section sequentially contacts and extrudes the second part 3 to realize the connection and multi-stage fastening between the first part 2 and the second part 3. When the fastening is completed, the first part 2 and the second part 3 both bear the force perpendicular to the contact surface between them, so that the first part 2 and the second part 3 can be attached and the sealing structure between them can be compressed.

[0040] The locking mechanism is arranged on the second part 3 and is used for clamping the pressing rod 72 after the cam connecting mechanism connects and fastens the first part 2 and the second part 3, so as to limit the lifting of the pressing rod 72 and prevent the pressing rod from rotating upward under vibration or other unexpected working conditions to avoid accidental disconnection and connection failure.

[0041] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , the first part 2 is provided with a pin shaft mounting seat 15, the pin shaft mounting seat 15 is provided with a connecting rod pin shaft 1, the connecting rod 5 is movably connected with the first part 2 through the connecting rod pin shaft 1, and the connecting rod 5 can rotate around the connecting rod pin shaft 1. The connecting portions of the first part 2 and the second part 3 are respectively directly provided with corresponding notches, or flanges are respectively arranged at the connecting portions of the first part 2 and the second part 3, and corresponding notches are arranged on the flanges, the connecting rod 5 is clamped in the notches after rotating around the connecting rod pin shaft 1, the notches can provide the space required for the connecting rod 5 to rotate around the connecting rod pin shaft 1 to the vertical direction, which can prevent the connecting rod 5 from deviating from its rotating path and further prevent the first part 2 and the second part 3 from being misaligned and other abnormalities to ensure the connection stability.

[0042] In the embodiment, the number of the cam connecting mechanisms can be one set or multiple sets according to the structure size and sealing requirements of the parts to be connected, and the multiple sets are preferred, and the multiple sets of cam connecting mechanisms are uniformly distributed, for example, as shown in Figure 1 , the multiple sets of cam connecting mechanisms are uniformly distributed and compressed along the circumferential direction of the parts to be connected to improve the connection effect. Correspondingly, the number of the notches and the like is one or more, which will not be described here.

[0043] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , As shown in 3 , preferably, the cam 71 is provided with two straight line segments, i.e., a first straight line segment 712a and a second straight line segment 712b, and the distance R1 from the first straight line segment 712a to the center of rotation of the cam (i.e., the cam press rod pin 6) is less than the distance R2 from the second straight line segment 712b to the center of rotation of the cam. When the press rod is pressed (i.e., during the transition from the released state to the fastened state), the first straight line segment 712a first contacts the second part 3 to enter a first stage of compression, and the second straight line segment 712b then contacts the second part 3 to enter a second stage of compression, i.e., the compression can be experienced in two stages.

[0044] It should be noted that in actual production, the number of straight line segments can be increased according to the number of stages of fastening, and it is not limited to only providing the first straight line segment 712a and the second straight line segment 712b, but it is necessary to ensure that the distance from each straight line segment to the center of rotation of the cam increases gradually, i.e., the distance R n (n≥1) from the straight line segment that first contacts the second part 3 to the center of rotation of the cam is less than the distance R n+1 from the straight line segment that later contacts the second part 3 to the center of rotation of the cam. The specific distance of each straight line segment to the center of rotation of the cam is selected according to the thickness of the gasket (i.e., the sealing element 18) between the first part 2 and the second part 3 and the degree of compression at each stage, which is not described here. Due to the gradual increase in the distance from the center of the cam press rod pin 6 to each straight line segment, the second part 3 moves gradually and slowly towards the first part 2, and finally the connection between the first part 2 and the second part 3 is fastened.

[0045] Compared to the defect that the traditional cam connection structure can only be compressed once, the fastening system of the present embodiment can set multiple working surfaces (i.e., straight line segments) on the contact part of the cam 71 and the second part 3 by adopting a multi-segment cam design. During the fastening process, the cam 71 of each cam connection mechanism is first rotated to a first stage of compression (as shown in Figure 4 ), i.e., pre-tightening, and then gradually rotated to a second stage of compression, and so on, i.e., multi-stage pre-tightening, until it is rotated to the final compression state (for example, two stages of fastening, as shown in Figure 5 ), achieving multi-stage fastening and improving the uniformity of the compression between the first part 2 and the second part 3.

[0046] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 , the locking mechanism includes a locking block 9 and a mounting seat 11.

[0047] Specifically, the mounting seat 11 is arranged on the second part 3, for example, on the protruding part at the center of the end cover. The locking block 9 is arranged on the mounting seat 11 and can rotate by means of a screw or the like, and the screw only prevents the axial disconnection of the two when the locking block is rotated. The locking block 9 in this embodiment is preferably arranged on the mounting seat 11 by means of a guide bolt 10. When the locking block 9 is stuck and cannot be rotated and opened in an extreme situation, an emergency measure can be taken to loosen the guide bolt 10 by means of an electric wrench at a distance, and the locking block 9 is directly removed, so that the first part 2 and the second part 3 are disconnected. The L-shaped clamping groove is arranged on the locking block 9. In the system opening state, the slot of the clamping groove is opposite to the position of the pressing rod 72. After the pressing rod 72 is pressed down, the pressing rod 72 enters the clamping groove from the slot, and the system enters the fastening state. At this time, rotating the locking block 9 can clamp the pressing rod 72 into the clamping groove to prevent the pressing rod from being lifted upward to cause accidental disconnection. The number of locking mechanisms is matched with the number of pressing rods 72 to prevent disconnection of each pressing rod.

[0048] In this embodiment, the locking block 9 is preferably arranged in a ring shape, that is, the locking block 9 is a ring-shaped locking block. At this time, even if a plurality of cam connecting structures are arranged, only one locking block 9 can be arranged, and a plurality of clamping grooves are arranged on the ring-shaped locking block. In this way, the system structure can be further simplified, and the operation is convenient.

[0049] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 6 The locking mechanism further includes a stop screw 8, a spring 13, and a stop ball 14 to prevent the locking block from rotating under non-human operation.

[0050] Specifically, the locking block 9 is provided with a through threaded hole, the mounting seat 11 is provided with a groove, the stop ball 14, the spring 13, and the stop screw 8 are sequentially arranged in the through threaded hole, and the stop ball 14 can enter the groove on the mounting seat under the action of the spring 13, so that the locking block 9 cannot be easily rotated after being rotated in place (that is, the pressing rod 72 is clamped into the clamping groove), thereby preventing the cam pressing rod 7 from being loosened due to vibration or non-human operation during equipment operation, and avoiding connection fastening failure.

[0051] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 1 The locking mechanism further includes a handle 12 arranged on the locking block 9 to rotate the locking block 9 by means of the handle 12. At the same time, a mechanical hand, a long rod tool, or other auxiliary means can be used to remotely clamp the handle 12 to rotate the locking block 9 to a locked state or an unlocked state.

[0052] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 7As shown, the shaft sleeve 73 is movably sleeved on the pressing rod 72, that is, the shaft sleeve 73 can rotate around the axis of the pressing rod 72, and after the pressing rod 72 is clamped into the clamping groove of the locking block 7, the locking block 9 is separated from the pressing rod 72 by the shaft sleeve 73, so that the friction when the locking block rotates can be reduced, and the locking block can be prevented from being stuck.

[0053] In the embodiment, a square section is arranged on the pressing rod 72, so that the pressing rod 72 can be clamped by using a mechanical hand or other auxiliary equipment, and remote operation is facilitated.

[0054] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , 4 , the cam connecting mechanism further comprises a stop block 4 arranged on the second part 3 and located on the side of the cam 71 away from the rear end of the pressing rod 72, that is, the stop block 4 and the front end of the pressing rod 72 are located on the two sides of the rear end of the cam 71, respectively, when the cam 71 rotates to the last straight section and contacts the second part 3, the stop block 4 abuts against the cam 71, so as to limit the cam 71, prevent the pressing rod 7 from being pressed too much and the cam 71 from rotating outward to disengage, and ensure that the cam pressing rod 7 exerts a vertical force on the second part 3.

[0055] In the embodiment, the cam 71 has left and right two sub-cams, and correspondingly, the number of the stop blocks 4 can be set to two for each group, and the two stop blocks in each group are respectively opposite to the left and right two sub-cams of the cam 71.

[0056] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , 4 , a first limiting block 16 is arranged on the connecting rod 5, and after the pressing rod 72 is lifted to a certain extent, the first limiting block 16 can abut against the cam 71, that is, one limiting block 16 is used to abut against the cam after the pressing rod is lifted to a certain extent, so as to prevent the pressing rod from being lifted too much and disengaging outward.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 2 , 4 , a second limiting block 17 is arranged on the pin shaft mounting seat 15, and is used to abut against the connecting rod 5 after the pressing rod 72 is lifted to a certain extent, so as to prevent the pressing rod 72 from being lifted too much and the connecting rod 5 from disengaging outward.

[0058] In the embodiment, as shown in Figure 2 , 4 , the contact surface between the second limiting block 17 and the connecting rod 5 is preferably an inclined surface.

[0059] The use process of the quick disassembly and assembly multi-stage fastening system in the embodiment will be described in detail as follows.

[0060] Installation operation (with the cam connection structure fully open as the initial state, i.e., the pressure rod 72 is raised to abut against the first limit block 16): First, use a robotic arm or other means to clamp the square segment of the front end pressure rod 72 of the cam pressure rod 7 and rotate it counterclockwise around the connecting rod pin 1 ( Figure 2 Rotate the lever 72 upwards to make the connecting rod 5 rotate to a vertical position. Then, continue to rotate the pressure rod 72 to press it down towards the second part 3. The transition curve segment 711 on the cam 71 first contacts the second part 3. As it continues to press down, the first straight segment L1, the second straight segment L2, and other straight segments on the cam 71 become contact surfaces in sequence, contacting and squeezing the second part 3. This causes the second part 3 to move slowly and as a whole towards the first part 2, ultimately achieving the connection and fastening between the second part 2 and the first part 1. Then, use the robotic arm to hold the handle 12 and rotate the locking block 9 to insert the pressure rod 72 into the slot of the locking block 9. After the locking block 9 is rotated into place, the stop ball is pushed into the groove on the mounting base by the action of the spring to prevent the locking block from rotating without human intervention.

[0061] Disassembly procedure: First, use a robotic arm to grip handle 12 and rotate locking block 9 until the slot of locking block 9 is above pressure rod 72; then, use a robotic arm or other means to grip the square segment of pressure rod clockwise. Figure 2 Rotate the lever upwards (direction) to lift the pressure rod 72, causing the cam 71 to release the second part 3. Rotate the pressure rod 72 until it abuts against the first limit block 16, and continue to rotate the pressure rod 72 to drive the connecting rod to rotate around the connecting rod pin 1 until the connecting rod 5 abuts against the second limit block 17. At this time, the fastening system is fully opened, and the first part 2 and the second part 3 can be disassembled.

[0062] Example 2

[0063] This embodiment discloses a device for use in a radioactive environment, wherein at least a portion of the parts in the device (i.e., the first part 2 and the second part 3), particularly the parts connected by flanges, are connected using the multi-stage fastening system for quick assembly and disassembly described in Embodiment 1.

[0064] Specifically, the device is preferably a filter element of a high-temperature radioactive device or a radioactive filter device that uses a flange connection.

[0065] In some implementations, such as Figure 7 As shown, the two connected parts can also be provided with corresponding positioning holes, and positioning pins (74) are provided in the positioning holes to realize the positioning between the two connected parts.

[0066] It is understood that the above embodiments are only exemplary for illustrating the principles of the present application, and the present application is not limited thereto. Various modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, and these modifications and improvements are also considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A quick release multi-stage fastening system, characterized in that, The cam connecting mechanism and the locking mechanism are provided, The cam connecting mechanism is used for connecting the first part (2) and the second part (3), and comprises a connecting rod (5) and a cam pressing rod (7), the cam pressing rod comprises a rear end cam (71) and a front end pressing rod (72), one end of the connecting rod is connected with the first part, the other end of the connecting rod passes through the first part and the second part and is rotatably connected with the cam, and the cam is provided with a transition curve segment (711) and a plurality of straight line segments, when the pressing rod is pressed downward to the second part to drive the cam to rotate, the transition curve segment first contacts the second part, and then each straight line segment sequentially contacts and extrudes the second part to realize the connection and multi-stage fastening between the first part and the second part; The locking mechanism is arranged on the second part and is used for clamping the pressing rod after the cam connecting mechanism connects and fastens the first part and the second part; The locking mechanism comprises a locking block (9) and a mounting seat (11), the mounting seat is arranged on the second part, the locking block is arranged on the mounting seat and can rotate, the locking block is provided with an L-shaped clamping groove, and the rotating locking block can clamp the pressing rod into the clamping groove to prevent the pressing rod from being lifted upward; The locking mechanism further comprises a stop screw (8), a spring (13) and a stop ball (14), the locking block is provided with a through threaded hole, the mounting seat is provided with a groove, the stop ball, the spring and the stop screw are sequentially arranged in the through threaded hole, and the stop ball can enter the groove under the action of the spring.

2. The quick-release multi-stage fastening system of claim 1, wherein, The cam is provided with two straight line segments, which are a first straight line segment (712a) and a second straight line segment (712b), and the distance R1 from the first straight line segment to the rotation center of the cam is less than the distance R2 from the second straight line segment to the rotation center of the cam, and when the pressing rod is pressed downward, the first straight line segment first contacts the second part.

3. The quick-release multi-stage fastening system of claim 1, wherein, The locking mechanism further comprises a handle (12), and the handle is arranged on the locking block.

4. The quick-release multi-stage fastening system of claim 1, wherein, The pressing rod is movably sleeved with a shaft sleeve (73) for reducing the friction when the locking block rotates and preventing the locking block from being stuck.

5. The quick-release multi-stage fastening system of claim 1, wherein, The cam connecting mechanism further comprises a stop block (4), The stop block is arranged on the second part and is used for limiting the cam to prevent the pressing rod from being pressed downward excessively and the cam from rotating outward and being separated.

6. The quick-release multi-stage fastening system of claim 5, wherein, The connecting rod is provided with a first limiting block (16) for abutting against the cam when the pressing rod is lifted to a certain extent to prevent the pressing rod from being lifted excessively and separated outward.

7. An apparatus for use in a radioactive environment, characterized by The flange of the equipment is connected by using the multi-stage fastening system according to any one of claims 1-6.

8. The device for radioactive environments according to claim 7, characterized in that, The equipment is a high-temperature radioactive equipment or a radioactive filter equipment.

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