A special welding wire suitable for titanium, tungsten, niobium and zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys

Abstract

The present invention discloses a special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys. The wire is composed of the following components by mass percentage: W 1.0% to 1.5%, Nb 0.5% to 1.0%, Zr 12% to 13%, Fe ≤ 0.08%, O ≤ 0.06%, with the remainder being Ti and unavoidable impurities. The special welding wire of the present invention reduces the contents of the beta-stabilizing elements W and Nb in the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy, appropriately increases the content of the neutral element Zr, and strictly controls the contents of the impurity elements Fe and O. This increases the strength of the weld metal without reducing its plasticity after welding, ensuring that the strength and plasticity of the weld metal after welding are matched at room temperature and low temperatures. The welded structure obtained by welding the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys with this special welding wire has excellent low-temperature comprehensive performance and broad application prospects.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of welding materials, and in particular relates to a special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of my country's aerospace, medical chemical, superconducting, and magnetic levitation industries, the demand for cryogenically resistant materials is increasing. Among the diverse range of cryogenically resistant materials, titanium alloys, with their low ductile-brittle transition temperature, low thermal conductivity, high specific strength, and excellent corrosion resistance, have gradually emerged as a key low-temperature engineering material for use in various related fields. Since engineering materials inevitably require welding to connect to other components during use, metal materials with specific compositions are often welded with welding wires of specific compositions to ensure weld quality and structural reliability.

[0003] Our research group developed a titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium alloy for low-temperature environments at 77K. The alloy consists of the following weight percentages: W 2-3%, Nb 1.5-3.5%, Zr 9-11%, with the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities. This alloy is primarily used in cryogenic vessels, structural components, and associated piping systems for applications such as aerospace, superconducting, and magnetic levitation. It is a key material in both defense and civilian high-tech fields. As an alternative to traditional low-temperature titanium alloys like Ti-5Al-2.5Sn and Ti-6Al-4V, this titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium alloy exhibits excellent cold working properties and holds great promise for widespread application. However, specialized welding wire suitable for this alloy has yet to be reported. Using a welding wire with the same composition as the base material increases the risk of cracking in the welded structure due to significantly lower mechanical properties in the heat-affected zone compared to the base material, posing a serious risk. Therefore, the development of a specialized welding wire compatible with titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium alloys is crucial to improve the performance of welded structures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to address the shortcomings of the above-mentioned existing technologies and provide a special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys. This special welding wire improves the composition of titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys by reducing the content of beta-stabilizing elements W and Nb, appropriately increasing the content of neutral element Zr, and strictly controlling the content of impurity elements Fe and O. This increases the strength of the weld metal without reducing its plasticity after welding, ensuring that the strength and plasticity of the weld metal after welding are well matched at room temperature and low temperature, thus filling the gap in the lack of special welding wire for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys.

[0005] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a special welding wire suitable for titanium, tungsten, niobium and zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys, characterized in that it is composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.0% to 1.5%, Nb 0.5% to 1.0%, Zr 12% to 13%, Fe ≤ 0.08%, O ≤ 0.06%, and the balance is Ti and unavoidable impurities; the mechanical properties of the deposited metal formed by the special welding wire suitable for titanium, tungsten, niobium and zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys and the titanium, tungsten, niobium and zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys at a temperature of 77K meet the following requirements: tensile strength R m ≥1100MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥1000MPa, elongation A≥20%, the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy is composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 2%-3%, Nb 1.5%-3.5%, Zr 9%-11%, and the balance is Ti and unavoidable impurities.

[0006] The above-mentioned special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium low-temperature titanium alloy is characterized by being composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.5%, Nb 0.5%, Zr 12.5%, Fe≤0.08%, O≤0.06%, and the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities.

[0007] The above-mentioned special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy is characterized by being composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.2%, Nb 0.8%, Zr 12.0%, Fe≤0.08%, O≤0.06%, and the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities.

[0008] The above-mentioned special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy is characterized by being composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.3%, Nb 1.0%, Zr 12.2%, Fe≤0.08%, O≤0.06%, and the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities.

[0009] The above-mentioned special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy is characterized by being composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.0%, Nb 0.6%, Zr 13.0%, Fe≤0.08%, O≤0.06%, and the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities.

[0010] The preparation method of the special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0011] Step 1: Grade 0 titanium sponge, zirconium sponge, titanium-niobium master alloy, and titanium-tungsten master alloy are mixed uniformly according to the mass percentage of the target product special welding wire, and then pressed into a block electrode on a hydraulic press;

[0012] Step 2: using argon arc welding to weld multiple block electrodes pressed in step 1 into a long electrode strip, and then melting it 2 to 3 times in a vacuum consumable arc furnace to obtain an ingot;

[0013] Step 3: Cut off the riser of the ingot in step 2 and remove the surface defects by peeling, and then forge the ingot at a temperature of 1050℃~1150℃;

[0014] Step 4: placing the ingot after the blanking forging in step 3 on a free forging device, and performing free forging at a temperature of 900° C. to 1050° C. to obtain a rough rod;

[0015] Step 5: hot rolling the thick rod prepared in step 4 at a temperature of 850°C to 950°C to obtain thin rods with a diameter of Φ8mm to Φ12mm;

[0016] Step 6: polishing or lathing to remove defects such as oxide scale and microcracks on the surface of the thin rod in step 5, and then hot drawing at a temperature of 750° C. to 800° C. to obtain a wire;

[0017] Step 7: The wire material prepared in step 6 is subjected to surface mechanical treatment or acid-base washing treatment, and then annealing treatment to finally obtain a finished welding wire with a diameter specification of Φ1mm to Φ3mm.

[0018] The titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy in the present invention can be prepared by conventional methods: first, suitable raw materials are selected according to the composition requirements of the target product, and electrodes are mixed and pressed according to the designed composition, and then the alloy ingot is smelted three times in a vacuum consumable arc furnace to obtain an alloy ingot. Then, the alloy ingot is peeled and the riser and tail end are cut off, and then multi-fire blanking forging and upsetting forging are carried out on free forging equipment such as a hydraulic forging machine and a forging hammer, and finally the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy plate is obtained by hot rolling.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:

[0020] 1. The present invention designs a special welding wire for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium low-temperature titanium alloys. It improves the composition of titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium low-temperature titanium alloys by reducing the content of β-stabilizing elements W and Nb, and appropriately increasing the content of neutral element Zr. At the same time, the content of impurity elements Fe and O is strictly controlled, thereby increasing the strength of the deposited metal after welding without reducing its plasticity, ensuring that the strength and plasticity of the deposited metal after welding are matched at room temperature and low temperature.

[0021] 2. The welding structure obtained by welding the welding wire of the present invention with titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium low-temperature titanium alloy has good comprehensive performance. Its mechanical properties at room temperature of 293K meet the following requirements: tensile strength R m ≥580MPa, yield strength R p0.2≥480MPa, elongation A≥15%, good welding performance, and excellent room temperature cold forming performance.

[0022] 3. The deposited metal formed by welding the welding wire of the present invention with the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy has excellent strength-plasticity matching, and its mechanical properties at low temperature of 77K meet the following requirements: tensile strength R m ≥1100MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥1000MPa, elongation A≥20%, so that the welding structure obtained after the special welding wire of the present invention is used for welding titanium, tungsten, niobium and zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys has good low-temperature comprehensive performance.

[0023] The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below through examples. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Example 1

[0025] The special welding wire of this embodiment, which is applicable to titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy, is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: W 1.5%, Nb 0.5%, Zr 12.5%, Fe 0.05%, O 0.049%, and the balance is Ti and unavoidable impurities.

[0026] The preparation method of the special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0027] Step 1: Grade 0 titanium sponge, zirconium sponge, titanium-niobium master alloy, and titanium-tungsten master alloy are mixed uniformly according to the mass percentage of the target product special welding wire, and then pressed into a block electrode on a hydraulic press;

[0028] Step 2: using argon arc welding to weld multiple block electrodes pressed in step 1 into a long electrode strip, and then melting it three times in a vacuum consumable arc furnace to obtain an ingot;

[0029] Step 3: Cut off the riser of the ingot in step 2 and peel it to remove surface defects, and then forge it at a temperature of 1100°C;

[0030] Step 4: placing the ingot forged in step 3 on a free forging device and performing free forging at a temperature of 1000° C. to obtain a rough rod;

[0031] Step 5: hot rolling the thick rod in step 4 at a temperature of 880° C. to obtain a thin rod with a diameter of Φ9 mm;

[0032] Step 6: Remove the oxide scale and microcracks on the surface of the thin rod in step 5 by polishing or lathing, and then perform hot drawing at a temperature of 800° C. to obtain a wire;

[0033] Step 7: The wire material prepared in step 6 is subjected to surface mechanical treatment or acid-base washing treatment, and then annealing treatment to finally obtain a finished welding wire with a diameter of Φ3 mm.

[0034] A titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy plate with a nominal composition of Ti-2W-1.5Nb-9Zr and a thickness of 5 mm was selected as the base material. The titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy plate was cut into welding rods with specifications (length × width × thickness) of 40 mm × 25 mm × 5 mm. Before welding, the welding rods and the special welding wire of this embodiment were fully soaked in acetone to remove surface oil stains. Then, argon arc welding was used to complete the welding of the base materials. The room temperature and low-temperature properties of the deposited metal formed after welding are shown in Table 1 below.

[0035] Table 1

[0036]

[0037] As shown in Table 1, the mechanical properties of the deposited metal formed by welding the special welding wire of this embodiment with the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium low-temperature titanium alloy meet the following requirements: the tensile strength R m ≥580MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥480MPa, elongation A≥15%; tensile strength R at low temperature of 77K m ≥1100MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥1000MPa, and elongation A≥20%, indicating that the welded structure obtained after the special welding wire of this embodiment is used for welding titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys has good low-temperature comprehensive performance.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] The special welding wire of this embodiment is applicable to titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy and is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: W 1.2%, Nb 0.8%, Zr 12%, Fe 0.04%, O 0.037%, and the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities.

[0040] The preparation method of the special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0041] Step 1: Grade 0 titanium sponge, zirconium sponge, titanium-niobium master alloy, and titanium-tungsten master alloy are mixed uniformly according to the mass percentage of the target product special welding wire, and then pressed into a block electrode on a hydraulic press;

[0042] Step 2: using argon arc welding to weld the multiple block electrodes pressed in step 1 into a long electrode strip, and then performing two smelting in a vacuum consumable arc furnace to obtain an ingot;

[0043] Step 3: Cut off the riser of the ingot in step 2 and remove the surface defects by peeling, and then forge the ingot at a temperature of 1150°C;

[0044] Step 4: Place the ingot after the blanking forging in step 3 on a free forging device and perform free forging at a temperature of 1020° C. to obtain a rough rod;

[0045] Step 5: hot rolling the thick rod prepared in step 4 at a temperature of 900° C. to obtain a thin rod with a diameter of Φ8 mm;

[0046] Step 6: polishing or lathing to remove defects such as oxide scale and microcracks on the surface of the thin rod in step 5, and then hot drawing at a temperature of 780° C. to obtain a wire;

[0047] Step 7: The wire material prepared in step 6 is subjected to surface mechanical treatment or acid-base washing treatment, and then annealing treatment to finally obtain a finished welding wire with a diameter of Φ2.5 mm.

[0048] A titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy plate with a nominal composition of Ti-2W-2.5Nb-10Zr and a thickness of 10 mm was selected as the base material. The titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy plate was cut into welding rods with specifications (length × width × thickness) of 100 mm × 30 mm × 10 mm. Before welding, the welding rods and the special welding wire of this embodiment were fully soaked in acetone to remove surface oil stains. Then, argon arc welding was used to complete the welding of the base material. The room temperature and low-temperature performance data of the deposited metal formed after welding are shown in Table 2 below.

[0049] Table 2

[0050]

[0051] As shown in Table 2, the mechanical properties of the deposited metal formed by welding the special welding wire of this embodiment with the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium low-temperature titanium alloy meet the following requirements: the tensile strength R m ≥580MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥480MPa, elongation A≥15%; tensile strength R at low temperature of 77K m ≥1100MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥1000MPa, and elongation A≥20%, indicating that the welded structure obtained after the special welding wire of this embodiment is used for welding titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys has good low-temperature comprehensive performance.

[0052] Example 3

[0053] The special welding wire of this embodiment, which is applicable to titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy, is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: W 1.3%, Nb 1.0%, Zr 12.2%, Fe 0.03%, O 0.034%, and the balance being Ti and unavoidable impurities.

[0054] The preparation method of the special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0055] Step 1: Grade 0 titanium sponge, zirconium sponge, titanium-niobium master alloy, and titanium-tungsten master alloy are mixed uniformly according to the mass percentage of the target product special welding wire, and then pressed into a block electrode on a hydraulic press;

[0056] Step 2: using argon arc welding to weld multiple block electrodes pressed in step 1 into a long electrode strip, and then melting it three times in a vacuum consumable arc furnace to obtain an ingot;

[0057] Step 3: Cut off the riser of the ingot in step 2 and remove the surface defects by peeling, and then forge the ingot at a temperature of 1120°C;

[0058] Step 4: Place the ingot after the blanking forging in step 3 on a free forging device and perform free forging at a temperature of 980° C. to obtain a rough rod;

[0059] Step 5: hot rolling the thick rod prepared in step 4 at a temperature of 920° C. to obtain a thin rod with a diameter of Φ10 mm;

[0060] Step 6: polishing or lathing to remove defects such as oxide scale and microcracks on the surface of the thin rod in step 5, and then hot drawing at a temperature of 750° C. to obtain a wire;

[0061] Step 7: The wire material prepared in step 6 is subjected to surface mechanical treatment or acid-base washing treatment, and then annealing treatment to finally obtain a finished welding wire with a diameter of Φ1 mm.

[0062] A titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy plate with a nominal composition of Ti-3W-2.5Nb-9Zr and a thickness of 4 mm was selected as the base material. The titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy plate was cut into welding rods with specifications (length × width × thickness) of 40 mm × 25 mm × 4 mm. Before welding, the welding rods and the special welding wire of this embodiment were fully soaked in acetone to remove surface oil stains. Then, argon arc welding was used to complete the welding of the base material. The room temperature and low-temperature performance data of the deposited metal formed after welding are shown in Table 3 below.

[0063] Table 3

[0064]

[0065] As shown in Table 3, the mechanical properties of the deposited metal formed by welding the special welding wire of this embodiment with the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy meet the following requirements: the tensile strength R m ≥580MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥480MPa, elongation A≥15%; tensile strength R at low temperature of 77K m ≥1100MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥1000MPa, and elongation A≥20%, indicating that the welded structure obtained after the special welding wire of this embodiment is used for welding titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys has good low-temperature comprehensive performance.

[0066] Example 4

[0067] The special welding wire of this embodiment, which is applicable to titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy, is composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.0%, Nb 0.6%, Zr 13.0%, Fe 0.04%, O 0.038%, and the balance is Ti and unavoidable impurities.

[0068] The preparation method of the special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys of the present invention comprises the following steps:

[0069] Step 1: Grade 0 titanium sponge, zirconium sponge, titanium-niobium master alloy, and titanium-tungsten master alloy are mixed uniformly according to the mass percentage of the target product special welding wire, and then pressed into a block electrode on a hydraulic press;

[0070] Step 2: using argon arc welding to weld the multiple block electrodes pressed in step 1 into a long electrode strip, and then performing two smelting in a vacuum consumable arc furnace to obtain an ingot;

[0071] Step 3: Cut off the riser of the ingot in step 2 and remove the surface defects by peeling, and then forge the ingot at a temperature of 1080°C;

[0072] Step 4: Place the ingot after the blanking forging in step 3 on a free forging device and perform free forging at a temperature of 950° C. to obtain a rough rod;

[0073] Step 5: hot rolling the thick rod in step 4 at a temperature of 880° C. to obtain a thin rod with a diameter of Φ9 mm;

[0074] Step 6: polishing or lathing to remove defects such as oxide scale and microcracks on the surface of the thin rod in step 5, and then hot drawing at a temperature of 780° C. to obtain a wire;

[0075] Step 7: The wire material prepared in step 6 is subjected to surface mechanical treatment or acid-base washing treatment, and then annealing treatment to finally obtain a finished welding wire with a diameter of Φ2 mm.

[0076] A titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy plate with a nominal composition of Ti-2.5W-3Nb-11Zr and a thickness of 10 mm was selected as the base material. The titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy plate was cut into welding rods with specifications (length × width × thickness) of 100 mm × 30 mm × 10 mm. Before welding, the welding rods and the special welding wire of this embodiment were fully soaked in acetone to remove surface oil stains. Then, argon arc welding was used to complete the welding of the base material. The room temperature and low-temperature performance data of the deposited metal formed after welding are shown in Table 4 below.

[0077] Table 4

[0078]

[0079] As shown in Table 4, the mechanical properties of the deposited metal formed by welding the special welding wire of this embodiment with the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium low-temperature titanium alloy meet the following requirements: the tensile strength R m ≥580MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥480MPa, elongation A≥15%; tensile strength R at low temperature of 77K m ≥1100MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥1000MPa, and elongation A≥20%, indicating that the welded structure obtained after the special welding wire of this embodiment is used for welding titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloys has good low-temperature comprehensive performance.

[0080] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent variation made to the above embodiment based on the essence of the invention technology shall still fall within the scope of protection of the technical solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A special welding wire suitable for titanium, tungsten, niobium and zirconium series low temperature titanium alloys, characterized in that: The invention is composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.0% to 1.5%, Nb 0.5% to 1.0%, Zr 12% to 13%, Fe≤0.08%, O≤0.06%, and the balance is Ti and inevitable impurities; the mechanical properties of the deposited metal formed by the special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy and the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy at a temperature of 77K meet the following requirements: tensile strength R m ≥1100MPa, yield strength R p0.2 ≥1000MPa, elongation A≥20%, the titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium low-temperature titanium alloy is composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 2%-3%, Nb 1.5%-3.5%, Zr 9%-11%, and the balance Ti and unavoidable impurities.

2. The special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.5%, Nb 0.5%, Zr 12.5%, Fe≤0.08%, O≤0.06%, and the balance is Ti and unavoidable impurities.

3. The special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.2%, Nb 0.8%, Zr 12.0%, Fe≤0.08%, O≤0.06%, and the balance is Ti and unavoidable impurities.

4. The special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.3%, Nb 1.0%, Zr 12.2%, Fe≤0.08%, O≤0.06%, and the balance is Ti and unavoidable impurities.

5. The special welding wire suitable for titanium-tungsten-niobium-zirconium series low-temperature titanium alloy according to claim 1, characterized in that: It is composed of the following components in mass percentage: W 1.0%, Nb 0.6%, Zr 13.0%, Fe≤0.08%, O≤0.06%, and the balance is Ti and unavoidable impurities.

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