Rubber spring vibration isolator, track bed slab, and track bed

Abstract

The present application provides a kind of rubber spring vibration isolator, track bed plate and track bed, can be disconnected by multiple rubber springs between track bed and rigid connection of base structure, absorb the impact energy of train, realize track vibration reduction and noise reduction.Especially, the elastic element includes rubber spring, upper cover, lower cover, two limit rings and support cover, both ends of rubber spring are respectively embedded in upper cover and lower cover, and are pressed by two limit rings respectively, support cover is covered outside upper cover and lower cover and is fixedly connected with upper cover, so that both ends of rubber spring are embedded and pressed tightly, and are not easy to separate from upper cover and lower cover, support cover, upper cover and lower cover also form the structure for transverse limiting of rubber spring, reasonably constrain the degree of freedom of rubber spring, so that it can play more stable, ideal damping effect.Rubber spring is covered in support cover, upper cover and lower cover, and can also play a protective role for rubber spring, prolong its service life.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of track vibration and noise reduction, and particularly relates to a rubber spring vibration isolator, a track bed plate and a track bed. BACKGROUND

[0002] Currently, in the field of rail transit, the concrete floating slab track bed technology is increasingly adopted. The floating slab track bed is a monolithic track bed, which is characterized in that an elastic vibration isolator is arranged below the floating slab, so as to effectively reduce the vibration and noise of the track structure. One of them is a floating slab track bed using rubber springs. The inventor's CN218232978U proposes a regulating type vibration isolator, which uses a rubber spring as an elastic component, and the rubber spring is contained in the space formed by the embedding of the upper shell and the lower shell. The upper and lower surfaces of the rubber spring are bonded to the upper and lower shells respectively, so as to protect and limit the rubber spring, thereby prolonging its service life and achieving more ideal vibration reduction performance.

[0003] However, such a vibration isolator still has some deficiencies. Under the influence of outdoor conditions or after long-term work, the bonding force of the bonding material may weaken or even fail, causing the upper and lower ends of the rubber spring to be separated from the upper and lower shells. In addition, the upper and lower shells and the rubber spring may also be separated during the transportation of the vibration isolator, and clamps or other devices have to be used additionally, increasing the burden of construction personnel. Since the lower shell is embedded in the upper shell, the size of the upper shell must be larger than that of the lower shell. The end of the rubber spring contained in the upper shell still has a transverse movement space, which may also cause deviation and affect the vibration reduction effect. Therefore, it is necessary to further improve such a vibration isolator. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application is to solve the above problems, and aims to provide a rubber spring vibration isolator that can better regulate and limit the rubber spring, so as to prevent it from deviating and falling off during long-term use and ensure the vibration reduction effect. The present application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] The present application provides a rubber spring vibration isolator, characterized in that it comprises: an outer sleeve, which is fixedly embedded in the track bed plate along its length direction; an elastic element, which is arranged below the outer sleeve; and a locking gasket, which is embedded in the outer sleeve and fixedly connected with the elastic element through a connecting piece, wherein the elastic element comprises: a rubber spring, both ends of which are circular plate-shaped; an upper cover and a lower cover, both of which are circular cover-shaped and have annular grooves on their inner surfaces; two limiting rings, which are respectively embedded in the two annular grooves, and the two ends of the rubber spring are respectively embedded in the upper cover and the lower cover and are pressed by the two limiting rings; and a supporting cover, which is wrapped outside the upper cover and the lower cover and is fixedly connected with the upper cover.

[0006] The rubber spring vibration isolator provided by the present application can also have the following technical features: the distance from the annular groove in the upper cover to the inner top surface of the upper cover corresponds to the thickness of one end of the rubber spring, the distance from the annular groove in the lower cover to the inner bottom surface of the lower cover corresponds to the thickness of the other end of the rubber spring, and the wire diameter of the limiting ring is greater than the groove depth of the annular groove.

[0007] The rubber spring vibration isolator provided by the present application can also have the following technical features: the upper cover comprises an upper cover main body part in the shape of a circular plate, an upper cover edge part in the shape of a cylinder connected at one end to the edge of one surface of the upper cover main body part, and an upper cover connecting part provided on the other surface of the upper cover main body part, in the shape of a ring and having a plurality of arc-shaped notches uniformly distributed along the circular ring thereof; and the support cover comprises a support cover main body part in the shape of a circular plate, having an upper cover fitting hole in the middle part thereof matching the shape of the upper cover connecting part, and a support cover edge part in the shape of a cylinder connected at one end to the edge of one surface of the support cover main body part, the inner diameter of the support cover edge part corresponding to the outer diameter of the upper cover main body part.

[0008] The rubber spring vibration isolator provided by the present application can also have the following technical features: the annular groove in the upper cover is provided on the inner surface of the upper cover edge part, the upper cover main body part has a plurality of upper cover fixing holes uniformly distributed along the circumference thereof, and the plurality of upper cover fixing holes are respectively located at the plurality of arc-shaped notches; the support cover main body part has a plurality of connecting protrusions extending into the middle part of the upper cover fitting hole, the positions of the plurality of connecting protrusions corresponding to the plurality of arc-shaped notches, and the connecting protrusions are provided with support cover fixing holes, the distribution of the plurality of support cover fixing holes corresponding to the distribution of the plurality of upper cover fixing holes.

[0009] The rubber spring vibration isolator provided by the present application can also have the following technical features: the lower cover comprises a lower cover main body part in the shape of a circular plate, having a limiting through hole in the middle part thereof, and a lower cover edge part in the shape of a cylinder connected at one end to the edge of one surface of the lower cover main body part, and the annular groove in the lower cover is provided on the inner surface of the lower cover edge part.

[0010] The rubber spring vibration isolator provided by the present application can also have the following technical features: it further comprises a limiting column in the shape of a cylinder, one end of which is driven into the base for fixation, wherein the shape of the limiting through hole matches the other end of the limiting column, the other end of the limiting column is fitted into the limiting through hole and abuts against one end of the rubber spring.

[0011] The rubber spring vibration isolator provided by the application can also have the following technical features: the inner wall of the outer sleeve has N support protrusions that are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall and have equal distances to the upper end of the outer sleeve, and N jacking blocks that are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall, have equal distances to the upper end of the outer sleeve, and are closer to the upper end of the outer sleeve than the support protrusions.

[0012] The rubber spring vibration isolator provided by the application can also have the following technical features: the rubber spring vibration isolator further comprises at least one height adjustment washer arranged between the locking washer and the elastic element, used for adjusting the installation height of the elastic element in the outer sleeve, wherein the height adjustment washer, the locking washer, and the outer contour of the support cover all match the shape enclosed by the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the N support protrusions.

[0013] The track bed plate provided by the application comprises a plate body and a plurality of the rubber spring vibration isolators arranged in the plate body, and the plate body is placed on a base through the plurality of rubber spring vibration isolators.

[0014] The track bed provided by the application comprises a plurality of the track bed plates arranged on a base in sequence.

[0015] Inventive action and effect

[0016] The rubber spring vibration isolator, the track bed plate, and the track bed provided by the application can disconnect the rigid connection between the track bed structure and the base structure through the plurality of rubber springs, absorb the impact energy when the train is running, and achieve the effect of track vibration reduction and noise reduction. The stiffness of the rubber spring is easy to adjust, so the vibration isolator can be applied to various road sections with different vibration reduction needs. In particular, the elastic element comprises a rubber spring, an upper cover, a lower cover, two limiting rings, and a support cover, the two ends of the rubber spring are respectively embedded in the upper cover and the lower cover and are respectively pressed by the two limiting rings, the support cover is wrapped outside the upper cover and the lower cover and is fixedly connected with the upper cover, so the two ends of the rubber spring are embedded and pressed and are not easy to be separated from the upper cover and the lower cover, the support cover, the upper cover, and the lower cover also form a structure for laterally limiting the rubber spring, reasonably constrain the degree of freedom of the rubber spring, and make the rubber spring have a more stable and ideal vibration reduction effect. The rubber spring is wrapped in the support cover, the upper cover, and the lower cover, and can also protect the rubber spring and prolong the service life of the rubber spring. In addition, during construction, the elastic element can be installed as a whole, so that the installation of the vibration isolator and the construction of the track bed plate are more convenient and fast. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1is a sectional view of the ballast in the embodiment of the present application;

[0018] Figure 2 is a sectional view of the rubber spring isolator in the embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 3 is an exploded view of the rubber spring isolator in the embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the outer sleeve in the embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 5 is a top view of the outer sleeve in the embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 6 is a sectional view of the outer sleeve in the embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the locking washer in the embodiment of the present application;

[0024] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the height adjustment washer in the embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 9 is a perspective view of the rubber spring in the embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 10 is a perspective view of the support cover in the embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 11 is a bottom view of the support cover in the embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 12 is a perspective view of the upper cover in the embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 13 is a top view of the upper cover in the embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 14 is a perspective view of the lower cover in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 15 is a sectional view of the elastic element in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 16 is a perspective view of the limiting post in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 17 is a perspective view of the jacking tool in the embodiment of the present application;

[0034] Figure 18 is a flow chart of the installation of the rubber spring isolator in the embodiment of the present application.

[0035] Reference signs:

[0036] Rail bed 100; Rubber spring isolator 10; Outer sleeve 11; Sleeve body 111; Sleeve edge 112; Sleeve fixing pin 113; Support protrusion 114; Jacking block 115; Protective cover fixing seat 116; Protective cover 12; Locking washer 13; Locking piece flange 131; Locking piece clearance hole 132; Locking piece mounting groove 133; Height adjustment washer 14; Height adjustment piece flange 141; Height adjustment piece clearance hole 142; Height adjustment piece mounting groove 143; Elastic element 15; Support cover 151; Support cover main body part 1511; Upper cover fitting hole 1511a; Connection protrusion 15111; Support cover fixing hole 15111a; Support flange 1512; Support cover edge part 1513; Upper cover 152; Upper cover main body part 1521; Upper cover fixing hole 1521a; Upper cover edge part 1522; Upper cover connection part 1523; Arc-shaped notch 1523a; Upper cover clearance groove 1523b; Upper cover connection hole 1523c; Rubber spring 153; Spring main body part 1531; Spring end part 1532; Lower cover 154; Lower cover main body part 1541; Limiting through hole 1541a; Lower cover edge part 1542; Lower cover annular groove 1542a; Limiting ring 155; Countersunk screw 156; Limiting column 16; First column part 161; Second column part 162; Rail bed plate 20; Plate body 21; Base 30; Steel rail 40; Rail bed 100. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] In order to make the technical means, creative features, purposes and effects of the present application easy to understand, the rubber spring isolator, rail bed plate and rail bed of the present application are specifically described below in combination with embodiments and drawings.

[0038] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and therefore cannot be understood as indicating or implying that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present application. In addition, the terms "first", "second" and the like are only for the purpose of description and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0039] <EMBODIMENT>

[0040] Figure 1 is a sectional view of the rail bed in the present embodiment, Figure 1 is only to show the structural composition of the whole rail bed, and the isolator is a schematic diagram and does not represent its actual structure.

[0041] As Figure 1As shown, the present embodiment provides a track bed 100 for placing steel rails 40, the track bed 100 is formed by a plurality of track bed plates arranged in sequence with the head-to-tail mode, each track bed plate comprises a plate body 21 and a plurality of rubber spring vibration isolators 10 embedded in the plate body 21. Wherein the plate body 21 is a reinforced concrete plate, the rubber spring vibration isolators 10 are embedded in the plate body 21 in a manner of two in a group, the connecting line direction of the two rubber spring vibration isolators 10 in a group is consistent with the width direction of the plate body 21, and the two rubber spring vibration isolators 10 in a group are respectively located at positions close to the two steel rails, and a plurality of groups of rubber spring vibration isolators 10 are distributed along the length direction of the plate body 21.

[0042] The plate body 21 is not in direct contact with the base 30 below, but is placed on the base 30 through a plurality of rubber spring vibration isolators 10, forming a floating plate form, that is, the plate body 21 and the base 30 are elastically connected, achieving a damping effect.

[0043] Figure 2 Is the sectional view of the rubber spring vibration isolator in the present embodiment.

[0044] Figure 3 Is the exploded view of the structure of the rubber spring vibration isolator in the present embodiment.

[0045] As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the rubber spring vibration isolator 10 comprises an outer sleeve 11, a protective cover 12, a locking gasket 13, at least one height adjustment gasket 14, an elastic element 15, and a limiting column 16.

[0046] Figure 4 Is the perspective view of the outer sleeve in the present embodiment.

[0047] Figure 5 Is the top view of the outer sleeve in the present embodiment.

[0048] Figure 6 Is the sectional view of the outer sleeve in the present embodiment.

[0049] As shown in Figures 4-6 , the outer sleeve 11 is made of metal material (cast iron), and the whole is a through type cylindrical structure, the overall height is consistent with the thickness of the plate body 21. When the plate body 21 formed by pouring concrete, the outer sleeve 11 is embedded in the plate body 21, the length direction of the outer sleeve 11 is consistent with the thickness direction of the plate body 21, and the two ends of the length direction of the outer sleeve 11 are respectively located at the two surfaces of the thickness direction of the plate body 21, that is, the upper end opening and the lower end opening of the outer sleeve 11 respectively expose from the two surfaces of the plate body 21.

[0050] The outer sleeve 11 comprises a cylinder body 111, a cylinder edge 112, a plurality of cylinder body fixing pins 113, a plurality of support protrusions 114, a plurality of jacking blocks 115, and a plurality of protective cover fixing seats 116.

[0051] The barrel body 111 is a cylindrical barrel with uniform thickness, and penetrates along its length direction. One end of the length direction is the upper end of the barrel body, which is used to install the protective cover 12. The barrel edge 112 is connected to the other end of the length direction of the barrel body 111, and extends outward from the barrel body 111 to form a flange.

[0052] The barrel body fixing pin 113 is a round rod, one end of which is connected to the outer wall of the barrel body 111, and the barrel body fixing pin 113 extends outward along the radial direction of the barrel body 111. There are two groups of four barrel body fixing pins 113, one group of two of which is arranged at the lower end of the barrel body 111 close to the barrel edge 112, and the other group of two is arranged close to the upper end of the barrel body 111. The two barrel body fixing pins 113 in each group are arranged at the two ends of the radial direction of the barrel body 111. The extension directions of the two groups of barrel body fixing pins 113 are perpendicular to each other, and the four barrel body fixing pins 113 form a cross shape from the top view.

[0053] When the plate body 21 is poured, the outer sleeve 11 is placed in the steel reinforcement frame (steel reinforcement cage) for pouring the plate body 21 in advance, and the barrel body fixing pin 113 is used for binding and fixing with the steel reinforcement frame to avoid the position deviation of the outer sleeve 11 during pouring. In addition, the barrel body fixing pin 113 and the barrel edge 112 can also increase the adhesion and bearing capacity of the outer sleeve 11 in the concrete plate body 21.

[0054] The support protrusion 114 is a crescent-shaped plate with a certain thickness, one end of which in the width direction matches the curvature of the inner wall of the barrel body 111, and the one end is connected to the inner wall of the barrel body 111. The surface direction of the support protrusion 114 is perpendicular to the length direction of the barrel body 111, that is, substantially parallel to the surface direction of the plate body 21. In this embodiment, there are three support protrusions 114, which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the barrel body 111, and the three support protrusions 114 are close to the lower end of the barrel body 111 (i.e., the end with the barrel edge 112) and are arranged at the same height, that is, the distance from the three support protrusions 114 to the lower end of the barrel body 111 is the same.

[0055] The jacking block 115 is a block arranged on the inner wall of the barrel body 111, and has two protrusions extending from both sides of one end facing the lower end of the barrel body 111, and a slot for the jacking tool to extend into is formed between the two protrusions. In this embodiment, there are three jacking blocks 115, which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the barrel body 111, and are respectively aligned with the three support protrusions 114 in the length direction of the barrel body 111. The three jacking blocks 115 are arranged at the same height and are respectively located above the three support protrusions 114.

[0056] The protective cover fixing seat 116 is in block shape, arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body 111, and close to the upper end of the cylinder body. A screw hole is arranged on the end face of the protective cover fixing seat 116 facing the upper end of the cylinder body, for arranging a screw to connect the protective cover 12. In this embodiment, the protective cover fixing seat 116 is also three, evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall of the cylinder body 111, and respectively aligned with the three supporting protrusions 114 in the length direction of the cylinder body 111.

[0057] The protective cover 12 is a circular cover plate, which is made of insulating material such as plastic or rubber, and its size matches the upper end of the cylinder body 111. The protective cover 12 has three connecting holes, which are distributed corresponding to the distribution of the screw holes on the three protective cover fixing seats 116. The protective cover 12 is installed on the upper end of the cylinder body 111 and fixed on the multiple protective cover fixing seats 116 by multiple screws. The protective cover 12 can prevent dust and sundries from falling into the outer sleeve 11 and affecting the damping effect of the vibration isolator 10.

[0058] Figure 7 It is a perspective view of the locking washer in this embodiment.

[0059] As shown in Figure 7 , the locking washer 13 is a sheet-shaped piece made of metal, whose main part is roughly circular and sheet-shaped, and has three locking piece flanges 131 extending radially outward, so that its outer contour shape corresponds to the shape enclosed between the inner wall of the cylinder body 111 and the three supporting protrusions 114. Therefore, the locking washer 13 can be put from the upper end of the cylinder body 111 and fitted between the three supporting protrusions 114. The middle part of the locking washer 13 has a locking piece clearance hole 132, and three locking piece mounting grooves 133 respectively communicating with the locking piece clearance hole 132. The three locking piece mounting grooves 133 are distributed staggered with the three locking piece flanges 131.

[0060] Figure 8 It is a perspective view of the height adjustment washer in this embodiment.

[0061] As shown in Figure 8 , the height adjustment washer 14 is also a sheet-shaped piece made of metal, which also has three height adjustment piece flanges 141 extending radially outward, and its outer contour shape is consistent with that of the locking washer 13. The middle part also has a height adjustment piece clearance hole 142 and three height adjustment piece mounting grooves 143 respectively communicating with the height adjustment piece clearance hole 142. The difference is that the positions of the three height adjustment piece mounting grooves 143 correspond to the positions of the three height adjustment piece flanges 141. The structures of the locking washer 13 and the height adjustment washer 14 are consistent with those in CN218232978U, and will not be described in detail.

[0062] The elastic element 15 includes a support cover 151, an upper cover 152, a rubber spring 153, a lower cover 154, and two limiting rings 155. The structure of the other components of the elastic element 15 is based on the structural design of the rubber spring 153, so the structure of the rubber spring 153 will be described first below.

[0063] Figure 9 This is a perspective view of the rubber spring in this embodiment.

[0064] like Figure 9 As shown, the rubber spring 153 includes a spring body 1531 and two spring ends 1532. The spring body 1531 is conical in shape, with larger diameters at both ends and a relatively smaller diameter in the middle. Both spring ends 1532 are circular plates, coaxial with the spring body 1531, and their diameters are larger than the diameter of the ends of the spring body 1531; that is, each end of the rubber spring 153 has a flange. In this embodiment, the diameter and thickness of the two spring ends 1532 of the rubber spring 153 are the same.

[0065] Figure 10 This is a perspective view of the support cover in this embodiment.

[0066] Figure 11 This is a bottom view of the support cover in this embodiment.

[0067] like Figures 10-11 As shown, the support cover 151 includes a support cover body 1511, a plurality of support flanges 1512, and a support cover edge 1513.

[0068] The main body 1511 of the support cover is generally annular and has a certain thickness. Its central portion in the surface direction has an upper cover fitting hole 1511a and three connecting protrusions 15111 extending from the center of the upper cover fitting hole 1511a. The ends of the connecting protrusions 15111 are arc-shaped. Support cover fixing holes 15111a are respectively provided on the three connecting protrusions 15111, all of which are circular countersunk holes.

[0069] The support flange 1512 is roughly arc-shaped. The three support flanges 1512 extend outward from the edge of the support cover body 1511, and the three support flanges 1512 are evenly distributed along the circumference of the support cover body 1511, so that the outer contour of the support cover 151 is basically consistent with the outer contour of the locking gasket 13.

[0070] The support cover edge 1513 is in the shape of a thin-walled cylinder, and one of its axial ends is connected to the edge of a surface of the support cover body 1511 and is coaxial with the support cover body 1511.

[0071] Figure 12 This is a perspective view of the top cover in this embodiment.

[0072] Figure 13 is a top view of the upper cover in this embodiment.

[0073] As shown in Figures 12-13 , the upper cover 152 is in the shape of a circular cover as a whole, comprising an upper cover body part 1521, an upper cover edge part 1522 and an upper cover connecting part 1523.

[0074] The upper cover body part 1521 is in the shape of a circular plate, and its edge part has three upper cover fixing holes 1521a which are evenly distributed along its circumference.

[0075] The upper cover edge part 1522 is in the shape of a thin-walled cylinder, and its one end in the axial direction is connected to the edge part of one surface of the upper cover body part 1521 and is coaxial with the upper cover body part 1521. The diameter of the upper cover body part 1521 is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the upper cover edge part 1522.

[0076] The inner surface of the upper cover edge part 1522 has a ring-shaped groove (not shown in the figure) thereon. The distance from the ring-shaped groove to the top surface of the upper cover 152 (i.e. the surface of the upper cover body part 1521) corresponds to the thickness of the spring end part 1532.

[0077] The upper cover connecting part 1523 is arranged on the other surface of the upper cover body part 1521 and is in the shape of a ring-shaped protrusion in general. The inner side of the upper cover connecting part 1523 forms an upper cover accommodation groove 1523b which is a circular groove and is used for accommodating the installation tool. The outer side of the upper cover connecting part 1523 has three arc-shaped notches 1523a which are evenly distributed along the ring and whose openings are all outward. The upper cover connecting part 1523 further has three upper cover connecting holes 1523c which are circular through holes and are arranged beside the three arc-shaped notches 1523a respectively. The upper cover connecting holes 1523c pass through the upper cover connecting part 1523 and the upper cover body part 1521. In addition, the three upper cover fixing holes 1521a are located at the three arc-shaped notches 1523a respectively, i.e. the arc-shaped notches 1523a are actually arranged for accommodating the three upper cover fixing holes 1521a.

[0078] In addition, the shape of the upper cover fitting hole 1511a on the support cover 151 matches the outer contour shape of the upper cover connecting part 1523.

[0079] Figure 14 is a perspective view of the lower cover in this embodiment.

[0080] As shown in Figure 14 , the lower cover 154 is in the shape of a circular cover as a whole, comprising a lower cover body part 1541 and a lower cover edge part 1542.

[0081] The lower cover main body portion 1541 is in a circular plate shape, and has a circular limiting through hole 1541a in the middle portion in the surface direction for mounting the limiting post 16.

[0082] The lower cover edge portion 1542 is in a thin-walled cylindrical shape, and is connected to the edge portion of one surface of the lower cover main body portion 1541 at one end, and is coaxial with the lower cover main body portion 1541. The lower cover edge portion 1542 has a lower cover annular groove 1542a on the inner surface. The distance from the lower cover annular groove 1542a to the bottom surface of the lower cover 154 (i.e., the surface of the lower cover main body portion 1541) corresponds to the thickness of the spring end portion 1532.

[0083] In this embodiment, the size of the lower cover main body portion 1541 is substantially the same as the size of the upper cover main body portion 1521, and the size of the lower cover edge portion 1542 is substantially the same as the size of the upper cover edge portion 1522.

[0084] The inner diameter of the upper cover 152 (i.e., the inner diameter of the upper cover edge portion 1522) and the inner diameter of the lower cover 154 are substantially the same as the diameter of the spring end portion 1532 of the rubber spring 153. The depth of the upper cover 152 (i.e., the width of the upper cover edge portion 1522) and the depth of the lower cover 154 are each less than half the thickness of the rubber spring 153.

[0085] In addition, the inner diameter of the support cover edge portion 1513 of the support cover 151 is substantially the same as the outer diameter of the upper cover main body portion 1521, and is slightly larger than the outer diameter of the upper cover edge portion 1522 and the lower cover edge portion 1542.

[0086] The limiting ring 155 is a steel wire ring with uniform wire diameter, and the wire diameter is greater than the groove depth of the upper cover annular groove and the lower cover annular groove 1542a.

[0087] Figure 15 is a sectional view of the elastic element in this embodiment.

[0088] As shown in Figure 15 the two spring end portions 1532 of the rubber spring 153 are respectively fitted in the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154, which have sizes matching the spring end portions 1532. Since the depth of the upper cover 152 and the depth of the lower cover 154 are each less than half the thickness of the rubber spring 153, the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154 do not contact each other, and do not affect the compression of the rubber spring 153.

[0089] Two limit rings 155 are respectively embedded in the upper cover annular groove and the lower cover annular groove 1542a. The limit ring 155 can be tensioned in the groove by the tension of its own material. Since the diameter of the limit ring 155 is greater than the groove depth, the limit ring 155 protrudes outward from the groove opening to form a protruding limit structure. The end face of one spring end portion 1532 is attached to the top surface of the upper cover 152, and the edge of the spring end portion 1532 is pressed by the limit ring 155. The other spring end portion 1532 is similarly attached to the bottom surface of the lower cover 154 and is pressed by the other limit ring 155.

[0090] The support cover 151 covers the outer side of the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154.

[0091] The upper cover 152 is embedded in the top of the support cover 151. The upper cover connecting portion 1523 of the upper cover 152 is embedded in the upper cover embedding hole 1511a of the support cover 151. At this time, the three upper cover fixing holes 1521a on the upper cover 152 and the three support cover fixing holes 15111a on the support cover 151 are aligned, and three countersunk head screws 156 can be installed to fixedly connect the support cover 151 and the upper cover 152. After installing the countersunk head screws 156, the upper end surface of the support cover 151 is still flat. The three upper cover connecting holes 1523c on the upper cover 152 are exposed from the upper cover embedding hole 1511a of the support cover 151.

[0092] The elastic element 15 can be pre-assembled. When the rubber spring isolator 10 is installed on site, the elastic element 15 can be installed as a whole.

[0093] Figure 16 is a perspective view of the limit post in this embodiment.

[0094] As shown in Figure 16 , the limit post 16 is a metal pin post, including a first post portion 161 and a second post portion 162, which are coaxially connected, and the diameter of the first post portion 161 is greater than that of the second post portion 162, forming a stepped structure, which can control the penetration depth when penetrating the base 30.

[0095] As shown in Figure 3 , the outer sleeve 11 is pre-buried in the plate body 21.

[0096] The locking gasket 13 is horizontally embedded between the three support protrusions 114 of the outer sleeve 11.

[0097] The height adjustment gasket 14 is horizontally arranged below the locking gasket 13, and the three height adjustment gasket flanges 141 are respectively located below the three support protrusions 114.

[0098] The elastic element 15 is arranged below the outer sleeve 11, the upper end (support cover 151) of which is below the height adjustment washer 14, and the three support flanges 1512 of the support cover 151 are respectively aligned with the three height adjustment flange 141 of the height adjustment washer 14; the lower end (lower cover 154) of the elastic element 15 is placed on the base 30.

[0099] At this time, the three locking piece installation grooves 133 on the locking washer 13, the three height adjustment piece installation grooves 143 on the height adjustment washer 14, and the three upper cover connecting holes 1523c on the upper cover 152 are respectively aligned, and the mounting screws are used to fixedly connect the locking washer 13, the height adjustment washer 14 and the elastic element 15.

[0100] The second column part 162 of the limiting column 16 is fixedly punched into the base 30, and the first column part 161 is embedded in the limiting through hole 1541a at the bottom of the lower cover 154, thereby transversely limiting the elastic element 15.

[0101] Therefore, in the force bearing state, the three support flanges 1512 of the support cover 151 of the elastic element 15 are respectively attached to the three height adjustment flanges 141 of the height adjustment washer 14, and are respectively attached to the three support protrusions 114 of the outer sleeve 11. That is, the force borne by the plate body 21 is transmitted to the elastic element 15 through the three support protrusions 114 of the outer sleeve 11. The locking washer 13 is embedded between the three support protrusions 114 and cannot rotate, so the elastic element 15 fixedly connected thereto also cannot rotate, which can avoid the rotation of the elastic element 15 and the disengagement of the support protrusions 114, thereby avoiding the failure of the vibration isolator.

[0102] During construction, the prefabricated plate body 21 with multiple outer sleeves 11 embedded therein is first transported to the site and placed at the predetermined position, and then the plate body 21 needs to be jacked up to separate it from the base 30, and the elastic element 15 and the like are installed in the outer sleeve 11 below. A tool for jacking up the plate body 21 and a corresponding construction method are shown below.

[0103] Figure 17 It is a perspective view of the jacking tool in this embodiment.

[0104] As shown in Figure 17 , the jacking tool 500 has a handle 501, a jacking rod 502, and a jacking claw 503 mounted on the jacking rod 502. The distribution of the three jacking claws 503 corresponds to the distribution of the three jacking blocks 115 in the outer sleeve 11, and the width of each jacking claw 503 is obviously less than the distance between the adjacent two jacking blocks 115.

[0105] Therefore, when installing the vibration isolator, the construction worker can hold the handle 501, extend the jacking claws 503 into the outer sleeves 11, and pass the three jacking claws 503 through between two of the three jacking blocks 115, at this time, the three jacking claws 503 are located below the circle of jacking blocks 115, the construction worker rotates the handle 501 to make the jacking tool 500 horizontally rotate 60 degrees, at this time, the three jacking claws 503 are located directly below the three jacking blocks 115, the jacking tool 500 is pulled upward, the three jacking claws 503 are in abutment with the bottoms of the three jacking blocks 115, and the plate body 21 can be lifted up.

[0106] Figure 18 is a flowchart of installing the rubber spring vibration isolator in the embodiment.

[0107] As shown in Figure 18 , similar to CN218232978U, the rubber spring vibration isolator 10 of the embodiment can also be installed in the “one jacking per one isolation” mode, and the installation process specifically includes the following steps:

[0108] Step S1, a plurality of limiting columns 16 are punched into the designated positions on the base 30.

[0109] Step S2, the plate body 21 with the plurality of outer sleeves 11 pre-buried therein is transported to the designated position.

[0110] At this time, the plurality of limiting columns 16 are located in the lower parts of the respective outer sleeves 11.

[0111] Step S3, in the one jacking per one isolation mode, the plate body 21 is jacked up to the predetermined construction height by the jacking tool using part of the outer sleeves 11.

[0112] That is, along the length direction of the plate body 21, every interval of a group of outer sleeves 11, one group of outer sleeves 11 is selected to act as jacking, after jacking up, the installation of the vibration isolator is performed on the other outer sleeves 11 which are not used; then, the plate body 21 is lowered, the outer sleeves 11 which have been installed are used for jacking, and the installation of the vibration isolator is performed on the other outer sleeves 11 which are not used, so as to complete the installation of all the vibration isolators on one plate body 21, and form the track bed plate 20 with a plurality of rubber spring vibration isolators 10.

[0113] Step S4, for the outer sleeves 11 which are not used, the elastic element 15 and the height adjustment gasket 14 are sequentially put into the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 11, and the elastic element 15 and the height adjustment gasket 14 are rotated by a predetermined angle by the adjusting tool, so that the plurality of flanges are located directly below the plurality of supporting protrusions 114.

[0114] At this time, the one end of the limiting column 16 is embedded in the limiting through hole 1541a at the bottom of the elastic element 15.

[0115] In this embodiment, the support protrusions 114 are three, and the flanges of the elastic elements 15, the height adjustment shims 14, etc. are also three, so the elastic elements 15 and the height adjustment shims 14 are horizontally rotated by 60 degrees. The structure of the adjusting tool is similar to the jacking tool 500 described above, and the difference is that bolts are respectively installed at the ends of the three jacking claws, and the length direction of the bolts is consistent with the direction of the jacking rods. The distribution of the three bolts is consistent with the distribution of the three height adjustment piece installation grooves 143 on the height adjustment shims 14 and the distribution of the three upper cover connection holes 1523c on the elastic elements 15, so the end of the adjusting tool with the three bolts is inserted into the outer sleeve 11, and the three bolts are respectively inserted into the height adjustment piece installation grooves 143, so as to rotate the height adjustment shims 14, and the elastic elements 15 are the same.

[0116] Step S5, the plate body 21 is lowered by the jacking tool.

[0117] At this time, each elastic element 15 enters the bearing state, and the plate body 21 is floating on the base 30, and all the loads of the plate body 21 are transmitted to the elastic elements 15 through the support protrusions 114 of the outer sleeve 11.

[0118] Step S6, for each outer sleeve 11 installed in step S4, the locking shim 13 is put into the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 11, so that the locking shim 13 is embedded between the plurality of support protrusions 114, and the locking shim 13, the height adjustment shim 14 and the elastic element 15 are fixedly connected by installing the screw.

[0119] Step S7, by the jacking tool, the plate body 21 is jacked to the predetermined construction height by the plurality of outer sleeves 11 which have been installed.

[0120] Step S8, for the outer sleeve 11 which is not used, the elastic element 15 and the height adjustment shim 14 are sequentially put into the outer sleeve 11 from the upper end opening for installation, which is consistent with step S4, and will not be repeated.

[0121] Step S9, the plate body 21 is lowered by the jacking tool.

[0122] Step S10, for each outer sleeve 11 installed in step S8, the locking shim 13 is put into the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 11, so that the locking shim 13 is embedded between the plurality of support protrusions 114, and the locking shim 13, the height adjustment shim 14 and the elastic element 15 are fixedly connected by installing the screw.

[0123] Step S11, for each outer sleeve 11, the protective cover 12 is installed at the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 11, and the installation of all the rubber spring vibration isolators 10 is completed, forming the above-mentioned track bed plate 20.

[0124] In this embodiment, the parts not described in detail are known in the art.

[0125] Effects of the embodiments

[0126] The rubber spring vibration isolator 10, the track bed plate 20 and the track bed 100 provided by the embodiment can cut off the rigid connection between the track bed structure and the base structure by the plurality of rubber springs 153, absorb the impact energy during the train operation, and achieve the effect of track vibration reduction and noise reduction. The stiffness of the rubber spring 153 is easy to adjust, so the vibration isolator 10 can be applied to various road sections with different vibration reduction needs. In particular, the elastic element 15 includes the rubber spring 153, the upper cover 152, the lower cover 154, the two limiting rings 155, and the support cover 151. The two ends of the rubber spring 153 are respectively embedded in the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154 and are respectively pressed by the two limiting rings 155. The support cover 151 is wrapped outside the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154 and is fixedly connected with the upper cover 152, so that the two ends of the rubber spring 153 are embedded and pressed and are not easy to be separated from the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154. The support cover 151, the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154 also form a structure for limiting the rubber spring 153 in the transverse direction, reasonably constrain the degree of freedom of the rubber spring 153, and make the rubber spring 153 play a more stable and ideal vibration reduction effect. The rubber spring 153 is wrapped in the support cover 151, the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154, which can also protect the rubber spring 153 and prolong its service life. In addition, during construction, the elastic element 15 can be installed as a whole, so that the installation of the vibration isolator 10 and the construction of the track bed plate are more convenient and fast.

[0127] In the embodiment, the limiting ring 155 is a steel wire ring, and the wire diameter is greater than the annular groove on the inner surface of the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154. Therefore, the limiting ring 155 can be tensioned in the annular groove by the tension of the material itself, and form a limiting structure protruding from the annular groove to the inner top surface of the upper cover 152 and the inner bottom surface of the lower cover 154. The distance between the limiting structure and the inner top surface of the upper cover 152 and the inner bottom surface of the lower cover 154 corresponds to the thickness of the end of the rubber spring 153, so that the two ends of the rubber spring 153 can be pressed to prevent them from being separated, thereby improving the reliability of the elastic element 15 and facilitating the carrying of the elastic element 15.

[0128] In the embodiment, the upper surface of the upper cover 152 has an upper cover connecting portion 1523, the middle part of the support cover 151 has an upper cover embedding hole 1511a matched with the shape of the upper cover connecting portion 1523, and when the upper cover connecting portion 1523 is embedded in the upper cover embedding hole 1511a, the three fixing holes on the upper cover 152 and the three fixing holes on the support cover 151 are aligned respectively. Therefore, the assembly of the elastic element 15 is very convenient.

[0129] In the embodiment, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 11 has a plurality of supporting protrusions 114 and a plurality of jacking blocks 115, and the jacking blocks 115 are located above the supporting protrusions 114. Therefore, even if the installation of the vibration isolator in one outer sleeve 11 is completed, the jacking blocks 115 located above can still be used to jack up the plate body 21. Therefore, the vibration isolator installation mode of "one isolation and one jacking" in the embodiment can be achieved. By using such an installation mode, a large space is not required on both sides of the plate body 21 in the width direction. Therefore, the installation mode can be applied to a tunnel or other construction space-limited occasions.

[0130] In the embodiment, the outer contour shapes of the locking gasket 13, the height adjustment gasket 14, and the supporting cover 151 of the elastic element 15 are matched with the shape enclosed by the inner wall of the outer sleeve 11 and the plurality of supporting protrusions 114. Therefore, these components can be directly placed into the outer sleeve 11 from the upper end opening of the outer sleeve 11 for installation. The plate body 21 does not need to be jacked up to a high height, and the construction is more convenient.

[0131] Further, in the length direction of the outer sleeve 11, the plurality of supporting protrusions 114, the plurality of jacking blocks 115, and the plurality of protective cover fixing seats 116 are aligned. Therefore, the jacking blocks 115 and the protective cover fixing seats 116 will not hinder the placement of the locking gasket 13, the height adjustment gasket 14, and the elastic element 15.

[0132] The above embodiment is only used to illustrate the specific implementation of the present application, and the present application is not limited to the description range of the above embodiment.

[0133] In the above embodiment, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 11 has three supporting protrusions 114, which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall. In an alternative, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 11 can also have two supporting protrusions 114 or more than three supporting protrusions 114, which are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall. The outer contour shapes of the locking gasket 13, the height adjustment gasket 14, and the elastic element 15 are matched with the shape enclosed by the inner wall of the outer sleeve 11 and the plurality of supporting protrusions 114. The corresponding technical effects can also be achieved. It should be noted that in the case of having two supporting protrusions 114, although the supporting stability of a single vibration isolator decreases slightly, the overall supporting stability can still be ensured because a plurality of vibration isolators are embedded in one plate body 21.

[0134] In the above embodiment, the two ends of the rubber spring 153 are respectively embedded in the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154 and are pressed by the two limiting rings 155. The two ends of the rubber spring 153 can also be further bonded in the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154, respectively, to further prevent the rubber spring 153 from separating from the upper cover 152 and the lower cover 154 after long-term use or during transportation.

[0135] In the above embodiment, the inner wall of the outer sleeve 11 also has a plurality of jacking blocks 115. The jacking blocks 115 can be used to jacking the plate body 21 to install the isolator, so that a large lateral space is not needed, and the isolator can be applied to a very limited space such as a tunnel. In the case of a relatively spacious construction space, the plate body 21 can be jacked from both sides, and the outer sleeve 11 can not have jacking blocks 115.

[0136] In the above embodiment, the height adjustment washer 14 is one. In an alternative, the height adjustment washer 14 can also be multiple, stacked and aligned between the locking washer 13 and the elastic element 15 according to the actual floating height required, and the locking washer 13, the multiple stacked height adjustment washers 14 and the elastic element 15 are also fixedly connected by screws.

[0137] In the above embodiment, the protective cover 12 is made of an insulating material such as plastic or rubber. In an alternative, the protective cover 12 can also be made of other materials, for example, the outer layer is made of an insulating material such as plastic or rubber, and the inside contains a metal skeleton.

Claims

1. A rubber spring vibration isolator provided in a track bed slab, characterized by, Comprise: An outer sleeve, through which the length direction is fixedly embedded in the track bed plate; An elastic element, arranged below the outer sleeve; And A locking washer, embedded in the outer sleeve, and fixedly connected with the elastic element through a connecting piece, Wherein, the elastic element comprises: A rubber spring, both ends of which are circular plate-shaped; An upper cover and a lower cover, both of which are circular cover-shaped, and the inner surfaces of both of which have annular grooves; Two limiting rings, respectively embedded in the two annular grooves, both ends of the rubber spring are respectively embedded in the upper cover and the lower cover, and are respectively pressed by the two limiting rings; and A supporting cover, wrapped outside the upper cover and the lower cover, and fixedly connected with the upper cover.

2. The rubber spring vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein: wherein The distance from the annular groove in the upper cover to the top surface of the upper cover corresponds to the thickness of one end of the rubber spring, The distance from the annular groove in the lower cover to the bottom surface of the lower cover corresponds to the thickness of the other end of the rubber spring, The wire diameter of the limiting ring is greater than the groove depth of the annular groove.

3. The rubber spring isolator of claim 1, Characterized in that: Wherein, The upper cover comprises: An upper cover main body part, which is circular plate-shaped; An upper cover edge part, which is cylindrical, and one end of which is connected to the edge part of one surface of the upper cover main body part; and An upper cover connecting part, which is arranged on the other surface of the upper cover main body part, is annular and has a plurality of arc-shaped notches uniformly distributed along the circular ring thereof, The supporting cover comprises: A supporting cover main body part, which is annular plate-shaped, and has an upper cover embedding hole in the middle part which matches the shape of the upper cover connecting part; and A supporting cover edge part, which is cylindrical, and one end of which is connected to the edge part of one surface of the supporting cover main body part, and the inner diameter of the supporting cover edge part corresponds to the outer diameter of the upper cover main body part.

4. The rubber spring vibration isolator according to claim 3, wherein: wherein The annular groove in the upper cover is arranged on the inner surface of the upper cover edge part, The upper cover main body part has a plurality of upper cover fixing holes uniformly distributed along the circumference thereof, and a plurality of the upper cover fixing holes are respectively located at a plurality of the arc-shaped notches, The supporting cover main body part has a plurality of connecting protrusions extending to the middle part of the upper cover embedding hole, the positions of a plurality of the connecting protrusions correspond to a plurality of the arc-shaped notches, and a supporting cover fixing hole is arranged on the connecting protrusion, The distribution of a plurality of the supporting cover fixing holes corresponds to the distribution of a plurality of the upper cover fixing holes.

5. The rubber spring vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein: wherein The lower cover comprises: A lower cover main body part, which is circular plate-shaped, and has a limiting through hole in the middle part; and A lower cover edge part, which is cylindrical, and one end of which is connected to the edge of one surface of the lower cover main body part, The annular groove in the lower cover is arranged on the inner surface of the lower cover edge part.

6. The rubber spring isolator of claim 5, wherein, Further comprising: A limiting column, which is cylindrical, and one end of which is driven into the base for fixation, Wherein, the shape of the limiting through hole matches the other end of the limiting column, the other end of the limiting column is embedded in the limiting through hole and abuts against one end of the rubber spring.

7. The rubber spring vibration isolator according to claim 1, wherein: wherein, The inner wall of the outer sleeve has: N support protrusions evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall and equidistant from the upper end of the outer sleeve, N≥2; and N jacking blocks evenly distributed along the circumference of the inner wall and equidistant from the upper end of the outer sleeve and closer to the upper end of the outer sleeve than the support protrusions.

8. The rubber spring isolator of claim 7, wherein, Further comprising: at least one height adjustment spacer disposed between the locking spacer and the elastic element for adjusting the installation height of the elastic element in the outer sleeve, wherein the height adjustment spacer, the locking spacer, and the outer contour of the support cover all match the shape enclosed by the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the N support protrusions.

9. A track bed panel for use in forming a track bed, characterised in that, Comprising: a plate body; and a plurality of rubber spring isolators disposed in the plate body, wherein the plate body is placed on a base through the plurality of rubber spring isolators, the rubber spring isolator is any one of the rubber spring isolators of claims 1-8.

10. A track bed for carrying a rail, characterised in that, Comprising: a plurality of track bed plates sequentially and end-to-end disposed on a base, wherein the track bed plate is the track bed plate of claim 9.

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