A bridge abutment underpinning reinforced bridge structure and a construction method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of bridge pier support replacement reinforcing type bridge structure, including original main beam, first original abutment, second original abutment, newly-built main beam, newly-built abutment and additional reinforcing component;The outer end of the original main beam is supported on the top of the first original abutment;The inner end of the original main beam is aligned with the inner end of the newly-built main beam;The outer end of the newly-built main beam is supported on the newly-built abutment;Additional reinforcing component is added at the second original abutment, and the bottom of the reinforcing pile of additional reinforcing component is located in the underground bearing stratum, and additional reinforcing component and the second original abutment form a reconstructed reinforced pier, and the top of the reconstructed reinforced pier supports the inner end of the original main beam and the newly-built main beam.The beneficial effects of the present application are that the original abutment structure is not changed, and additional reinforcing component, newly-built abutment and newly-built main beam are added before and after the original foundation.This bridge structure and construction method solve the problem of insufficient bearing capacity caused by abutment body cracking and uneven settlement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention patent relates to the field of bridge engineering maintenance and reinforcement technology, specifically to a bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement bridge structure and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] In recent years, with the vigorous development of bridge construction in my country, the number of newly built bridges has been increasing, while many existing bridges have gradually entered the maintenance and repair phase. Due to the combined effects of previous design, construction, and long-term exposure to the external natural and usage environments, bridge structures have developed defects and damage, leading to a gradual weakening of their structural functions and making it difficult to meet load-bearing requirements, thus affecting the normal use of the bridges. Therefore, by appropriately repairing and reinforcing bridge structures and taking timely and effective measures, the goal is to extend the service life of the structures.

[0003] Currently, there are many techniques for reinforcing bridge abutments to address their defects, including shotcrete, prestressed reinforcement, steel bonding, and cross-section enlargement. However, when cracks appear in the abutment or uneven settlement occurs, both the bridge structure and foundation show signs of damage, and the aforementioned reinforcement methods are not very effective. Therefore, it is essential to propose a new reinforcement method that simultaneously strengthens both the bridge structure and foundation. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by providing a bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement bridge structure and its construction method, in order to solve the problem of insufficient bridge abutment bearing capacity caused by cracking of the abutment body and uneven settlement of the abutment.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: a bridge structure for abutment replacement and reinforcement, comprising an original main beam, a first original abutment, a second original abutment, a newly constructed main beam, a newly constructed abutment, and a newly added reinforcement component; the outer end of the original main beam is supported on the top of the first original abutment; the inner end of the original main beam is aligned with the inner end of the newly constructed main beam; the outer end of the newly constructed main beam is supported on the newly constructed abutment; a newly added reinforcement component is added at the second original abutment, the bottom of the reinforcement pile of the newly added reinforcement component is located in the underground bearing layer, the newly added reinforcement component and the second original abutment form a modified and reinforced pier, and the top of the modified and reinforced pier supports the inner ends of the original main beam and the newly constructed main beam.

[0006] According to the above scheme, the first original abutment and the second original abutment each include original abutment pile foundation, original abutment pier, original column-type abutment body and original abutment cap beam. The original abutment pile foundation is vertically installed on the lower part of the original abutment pier to support the original abutment pier; the original column-type abutment body is installed on the original abutment pier, and the top of the original column-type abutment body is connected to the original abutment cap beam.

[0007] According to the above scheme, the original bridge abutment cap beam of the first original bridge abutment is provided with the original bridge abutment support, and the outer end of the original main beam is installed on the original bridge abutment support; the first original bridge abutment also includes the original bridge abutment back wall, and an expansion joint is left between the outer end of the original main beam and the original bridge abutment back wall.

[0008] According to the above scheme, the newly added fixed components include several newly added fixed piles, a new pile cap, several new column piers, and a new cap beam. The newly added fixed piles are arranged around the original abutment pile foundation of the second original abutment, and the upper end of the newly added fixed piles supports the new pile cap. The new pile cap is located directly above the pile cap of the second original abutment. The top of the new pile cap is connected to the bottom of several new column piers, the top of the new column piers is connected to the new cap beam, and the new cap beam is connected to the bottom of the modified pier cap. A first new support is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the pier cap, and the newly built main beam is installed on the first new support.

[0009] According to the above plan, the pier cap is transformed from the original pier cap beam of the second original pier.

[0010] According to the above scheme, the newly added abutment is a steel abutment or a reinforced concrete abutment, which is composed of multiple horizontal beams and multiple vertical beams connected in an alternating manner, and multiple holes are formed between the intersecting horizontal and vertical beams; the original column-type abutment body of the second original abutment passes through the holes of the newly added abutment and is connected to the original abutment cap beam above it.

[0011] According to the above scheme, the newly constructed bridge abutment includes a newly constructed pile foundation, a newly constructed pile cap, a newly constructed column-type abutment body, a newly constructed abutment cap beam, and a newly constructed abutment back wall. The bottom of the newly constructed pile foundation is located in the underground bearing layer, and the upper end of the newly constructed pile foundation supports the newly constructed pile cap. The upper part of the newly constructed pile cap is connected to the lower end of the newly constructed column-type abutment body, and the upper end of the newly constructed column-type abutment body is connected to the newly constructed abutment cap beam. A second additional support is provided on the newly constructed abutment cap beam, and the outer end of the newly constructed main beam is supported on the second additional support. An expansion joint is left between the outer end of the newly constructed main beam and the newly constructed abutment back wall.

[0012] According to the above plan, the diameter of the newly added fixed piles is 1.2m to 1.5m; the newly added fixed piles can be PHC piles or cast-in-place piles.

[0013] According to the above plan, the newly added column piers are equipped with embedded parts, which are then welded and fixed to the newly added cap beams on site.

[0014] The present invention also provides a method for the construction of bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement of the bridge structure as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0015] Step 1: Without altering the original abutment structure, construct new fixed piles on both the front and rear sides of the second original abutment along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

[0016] Step 2: Install a new pile cap on the top of the newly added fixed pile, so that the new pile cap is located above the original pile cap of the second original abutment, and the two are not connected.

[0017] Step 3: Install new column piers on the newly added foundation and install new cap beams on the new column piers;

[0018] Step 4: Erect temporary supports on the newly added abutment to lift the original main beam, thereby separating the original main beam from the original abutment cap beam and the original abutment support of the second original abutment.

[0019] Step 5: Remove the original abutment back wall of the second original abutment, transform the original abutment cap beam of the second original abutment into a pier cap, and connect the newly added cap beam to the transformed pier cap; and set the first new support on the transformed pier cap.

[0020] Step 6: Remove the temporary supports, allowing the original main beam to gradually descend and bear the load on the original abutment supports of the first and second original abutments. After the renovation is completed, construct a new abutment on the side of the renovated pier closest to the roadbed.

[0021] Step 7: Install the new main beam between the newly built abutment and the modified pier, and finally complete the abutment replacement and reinforcement construction.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: Without altering the original abutment structure, this invention adds reinforcing piles before and after the original foundation, constructs a longitudinal and transverse beam system cap on top of the reinforcing piles, then adds column-type piers, and adds steel cap beams on top of the column-type piers. These steel cap beams are then connected to the modified pier caps. Finally, a new abutment is built on the side of the modified abutment closest to the roadbed, and a main beam is erected between the new span and the modified abutment. This structural form allows the newly added reinforcing components and the modified second original abutment to share the load. Simultaneously, the newly built abutment increases the span, avoiding the effects of cracking and uneven settlement of the second original abutment and the unbalanced horizontal thrust caused by the backfill soil, thus improving the bearing capacity. This invention retains the second original abutment, only modifying its back wall, avoiding secondary damage to the bridge during the demolition of the abutment structure, reducing the construction period, and optimizing the construction process. The addition of new reinforcing components to the second original abutment, with both the newly added reinforcing components and the modified second original abutment sharing the load, further improves the bridge's bearing capacity at this location. This invention adds a steel cap beam to the top of the pier, which is lighter and easier to construct compared with the existing concrete cap beam. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this invention, a brief description of the drawings required in this embodiment is given below. It should be understood that the drawings given below are only some embodiments of this invention. Other related drawings can be obtained based on the following drawings without the need for creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of an existing conventional bridge structure.

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement method of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the completed construction of the newly added fixed piles, new pile caps, new column piers, and new cap beams in this embodiment.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the lifting of the main beam after the construction of the newly added fixed piles, new pile caps, new column piers, and steel cap beams is completed in this embodiment.

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the original abutment cap beam of the second original abutment in this embodiment after it has been modified into a pier cap and a first newly added support has been installed.

[0029] Figure 6 This is a top view showing the relative positions of the original pile foundation, the original pile cap, and the newly added fixed piles and the newly added pile cap in this embodiment.

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the newly added cap beam in this embodiment.

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the grouting and sealing of the modified pier cap in this embodiment. Detailed Implementation

[0032] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described more clearly and completely below with reference to the accompanying drawings in this embodiment. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0033] Figure 1 The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Original main beam; 2. Original abutment; 21. Original abutment pile foundation; 22. Original abutment pier; 23. Original column abutment body; 24. Original abutment cap beam; 25. Original abutment back wall. Figure 1 The original bridge structure mainly includes the original main beam 1 and two original abutments 2. The two original abutments 2 are located at both ends of the original main beam 1 and are used to support the original main beam 1. The original abutment 2 includes the original abutment pile foundation 21, the original abutment bearing platform 22, the original column-type abutment body 23 and the original abutment cap beam 24. The original abutment pile foundation 21 is vertically installed on the lower part of the original abutment bearing platform 22 and supports the original abutment bearing platform 22. The original column-type abutment body 23 is installed on the original abutment bearing platform 22, and the top of the original column-type abutment body 23 is connected to the original abutment cap beam 24. The original abutment support is provided on the original abutment cap beam 24 of the original abutment 2. The outer end of the original main beam 1 is installed on the original abutment support, and an expansion joint is left between the outer end of the original main beam 1 and the original abutment back wall 25.

[0034] Figures 2-8 The attached diagram is labeled as follows: 1. Original main beam; 2. Original abutment; 21. Original abutment pile foundation; 22. Original abutment pier cap; 23. Original column abutment body; 24. Original abutment cap beam; 25. Original abutment back wall; 3. Newly added fixed pile; 4. Newly added pier cap; 5. Newly added column abutment body; 6. Newly added cap beam; 6.1. Reserved opening; 7. Temporary support pier; 8. First newly added support; 9. Newly built abutment; 91. Newly built pile foundation; 92. Newly built pier cap; 93. Newly built column abutment body; 10. Newly built main beam; 11. First original abutment; 12. Second original abutment.

[0035] A bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement bridge structure of the present invention, such as Figure 2 As shown, the structure includes the original main beam 1, the first original abutment 11, the second original abutment 12, the newly built main beam 10, the newly built abutment 9, and newly added reinforcement components. The outer end of the original main beam 1 is supported on the top of the first original abutment 11. The inner end of the original main beam 1 is aligned with the inner end of the newly built main beam 10. The outer end of the newly built main beam 10 is supported on the newly built abutment 9. A newly added reinforcement component is installed at the second original abutment 12. The bottom of the reinforcement pile of the newly added reinforcement component is located in the underground bearing layer. The newly added reinforcement component and the second original abutment 12 form a modified and reinforced pier. The top of the modified and reinforced pier supports the inner ends of the original main beam 1 and the newly built main beam 10.

[0036] In this invention, the first original abutment 11 and the second original abutment 12 are both original abutments 2 of the main body of the bridge; the newly built main beam 10 can be a hollow slab beam or a simply supported concrete beam or a small box beam; in this embodiment, the newly built main beam 10 adopts a hollow slab beam.

[0037] Preferably, the first original abutment 11 and the second original abutment 12 each include an original abutment pile foundation 21, an original abutment pier 22, an original column-type abutment body 23, and an original abutment cap beam 24. The original abutment pile foundation 21 is vertically installed on the lower part of the original abutment pier 22 to support the original abutment pier 22. The original column-type abutment body 23 is installed on the original abutment pier 22, and the top of the original column-type abutment body 23 is connected to the original abutment cap beam 24.

[0038] In this invention, the original abutment cap beam 24 of the first original abutment 11 is provided with an original abutment support, and the outer end of the original main beam 1 is installed on the original abutment support; the first original abutment 11 also includes an original abutment back wall 25, and an expansion joint is left between the outer end of the original main beam 1 and the original abutment back wall 25.

[0039] Preferably, the newly added fixed components include several newly added fixed piles 3, a new pile cap 4, several new column-type piers 5, and a new cap beam 6. The newly added fixed piles 3 are arranged around the original abutment pile foundation 21 of the second original abutment 12, and the upper end of the newly added fixed piles 3 supports the new pile cap 4. The new pile cap 4 is located directly above the second original abutment pile cap 22. The top of the new pile cap 4 is connected to the bottom of several new column-type piers 5, the top of the new column-type piers 5 is connected to the new cap beam 6, and the new cap beam 6 is connected to the bottom of the modified pier cap. The modified pier cap is modified from the original abutment cap beam 24 of the second original abutment 12. A first newly added support 8 is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the pier cap, and the inner end of the newly built main beam 10 is installed on the first newly added support 8.

[0040] In this invention, the diameter of the newly added fixed pile 3 is 1.2m to 1.5m; the newly added fixed pile 3 can be a PHC pile or a cast-in-place pile, and in this embodiment, the newly added fixed pile 3 is a PHC pile. The newly added cap beam 6 is an integral box-shaped steel structure, which is lightweight and convenient for construction and installation; the newly added cap beam 6 is welded together from steel plates and has internal transverse diaphragms; holes 6.1 are pre-reserved on the newly added cap beam at the location of the existing column-type abutment (e.g., ...). Figure 7 As shown, to facilitate the addition of new piers without dismantling the original abutment, transverse diaphragms are installed at the corresponding positions of the newly added column-type piers for thickening; to meet the pressure requirements, a certain number of pressure-bearing plate ribs are added inside the newly added cap beam 6. In this embodiment, the transverse diaphragms and pressure-bearing plate ribs of the newly added cap beam 6 are not shown.

[0041] In this invention, the newly added column pier 5 is equipped with embedded parts (preferably steel embedded parts), which are welded and fixed to the newly added cap beam 6 on site.

[0042] Preferably, the newly added abutment 4 is a steel abutment or a reinforced concrete abutment, composed of multiple horizontal beams and multiple vertical beams connected at intervals, with multiple holes formed between the intersecting horizontal and vertical beams; the original column-type abutment body 23 of the second original abutment 12 can pass through the holes of the newly added abutment 4 and connect to the original abutment cap beam 24 above it. In this embodiment, there is no connection between the newly added abutment 4 and the original abutment abutment 22 of the second original abutment 12.

[0043] Preferably, the newly constructed abutment 9 includes a newly constructed pile foundation 91, a newly constructed pile cap 92, a newly constructed column-type abutment body 93, a newly constructed abutment cap beam, and a newly constructed abutment back wall. The pile bottom of the newly constructed pile foundation 91 is located in the underground bearing layer, and the upper end of the newly constructed pile foundation 91 supports the newly constructed pile cap 92. The upper part of the newly constructed pile cap 92 is connected to the lower end of the newly constructed column-type abutment body 93, and the upper end of the newly constructed column-type abutment body 93 is connected to the newly constructed abutment cap beam. A second additional support is provided on the newly constructed abutment cap beam, and the outer end of the newly constructed main beam 10 is supported on the second additional support. An expansion joint is left between the outer end of the newly constructed main beam 10 and the newly constructed abutment back wall.

[0044] A method for bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement construction of the bridge structure as described above, the method comprising the following steps:

[0045] Step 1, Comparison Figure 1 and Figure 3 As shown, without altering the original abutment structure, new fixed piles 3 are constructed on both the front and rear sides of the second original abutment 12 along the longitudinal direction of the bridge.

[0046] Step 2, Comparison Figure 1 and Figure 3 and combined Figure 6 As shown, a new pile cap 4 is set on the top of the newly added fixed pile 3, so that the new pile cap 4 is located above the original abutment pile cap 22 of the second original abutment 12, and the two are not connected.

[0047] Step 3, Comparison Figure 1 and Figure 3 and combined Figure 7 As shown, a new column-type pier 5 is installed on the newly added pier cap 4, and a new steel cap beam 6 is installed on the newly added column-type pier 5; specifically, the newly added column-type pier 5 is provided with steel embedded parts, and the steel embedded parts are welded and fixed to the newly added steel cap beam 6 on site.

[0048] Step 4, refer to Figure 4 As shown, temporary supports 7 are erected on the newly added pier 4, and the original main beam 1 is lifted by the temporary supports 7, so that the original main beam 1 is separated from the original abutment cap beam 24 and the original abutment support of the second original abutment 12; the temporary supports 7 are steel structure supports.

[0049] Step 5: Comparison Figure 4 and Figure 5 and combined Figure 8 As shown, the original abutment back wall 25 of the second original abutment 12 is removed, the original abutment cap beam 24 of the second original abutment 12 is transformed into a pier cap, and connection measures are taken between the newly added steel cap beam 6 and the transformed pier cap so that the steel cap beam 6 supports the transformed pier cap and the force transmission between the two is reliable; and a first newly added support 8 is set on the transformed pier cap.

[0050] Step 6: Comparison Figure 5 and Figure 2 As shown, the temporary support 7 is removed, so that the original main beam 1 gradually descends and is supported on the original abutment supports of the first original abutment 11 and the second original abutment 12. After the renovation is completed, the new abutment 9 is constructed on the side of the roadbed of the renovated pier (which is transformed from the second original abutment).

[0051] Step 7, refer to Figure 2 A new main beam 10 was installed between the newly built abutment 9 and the modified pier, thus completing the abutment replacement and reinforcement construction.

[0052] In step 5, the structure of the newly added steel cap beam 6 is as follows: Figure 7As shown, the newly added steel cap beam 6 and the modified pier cap are tightly bonded by high-strength non-shrink grouting material (specifically, as shown in the figure). Figure 8 As shown, a gap is left between the newly added cap beam 6 and the modified pier cap. Templates are set on both sides, and grouting holes and venting holes are opened respectively. After grouting, they are connected as one piece, or directly welded on site. In this embodiment of the invention, high-strength non-shrink grouting material is used for grouting and close application.

[0053] In step 6, before the temporary support 7 is removed and the original main beam 1 is gradually lowered, the original abutment support needs to be replaced, and a first new support 8 is set on one side of the newly built main beam 10 of the modified pier cap. Before the first new support 8 is set, part of the original abutment back wall 25 of the second original abutment 12 needs to be chiseled away. Then, a layer of structural steel mesh is added to the upper end of the original abutment back wall 25 and welded to the steel bars of the original abutment back wall 25. After pouring, the first new support 8 is formed.

[0054] In this embodiment, only the new bridge abutment 9 is constructed, and the bridge structure is increased by only one span. The number of new spans can be determined as needed, so that the new bridge abutment 9 is located in a rock stratum with a stable bearing layer. When only one span is added, the new bridge abutment 9 is constructed on the side closer to the roadbed; when the number of new spans is greater than one span, each new bridge abutment 9 is constructed simultaneously in sequence.

[0055] In this invention, abutment reinforcement is not limited to simultaneous reinforcement of both abutments. When only one abutment is damaged, only one abutment can be reinforced, and only one bridge span can be added; as shown in the attached figure. Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment of the invention, only the left abutment is reinforced.

[0056] This invention does not alter the original abutment structure. Instead, it adds new fixed piles 3 before and after the original foundation, sets up a new pile cap 4 on top of the new fixed piles 3, then sets up a new column-type pier 5, and sets up a new steel cap beam 6 on top of the new column-type pier 5 (the steel cap beam has the advantages of being lightweight and easy to construct and install). The new steel cap beam 6 is then connected to the modified pier cap. Finally, a new abutment 9 is set up on the side of the modified pier near the roadbed, and a new main beam 10 is erected between the new bridge span and the modified pier. This construction method effectively solves the problem of insufficient abutment bearing capacity caused by cracking and uneven settlement of the abutment body.

[0057] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the implementation of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make other variations or modifications based on the above description and without requiring creative effort. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively describe all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A bridge structure for abutment replacement and reinforcement, characterized in that, The bridge includes the original main beam, the first original abutment, the second original abutment, the newly built main beam, the newly built abutment, and newly added reinforcement components. The outer end of the original main beam is supported on the top of the first original abutment. The inner end of the original main beam is aligned with the inner end of the newly built main beam. The outer end of the newly built main beam is supported on the newly built abutment. A new reinforcement component is added at the second original abutment. The bottom of the reinforcement pile of the newly added reinforcement component is located in the underground bearing layer. The newly added reinforcement component and the second original abutment form a modified and reinforced pier. The top of the modified and reinforced pier supports the inner ends of the original main beam and the newly built main beam. The first and second original bridge abutments each include original bridge abutment pile foundations, original bridge abutment foundations, original column-type abutment bodies, and original bridge abutment cap beams. The original bridge abutment pile foundations are vertically installed at the lower part of the original bridge abutment foundations to support the original bridge abutment foundations. The original column-type abutment is installed on the original bridge abutment bearing platform, and the top of the original column-type abutment is connected to the original bridge abutment cap beam. The newly added fixed components include several newly added fixed piles, a new pile cap, several new column-type piers, and a new cap beam. The newly added fixed piles are arranged around the original abutment pile foundation of the second original abutment, and the upper end of the newly added fixed piles supports the new pile cap. The new pile cap is located directly above the pile cap of the second original abutment. The top of the new pile cap is connected to the bottom of several new column-type piers, the top of the new column-type piers is connected to the new cap beam, and the new cap beam is connected to the bottom of the modified pier cap. A first new support is provided on the outer side of the upper end of the pier cap, and the newly built main beam is installed on the first new support. The pier cap was modified from the original pier cap beam of the second original pier.

2. The bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement bridge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The original abutment cap beam of the first original abutment is provided with the original abutment support, and the outer end of the original main beam is installed on the original abutment support; the first original abutment also includes the original abutment back wall, and an expansion joint is left between the outer end of the original main beam and the original abutment back wall.

3. The bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement bridge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The newly added abutment is a steel abutment or a reinforced concrete abutment, which is composed of multiple horizontal beams and multiple vertical beams connected in an alternating pattern, and multiple holes are formed between the intersecting horizontal and vertical beams; the original column-type abutment body of the second original abutment passes through the holes of the newly added abutment and is connected to the original abutment cap beam above it.

4. The bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement bridge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The newly constructed bridge abutment includes a new pile foundation, a new pile cap, a new column-type abutment body, a new abutment cap beam, and a new abutment back wall. The bottom of the new pile foundation is located in the underground bearing layer, and the upper end of the new pile foundation supports the new pile cap. The upper part of the new pile cap is connected to the lower end of the new column-type abutment body, and the upper end of the new column-type abutment body is connected to the new abutment cap beam. A second additional support is provided on the new abutment cap beam, and the outer end of the new main beam is supported on the second additional support. An expansion joint is left between the outer end of the new main beam and the new abutment back wall.

5. The bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement bridge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the newly added fixed piles is 1.2m to 1.5m; the newly added fixed piles are PHC piles or cast-in-place piles.

6. The bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement bridge structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The newly added column piers are equipped with embedded parts, which are welded and fixed to the newly added cap beams on site.

7. A method for constructing bridge abutment replacement and reinforcement of a bridge structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Step 1: Without altering the original abutment structure, construct new fixed piles on both the front and rear sides of the second original abutment along the longitudinal direction of the bridge. Step 2: Install a new pile cap on the top of the newly added fixed pile, so that the new pile cap is located above the original pile cap of the second original abutment, and the two are not connected. Step 3: Install new column piers on the newly added foundation and install new cap beams on the new column piers; Step 4: Erect temporary supports on the newly added abutment to lift the original main beam, thereby separating the original main beam from the original abutment cap beam and the original abutment support of the second original abutment. Step 5: Remove the original abutment back wall of the second original abutment, transform the original abutment cap beam of the second original abutment into a pier cap, and connect the newly added cap beam to the transformed pier cap; and set the first new support on the transformed pier cap. Step 6: Remove the temporary supports, allowing the original main beam to gradually descend and bear the load on the original abutment supports of the first and second original abutments. After the renovation is completed, construct a new abutment on the side of the renovated pier closest to the roadbed. Step 7: Install the new main beam between the newly built abutment and the modified pier, and finally complete the abutment replacement and reinforcement construction.

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