Low stress alloy hydrogen storage device

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of hydrogen storage equipment, in particular to low-stress alloy hydrogen storage equipment; the equipment comprises a tank body, a fixing unit, a buffer cylinder, a hydrogen storage alloy layer and a hydrogen charging unit, the fixing unit is fixed in the inside of the tank body, the buffer cylinder is fixedly connected with the fixing unit in the inside of the tank body, the inside of the buffer cylinder is provided with a hydrogen storage cavity, the hydrogen storage alloy layer is filled in the hydrogen storage cavity, when hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage device is carried out, the hydrogen charging equipment can be connected with the hydrogen charging unit, the hydrogen charging equipment charges hydrogen to the hydrogen storage alloy layer, hydrogen storage is realized, a buffer cavity is formed between the buffer cylinder and the tank body, buffer gas can be filled in the buffer cavity during hydrogen storage of the hydrogen storage device, the buffer gas generates certain pressure on the outside wall of the buffer cylinder, the pressure on the inside wall of the buffer cylinder generated when the hydrogen storage alloy layer absorbs hydrogen is reduced, the pressure of the buffer hydrogen storage alloy layer on the buffer cylinder is effectively reduced, and the structure of the buffer cylinder is prevented from being damaged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen storage equipment technology, and in particular to a low-stress alloy hydrogen storage equipment. Background Technology

[0002] In the hydrogen energy industry, high-density hydrogen storage and transportation is a crucial breakthrough for hydrogen energy development. The requirements for hydrogen storage technology are safety, large capacity, low cost, and convenient access. Currently, hydrogen storage methods are mainly divided into four types: cryogenic liquid hydrogen storage, high-pressure gaseous hydrogen storage, solid-material hydrogen storage, and organic liquid hydrogen storage. Based on the differences in the hydrogen storage mechanisms of solid materials, hydrogen storage materials can be mainly divided into two categories: physical adsorption hydrogen storage materials and metal hydride alloy hydrogen storage materials. Among them, alloy hydrogen storage technology has high development and application prospects due to its advantages of high hydrogen storage density, good safety, and high hydrogen purity.

[0003] However, during the hydrogen absorption process, the alloy hydrogen storage device will experience significant volume expansion (15~25%). Within the limited space of the device, the restricted expansion rate will be converted into stress on the inner wall of the container. When the stress exceeds the maximum value that the device can withstand, the device will experience failure phenomena such as deformation or even cracking, posing a safety threat to the operators.

[0004] Existing solutions often address strength issues by increasing tank wall thickness or using materials with higher yield strength, leading to increased welding difficulty and costs. Furthermore, these solutions fail to fundamentally resolve the problem of excessive localized stress in the material, posing a risk of tank failure. Patent document CN105371105A proposes a low-strain metal hydride hydrogen storage tank that incorporates a foamed metal elastic buffer layer between the tank body and the hydrogen storage alloy layer. While this method can mitigate the effects of powder expansion to some extent, the pulverized hydrogen storage alloy gradually enters the gaps in the foamed metal, reducing the buffering effect. Moreover, with the deformation of the buffer layer, the hydrogen storage alloy layer still exerts pressure on the tank body. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the above-mentioned technical deficiencies and propose a low-stress alloy hydrogen storage device to solve the technical problem that in the prior art, alloy hydrogen storage devices are prone to failure due to the expansion of the internal hydrogen storage alloy layer during the hydrogen storage and charging process.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives, the present invention provides a low-stress alloy hydrogen storage device, comprising:

[0007] Tank body;

[0008] A fixing unit, wherein the fixing unit is fixed inside the tank body;

[0009] A buffer cylinder is located inside the tank body and fixedly connected with the fixed unit, an inside of the buffer cylinder is provided with a hydrogen storage cavity, a buffer cavity is formed between the buffer cylinder and the tank body, and the buffer cavity is provided with a buffer gas layer;

[0010] A hydrogen storage alloy layer is arranged in the hydrogen storage cavity.

[0011] A hydrogen charging unit is arranged for connecting a hydrogen charging device, so that the hydrogen storage alloy layer is charged with hydrogen by the hydrogen charging device.

[0012] Optionally, the buffer cylinder is provided with a first connecting hole, the first connecting hole is in communication with the hydrogen storage cavity and the buffer cavity, and a hole diameter of the first connecting hole is smaller than a particle diameter of hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage alloy layer.

[0013] Optionally, the buffer cylinder comprises a fixed part, an elastic expansion part and an enclosing part, the fixed part is fixed to the fixed unit, the elastic expansion part is fixed to the fixed part, the enclosing part is fixed to the elastic expansion part, and the elastic expansion part can be stretched under the expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy.

[0014] Optionally, the low-stress hydrogen storage alloy device further comprises a first supporting ring and a second supporting ring, the first supporting ring is slidingly connected to the buffer cavity and sealingly fitted with the inner wall of the fixed part and the tank body, the second supporting ring is slidingly connected between the enclosing part and the inner wall of the tank body and sealingly fitted with the enclosing part and the inner wall of the tank body, and the first connecting hole is arranged between the fixed part and the enclosing part and located on a side opposite to the first supporting ring and the second supporting ring.

[0015] Optionally, a nitrogen cavity is formed between the first supporting ring and the second supporting ring, the tank body is provided with a nitrogen port, and the nitrogen port is connected with a nitrogen charging device, so that the nitrogen cavity is filled with nitrogen by the nitrogen charging device when hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage alloy layer.

[0016] Optionally, the fixed unit comprises a fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixed to the inner wall of the tank body and sealingly fitted with the inner wall of the tank body, the fixed plate and the inner wall of the tank body form a balance cavity, the balance cavity is filled with a balance gas, the buffer cylinder is fixed to the fixed plate, and the balance cavity and the buffer cavity are respectively located on two sides of the fixed plate.

[0017] Optionally, the buffer cylinder is provided with an open end, the buffer cylinder is fixed to the fixed plate through the open end, the inner wall of the fixed plate and the buffer cylinder enclose to form the hydrogen storage cavity, the fixed plate is provided with a second connecting hole, the second connecting hole is in communication with the hydrogen storage cavity and the balance cavity, and a hole diameter of the second connecting hole is smaller than a particle diameter of hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage alloy layer.

[0018] Optionally, the fixing plate is further provided with a communication port, which communicates with the balance cavity and the buffer cavity.

[0019] Optionally, the hydrogen filling unit comprises a gas guide pipe, one end of which is located outside the tank body, the other end of which passes through the tank body and extends to the hydrogen storage cavity, and the end of the gas guide pipe extending to the hydrogen storage cavity is provided with a gas guide micropore, and the gas guide pipe is used to connect a hydrogen filling device so as to fill hydrogen into the hydrogen storage cavity by the hydrogen filling device.

[0020] Optionally, the low-stress alloy hydrogen storage device further comprises a plurality of baffle cylinders, each of which is arranged in the hydrogen storage cavity from inside to outside in a staggered manner, and a continuous curved baffle passage is formed between the baffle cylinders.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the low-stress alloy hydrogen storage device has the following beneficial effects: by arranging the tank body, the fixing unit, the buffer cylinder, the hydrogen storage alloy layer and the hydrogen filling unit, the fixing unit is fixed in the interior of the tank body, the buffer cylinder is fixedly connected to the fixing unit in the interior of the tank body, the fixing in the interior of the tank body is realized by the fixing unit, the hydrogen storage cavity is arranged in the interior of the buffer cylinder, the hydrogen storage alloy layer is filled in the hydrogen storage cavity, when the hydrogen storage device stores hydrogen, the hydrogen filling device can be connected to the hydrogen filling unit, so that the hydrogen filling device fills hydrogen into the hydrogen storage alloy layer, the filled hydrogen reacts with the hydrogen storage alloy layer to realize the storage of hydrogen, the buffer cavity is formed between the buffer cylinder and the tank body, and the buffer gas is filled in the buffer cavity during the storage of hydrogen by the hydrogen storage device, the buffer gas generates a certain pressure acting on the outer sidewall of the buffer cylinder, so as to reduce the pressure acting on the inner wall of the buffer cylinder when the hydrogen storage alloy layer absorbs hydrogen, thereby effectively reducing the pressure of the buffer hydrogen storage alloy layer acting on the buffer cylinder, and the structure of the buffer cylinder is prevented from being damaged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0022] Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the low-stress alloy hydrogen storage device provided by the embodiment of the present application.

[0023] In the drawings, various reference signs represent:

[0024] 10 - tank body 11 - limiting ring 12 - nitrogen port

[0025] 20 - fixing unit fixing plate 21 - fixing plate 22 - balance cavity

[0026] 30 - buffer cylinder 31 - hydrogen storage cavity 32 - buffer cavity

[0027] 33 - first connecting hole 34 - fixing part 35 - elastic expansion part

[0028] 36 - enclosing part 40 - hydrogen storage alloy layer 50 - hydrogen filling unit

[0029] 51—Gas delivery pipe; 52—Filter; 60—Heat exchange pipe

[0030] 70—Baffle tube; 80—First support ring; 81—Nitrogen chamber

[0031] 90—Second support ring fixing plate; 211—Second connecting hole fixing plate; 212—Communication port

[0032] 351—Corrugated compensator. Detailed Implementation

[0033] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0034] This invention provides a low-stress alloy hydrogen storage device, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the system includes a tank 10, a fixing unit 20, a buffer cylinder 30, a hydrogen storage alloy layer 40, and a hydrogen filling unit 50. The fixing unit 20 is fixed inside the tank 10. The buffer cylinder 30 is located inside the tank 10 and is fixedly connected to the fixing unit 20. A hydrogen storage chamber 31 is provided inside the buffer cylinder 30. A buffer chamber 32 is formed between the buffer cylinder 30 and the tank 10. The buffer chamber 32 is used to set a buffer gas layer. The hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 is disposed in the hydrogen storage chamber 31. The hydrogen filling unit 50 is used to connect to a hydrogen filling device to fill the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 with hydrogen.

[0035] Specifically, the alloy hydrogen storage device comprises a tank 10, a fixing unit 20, a buffer cylinder 30, a hydrogen storage alloy layer 40, and a hydrogen charging unit 50. The fixing unit 20 is fixed inside the tank 10, and the buffer cylinder 30 is located inside the tank 10 and fixedly connected to the fixing unit 20, thus achieving fixation inside the tank 10. The buffer cylinder 30 has a hydrogen storage chamber 31 inside, which is filled with the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40. During hydrogen storage, a hydrogen charging device can be connected to the hydrogen charging unit 50 to allow the hydrogen charging device to charge the hydrogen. The hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 is filled with hydrogen. The filled hydrogen reacts with the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 to achieve hydrogen storage. Since a buffer cavity 32 is formed between the buffer cylinder 30 and the tank 10, buffer gas can be filled into the buffer cavity 32 during the hydrogen storage process. The buffer gas generates a certain pressure on the outer wall of the buffer cylinder 30 to reduce the pressure on the inner wall of the buffer cylinder 30 when the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 absorbs hydrogen. This effectively reduces the pressure exerted by the buffer hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 on the buffer cylinder 30 and prevents the structure of the buffer cylinder 30 from being damaged.

[0036] Understandably, the fixing unit 20 can be any structure, such as a frame or plate, that can fix the buffer cylinder 30 inside the tank 10.

[0037] It can be understood that the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 includes rare earth AB5 type alloy, titanium (Ti-) and zirconium (Zr-) AB2 type alloy, magnesium (Mg-) alloy, vanadium solid solution alloy and rare earth-magnesium-nickel (RE-Mg-Ni) alloy, which can form reversible hydride material with hydrogen.

[0038] In this embodiment, the pressure of the buffer gas in the buffer cavity 32 should be less than the pressure acting on the inner wall of the buffer cylinder 30 when the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 expands, the stress on the buffer cylinder 30 should be the difference between the pressure of the buffer gas in the buffer cavity 32 and the pressure acting on the inner wall of the buffer cylinder 30 when the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 expands, and the pressure on the tank body 10 should be the pressure of the buffer gas in the buffer cavity 32. In this way, the stress generated when the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 expands will be shared by the tank body 10 and the buffer cylinder 30, thereby reducing the stress on the tank body 10 and the buffer cylinder 30, and avoiding failure of the tank body 10 and the buffer cylinder 30.

[0039] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 The hydrogen charging unit 50 includes a gas guide pipe 51 and a filter 52. One end of the gas guide pipe 51 is located outside the tank body 10, and the other end of the gas guide pipe 51 extends through the tank body 10 and extends to the hydrogen storage cavity 31. The end of the gas guide pipe 51 extending to the hydrogen storage cavity 31 is provided with a gas guide micro-pore (not labeled in the figure). The gas guide pipe 51 is used to connect the hydrogen charging equipment, so that the hydrogen storage cavity 31 is charged with hydrogen by the hydrogen charging equipment. Specifically, when the hydrogen charging work is performed, the hydrogen charging equipment is connected to the gas guide pipe 51, and hydrogen is charged into the gas guide pipe 51. The hydrogen is distributed to all parts of the hydrogen storage cavity 31 from the gas guide micro-pore, absorbed and stored by the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40. When hydrogen is released, the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 releases hydrogen by absorbing heat, and the hydrogen enters the gas guide pipe 51 through the gas guide micro-pore and is discharged after being filtered by the filter 52.

[0040] It can be understood that the buffer cavity 32 can be filled with gas by connecting any external equipment.

[0041] In this embodiment, in order to simplify the structure of the hydrogen storage device and facilitate the filling of the buffer gas in the buffer cavity 32, as shown in Figure 1 The buffer cylinder 30 is provided with a first connecting hole 33. The first connecting hole 33 communicates with the hydrogen storage cavity 31 and the buffer cavity 32, and the aperture of the first connecting hole 33 is smaller than the particle diameter of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40. Specifically, when the hydrogen charging work is performed, hydrogen enters the hydrogen storage cavity 31 through the hydrogen charging unit 50. Part of the hydrogen is absorbed by the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40, and the other part of the gas can enter the buffer cavity 32 through the first connecting hole 33, thereby achieving the filling of the gas in the buffer cavity 32. In this way, the structure of the hydrogen storage device can be effectively simplified, and the difficulty of filling the buffer gas can be reduced. During the hydrogen release process, the hydrogen in the buffer cavity 32 can also flow back to the alloy hydrogen storage through the first connecting hole 33.

[0042] In this embodiment, in order to adapt to the expansion of the alloy hydrogen storage, as shown in Figure 1 The buffer cylinder 30 includes a fixed part 34, an elastic expansion part 35 and an enclosing part 36, the fixed part 34 is fixed to the fixed unit 20, the elastic expansion part 35 is fixed to the fixed part 34, the enclosing part 36 is fixed to the elastic expansion part 35, and the elastic expansion part 35 can be stretched under the expansion of the alloy hydrogen storage.

[0043] Specifically, the fixed part 34 realizes the fixation of the buffer cylinder 30 to the fixed unit 20, the elastic expansion part 35 provides expansion for the buffer cylinder 30, and the enclosing part 36 is connected to the end of the elastic expansion part 35 to provide sealing for the end of the elastic expansion part 35. When the hydrogen charging work is performed, the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 absorbs hydrogen and expands, and the expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 is converted into axial stress acting on the buffer cylinder 30 under the action of the buffer gas pressure and the radial stress of the buffer cylinder 30. The elastic expansion part 35 is stretched under the axial stress, thereby adapting the buffer cylinder 30 to the expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 and avoiding damage to the buffer cylinder 30.

[0044] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 The elastic expansion part 35 includes at least one corrugated compensator 351.

[0045] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 The alloy hydrogen storage device further includes a heat exchange pipe 60, the heat exchange pipe 60 penetrates the tank body 10 and at least a part of the heat exchange pipe 60 is located in the hydrogen storage cavity 31. In the hydrogen release process, a heat exchange medium can be introduced through the heat exchange pipe 60 to supply heat to the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40. The hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 releases hydrogen by absorbing heat, and the volume of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 decreases due to the departure of hydrogen from the crystal lattice, and the expansion part is axially compressed to compensate for the decrease of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40.

[0046] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1 The alloy hydrogen storage device further includes a plurality of baffle cylinders 70, each baffle cylinder 70 is arranged in the hydrogen storage cavity 31 from inside to outside in a staggered manner, and a continuous curved baffle passage is formed between the baffle cylinders 70. Specifically, through the arrangement of the baffle passage formed by the baffle cylinder 70, in the hydrogen release process, the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 will carry the heat released by the heat exchange pipe 60 and spread to all parts of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 along the baffle passage, thereby effectively improving the heat exchange efficiency of the alloy hydrogen storage and accelerating the release of hydrogen.

[0047] In this embodiment, as shown in Figure 1As shown, the alloy hydrogen storage device further comprises a first support ring 80 and a second support ring 90, the first support ring 80 is slidingly connected to the buffer cavity 32 and sealingly fitted with the inner wall of the fixed portion 34 and the tank body 10, the second support ring 90 is slidingly connected between the enclosing portion 36 and the inner wall of the tank body 10 and sealingly fitted with the enclosing portion 36 and the inner wall of the tank body 10, and the first connecting hole 33 is arranged on the fixed portion 34 and the enclosing portion 36 and located on the side opposite to the first support ring 80 and the second support ring 90.

[0048] Specifically, the first support ring 80 and the second support ring 90 can provide radial support for the buffer cylinder 30, and can facilitate the axial deformation of the buffer cylinder 30, and at the same time, since the first connecting hole 33 is arranged on the fixed portion 34 and the enclosing portion 36 and located on the side opposite to the first support ring 80 and the second support ring 90, during the hydrogen charging process, part of the hydrogen will enter the two ends of the buffer cavity 32 from the first connecting hole 33, and as the hydrogen in the buffer cavity 32 increases, the first support ring 80 and the second support ring 90 will be driven to slide towards each other, thereby avoiding excessive pressure in the buffer cavity 32, and at the same time, the acting surface of the hydrogen in the buffer cavity 32 on the buffer cylinder 30 is as close to the elastic expansion module as possible, thereby improving the acting effect of the hydrogen in the buffer cavity 32.

[0049] In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 The inner wall of the tank body 10 is fixed with four limiting rings 11, two of which are located on both sides of the first support ring 80 for limiting the sliding distance of the first support ring 80, and the other two are located on both sides of the second support ring 90 for limiting the sliding distance of the second support ring 90.

[0050] In this embodiment, as shown in the figure, Figure 1 The first support ring 80 and the second support ring 90 form a nitrogen cavity 81 therebetween, and the tank body 10 is provided with a nitrogen port 12 connected to a nitrogen charging device to charge nitrogen into the nitrogen cavity 81 when the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 releases hydrogen. Specifically, when the hydrogen storage device is dehydrogenated, the nitrogen charging device is connected to the nitrogen port 12 to charge nitrogen into the nitrogen cavity 81, so that the first support ring 80 and the second support ring 90 slide away from each other, thereby extruding the hydrogen in the buffer cavity 32 from the first connecting hole 33 into the hydrogen storage cavity 31, facilitating the discharge of hydrogen in the buffer cavity 32, and at the same time, preventing the hydrogen released by the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 from flowing back to the buffer cavity 32 through the first connecting hole 33.

[0051] In this embodiment, since the nitrogen cavity 81 is located between the first support ring 80 and the second support ring 90, the nitrogen cavity 81 is located on one side of the elastic expansion portion 35. Since the elastic expansion portion 35 can adapt to the radial expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40, it is not necessary to charge buffer gas into the nitrogen cavity 81 during the hydrogen charging process, and the buffer cylinder 30 can also adapt to the expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the fixing unit 20 includes a fixing plate 21, which is fixed to the inner wall of the tank 10 and sealed to the inner wall of the tank 10. The fixing plate 21 and the inner wall of the tank 10 form a balance cavity 22, which is used to fill the balance gas. The buffer cylinder 30 is fixed to the fixing plate 21, and the balance cavity 22 and the buffer cavity 32 are located on both sides of the fixing plate 21, respectively. Specifically, by setting the fixing plate 21, the fixing unit 20 can stabilize the buffer cylinder 30. During the hydrogen filling process, the balance gas can be simultaneously filled into the balance cavity 22 to balance the gas pressure in the buffer cavity 32, thus preventing the fixing plate 21 from deforming and being damaged under the gas pressure in the buffer cavity 32.

[0053] Understandably, the fixing plate 21 can be used to fix the buffer cylinder 30 by sleeve on the outer wall of the buffer cylinder 30 or fixed to the end of the buffer cylinder 30.

[0054] In this embodiment, as Figure 1 As shown, the buffer cylinder 30 has an open end and is fixed to the fixing plate 21 through the open end. The fixing plate 21 and the inner wall of the buffer cylinder 30 together form a hydrogen storage cavity 31. The fixing plate 21 has a second connecting hole 211, which communicates with the hydrogen storage cavity 31 and the balance cavity 22. The diameter of the second connecting hole 211 is smaller than the particle diameter of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40. Specifically, by providing an open end, the buffer cylinder 30 can be stabilized on the fixing plate 21. At the same time, during the hydrogen filling process, some of the hydrogen gas in the hydrogen storage cavity 31 can also enter the balance cavity 22 through the second connecting hole 211, filling the balance cavity 22 with balance gas, thus facilitating the filling of the balance cavity 22 with balance gas.

[0055] In this embodiment, during the hydrogen release process, the hydrogen in the balance chamber 22 flows back to the alloy hydrogen storage through the second connection hole 211.

[0056] In this embodiment, the fixing plate 21 is also provided with a communication port 212, which communicates with the balance chamber 22 and the buffer chamber 32. Specifically, the communication port 212 can keep the air pressure in the buffer chamber 32 consistent with the air pressure in the balance chamber 22, thereby preventing the fixing plate 21 from deforming and being damaged.

[0057] In one of the embodiments, the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 is a titanium alloy, the hydrogen absorption volume expansion rate is 15%, the average particle size diameter is 200 μm, the first connecting hole 33 has a hole diameter of 30 μm, the number of the corrugated compensators 351 is 1, the maximum allowable axial deformation is 200 mm, and the alloy hydrogen storage device is subjected to 100 hydrogen charging and discharging cycle tests, and no deformation or crack is observed on the surface of the device. The dynamic resistance strain gauge is used to measure the stress at different positions on the surface of the device, and the primary stress and the secondary stress calculated from the measured data meet the design requirements specified in JB4732, and the expected design target is achieved.

[0058] In one of the embodiments, the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 is a titanium alloy, the hydrogen absorption volume expansion rate is 15%, the average particle size diameter is 200 μm, the first connecting hole 33 has a hole diameter of 30 μm, the number of the corrugated compensators 351 is 1, the maximum allowable axial deformation is 200 mm, and the alloy hydrogen storage device is subjected to 100 hydrogen charging and discharging cycle tests, and no deformation or crack is observed on the surface of the device. The dynamic resistance strain gauge is used to measure the stress at different positions on the surface of the device, and the primary stress and the secondary stress calculated from the measured data meet the design requirements specified in JB4732, and the expected design target is achieved.

[0059] The specific working principle of the present application is as follows: when hydrogen charging is performed, the hydrogen charging equipment is connected to the gas guide pipe 51, and hydrogen is charged into the gas guide pipe 51, and the hydrogen is dispersed from the gas guide micro-holes to all parts of the hydrogen storage cavity 31. Part of the hydrogen is absorbed and stored by the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40, and the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 expands during the hydrogen absorption process. Another part of the gas enters the buffer cavity 32 and the balance cavity 22 through the first connecting hole 33 and the second connecting hole 211, respectively, so as to distribute the expansion force of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 to the buffer cylinder 30 and the tank body 10. The expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 is converted into an axial stress acting on the buffer cylinder 30 under the action of the buffer gas pressure and the radial stress of the buffer cylinder 30. The corrugated compensator 351 is stretched under the axial stress, so that the buffer cylinder 30 can adapt to the expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40, thereby effectively avoiding the deformation and failure of the buffer cylinder 30 and the tank body 10 during the hydrogen charging process.

[0060] During the hydrogen discharging process, the heat exchange medium is introduced through the heat exchange pipe 60 to heat the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40, and the hydrogen storage alloy layer 40 releases hydrogen by absorbing heat. At the same time, the nitrogen charging equipment is connected to the nitrogen inlet 12 to charge nitrogen into the nitrogen cavity 81, so as to push the hydrogen in the buffer cavity 32 into the hydrogen storage cavity 31 through the first connecting hole 33. The gas in the hydrogen storage cavity 31 disperses heat to all parts of the hydrogen storage cavity 31 through the baffling channel, thereby improving the release efficiency of the hydrogen in the hydrogen storage cavity 31.

[0061] The specific embodiments of the present application described above do not constitute a limitation on the protection scope of the present application. Any various other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A low-stress alloy hydrogen storage device, characterized by, The application relates to a hydrogen storage tank. The tank body; The fixed unit is fixed in the interior of the tank body; The buffer cylinder is fixedly connected with the fixed unit in the interior of the tank body, the interior of the buffer cylinder is provided with a hydrogen storage cavity, a buffer cavity is formed between the buffer cylinder and the tank body, and the buffer cavity is used for arranging a buffer gas layer; The hydrogen storage alloy layer is arranged in the hydrogen storage cavity; The hydrogen charging unit is used for connecting a hydrogen charging device, so that the hydrogen storage alloy layer is charged with hydrogen by the hydrogen charging device; The buffer cylinder is provided with a first connecting hole, the first connecting hole is communicated with the hydrogen storage cavity and the buffer cavity, and the aperture of the first connecting hole is smaller than the particle diameter of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage alloy layer; The buffer cylinder comprises a fixed part, an elastic expansion part and an enclosed part, the fixed part is fixed to the fixed unit, the elastic expansion part is fixed to the fixed part, the enclosed part is fixed to the elastic expansion part, and the elastic expansion part can be stretched under the expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy.

2. The low stress alloy hydrogen storage device of claim 1, wherein, The first supporting ring is slidingly connected to the buffer cavity and sealingly abuts against the inner wall of the fixed part and the tank body, the second supporting ring is slidingly connected between the enclosed part and the inner wall of the tank body and sealingly abuts against the enclosed part and the inner wall of the tank body, and the first connecting hole is arranged on the fixed part and the enclosed part and located on the side opposite to the first supporting ring and the second supporting ring.

3. The low stress alloy hydrogen storage device of claim 2, wherein, The nitrogen cavity is formed between the first supporting ring and the second supporting ring, the tank body is provided with a nitrogen inlet, the nitrogen inlet is connected with a nitrogen charging device, and nitrogen is filled into the nitrogen cavity by the nitrogen charging device when hydrogen is released from the hydrogen storage alloy layer.

4. The low stress alloy hydrogen storage device of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The fixed unit comprises a fixed plate, the fixed plate is fixed to the inner wall of the tank body and sealingly abuts against the inner wall of the tank body, the fixed plate and the inner wall of the tank body form a balance cavity, the balance cavity is filled with balance gas, the buffer cylinder is fixed to the fixed plate, and the balance cavity and the buffer cavity are located on the two sides of the fixed plate.

5. The low stress alloy hydrogen storage device of claim 4, wherein, The buffer cylinder is provided with an open end, the buffer cylinder is fixed to the fixed plate through the open end, the inner wall of the fixed plate and the buffer cylinder enclose to form the hydrogen storage cavity, the fixed plate is provided with a second connecting hole, the second connecting hole is communicated with the hydrogen storage cavity and the balance cavity, and the aperture of the second connecting hole is smaller than the particle diameter of the hydrogen storage alloy in the hydrogen storage alloy layer.

6. The low stress alloy hydrogen storage device of claim 5, wherein, The fixed plate is further provided with a communication port, the communication port is communicated with the balance cavity and the buffer cavity.

7. The low stress alloy hydrogen storage device of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The hydrogen charging unit comprises a gas guide pipe and a filter, one end of the gas guide pipe is located outside the tank body, the other end of the gas guide pipe penetrates through the tank body and extends to the hydrogen storage cavity, one end of the gas guide pipe extending to the hydrogen storage cavity is provided with a gas guide micropore, and the gas guide pipe is used for connecting a hydrogen charging device, so that the hydrogen storage cavity is charged with hydrogen by the hydrogen charging device.

8. The low stress alloy hydrogen storage device of any one of claims 1-3, wherein, A plurality of baffle cylinders are arranged in the hydrogen storage cavity from inside to outside in a staggered mode, and continuous and curved baffle channels are formed between the baffle cylinders.

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