A CO 2 Cargo transportation and storage systems

Abstract

The present invention discloses a CO2 cargo transfer and storage system, including a first gas manifold, a second gas manifold, a first liquid manifold, a third gas manifold, a fourth gas manifold, a second liquid manifold, a CO2 liquid cargo tank, a cargo evaporation / heater, and a cargo compressor unit. The present invention can address the icing risk that may be caused by overpressure relief of the CO2 storage tank, improving the safety of the CO2 liquid cargo tank; the CO2 liquid cargo tank described in the present invention can operate in parallel with two or more units, and the system has strong expandability. The present invention can, through strict pressure and temperature control, keep the liquid CO2 in the pipeline and the liquid cargo tank away from the risk of forming dry ice, ensuring safety. This system can achieve full-process operations before and after loading and unloading operations, with perfect system functions, safe and reliable operations. This system can be applied to CO2 transport ships, CO2 offshore platforms, CO2 floating storage devices, etc., and has strong system applicability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a CO2 cargo processing system, and more particularly to a CO2 cargo transmission and storage system. Background Art

[0002] CO2 capture, utilization and storage are important means of sustainable development. Compared with terrestrial carbon storage, marine carbon storage has great potential, is far away from human settlements, and has advantages in reliability and environmental friendliness. Marine structures such as CO2 offshore platforms, CO2 floating storage devices, and CO2 transport ships are key equipment in the marine CCUS industry chain. The above equipment must address the needs of CO2 cargo transmission and storage functions. The volume of CO2 gas is more than 500 times that of liquid. Transporting and storing in a liquid state can greatly improve the transshipment and storage efficiency of CO2 transport ships. CO2 is usually received and stored in a low-pressure liquid state (storage pressure is usually less than 20 bara), which can greatly reduce the manufacturing cost of CO2 liquid cargo tanks.

[0003] The triple point of CO2 is: pressure about 5.2 bara, temperature about -56°C. During the loading, unloading and storage of CO2 cargo, if the cargo pressure and temperature are controlled close to the triple point, slight pressure and temperature fluctuations will trigger the generation of solid dry ice, which will clog pipeline valves and equipment, causing safety risks. Summary of the invention

[0004] In view of the above problems, the present invention proposes a CO2 cargo transmission and storage system, which can realize the loading, storage and unloading functions of liquid CO2. The system can realize safe operation of the whole process of loading, storage and unloading of liquid CO2 through the configuration of pipelines, valves and liquid cargo equipment, and avoid the risk of liquid CO2 being converted into dry ice by strictly controlling the operating pressure and temperature of the system away from the triple point of CO2.

[0005] In order to achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides a CO2 cargo transmission and storage system, comprising a first gas phase header, a second gas phase header, a first liquid phase header, a third gas phase header, a fourth gas phase header, a second liquid phase header, a CO2 liquid cargo tank, a cargo evaporator / heater and a cargo compressor unit.

[0006] The first gas phase header, the second gas phase header and the first liquid phase header are placed on the port side of the ship, and the headers on the port side of the ship are arranged in the order of the first gas phase header, the first liquid phase header and the third gas phase header.

[0007] The third gas phase header, the fourth gas phase header and the second liquid phase header are placed on the starboard side of the ship. The headers on the starboard side of the ship are arranged in the order of the third gas phase header, the second liquid phase header and the fourth gas phase header.

[0008] The first gas phase header, the second gas phase header, the first liquid phase header, the third gas phase header, the fourth gas phase header and the second liquid phase header are external pipeline interfaces of the ship.

[0009] A first gas phase valve is respectively arranged on the first gas phase header and the second gas phase header, the downstream pipelines of the two first gas phase valves are connected to the second gas phase valve at the confluence, and the second gas phase valve is connected to one end of the first gas phase pipeline.

[0010] A first gas phase valve is respectively arranged on the third gas phase header and the fourth gas phase header, the downstream pipeline of the first gas phase valve is connected to the third gas phase valve, and the third gas phase valve is connected to one end of the first gas phase pipeline.

[0011] A first liquid phase valve and a second liquid phase valve are sequentially arranged on the first liquid phase manifold, and an outlet end of the second liquid phase valve is connected to one end of the liquid phase pipeline. A fourth liquid phase valve and a fifth liquid phase valve are sequentially arranged on the second liquid phase manifold, and an outlet end of the fifth liquid phase valve is connected to the liquid phase pipeline.

[0012] A fourth gas phase valve is provided at the connection point between the first gas phase pipeline and the liquid phase pipeline.

[0013] One end of the first gas phase pipeline is connected to the first gas phase header, the second gas phase header, the third gas phase header, and the fourth gas phase header, and the other end is connected to the fifth gas phase valve, the fifth gas phase valve is connected to the sixth gas phase valve through a pipeline, and the sixth gas phase valve is connected to the seventh gas phase valve through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the seventh gas phase valve is connected to the top of the CO2 liquid cargo tank.

[0014] A branch pipeline is arranged at the inlet end of the fifth gas phase valve, which is connected to the eighth gas phase valve. The eighth gas phase valve is connected to the ninth gas phase valve through a pipeline. The outlet end of the ninth gas phase valve is connected to the pipeline at the inlet end of the seventh gas phase valve.

[0015] A pipeline connected to the second purge and discharge pipeline is provided at the junction of the downstream pipelines of the sixth gas phase valve and the ninth gas phase valve. A regulating valve is provided on the pipeline connected to the second purge and discharge pipeline. The other end of the second purge and discharge pipeline is a vent outlet.

[0016] A branch pipeline is arranged between the sixth gas phase valve and the seventh gas phase valve on the first gas phase pipeline. The first purge valve is installed on the branch pipeline and connected to the top purge pipeline in the CO2 liquid cargo tank.

[0017] A third branch pipeline is arranged between the sixth gas phase valve and the seventh gas phase valve on the first gas phase pipeline, a second purge valve is installed on the third branch pipeline and connected to the first purge and discharge pipeline, the other end of the first purge and discharge pipeline is connected to dry air. The first purge and discharge pipeline and the second purge and discharge pipeline are connected through a third purge valve.

[0018] One end of the liquid phase pipeline is connected to the liquid phase manifold, and the other end is connected to the third liquid phase valve. The other end of the third liquid phase valve is respectively connected to the filling pipeline, the spraying pipeline, the stripping pipeline and the unloading pipeline. The other end of the filling pipeline is connected to the bottom filling / purge pipeline arranged at the bottom of the CO2 liquid cargo tank, and a filling valve is installed on the filling pipeline. The other end of the spraying pipeline is connected to the top spraying pipeline arranged in the CO2 liquid cargo tank, and a spraying valve is installed on the spraying pipeline. The other end of the stripping pipeline is connected to the liquid collecting well at the bottom of the CO2 liquid cargo tank, and a stripping valve is installed on the stripping pipeline. The other end of the unloading pipeline is connected to the unloading pump in the liquid collecting well, and an unloading valve is installed on the unloading pipeline.

[0019] A fourth purge valve is arranged between the filling valve and the third liquid phase valve and is connected to the second purge discharge pipe.

[0020] A section of second gas phase pipeline is installed between the fifth gas phase valve and the sixth gas phase valve on the first gas phase pipeline, the other end of the second gas phase pipeline is connected to one end of the cargo evaporator / heater and the cargo compressor unit respectively, the other end of the cargo evaporator / heater is connected to the evaporator pipeline, the evaporator pipeline is connected to the liquid phase pipeline, the other end of the cargo compressor unit is connected to a high-temperature gas phase pipeline, and the other end of the high-temperature gas phase pipeline is connected to the pipeline between the eighth gas phase valve and the ninth gas phase valve.

[0021] The CO2 liquid cargo tank is equipped with a pressure monitoring device, a temperature monitoring device and a liquid level monitoring device. The first safety valve, the second safety valve, the third safety valve and the fourth safety valve are installed at the gas dome of the CO2 liquid cargo tank. The other ends of the four safety valves are connected to the safety valve discharge pipeline, and the other end of the safety valve discharge pipeline is connected to the vent outlet.

[0022] In the above-mentioned CO2 cargo transmission and storage system, in a preferred embodiment, the CO2 liquid cargo tank (13) is a C-type storage tank, the design pressure range of the CO2 liquid cargo tank is 5.2 bara to 20 bara, and one CO2 liquid cargo tank (13) is provided or multiple CO2 liquid cargo tanks (13) are provided in parallel.

[0023] In the above-mentioned CO2 cargo transmission and storage system, in a preferred embodiment, the unloading pump is a submersible pump or a deep well pump, and one or more unloading pumps are installed in each CO2 liquid cargo tank.

[0024] In the above-mentioned CO2 cargo transmission and storage system, in a preferred embodiment, the cargo compressor unit (34) includes a gas-liquid separator, a gas heater, a gas compressor, and a pressure-stabilizing tank. The gas heater is an electric heater or a heater heated by a heat exchange fluid medium. The gas compressor can be a plunger compressor, a centrifugal compressor, or a screw compressor.

[0025] In the above-mentioned CO2 cargo transmission and storage system, under the preferred mode, the temperature monitoring device monitors the liquid cargo temperature at six liquid level heights, namely, 0% liquid level height, 25% liquid level height, 50% liquid level height, 75% liquid level height, 95% liquid level height, and gas phase height.

[0026] The present invention can use multiple sets of headers for cargo transmission, and the system has high redundancy; the liquid cargo tank of the present invention is equipped with 4 CO2 discharge safety valves to deal with the risk of freezing that may be caused by the overpressure discharge of the CO2 storage tank, thereby improving the safety of the CO2 liquid cargo tank; the CO2 liquid cargo tank described in the present invention can be operated in parallel with two or more, and the system has strong scalability. The system can keep the liquid CO2 in the pipeline and liquid cargo tank away from the risk of forming dry ice through strict pressure and temperature control to ensure safety; the system can realize the full process operation before and after loading and unloading operations, the system has complete functions, and the operation is safe and reliable; the system can be applied to CO2 transport ships, CO2 offshore platforms, CO2 floating storage devices, etc., and the system has strong applicability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the dry tank operation structure of the liquid cargo tank of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the liquid cargo tank pressurization operation structure of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the liquid cargo tank precooling operation structure of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 5 The present invention is a schematic structural diagram of a liquid cargo loading operation using a natural reflux method of cargo gas.

[0032] Figure 6 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a liquid cargo loading operation using a cargo compressor for forced reflux.

[0033] Figure 7 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the liquid cargo unloading operation using the natural reflux structure of cargo gas.

[0034] Figure 8 It is a schematic diagram of the liquid cargo unloading operation of the present invention using a cargo evaporation / heater pressure supplement structure.

[0035] Fig. 9 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of the liquid phase pipeline after the liquid cargo loading and unloading operation using external gas purge operation.

[0036] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a structure in which a liquid phase pipeline after liquid cargo loading and unloading operations is purged using a cargo compressor.

[0037] Fig.11 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a tank stripping structure in which an external return air pressurization is used for tank stripping operation of a liquid cargo tank after liquid cargo is unloaded.

[0038] Fig.12 The present invention is a schematic diagram of a tank stripping structure in which a cargo compressor is used for pressurizing the tank stripping operation of a liquid cargo tank after the liquid cargo is unloaded.

[0039] Fig.13 It is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief operation structure after the liquid cargo tank is stripped.

[0040] Fig.14 It is a schematic diagram of the ventilation operation structure of the liquid cargo tank of the present invention.

[0041] Fig.15 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of emergency emptying of a liquid cargo tank unloading pump failure using external return air pressurization operation.

[0042] Fig.16 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the structure of emergency emptying of a liquid cargo tank unloading pump failure using a cargo compressor for pressurization operation.

[0043] In the figure: 1, first gas phase header, 2, second gas phase header, 3, third gas phase header, 4, fourth gas phase header, 5, first liquid phase header, 6, second liquid phase header, 7, first gas phase valve, 8, second gas phase valve, 9, first gas phase pipeline, 10, first liquid phase valve, 11 second liquid phase valve, 12, liquid phase pipeline, 13, CO2 liquid cargo tank, 14, first purge valve, 15, top purge pipeline, 1 6. Second purge and discharge pipeline, 17. First purge and discharge pipeline, 18. Second purge valve, 19. Ventilation outlet, 20. Third liquid phase valve, 21. Filling pipeline, 22. Spraying pipeline, 23. Tank stripping pipeline, 24. Unloading pipeline, 25. Bottom filling / purge pipeline, 26. Filling valve, 27. Top spraying pipeline, 28. Spraying valve, 29 Liquid collecting well, 30. Tank stripping valve, 31. Unloading valve, 32. Second gas phase pipeline, 33. Cargo evaporator / heater, 34. Cargo compressor unit, 35. High temperature gas phase pipeline, 36. Pressure monitoring device, 37. Temperature monitoring device, 38. Liquid level monitoring device, 39. First safety valve, 40. Second safety valve, 41. Third safety valve, 42. Fourth safety valve, 43. Safety valve discharge pipeline, 44. Gas-liquid separator, 45. Gas heater, 46. Gas compressor, 47. Pressure regulating tank, 48. Unloading pump, 49. Evaporator pipeline, 50. Regulating valve, 51. Third gas phase valve, 52. Fourth liquid phase valve, 53. Fifth liquid phase valve, 54. Fourth gas phase valve, 55. Fifth gas phase valve, 56. Sixth gas phase valve, 57. Seventh gas phase valve, 58. Eighth gas phase valve, 59. Ninth gas phase valve, 60. Third purge valve, 61. Fourth purge valve. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] like Figure 1 As shown, the present invention is a CO2 cargo transmission and storage system, characterized in that it includes a first gas phase header 1, a second gas phase header 2, a first liquid phase header 5, a third gas phase header 3, a fourth gas phase header 4, a second liquid phase header 6, a CO2 liquid cargo tank 13, a cargo evaporator / heater 33 and a cargo compressor unit 34.

[0045] The first gas phase manifold 1, the second gas phase manifold 2, and the first liquid phase manifold 5 are placed on the port side of the ship, and the arrangement order of the manifolds on the port side of the ship is the first gas phase manifold 1, the first liquid phase manifold 5, and the third gas phase manifold 3.

[0046] The third gas phase header 3, the fourth gas phase header 4, and the second liquid phase header 6 are placed on the starboard side of the ship. The headers on the starboard side of the ship are arranged in the order of the third gas phase header 3, the second liquid phase header 6, and the fourth gas phase header 4.

[0047] The first gas phase header 1, the second gas phase header 2, the first liquid phase header 5, the third gas phase header 3, the fourth gas phase header 4, and the second liquid phase header 6 are external pipeline interfaces of the ship.

[0048] A first gas phase valve 7 is respectively arranged on the first gas phase header 1 and the second gas phase header 2 . The downstream pipelines of the two first gas phase valves 7 are connected to the second gas phase valve 8 . The second gas phase valve 8 is connected to one end of the first gas phase pipeline 9 .

[0049] A first gas phase valve 7 is respectively arranged on the third gas phase header 3 and the fourth gas phase header 4 . The downstream pipeline of the first gas phase valve 7 is connected to the third gas phase valve 51 , and the third gas phase valve 51 is connected to one end of the first gas phase pipeline 9 .

[0050] The first liquid phase manifold 5 is provided with a first liquid phase valve 10 and a second liquid phase valve 11 in sequence, and the outlet end of the second liquid phase valve 11 is connected to one end of a liquid phase pipeline 12. The second liquid phase manifold 6 is provided with a fourth liquid phase valve 52 and a fifth liquid phase valve 53 in sequence, and the outlet end of the fifth liquid phase valve 53 is connected to the liquid phase pipeline 12.

[0051] A fourth gas phase valve 54 is provided at the connection point between the first gas phase pipeline 9 and the liquid phase pipeline 12 .

[0052] One end of the first gas phase pipeline 9 is connected to the first gas phase header 1, the second gas phase header 2, the third gas phase header 3, and the fourth gas phase header 4, and the other end is connected to the fifth gas phase valve 55. The fifth gas phase valve 55 is connected to the sixth gas phase valve 56 through a pipeline, and the sixth gas phase valve 56 is connected to the seventh gas phase valve 57 through a pipeline. The outlet end of the seventh gas phase valve 57 is connected to the top of the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13.

[0053] A branch pipeline is set at the inlet end of the fifth gas phase valve 55, and the branch pipeline is connected to the eighth gas phase valve 58. The eighth gas phase valve 58 is connected to the ninth gas phase valve 59 through a pipeline. The outlet end of the ninth gas phase valve 59 is connected to the pipeline at the inlet end of the seventh gas phase valve 57.

[0054] A pipeline connected to the second purge and discharge pipeline 16 is provided at the junction of the downstream pipelines of the sixth gas phase valve 56 and the ninth gas phase valve 59. A regulating valve 50 is provided on the pipeline connected to the second purge and discharge pipeline 16. The other end of the second purge and discharge pipeline 16 is a vent outlet 19.

[0055] A branch pipeline is arranged between the sixth gas phase valve 56 and the seventh gas phase valve 57 on the first gas phase pipeline 9 , and a first purge valve 14 is installed on the branch pipeline and connected to the top purge pipeline 15 in the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13 .

[0056] A third branch pipeline is provided between the sixth gas phase valve 56 and the seventh gas phase valve 57 on the first gas phase pipeline 9. A second purge valve 18 is installed on the third branch pipeline and connected to the first purge and discharge pipeline 17. The other end of the first purge and discharge pipeline 17 is connected to dry air. The first purge and discharge pipeline 17 and the second purge and discharge pipeline 16 are connected via a third purge valve 60.

[0057] One end of the liquid phase pipeline 12 is connected to the liquid phase manifold, and the other end is connected to the third liquid phase valve 20. The other end of the third liquid phase valve 20 is respectively connected to the filling pipeline 21, the spraying pipeline 22, the tank stripping pipeline 23, and the unloading pipeline 24. The other end of the filling pipeline 21 is connected to the bottom filling / sweeping pipeline 25 arranged at the bottom of the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13, and a filling valve 26 is installed on the filling pipeline 21. The other end of the spraying pipeline 22 is connected to the top spraying pipeline 27 arranged in the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13, and a spraying valve 28 is installed on the spraying pipeline 22. The other end of the tank stripping pipeline 23 is connected to the liquid collecting well 29 at the bottom of the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13, and a tank stripping valve 30 is installed on the tank stripping pipeline 23. The other end of the unloading pipeline 24 is connected to the unloading pump 48 in the liquid collecting well 29, and a unloading valve 31 is installed on the unloading pipeline 24.

[0058] A fourth purge valve 61 is provided between the filling valve 26 and the third liquid phase valve 20 and is connected to the second purge discharge pipe 16 .

[0059] A section of the second gas phase pipeline 32 is installed between the fifth gas phase valve 55 and the sixth gas phase valve 56 on the first gas phase pipeline 9, and the other end of the second gas phase pipeline 32 is connected to one end of the cargo evaporator / heater 33 and the cargo compressor unit 34 respectively, the other end of the cargo evaporator / heater 33 is connected to the evaporator pipeline 49, the evaporator pipeline 49 is connected to the liquid phase pipeline 12, and the other end of the cargo compressor unit 34 is connected to a high-temperature gas phase pipeline 35, and the other end of the high-temperature gas phase pipeline 35 is connected to the pipeline between the eighth gas phase valve 58 and the ninth gas phase valve 59.

[0060] A pressure monitoring device 36, a temperature monitoring device 37, and a liquid level monitoring device 38 are provided in the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13. A first safety valve 39, a second safety valve 40, a third safety valve 41, and a fourth safety valve 42 are provided at the gas dome of the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13. The other ends of the four safety valves are connected to a safety valve discharge pipeline 43, and the other end of the safety valve discharge pipeline 43 is connected to the vent outlet 19.

[0061] The CO2 liquid cargo tank 13 is a C-type storage tank, and the design pressure range of the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13 is 5.2 bara to 20 bara. One CO2 liquid cargo tank 13 is provided or multiple CO2 liquid cargo tanks are connected in parallel.

[0062] The unloading pump 48 is a submersible pump or a deep well pump. One or more unloading pumps are installed in each CO2 liquid cargo tank 13.

[0063] The cargo compressor unit 34 includes a gas-liquid separator 44, a gas heater 45, a gas compressor 46, and a pressure-stabilizing tank 47. The gas heater 45 is an electric heater or a heater heated by a heat exchange fluid medium. The gas compressor 46 can be a plunger compressor, a centrifugal compressor, or a screw compressor.

[0064] The temperature monitoring device 37 monitors the liquid cargo temperature at six liquid level heights, namely, 0% liquid level height, 25% liquid level height, 50% liquid level height, 75% liquid level height, 95% liquid level height, and gas phase height.

[0065] like Figure 1 As shown, the CO2 cargo tank 13 of the CO2 cargo transmission and storage system can realize the pressure storage of liquid CO2, ensure that the storage working pressure is far away from the CO2 triple point, and prevent the generation of solid dry ice. The CO2 cargo tank 13 is a C-type storage. The conventional CO2 cargo tank design pressure is between 5.2 bara and 73.8 bara, while the CO2 cargo tank 13 of the present invention has a cargo tank design pressure range of 5.2 bara to 20 bara, which is more practical. The liquid CO2 cargo tank 13 can be a single-ear C-type storage tank, a double-ear C-type storage tank or a triple-ear C-type storage tank according to the storage requirements of the ship. It can be one or multiple in parallel.

[0066] like Figure 1 As shown, the CO2 cargo transmission and storage system is characterized in that the unloading pump 48 can be a submersible pump type, or a deep well pump or other functionally equivalent types; one or more unloading pumps can be installed in each CO2 liquid cargo tank 13.

[0067] like Figure 1 As shown, the cargo evaporator / heater 33 can realize the gasification of the liquid cargo in the liquid phase pipeline 12 by evaporation or heater evaporation, and the steam is replenished into the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13 through the pipeline to maintain the pressure balance of the liquid cargo tank; the cargo evaporator / heater 33 can be an electric heating type, or it can be heated by seawater or other heat exchange fluid media, and can be a shell and tube type, a plate and shell type or other types with equivalent functions.

[0068] like Figure 1 As shown, the cargo compressor unit 34 includes a gas-liquid separator 44, a gas heater 45, a gas compressor 46, and a pressure-stabilizing tank 47. The gas heater 45 can be an electric heater or a heater heated by other heat exchange fluid media. The gas compressor 46 can be a plunger compressor, a centrifugal compressor, a screw compressor, or other types with equivalent functions.

[0069] After loading and unloading of CO2 liquid cargo, the residual CO2 liquid cargo in the liquid cargo pipeline can be purged into the liquid cargo tank through the cargo compressor unit 34; when multiple CO2 liquid cargo tanks 13 are stored in parallel, if the unloading pump 48 in one of the CO2 liquid cargo tanks 13 fails, the liquid cargo tank cannot be unloaded through the unloading pump 48, then the cargo compressor unit can be turned on to supplement the liquid cargo tank with high-pressure gas CO2 to pressurize the liquid cargo tank, and the liquid cargo in the liquid cargo tank is discharged through the bottom filling / purging pipeline 25 or the tank stripping pipeline 23 along the liquid phase pipeline 12 Discharge to the outside of the ship or transfer to other CO2 liquid cargo tanks 13 to realize the emptying of the liquid cargo tank; pressurize the gas in the liquid cargo tank through the cargo compressor unit 34 to realize the liquid cargo tank sweeping operation; when the liquid cargo tank is filled with cargo, the gas in the liquid cargo tank needs to flow back to the external filling party naturally through the gas phase pipeline; if the pressure of the liquid cargo tank of the external filling party is too high to realize the natural flow of the reflux gas to the filling party's liquid cargo tank, the gas in the liquid cargo tank of this ship can be pressurized by the cargo compressor unit 34 and then transmitted to the external filling party.

[0070] like Figure 1 As shown, the pressure monitoring device 36 of the CO2 cargo tank 13 can realize the functions of low pressure and high pressure alarm in the cargo tank, triggering ESD emergency cut-off, etc.; the low pressure should ensure that the cargo pressure in the cargo tank is away from the CO2 three-point point; the high pressure should ensure that the cargo pressure in the cargo tank is lower than the design pressure of the cargo tank to ensure the safety of the cargo tank.

[0071] like Figure 1As shown, the temperature monitoring device 37 of the CO2 cargo transmission and storage system monitors the liquid cargo temperature at six liquid level heights, namely, 0% liquid level height, 25% liquid level height, 50% liquid level height, 75% liquid level height, 95% liquid level height, and gas phase height.

[0072] like Figure 1 As shown, the liquid level monitoring device 38 of the CO2 cargo transmission and storage system realizes real-time liquid level monitoring of the liquid cargo tank.

[0073] like Figure 1 As shown, the regulating valve 50 of the CO2 cargo transmission and storage system can adjust the pressure change when the CO2 liquid cargo tank 13 is depressurized, so as to prevent the local CO2 temperature from dropping suddenly and the generation of solid dry ice due to excessively rapid depressurization. The pressure regulation of the regulating valve 50 is usually used to depressurize the relatively high-pressure gaseous CO2 remaining in the cargo tank after the liquid CO2 is emptied by stripping the cargo tank, so as to facilitate the next ventilation and blowing operation.

[0074] System function description:

[0075] Through the connection and functions of the above system valves, pipelines, equipment, the following system functions can be achieved:

[0076] like Figure 2 As shown, the dry tank operation of the liquid cargo tank is to receive dry CO2 from the outside through the gas phase pipeline to the bottom of the liquid cargo tank 13 and fill and purge the pipeline 25 to exhaust the air in the original liquid cargo tank to the atmosphere. The valves that need to be opened for the dry tank operation of the system are: the first gas phase valve 7, the second gas phase valve 8, the fourth gas phase valve 54, the third liquid phase valve 20, the filling valve 26, the seventh gas phase valve 57, the regulating valve 50, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0077] like Figure 3 As shown, the cargo tank pressurization operation: before loading liquid CO2 into the cargo tank, the cargo tank pressurization operation is completed to make the pressure inside the cargo tank higher than the triple point pressure to prevent the generation of solid dry ice due to a sudden drop in pressure during the liquid cargo transmission process. The valves that need to be opened for the system to perform dry tank operation: the first gas phase valve 7, the second gas phase valve 8, the fifth gas phase valve 55, the sixth gas phase valve 56, the seventh gas phase valve 57, and the remaining valves of the system are closed.

[0078] like Figure 4 As shown, liquid cargo tank precooling operation: before loading liquid CO2 into the liquid cargo tank, the liquid cargo tank is precooled, and the preferred maximum precooling rate is 10°C / h, and the average temperature of the cargo tank is precooled to -20°C. The valves that need to be opened for the system to perform dry tank operation: the first liquid phase valve 10, the second liquid phase valve 11, the third liquid phase valve 20, the spray valve 28, and the remaining valves of the system are closed.

[0079] like Figure 5As shown, the liquid cargo loading operation: receiving external CO2 liquid cargo to be stored in the liquid cargo tank, in order to balance the pressure in the liquid cargo tank, the excess CO2 gas in the liquid cargo tank needs to be refluxed to the external filling end, which can be done by natural reflux or pressurized reflux by cargo compressor unit 34; when the natural reflux method is adopted, the liquid CO2 filled from the outside is received by the liquid phase header 1, and loaded into the liquid cargo tank through the liquid phase pipeline 12 and the bottom filling / purge pipeline 25. In order to maintain the liquid cargo tank from being over-pressurized, the excess CO2 gas in the liquid cargo tank needs to be naturally refluxed to the external filling facility through the first gas phase pipeline 9 and the first gas phase header 1. At this time, the valves to be opened for operation are: the first liquid phase valve 10, the second liquid phase valve 11, the first gas phase valve 7, the second gas phase valve 8, the third liquid phase valve 20, the filling valve 26, the fifth gas phase valve 55, the sixth gas phase valve 56, the seventh gas phase valve 57, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0080] like Figure 6 As shown, if the gas pressure of the external filling party is too high and cannot be refluxed naturally, the cargo compressor unit 34 is required to force reflux. The first liquid phase header 5 receives the liquid CO2 filled externally, and is loaded into the liquid cargo tank through the liquid phase pipeline 12 and the bottom filling / purge pipeline 25. In order to maintain the liquid cargo tank from overpressure, the excess CO2 gas in the liquid cargo tank needs to be pressurized by the cargo compressor and then naturally refluxed to the external filling facility through the gas phase pipeline and the first gas phase header 1. At this time, the valves that need to be opened are: the first liquid phase valve 10, the second liquid phase valve 11, the first gas phase valve 7, the second gas phase valve 8, the third liquid phase valve 20, the filling valve 26, the sixth gas phase valve 56, the seventh gas phase valve 57, the eighth gas phase valve 58, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0081] like Figure 7 As shown, the liquid cargo unloading operation: the unloading pump 48 unloads the liquid cargo in the liquid cargo tank to the outside through the liquid phase pipeline 12. In order to balance the pressure in the liquid cargo tank, it is necessary to receive the CO2 gas refluxed from the outside to the liquid cargo tank. If there is no CO2 gas reflux outside, the cargo evaporation / heater 33 is used to evaporate the liquid cargo to generate CO2 gas to supplement the liquid cargo tank; when the natural reflux of cargo gas is adopted, the unloading pump unloads the liquid cargo in the liquid cargo tank to the outside through the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the first liquid phase header 5. In order to balance the pressure in the liquid cargo tank, it is necessary to receive the CO2 gas refluxed from the outside to the liquid cargo tank. At this time, the valves to be opened for operation are: the first liquid phase valve 10, the second liquid phase valve 11, the first gas phase valve 7, the second gas phase valve 8, the third liquid phase valve 20, the unloading valve 31, the fifth gas phase valve 55, the sixth gas phase valve 56, the seventh gas phase valve 57, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0082] like Figure 8As shown, when there is no CO2 gas reflux from the outside, the cargo evaporator / heater 33 is required to replenish the CO2 gas generated by the evaporation of the liquid cargo into the liquid cargo tank to maintain the tank pressure and avoid the pressure in the tank being too low. At this time, the valves to be opened are: the first liquid phase valve 10, the second liquid phase valve 11, the third liquid phase valve 20, the unloading valve 31, the sixth gas phase valve 56, the seventh gas phase valve 57, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0083] like Fig. 9 As shown, the purging operation of the liquid phase pipeline 12 after the liquid cargo loading and unloading operation: the residual CO2 liquid in the liquid phase pipeline 12 is purged into the liquid cargo tank by using the gas CO2 provided externally; or the CO2 gas in the liquid cargo tank is pressurized by the cargo compressor unit 34 to purge the liquid phase pipeline 12, and the residual CO2 liquid in the liquid phase pipeline 12 is purged into the liquid cargo tank; when the residual CO2 liquid in the liquid phase pipeline is purged into the liquid cargo tank by using the gas CO2 provided externally, the gas CO2 provided externally enters the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the first gas phase manifold 1 and the first gas phase valve 54, and the residual CO2 liquid in the liquid phase pipeline 12 is purged into the liquid cargo tank. At this time, the valves to be opened for operation are: the first gas phase valve 7, the second gas phase valve 8, the first gas phase valve 54, the third liquid phase valve 20, and the filling valve 26, and the remaining valves of the system are closed.

[0084] like Fig.10 As shown, when the CO2 gas in the cargo tank is pressurized by the cargo compressor unit 34 and then the liquid phase pipeline 12 is purged, and the residual CO2 liquid in the liquid phase pipeline 12 is purged into the cargo tank, the gas CO2 in the cargo tank enters the cargo compressor unit 34 through the second gas phase header 2, and after pressurization, enters the first gas phase pipeline 9 through the high-temperature gas phase pipeline 35, and enters the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the fourth gas phase valve 54, and the residual CO2 liquid in the liquid phase pipeline 12 is purged into the cargo tank. At this time, the valves to be opened are: the fourth gas phase valve 54, the sixth gas phase valve 56, the seventh gas phase valve 57, the eighth gas phase valve 58, the third liquid phase valve 20, the filling valve 26, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0085] like Fig.11As shown, the cargo tank stripping operation after the liquid cargo is unloaded is as follows: the cargo tank is pressurized by using the gas CO2 provided externally, and the remaining part of the CO2 liquid is discharged to the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the cargo tank stripping pipeline 23 and then discharged to the outside; if multiple cargo tanks are stored in parallel, the cargo compressor unit 34 can also be used to pressurize the CO2 gas from another cargo tank, and then pressurize the cargo tank, and the remaining part of the CO2 liquid is discharged to the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the cargo tank stripping pipeline 23 and then discharged to the outside; when the cargo tank is pressurized by using the gas CO2 provided externally, and the remaining part of the CO2 liquid is discharged to the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the cargo tank stripping pipeline 23 and then discharged to the outside, the external gas is received by the first gas phase header 1, enters the cargo tank through the first gas phase pipeline 9, pressurizes the cargo tank, and the remaining part of the CO2 liquid in the cargo tank is discharged to the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the cargo tank stripping pipeline 23 and then discharged through the first liquid phase header 5. At this time, the valves that need to be opened are: the first gas phase valve 7, the second gas phase valve 8, the third liquid phase valve 20, the sweeping valve 30, the first liquid phase valve 10, the second liquid phase valve 11, the fifth gas phase valve 55, the sixth gas phase valve 56, the seventh gas phase valve 57, and the remaining valves in the system are closed.

[0086] like Fig.12 As shown, when multiple cargo tanks store liquid cargo in parallel, the cargo compressor unit 34 can also be used to pressurize the CO2 gas from another cargo tank, and then pressurize the cargo tank, and the remaining part of the CO2 liquid is discharged to the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the cargo tank stripping pipeline 23, and then discharged to the outside. At this time, the valves to be opened are: the first liquid phase valve 10, the second liquid phase valve 11, the third liquid phase valve 20, the stripping valve 30, the seventh gas phase valve 57, the ninth gas phase valve 59, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0087] like Fig.13 As shown, the pressure relief operation after the cargo tank is stripped is as follows: the cargo tank pressure relief rate is adjusted through the cargo tank top regulating valve 50 to avoid the risk of solid dry ice caused by a sudden drop in local pressure. At this time, the valves to be opened are: regulating valve 50, the seventh gas phase valve 57, and the rest of the system valves are closed.

[0088] like Fig.14 As shown, cargo tank ventilation operation: after the cargo tank is depressurized, dry air can be used to ventilate to the top of the cargo tank through the purge pipeline, and the CO2 gas in the cargo tank is discharged from the cargo tank through the bottom pipeline, and discharged to the vent outlet 19 through the second purge discharge pipeline 17. At this time, the valves to be opened for operation are: the second purge valve 18, the fourth purge valve 61, the filling valve 26, the seventh gas phase valve 57, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0089] like Fig.15As shown, emergency emptying of the liquid cargo tank unloading pump 48 failure: when the unloading pump 48 in the liquid cargo tank fails and cannot complete the unloading function, the liquid cargo tank is pressurized by using the gas CO2 provided by the outside, and the remaining part of the CO2 liquid is discharged to the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the bottom pipeline of the liquid cargo tank and discharged to the outside; if multiple liquid cargo tanks are used for parallel storage, the CO2 gas from another liquid cargo tank can also be pressurized by the cargo compressor, and the liquid cargo tank is pressurized, and the remaining part of the CO2 liquid is discharged to the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the bottom pipeline of the liquid cargo tank and discharged to the outside or discharged to other liquid cargo tanks. At this time, the valves to be opened for operation are: the first liquid phase valve 10, the second liquid phase valve 11, the first gas phase valve 7, the second gas phase valve 8, the third liquid phase valve 20, the fifth gas phase valve 55, the sixth gas phase valve 56, the seventh gas phase valve 57, the filling valve 26, the tank sweeping valve 30, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0090] like Fig.16 As shown, if multiple cargo tanks are stored in parallel, the cargo compressor can be used to pressurize the CO2 gas from another cargo tank, and then pressurize the cargo tank. The remaining CO2 liquid is discharged to the liquid phase pipeline 12 through the bottom pipeline of the cargo tank, and then discharged to the outside or to other cargo tanks. At this time, the valves to be opened are: the first liquid phase valve 10, the second liquid phase valve 11, the third liquid phase valve 20, the filling valve 26, the seventh gas phase valve 57, the ninth gas phase valve 59, and the rest of the valves in the system are closed.

[0091] When the system is actually running, the second gas phase header 2 or the third gas phase header 3 or the fourth gas phase header 4 can be opened to replace the function of the first gas phase header 1; the first liquid phase header 5 can also be opened to replace the function of the liquid phase header 6.

[0092] The above description is only a preferred specific implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can make equivalent replacements or changes according to the technical scheme and inventive concept of the present invention within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, which should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A CO2 cargo transmission and storage system, characterized in that: The cargo container comprises a first gas phase header (1), a second gas phase header (2), a first liquid phase header (5), a third gas phase header (3), a fourth gas phase header (4), a second liquid phase header (6), a CO2 liquid cargo tank (13), a cargo evaporator / heater (33) and a cargo compressor unit (34); The first gas phase header (1), the second gas phase header (2), and the first liquid phase header (5) are placed on the port side of the ship, and the headers on the port side of the ship are arranged in the order of the first gas phase header (1), the first liquid phase header (5), and the second gas phase header (2); The third gas phase header (3), the fourth gas phase header (4), and the second liquid phase header (6) are placed on the starboard side of the ship, and the headers on the starboard side of the ship are arranged in the order of the third gas phase header (3), the second liquid phase header (6), and the fourth gas phase header (4); The first gas phase header (1), the second gas phase header (2), the first liquid phase header (5), the third gas phase header (3), the fourth gas phase header (4), and the second liquid phase header (6) are external pipeline interfaces of the ship; A first gas phase valve (7) is provided on each of the first gas phase header (1) and the second gas phase header (2); the downstream pipelines of the two first gas phase valves (7) are connected to a second gas phase valve (8); and the second gas phase valve (8) is connected to one end of the first gas phase pipeline (9); A first gas phase valve (7) is provided on each of the third gas phase header (3) and the fourth gas phase header (4); the downstream pipeline of the first gas phase valve (7) is connected to the third gas phase valve (51); and the third gas phase valve (51) is connected to one end of the first gas phase pipeline (9); A first liquid phase valve (10) and a second liquid phase valve (11) are sequentially arranged on the first liquid phase manifold (5), and an outlet end of the second liquid phase valve (11) is connected to one end of a liquid phase pipeline (12); a fourth liquid phase valve (52) and a fifth liquid phase valve (53) are sequentially arranged on the second liquid phase manifold (6), and an outlet end of the fifth liquid phase valve (53) is connected to the liquid phase pipeline (12); A fourth gas phase valve (54) is provided at the connection point between the first gas phase pipeline (9) and the liquid phase pipeline (12); One end of the first gas phase pipeline (9) is connected to the first gas phase header (1), the second gas phase header (2), the third gas phase header (3), and the fourth gas phase header (4), and the other end is connected to a fifth gas phase valve (55). The fifth gas phase valve (55) is connected to a sixth gas phase valve (56) via a pipeline. The sixth gas phase valve (56) is further connected to a seventh gas phase valve (57) via a pipeline. The outlet end of the seventh gas phase valve (57) is connected to the top of the CO2 liquid cargo tank (13). A branch pipeline is provided at the inlet end of the fifth gas phase valve (55), the branch pipeline is connected to the eighth gas phase valve (58), the eighth gas phase valve (58) is connected to the ninth gas phase valve (59) through a pipeline, and the outlet end of the ninth gas phase valve (59) is connected to the pipeline at the inlet end of the seventh gas phase valve (57); A pipeline connected to a second purge and discharge pipeline (16) is provided at the junction of the downstream pipelines of the sixth gas phase valve (56) and the ninth gas phase valve (59), and a regulating valve (50) is provided on the pipeline connected to the second purge and discharge pipeline (16); the other end of the second purge and discharge pipeline (16) is a gas outlet (19); A branch pipeline is further provided between the sixth gas phase valve (56) and the seventh gas phase valve (57) on the first gas phase pipeline (9), and a first purge valve (14) is installed on the branch pipeline and connected to the top purge pipeline (15) in the CO2 liquid cargo tank (13); A third branch pipeline is arranged between the sixth gas phase valve (56) and the seventh gas phase valve (57) on the first gas phase pipeline (9); a second purge valve (18) is installed on the third branch pipeline and is connected to the first purge and discharge pipeline (17); the other end of the first purge and discharge pipeline (17) is connected to dry air; the first purge and discharge pipeline (17) and the second purge and discharge pipeline (16) are connected via a third purge valve (60); One end of the liquid phase pipeline (12) is connected to the liquid phase header, and the other end is connected to the third liquid phase valve (20). The other end of the third liquid phase valve (20) is respectively connected to the filling pipeline (21), the spray pipeline (22), the tank sweeping pipeline (23), and the cargo discharge pipeline (24). The other end of the filling pipeline (21) is connected to the bottom filling / sweeping pipeline (25) arranged at the bottom of the CO2 liquid cargo tank (13). A filling valve (26) is installed on the filling pipeline (21). The other end of the spray pipeline (22) is connected to the bottom filling / sweeping pipeline (25) arranged at the bottom of the CO2 liquid cargo tank (13). One end is connected to a top spray pipeline (27) arranged in the CO2 liquid cargo tank (13), a spray valve (28) is installed on the spray pipeline (22), the other end of the stripping pipeline (23) is connected to a liquid collecting well (29) at the bottom of the CO2 liquid cargo tank (13), a stripping valve (30) is installed on the stripping pipeline (23), the other end of the unloading pipeline (24) is connected to an unloading pump (48) in the liquid collecting well (29), and an unloading valve (31) is installed on the unloading pipeline (24); A fourth purge valve (61) is provided between the filling valve (26) and the third liquid phase valve (20) and is connected to the second purge discharge pipe (16); A second gas phase pipeline (32) is installed between the fifth gas phase valve (55) and the sixth gas phase valve (56) on the first gas phase pipeline (9), the other end of the second gas phase pipeline (32) is respectively connected to one end of the cargo evaporator / heater (33) and the cargo compressor unit (34), the other end of the cargo evaporator / heater (33) is connected to the evaporator pipeline (49), the evaporator pipeline (49) is connected to the liquid phase pipeline (12), the other end of the cargo compressor unit (34) is connected to a high-temperature gas phase pipeline (35), and the other end of the high-temperature gas phase pipeline (35) is connected to the pipeline between the eighth gas phase valve (58) and the ninth gas phase valve (59); The CO2 liquid cargo tank (13) is provided with a pressure monitoring device (36), a temperature monitoring device (37), and a liquid level monitoring device (38); a first safety valve (39), a second safety valve (40), a third safety valve (41), and a fourth safety valve (42) are provided at the gas dome of the CO2 liquid cargo tank (13); the other ends of the four safety valves are connected to a safety valve discharge pipeline (43); and the other end of the safety valve discharge pipeline (43) is connected to a vent outlet (19).

2. The CO2 cargo transmission and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The CO2 liquid cargo tank (13) is a C-type storage tank, and the design pressure range of the CO2 liquid cargo tank (13) is 5.2 bara to 20 bara. The CO2 liquid cargo tank (13) is provided in one or multiple parallel configurations.

3. The CO2 cargo transmission and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The unloading pump (48) is a submersible pump or a deep well pump, and one or more unloading pumps are installed in each of the CO2 liquid cargo tanks (13).

4. The CO2 cargo transmission and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cargo compressor unit (34) includes a gas-liquid separator (44), a gas heater (45), a gas compressor (46), and a pressure-stabilizing tank (47). The gas heater (45) is an electric heater or a heater heated by a heat exchange fluid medium. The gas compressor (46) is a plunger compressor, a centrifugal compressor, or a screw compressor.

5. The CO2 cargo transmission and storage system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temperature monitoring device (37) monitors the liquid cargo temperature at six heights: 0% liquid level height, 25% liquid level height, 50% liquid level height, 75% liquid level height, 95% liquid level height and gas phase height.

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