An automatic glue coating device for PU waterproof cloth

Abstract

The present invention provides an automatic glue coating device for PU waterproof cloth, which includes a frame, a conveying mechanism arranged on the frame for transporting cloth, a collecting tank arranged on one side of the conveying mechanism for placing cloth, a coating roller arranged above the collecting tank for coating the cloth, and a feeding mechanism arranged above the coating roller for dripping the coating material onto the surface of the coating roller. There is a gap only for the cloth to pass through between the coating roller and the collecting tank; a motor is arranged at the top of one side of the frame, the output shaft of the motor is connected to a lead screw through a coupling, the other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the other side of the frame, and the thread directions on the left and right sides of the surface of the lead screw are opposite. Adjusting mechanisms are sleeved on the left and right sides of the surface of the lead screw, and a clutch mechanism is arranged in the adjusting mechanism; through the cooperation of the clutch mechanism and the adjusting mechanism, the coating device conforms to the production concept of high efficiency and short process, and through the cooperation of the coating roller and the collecting tank, the waterproof performance of the produced waterproof cloth is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a coating machine, in particular to an automatic glue coating device for PU waterproof cloth. Background Art

[0002] Coating machines are mainly used for surface coating production of films, paper, cloth, etc. They coat the rolled substrate with a layer of glue, paint or ink with specific functions, and then cut it into sheets or roll it up after drying.

[0003] At present, the Chinese patent with announcement number CN215612746U discloses a self-adhesive coating machine, including a frame, which is provided with a glue roller and a pressure roller arranged relatively and parallel to each other, the pressure roller is arranged at the lower end of the glue roller, and a glue box is arranged on the side of the glue roller away from the pressure roller, part of the roller body of the glue roller is located in the glue box, and a moving component is arranged at the end of the glue box away from the glue roller to separate the glue box from the glue roller, and the moving component includes a horizontally arranged mounting seat, the glue box is detachably mounted on the mounting seat, and a vertically arranged telescopic rod is arranged at the end of the mounting seat away from the glue box. The telescopic rod drives the mounting seat to move the glue box toward or away from the glue roller, and the mounting seat is slidably connected to the frame in the vertical direction, and a scraper is detachably arranged at the position of the frame opposite to the glue roller, the scraper is parallel to the glue roller, and abuts against the glue layer on the glue roller.

[0004] Because product specifications need to be changed frequently during production, the width of the rolled substrate will vary, so the coating width of the coater must also be adjusted accordingly, but the coating width of the coater cannot be adjusted. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide an automatic glue coating device for PU waterproof cloth, the coating width of which can be automatically adjusted.

[0006] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is: an automatic glue coating device for PU waterproof cloth, comprising

[0007] frame;

[0008] a conveying mechanism, which is provided on the frame and is used to convey the cloth;

[0009] A collecting trough, which is provided on one side of the conveying mechanism and is used for placing cloth;

[0010] A coating roller is provided above the collecting tank and is used to coat the cloth; a gap is provided between the coating roller and the collecting tank for the cloth to pass through;

[0011] a feeding mechanism, part of which is disposed above the coating roller and is used to drip the coating material onto the surface of the coating roller;

[0012] It also includes a motor which is arranged at the top on one side of the frame;

[0013] A lead screw, one end of the lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the motor through a coupling, the other end of the lead screw is rotatably connected to the other side of the frame, and the two sides of the surface of the lead screw have opposite helix directions;

[0014] An adjusting mechanism which is sleeved on the surface of the lead screw from left to right. The adjusting mechanism includes an adjusting seat, a pushing plate and a baffle. The adjusting seat is threadedly connected to the lead screw. The pushing plate is rotatably connected to the opposite end faces of the two adjusting seats. The baffle is connected to the pushing plate and sleeved on the coating roller. Part of the feeding mechanism is arranged between the two baffles;

[0015] A detection unit which is symmetrically connected to the pushing plate from left to right and is used for monitoring the fabric;

[0016] A clutch mechanism which is arranged between the adjusting seat and the pushing plate and is used for restricting relative rotation between the adjusting seat and the pushing plate; when the detection unit detects the fabric, relative rotation occurs between the adjusting seat and the pushing plate.

[0017] Through the above technical solution, when the coating width needs to be adjusted, the motor is started to drive the lead screw to rotate. The adjusting seats on the lead screw are driven to rotate. At this time, the clutch mechanism restricts relative rotation between the adjusting seat and the pushing plate. Because the baffle is sleeved on the coating roller, the two adjusting seats move closer to or away from each other along the axis of the lead screw. The adjusting seats push the pushing plate and the baffle to move closer to or away from each other, so as to change the distance between the two baffles sleeved on the coating roller. When the detection unit on one side detects the fabric, the clutch mechanism no longer restricts the adjusting seat and the pushing plate, and relative rotation occurs between the adjusting seat and the pushing plate, so that the adjusting seat on this side stops moving along the axial direction of the lead screw and only rotates in place; until the detection unit on the other side detects the fabric, the clutch mechanism on this side causes relative rotation between the adjusting seat and the pushing plate. At this time, the center of the adjusting mechanism is aligned with the center of the fabric, and the adjustment of the coating width is completed; through the cooperation between the lead screw, the adjusting seat, the clutch mechanism and the detection unit, the distance between the baffles is changed, so as to automatically adapt to the widths of different substrates, and at the same time, the center of the fabric does not need to be particularly aligned with the center of the machine, and only needs to be roughly in the middle position of the coater.

[0018] Preferably, an installation groove is formed in the end face of the adjusting seat relative to the pushing plate. The clutch mechanism includes an electromagnet module and a magnetic disk located in the installation groove. The electromagnet is fixedly arranged on the push plate, and the magnetic disk is slidably connected in the installation groove. When the electromagnet module is energized to generate magnetism, the magnetic disk is adsorbed to the electromagnet module.

[0019] Through the above technical solution, the outer wall of the adjustment seat and the push plate protect the clutch mechanism in the placement slot, preventing the clutch mechanism from being damaged by external forces and reducing its lifespan. The connection method between the electromagnet module and the disk is simple, avoiding incorrect connection during installation that may cause failure of the clutch mechanism.

[0020] Preferably, protective rods are provided on both sides of the electromagnet module, and the ends of the protective rods are slidably connected to the magnetic disk. An elastic member is sleeved on the protective rod, and the two ends of the elastic member respectively abut the magnetic disk and the push plate. When the electromagnet module is powered off, there is a gap between the magnetic disk and the electromagnet module.

[0021] Through the above technical solution, when the electromagnet is energized to adsorb the disk, the elastic part is compressed; when the electromagnet module is powered off, the elastic part recovers and releases the elastic force to push the disk, so that a gap is generated between the disk and the electromagnet module, thereby preventing the adjustment seat from rotating and driving the disk to rotate, thereby preventing friction with the electromagnet and reducing the service life of the disk and the electromagnet.

[0022] Preferably, the elastic member is a spring.

[0023] Through the above technical solution, the spring has low cost and high replaceability, which reduces the subsequent maintenance cost.

[0024] Preferably, the detection unit includes a protective tube, a chuck, and a photoelectric sensor. One end of the protective tube is fixed to the side wall of the push plate facing the front of the frame, and the chuck is fixed to the other end of the protective tube, and the angle between the chuck and the protective tube is 90°. The two chucks are provided with mounting grooves on their opposite end faces, and the mounting grooves pass through the top and bottom of the two chucks. The photoelectric sensor is provided on the side wall of the mounting groove, and the photoelectric sensor is electrically connected to the electromagnet module.

[0025] Through the above technical solution, when the push plate moves axially, it drives the protective tube, chuck, and photoelectric sensor to move together. When the fabric enters the installation slot, the light of the photoelectric sensor is blocked by the fabric, and a signal is transmitted to the electromagnet module. The electromagnet module is powered off and loses its magnetism, causing relative rotation between the adjustment seat and the push plate. The connection method between the chuck and the protective tube enables the photoelectric sensor to detect the entry of the substrate into the installation slot in the first time, ensuring that the substrate will not be squeezed and deformed by the adjustment mechanism.

[0026] Preferably, the glue supply mechanism includes a glue pump, a material barrel, a bellows 1, and a bellows 2. The material barrel is arranged in a frame below the motor, the glue pump is arranged on the top of the material barrel, the input end of the glue pump is connected to the inside of the material barrel through a hose, the output end of the glue pump is connected to the bellows 1, the end of the bellows 1 is connected to the baffle on the adjacent side, the bellows 2 is arranged between the two baffles, and one end of the bellows 2 is fixed to the baffle, the other end of the bellows 2 is connected to the bellows 1, and a number of leakage holes are evenly distributed axially on the bottom of the bellows 2.

[0027] Through the above technical solution, when the coating material needs to be transported to the surface of the coating roller, the glue pump is started, and the glue pump transports the coating material in the material barrel to the bellows 1, and then the coating material flows into the bellows 2, and finally the coating material drips from the leak hole to the surface of the coating roller; the glue supply mechanism transports the coating material to the surface of the coating roller, so that the process of transporting the coating material is automated, and the material scalability of the bellows 1 and the bellows 2 is used to replace the traditional conveying pipe, so as to avoid interference between the conveying material pipeline and the coating roller when the adjustment mechanism moves.

[0028] Preferably, the two ends of the collection trough are an open end and a closed end respectively, the open end of the collection trough is connected to the top of the side wall of the material barrel, and the open end is communicated with the interior of the material barrel, and the closed end of the collection trough is connected to the frame.

[0029] Through the above technical solution, the collection trough collects the coating material that drips under the coating roller due to gravity during the loading process, avoiding affecting the environment of the production site. At the same time, the operator can also push the coating material in the collection trough from the open end into the material barrel for reuse, saving production costs.

[0030] Preferably, the bottom height of the collecting trough gradually decreases from the closed end to the open end.

[0031] Through the above technical solution, the different bottom heights of the collection tank allow the coating material in the collection tank to return to the material barrel under the action of gravity, avoiding the need for the operator to empty the collection tank when it is full. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment;

[0033] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an embodiment Figure 1 ;

[0034] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A magnified view of part A;

[0035] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the structure of the chuck;

[0036] Figure 5 Cross-section of the embodiment Figure 2 。

[0037] Reference numerals: 1, frame; 2, conveying mechanism; 21, conveying roller; 22, metering roller; 23, turning roller; 3, collecting tank; 31, open end; 32, closed end; 4, coating roller; 5, feeding mechanism; 51, glue pump; 52, material barrel; 53, first bellows; 54, second bellows; 6, motor; 7, lead screw; 8, adjusting mechanism; 81, adjusting seat; 82, pushing plate; 83, baffle; 9, detection unit; 91, protection tube; 92, chuck; 93, photoelectric sensor; 10, clutch mechanism; 101, electromagnet module; 102, disk; 11, placement groove; 12, protection rod; 13, spring. Detailed implementation manners

[0038] The following further details the specific implementation manners of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, so that the technical solutions of the present invention are easier to understand and master.

[0039] An automatic glue coating device for PU waterproof cloth, as Figure 1 shown, includes a frame 1, a conveying mechanism 2 provided on the frame 1 for transporting the cloth, a collecting tank 3 provided on one side of the conveying mechanism 2 for placing the cloth, a coating roller 4 provided above the collecting tank 3 for coating the cloth, and a feeding mechanism 5 provided above the coating roller 4 for dripping the coating material onto the surface of the coating roller 4. There is a gap only for the cloth to pass through between the coating roller 4 and the collecting tank 3. Since the gap between the coating roller 4 and the collecting tank 3 is constant, the coating material coated on the cloth surface is made more flat, effectively improving the waterproof performance of the cloth.

[0040] The conveying mechanism 2 includes a conveying roller 21, a metering roller 22, and a turning roller 23 arranged from top to bottom. The conveying roller 21 and the metering roller 22 are vertically aligned, and the turning roller 23 is arranged between the metering roller 22 and the collecting tank 3. One end of the conveying roller 21 is fixedly connected to the driving source of the frame 1.

[0041] As Figures 1 to 3 shown, a motor 6 is provided at the top of one side of the frame 1. The output shaft of the motor 6 is connected to the lead screw 7 through a coupling. The other end of the lead screw 7 is rotatably connected to the other side of the frame 1, and the thread directions on the left and right sides of the surface of the lead screw 7 are opposite. Adjusting mechanisms 8 are sleeved on the left and right sides of the surface of the lead screw 7. The adjusting mechanism 8 includes an adjusting seat 81, a pushing plate 82, and a baffle 83. The adjusting seat 81 is threadedly connected to the left and right sides of the lead screw 7. The pushing plate 82 is rotatably connected to the opposite end faces of the two adjusting seats 81. The baffle 83 is connected to the bottom of the pushing plate 82 and sleeved on the coating roller 4.

[0042] As Figure 1 、Figure 4 As shown, the push plate 82 is also connected to a detection unit 9 for monitoring the fabric. The detection unit 9 includes a protective tube 91, a clamp 92, and a photoelectric sensor 93. One end of the protective tube 91 is fixed to the side wall of the push plate facing the front of the frame 1. The clamp 92 is fixed to the other end of the protective tube 91, and the angle between the clamp 92 and the protective tube 91 is 90 degrees. The opposing end surfaces of the two clamps 92 are provided with mounting slots that extend through the top and bottom of the two clamps 92. The photoelectric sensor 93 is located on the side wall of the mounting slot and is electrically connected to the electromagnet module 101. The protective tube 91 protects the wires that electrically connect the photoelectric sensor 93 to the electromagnet module 101. The connection between the clamp 92 and the protective tube 91 enables the photoelectric sensor 93 to immediately detect the substrate entering the mounting slot, ensuring that the substrate will not be squeezed and deformed by the adjustment mechanism 8.

[0043] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, a seating groove 11 is provided on the end surface of the adjustment seat 81 relative to the push plate 82. A clutch mechanism 10 is provided in the seating groove 11 for limiting relative rotation between the adjustment seat 81 and the push plate 82. The clutch mechanism 10 includes an electromagnet module 101 and a magnetic disk 102. The electromagnet is fixed to the push plate, and the magnetic disk 102 is slidably connected to the seating groove 11. When the electromagnet module 101 is energized to generate magnetism, the magnetic disk 102 is attracted to the electromagnet module 101. Protective rods 12 are provided on both sides of the electromagnet module 101. The ends of the protective rods 12 are slidably connected to the magnetic disk 102. An elastic member, a spring 13, is sleeved on the protective rods 12. The two ends of the spring 13 respectively contact the magnetic disk 102 and the push plate 82. When the electromagnet module 101 is powered off, a gap exists between the magnetic disk 102 and the electromagnet module 101. When the electromagnet is energized to attract the disk 102, the spring 13 is compressed. When the electromagnet module 101 is de-energized, the spring 13 recovers, releasing its elastic force to push the disk 102 away from the electromagnet, creating a gap between the disk 102 and the electromagnet module 101. The cooperation between the spring 13 and the disk 102 prevents friction between the adjustment seat 81 and the electromagnet when the disk 102 rotates, which could reduce the service life of the disk 102 and the electromagnet. The protective rod 12 ensures that the spring 13 does not deform radially when compressed, but only stretches axially. The spring 13 is used as the elastic member because of its low cost and high replaceability, which reduces future maintenance costs.

[0044] like Figure 1As shown in the figure, the glue supply mechanism includes a glue pump 51, a material barrel 52, a first corrugated pipe 53, and a second corrugated pipe 54. The material barrel 52 is arranged inside the frame 1 below the motor 6. The glue pump 51 is arranged on the top of the material barrel 52. The input end of the glue pump 51 is connected to the inside of the material barrel 52 through a hose. The output end of the glue pump 51 is connected to the first corrugated pipe 53. The end of the first corrugated pipe 53 is connected to the baffle 83 on the adjacent side. The second corrugated pipe 54 is arranged between the two baffles 83. One end of the second corrugated pipe 54 is fixed to the baffle 83, and the other end of the second corrugated pipe 54 is connected to the first corrugated pipe 53. A number of leakage holes are evenly distributed axially at the bottom of the second corrugated pipe 54. The glue supply mechanism transports the coating material to the surface of the coating roller 4, making the process of transporting the coating material automated, and using the stretchability of the materials of the first corrugated pipe 53 and the second corrugated pipe 54 to replace the traditional conveying pipe, avoiding interference between the pipeline for transporting materials and the coating roller 4 when the adjusting mechanism 8 moves.

[0045] As Figure 5 As shown in the figure, the two ends of the collection tank 3 are an open end 31 and a closed end 32 respectively. The bottom height of the collection tank 3 gradually decreases from the closed end 32 to the open end 31. The open end 31 of the collection tank 3 is connected to the top of the side wall of the material barrel 52, and the open end 31 is communicated with the inside of the material barrel 52. The closed end 32 of the collection tank 3 is connected to the frame 1. The collection tank 3 collects the coating material that drips under the coating roller 4 due to gravity during the feeding process, avoiding affecting the environment of the production site. The different bottom heights of the collection tank 3 allow the coating material in the collection tank 3 to return to the material barrel 52 under the action of gravity, avoiding the need for operators to empty the collection tank 3 when it is full.

[0046] The working process of an automatic glue coating device for a PU waterproof cloth: When it is necessary to transport the coating material to the surface of the coating roller 4, the glue pump 51 is started. The glue pump 51 transports the coating material in the material barrel 52 into the first corrugated pipe 53, and then the coating material flows into the second corrugated pipe 54. Finally, the coating material drips from the leakage holes onto the surface of the coating roller 4. The conveying mechanism 2 transports the base fabric through the gap between the collection tank 3 and the coating roller 4. The fabric drives the coating roller 4 to rotate, and the coating material on the surface of the coating roller 4 will be pressed onto the surface of the fabric. When the coating of a base fabric is completed and it is necessary to replace the fabric with a different width, the operator first winds the fabric around the conveying mechanism 2, and then starts the motor 6. The motor 6 drives the lead screw 7 to rotate, and the adjustment seat 81 on the lead screw 7 is driven to rotate. At this time, since the detection unit 9 does not detect the fabric, the electromagnet module 101 is energized to adsorb the disk 102, and the spring 13 is compressed and deformed along the axis of the protection rod 12 to prevent the disk 102 from rotating with the adjustment seat 81. Since the baffle 83 is sleeved on the coating roller 4, the two adjustment seats 81 approach or move away from each other along the axis of the lead screw 7. The adjustment seat 81 pushes the push plate 82 and the baffle 83 to approach or move away from each other, and the second corrugated pipe 54 between the baffles 83 is compressed and stretched accordingly. When the detection unit 9 on one side detects the fabric, the electromagnet module 101 on this side is de-energized, and the spring 13 releases its elastic force to push the disk 102 away from the electromagnet module 101. At this time, there is a gap between the disk 102 and the electromagnet module 101. The adjustment seat 81 on this side stops moving along the axial direction of the lead screw 7 and only rotates in place. Until the detection unit 9 on the other side detects the fabric, the electromagnet module 101 on this side no longer adsorbs the disk 102, causing the adjustment seat 81 and the push plate 82 to rotate relative to each other. At this time, the center of the adjustment mechanism 8 coincides with the center of the fabric, completing the adjustment of the coating width, and the automated process of adjusting its width conforms to the production concept of high efficiency and short process.

[0047] Of course, the above are only typical examples of the present invention. In addition, the present invention can also have many other specific implementation manners. Any technical solutions formed by equivalent substitution or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims

1. An automatic glue coating device for a PU waterproof cloth, comprising a frame (1); a conveying mechanism (2) which is arranged on the frame (1) and used for transporting the cloth; a collecting tank (3) which is arranged on one side of the conveying mechanism (2) and used for placing the cloth; a coating roller (4) which is arranged above the collecting tank (3) and used for coating the cloth; there is a gap for the cloth to pass through between the coating roller (4) and the collecting tank (3); a feeding mechanism (5), a part of which is arranged above the coating roller (4) and used for dripping the coating material onto the surface of the coating roller (4); characterized in that: it further comprises a motor (6) which is arranged at the top of one side of the frame (1); a lead screw (7), one end of the lead screw (7) is connected to the output shaft of the motor (6) through a coupling, the other end of the lead screw (7) is rotatably connected to the other side of the frame (1), and the two sides of the surface of the lead screw (7) have opposite helix directions; an adjusting mechanism (8) which is sleeved on the surface of the lead screw (7) from left to right, the adjusting mechanism (8) comprises an adjusting seat (81), a pushing plate (82), and a baffle (83), the adjusting seat (81) is threadedly connected to the lead screw (7), the pushing plate (82) is rotatably connected to the opposite end faces of the two adjusting seats (81), the baffle (83) is connected to the pushing plate (82) and sleeved on the coating roller (4), and a part of the feeding mechanism (5) is arranged between the two baffles (83); a detection unit (9) which is connected to the pushing plate (82) and used for monitoring the cloth; a clutch mechanism (10) which is arranged between the adjusting seat (81) and the pushing plate (82) and used for restricting relative rotation between the adjusting seat (81) and the pushing plate (82); when the detection unit (9) monitors the cloth, under the action of the clutch mechanism (10), the adjusting seat (81) stops moving along the axial direction of the lead screw (7) and only rotates in place, and relative rotation occurs between the adjusting seat (81) and the pushing plate (82).

2. The automated glue coating device for a PU waterproof cloth according to claim 1, wherein: An installation groove (11) is formed in the end face of the adjusting seat (81) relative to the pushing plate (82), the clutch mechanism (10) comprises an electromagnet module (101) and a magnetic disk (102) located in the installation groove (11), the electromagnet module (101) is fixedly arranged on the pushing plate (82), the magnetic disk (102) is slidably connected in the installation groove (11), and when the electromagnet module (101) is energized to generate magnetism, the magnetic disk (102) is adsorbed to the electromagnet module (101).

3. An automatic glue coating device for a PU waterproof cloth according to claim 2, characterized in that: Protective rods (12) are arranged on both sides of the electromagnet module (101), the ends of the protective rods (12) are slidably connected to the magnetic disk (102), and an elastic member is sleeved on the protective rods (12), and both ends of the elastic member respectively abut against the magnetic disk (102) and the pushing plate (82). When the electromagnet module (101) is powered off, there is a gap between the magnetic disk (102) and the electromagnet module (101).

4. An automatic glue coating device for a PU waterproof cloth according to claim 3, characterized in that: The elastic member is a spring (13).

5. The automated glue coating device for a PU waterproof cloth according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection unit (9) includes a protective tube (91), a chuck (92), and a photoelectric sensor (93). One end of the protective tube (91) is fixedly arranged on the side wall of the pushing plate (82) facing the front part of the frame (1). The chuck (92) is fixed to the other end of the protective tube (91), and the included angle between the chuck (92) and the protective tube (91) is 90°. Installation grooves are formed in the opposite end faces of the two chucks (92), and the installation grooves penetrate through the top and bottom of the two chucks (92). The photoelectric sensor (93) is arranged on the side wall of the installation groove, and the photoelectric sensor (93) is electrically connected to the electromagnet module (101).

6. The automated glue coating device for a PU waterproof cloth according to claim 1, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism (5) includes a glue pump (51), a material barrel (52), a first corrugated pipe (53), and a second corrugated pipe (54). The material barrel (52) is arranged in the frame (1) below the motor (6). The glue pump (51) is arranged on the top of the material barrel (52). The input end of the glue pump (51) is connected to the inside of the material barrel (52) through a hose. The output end of the glue pump (51) is connected to the first corrugated pipe (53). The end of the first corrugated pipe (53) is connected to the adjacent baffle (83). The second corrugated pipe (54) is arranged between the two baffles (83), and one end of the second corrugated pipe (54) is fixed to the baffle (83). The other end of the second corrugated pipe (54) is connected to the first corrugated pipe (53). A plurality of leakage holes are evenly distributed axially at the bottom of the second corrugated pipe (54).

7. An automated glue coating device for a PU waterproof cloth according to claim 6, characterized in that: The two ends of the collection tank (3) are an open end (31) and a closed end (32) respectively. The open end (31) of the collection tank (3) is connected to the top of the side wall of the material barrel (52), and the open end (31) is communicated with the inside of the material barrel (52). The closed end (32) of the collection tank (3) is connected to the frame (1).

8. An automatic glue coating device for a PU waterproof cloth according to claim 7, characterized in that: The height of the bottom of the collection tank (3) gradually decreases from the closed end (32) to the open end (31).

Images