A uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench

Abstract

The present invention discloses a uniform speed controlled air-floating workbench, belonging to the field of geometric measurement. The present invention comprises a bottom sliding assembly, a high-speed speed regulating assembly, and a lightweight equipment mounting platform. The bottom sliding assembly is mounted on the top surface of a marble guide rail to realize the load-bearing transmission function of a linear motor drive combined with an air-floating transmission. The high-speed speed regulating assembly is mounted on both sides of the bottom sliding assembly, and through motor-driven opening and cylinder telescopic lifting, the overall posture change is realized, and the load size is adjusted during high-speed operation. The lightweight equipment mounting platform is mounted above the bottom sliding assembly to arrange the target to be measured and the camera assembly, and is equipped with an interferometer measuring reflector to realize calibration measurement. The present invention is used for calibrating laser trackers and related equipment of high-speed photogrammetry systems. It has a compact and reliable structure, a large operating stroke, a wide speed adjustment range, high operating accuracy, and good uniform speed stability during high-speed operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench, belonging to the field of geometric quantities. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of China's industrialization, the application of related large-scale metrology equipment is also increasing, involving various fields such as national defense, aerospace, and automobile manufacturing. The demand for daily calibration of large-scale metrology equipment such as laser trackers, laser interferometers, and high-speed photogrammetry systems is gradually increasing. Among them, the application of high-speed photogrammetry systems is increasing with the further development of technology, and has gradually become a new development direction for the calibration of large-scale equipment. Therefore, it is necessary to gradually establish a larger number and a wider range of large-scale length standard devices, especially length standard devices with a wide operating speed adjustment range. The corresponding standard devices are equipped with different forms of displacement worktables to achieve one-dimensional displacement of the measured object or measuring equipment along the standard length guide rail.

[0003] Currently, common displacement tables are implemented using the following methods. The first is a friction wheel-driven marble air-bearing guideway structure. One-dimensional displacement of the table is achieved through friction transmission between the friction wheel edge and the guideway or a dedicated friction interface. An air-bearing sliding guide is used between the displacement table and the marble guideway. The drawbacks of this implementation are that direct friction with the guideway interface is detrimental to equipment maintenance and is susceptible to wear and tear from debris. Adding a full-stroke friction guideway reduces installation space and increases costs. Furthermore, friction-driven slides require regular calibration due to friction wheel control and gradual wear, making them incapable of achieving high-precision adjustment and positioning, and lacking the relevant high-speed motion capabilities. The second method is a guideway table structure that utilizes linear motors throughout the entire length of the air-bearing guideway to achieve full-range motion. The linear motor drives the table along the horizontal guideway, and a grating is used as a standard for positioning. A drawback of this implementation is that the auxiliary air bearing supports for the drive slide are typically located on either side, placing the inverted linear motor's installation position off-center. This compromises operational stability and reduces safety. Using an optical grating as a standard can result in low-speed measurement accuracy, making it unsuitable for high-precision measurement and calibration. During high-speed motion, the load fluctuations caused by wind resistance from accessories such as drag chains can continuously affect the motor's operation, making sustained, stable high-speed operation difficult to achieve. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a uniform speed controlled air bearing worktable, which is driven by a linear motor and uses a laser interferometer or a grating ruler as a standard device to achieve one-dimensional motion along a marble guide rail. The worktable can offset the impact of load changes under high-speed motion by adjusting wind resistance, thereby achieving uniform speed stability during high-speed operation. The worktable can place optical path components and measured components within the top contour, effectively reducing the impact of resistance changes of additional components under high-speed operation. The worktable is suitable for being mounted on a marble guide rail and used for calibrating laser trackers and high-speed photogrammetry systems.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention comprises: a bottom sliding assembly, a high speed regulating assembly and a lightweight equipment mounting platform;

[0007] The bottom sliding assembly includes: side air floating blocks, top air floating blocks, guide rail mounting surfaces, speed regulating contraction slots, auxiliary air floating blocks, bottom air floating blocks, linear motor movers, grating reading heads, motor mounting plates, and reading head mounting bases;

[0008] The high-speed speed regulating assembly includes: a lower wing plate, a guide block, a lifting cylinder, an upper wing plate, a connecting shaft, a first bearing support, a nut seat, a nut, a lead screw, a second bearing support, a coupling, a drive motor, a motor mounting seat, a sliding guide rail, a sliding plate and a support mounting seat;

[0009] The lightweight equipment mounting platform includes: a camera mounting plate, a rotating shaft, a rotating block, a locking pin, a reflector adjustment shaft, a reflector, a mounting plate and a target seat;

[0010] The top air floating block is the main component of the bottom sliding assembly, and the top air floating block is mounted on the top surface of the marble guide rail, and the contact surface between the top air floating block and the marble guide rail is built-in with an air adsorption device, and the upper surface of the top air floating block is processed with the guide rail mounting surface and the speed regulation contraction groove; the guide rail mounting surface is used to mount the sliding guide rail, and the speed regulation contraction groove is used to accommodate the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate; the side air floating block is mounted on the lower left side of the top air floating block to realize side reference surface air floating; the motor mounting plate is mounted on the lower side of the side air floating block to install the bottom air floating block and the linear motor mover, and the linear motor mover is installed in the slotted position inside the marble guide rail, which is closer to the geometric center of the cross section than the side installation, and the operation is safer and more stable; the auxiliary air floating block is mounted on the right bottom of the top air floating block to adjust the left and right air floating gaps to ensure stable operation; the reading head mounting seat is mounted on one side end face of the side air floating block to install the grating reading head to realize the measurement of displacement value during operation;

[0011] The high-speed speed regulation assembly is arranged in one set on each side of the slide, and each set of the high-speed speed regulation assembly is symmetrically divided into two sets of motor drive units. Taking one set of motor drive units on half of the side as an example: the support mounting seat and the motor mounting seat are both mounted on the guide rail mounting surface, the support mounting seat fixes the first bearing support, the motor mounting seat fixes the second bearing support, the first bearing support and the second bearing support are used to fix the lead screw, and the sliding guide rail is arranged between the first bearing support and the second bearing support on the guide rail mounting surface; the end of the lead screw is connected to the fixed The output shaft of the driving motor fixed on the motor mounting seat is connected and fixed; the nut is installed on the lead screw and connected to the nut seat, and the nut seat is fixed to the sliding plate by a threaded connection; the sliding plate and the lower wing plate are fixed by the connecting shafts on both sides, and the lifting cylinder is installed on the inner side of the sliding plate, and the output shaft of the lifting cylinder is connected to the upper wing plate to provide power, and the lower wing plate is connected to the upper wing plate by the guide block to achieve guidance of up and down movement; the change of wind resistance during high-speed operation is adjusted by contracting and opening the upper and lower wing plates;

[0012] The mounting plate is the main component of the lightweight equipment mounting platform, and the mounting plate is fixed to the top surface of the top air float block by threads, and is preferably made of aluminum alloy. Two grooves are arranged in the middle of the mounting plate to accommodate the reflector under high-speed operation conditions; the reflector is mounted on the reflector adjustment shaft, and the corresponding laser interferometer is arranged on the far end table of the marble guide rail to measure the displacement value, and the bottom of the reflector adjustment shaft is screwed into the rotating block by threads, and the rotating block rotates around the rotating shaft fixed to the mounting plate; when the rotating block rotates 90°, it is fixed by the locking pin whether it is upright or fallen; a mounting groove for the target seat is arranged at one corner of the mounting plate, which is used to install the target seat in the groove and place the measuring target ball to reduce the instability caused by high-speed conditions; the camera mounting plate is installed at the other corner of the mounting plate, and the camera mounting plate is used to install camera components to meet the measurement requirements of photogrammetry;

[0013] Furthermore, the present invention provides a uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench, and the working process is as follows: first, the bottom sliding assembly is placed as a whole on the marble guide rail table, and under ventilation, the gap between the bottom air flotation block and the auxiliary air flotation block and the marble guide rail is manually adjusted to ensure the precision and stability of the overall operation of the air flotation workbench; secondly, the left and right sets of the high-speed speed regulation assemblies are installed on the guide rail mounting surfaces and the speed regulation contraction groove positions on both sides of the bottom sliding assembly to achieve load adjustment during high-speed movement; then, the lightweight equipment mounting platform is fixed to the top surface of the bottom sliding assembly, and the target to be measured, the camera assembly and the reflector are fixed, and the target to be measured suitable for the laser tracker is installed on the target base; after the above installation is completed, the linear motor mover is controlled to drive the air flotation workbench to move along the marble guide rail, the grating reading head reads the data of the grating scale, and the speed value of the air flotation workbench at any moment is obtained in real time according to the data of the grating reading head, the running wind resistance load is obtained by the speed value of the air flotation workbench, and the running wind resistance load is compared with the real-time mounting load. The present invention relates to a method for controlling the air bearing worktable to obtain a real-time total load of the air bearing worktable during operation, controlling the high-speed speed regulating assembly to automatically adjust its posture according to the change of the real-time total load of the air bearing worktable. The driving motor drives the sliding plate to extend or retract, and the cylinder drives the upper wing plate to extend or retract, thereby adjusting the air shape structure and controlling the air resistance during the high-speed operation of the air bearing worktable. This ensures that the real-time total load of the air bearing worktable is a constant value during the high-speed operation stage, thereby ensuring the stability of the high-speed operation process. During the movement of the air bearing worktable, the reflector reflects the laser interferometer light path, and the grating reading head reads the data of the grating ruler to obtain the precise displacement of the air bearing worktable in the direction of the marble guide rail at low and high speeds. In the high-speed state, the rotating block is adjusted to rotate around the rotating axis, thereby changing the posture of the reflector and making the reflector disappear into the interior of the slide, thereby reducing the impact of the resistance. The air bearing worktable moves unidirectionally along the marble guide rail, and the readings of the grating ruler and the laser tracker or camera assembly are respectively read and compared and analyzed, thereby achieving the calibration of the laser tracker or high-speed photogrammetry system.

[0014] Beneficial effects:

[0015] 1. The bottom sliding assembly of the uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention is provided with a guide rail mounting surface for mounting the sliding guide rail and a speed regulating retracting groove for accommodating the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, which can effectively save space.

[0016] 2. The linear motor mover of the uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention is installed in the slotted position inside the marble guide rail, which is closer to the geometric center of the cross section compared to the side installation, making the operation safer and more stable; the auxiliary air flotation block is installed at the right bottom of the top air flotation block, and the left and right air flotation gaps can be adjusted to ensure stable and reliable operation.

[0017] 3. The uniform speed controlled air bearing workbench of the present invention adopts a grating ruler reading head to read grating data, which can meet the measurement of displacement values ​​in high, medium and low speed processes.

[0018] 4. The high-speed speed regulating components of the uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention are installed on both sides of the bottom sliding component. The change of the wind resistance during high-speed operation is adjusted by the extension and opening of the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate, which effectively controls the change of the operating load of the slide under high-speed operation conditions so that it can move stably and at a uniform speed.

[0019] 5. The reflector of the lightweight equipment mounting platform of the uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention is adjusted and accommodated by rotation, ensuring stability and reliability under high-speed operation conditions; a sunken target seat is adopted to reduce the unstable effect of high-speed conditions on the target ball; and a camera mounting plate is configured to install a high-speed camera to meet the relevant requirements of high-speed photogrammetry. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of a uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom sliding assembly of a uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of a high-speed speed regulating assembly of a uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a structural diagram of a lightweight equipment installation platform for a uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the overall operation of a uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the present invention;

[0025] Among them, 1-linear motor stator, 2-marble guide rail, 3-bottom sliding assembly, 4-measured target, 5-high-speed speed control assembly, 6-light equipment mounting table, 7-grating reading head, 8-reflector, 9-camera assembly, 10-side air floating block, 11-top air floating block, 12-guide rail mounting surface, 13-speed control shrinkage groove, 14-auxiliary air floating block, 15-bottom air floating block, 16-linear motor mover, 17-motor mounting plate, 18-reading head mounting seat, 19-lower wing plate, 20-guide block, 21 —Lifting cylinder, 22—upper wing plate, 23—connecting shaft, 24—first bearing support, 25—nut seat, 26—nut, 27—screw, 28—second bearing support, 29—coupling, 30—drive motor, 31—motor mounting seat, 32—sliding guide rail, 33—sliding plate, 34—support mounting seat, 35—camera mounting plate, 36—rotating shaft, 37—rotating block, 38—locking pin, 39—reflector adjustment shaft, 40—reflector, 41—mounting plate, 42—target seat, 43—grating scale. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] In order to better illustrate the purpose and advantages of the present invention, the invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

[0027] Example 1:

[0028] like Figure 1 As shown, a uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench of the embodiment includes: a bottom sliding assembly 3, a high speed regulating assembly 5 and a lightweight equipment mounting platform 6;

[0029] The bottom sliding assembly 3 is placed on the marble guide rail 2, and is in an air-floating guided sliding form with the marble guide rail 2, so as to realize the unidirectional precision movement of the air-floating workbench; the bottom sliding assembly 3 and the marble guide rail 2 are driven by a linear motor, and the linear motor is installed in the groove provided on the inner side of the marble guide rail 2, so as to realize the working process of the air-floating workbench moving at a uniform speed along the direction of the marble guide rail 2; the grating reading head 7 is installed on the side of the bottom sliding assembly 3, and in the process of the movement of the air-floating workbench, the data of the grating ruler 43 installed on the side of the marble guide rail 2 is read in real time to realize the motion position. Precise control of movement; high-speed speed regulating components 5 are installed on both sides of the bottom sliding component 3. Through mechanical adjustment of the high-speed speed regulating component 5, the load of the air-floating workbench in high-speed motion is changed, and the load change caused by the air-floating workbench towing chain is balanced to ensure the stability of the operating state; the lightweight equipment mounting platform 6 is installed on the top mounting surface of the bottom sliding component 3, which is used for the tight installation of the target 4 to be measured or the camera component 9; a hidden target base mounting groove is provided in one corner of the lightweight equipment mounting platform 6 to install the target 4 to be measured, and a camera component 9 is installed in the other corner to facilitate the verification and calibration of various different equipment;

[0030] The center portion of the lightweight equipment mounting platform 6 has two slots for accommodating the three-path reflector 40 under high-speed operation conditions, ensuring that the reflector 40 is not easily accommodated under measurement conditions during high-speed operation, thereby improving operational stability.

[0031] like Figure 2 As shown, the bottom sliding assembly 3 includes: side air floating blocks 10, top air floating blocks 11, guide rail mounting surface 12, speed regulating contraction groove 13, auxiliary air floating blocks 14, bottom air floating blocks 15, linear motor mover 16, grating reading head 7, motor mounting plate 17 and reading head mounting base 18;

[0032] The top air-floating block 11 is installed on the top surface of the marble guide rail 2 and realizes movement by air adsorption. The side air-floating block 10 is installed on the lower left side of the top air-floating block 11 to complete the auxiliary air-floating movement on the inside. A motor mounting plate 17 is installed on the bottom surface of the side air-floating block 10. The motor mounting plate 17 is connected to the bottom air-floating block 15 and the linear motor mover 16 respectively. The internal auxiliary air-floating movement is completed by the bottom air-floating 15 blocks, and the linear motion is driven by the linear motor mover 16. The auxiliary air-floating block 14 is installed on the right bottom of the top air-floating block 11. The left and right air-floating gaps are adjusted to ensure stable and reliable operation. The guide rail mounting surface 12 and the speed-regulating shrinkage groove 13 are processed on the top of the top air-floating block 11. The guide rail mounting surface 12 is used to install the sliding guide rail 32, and the speed-regulating shrinkage groove 13 is used to accommodate the upper wing plate and the lower wing plate. The reading head mounting seat 18 is installed on one side end face of the side air-floating block 10. The reading head mounting seat 18 is used to install the grating reading head 7 to realize the measurement of the displacement value during operation.

[0033] like Figure 3 As shown, the high-speed speed regulating assembly 5 includes: a lower wing plate 19, a guide block 20, a lifting cylinder 21, an upper wing plate 22, a connecting shaft 23, a first bearing support 24, a nut seat 25, a nut 26, a lead screw 27, a second bearing support 28, a coupling 29, a drive motor 30, a motor mounting seat 31, a sliding guide rail 32, a sliding plate 33 and a support mounting seat 34;

[0034] Each air flotation workbench is equipped with two sets of high-speed speed regulating components 5 on the left and right. Taking one side as an example, the two sets of support mounting seats 34 and the motor mounting seat 31 are both mounted on the guide rail mounting surface 12. The first bearing support 24 and the second bearing support 28 are respectively mounted on the support mounting seat 34 and the top surface of the motor mounting seat 31. The screw 27 is fixed between the first bearing support 24 and the second bearing support 28. The middle bottom of the screw 27 is installed with a sliding guide rail 32 on the guide rail mounting surface 12; the drive motor 30 is fixedly mounted on the motor mounting seat 31. The output shaft of the drive motor 30 is fixedly connected to the end of the lead screw 27 via a coupling 29; the nut 26 is mounted on the lead screw 27 and fixedly connected to the nut holder 25, which is fixedly connected to the sliding plate 33 via threads; the sliding plate 33 is fixed to both sides of the lower wing plate 19 via connecting shafts 23; the lifting cylinder 21 is mounted on the inner side of the sliding plate 33, and the output shaft of the cylinder 21 is connected to the upper wing plate 22 to provide power. The lower wing plate and the upper wing plate are connected via a guide block 20 to achieve up and down guided movement, completing the posture change adjustment function;

[0035] like Figure 4 As shown, the lightweight equipment mounting platform 6 includes: a camera mounting plate 35, a rotating shaft 36, a rotating block 37, a locking pin 38, a reflector adjustment shaft 39, a reflector 40, a mounting plate 41 and a target base 42;

[0036] In the embodiment, the mounting plate 41 is made of aluminum alloy and is fixedly connected to the top surface of the top air flotation block 11 by screws; two sets of rotating shafts 36 are installed in the middle slot of the mounting plate 41, and the rotating block 37 is installed on the rotating shaft 36, and the rotating block 37 rotates around the rotating shaft 36; when the rotating block 37 rotates 90 degrees, it is fixed by the locking pin 38 whether it is standing up or falling down; the matching laser interferometer is usually arranged on the far end table of the marble guide rail (2), and the bottom of the reflector adjustment shaft 39 is screwed into the rotating block 37 by screws, and the reflector The mirror adjustment shaft 39 rotates around the rotating shaft 36 along with the rotating block 37, and realizes two fixing modes of horizontal and vertical through the pin hole on the rotating block 37 and the mounting plate 41; the target seat 42 is installed in the target seat mounting groove at one corner of the mounting plate 41, and the target 4 to be measured is placed on the target seat 42 to meet the calibration requirements of the tracker; the camera mounting plate 35 is installed at the other corner of the mounting plate 41 to install the camera assembly 9, and the corresponding photogrammetry test piece is placed on the marble guide rail (2) table just below the camera assembly (9) to meet the measurement requirements of photogrammetry;

[0037] like Figure 5As shown, the working process of the air flotation workbench of the embodiment is as follows: first, the bottom sliding assembly 3 is placed as a whole on the marble guide rail 2 table. Under ventilation, the gap between the bottom air flotation block 15 and the auxiliary air flotation block 14 and the marble guide rail 2 is manually adjusted by feeler gauge to make the running gap less than 0.2mm, thereby ensuring the precision and stability of the overall operation of the air flotation workbench; then, the left and right sets of high-speed speed regulating assemblies 5 are installed on the guide rail mounting surface 12 and the speed regulating shrinkage groove 13 on both sides of the bottom sliding assembly 3 to achieve load adjustment during high-speed movement; then, the lightweight equipment mounting platform 3 is installed on the top surface of the bottom sliding assembly 3 and connected by thread. Connect and fix to complete the fixation of the measured target 4, camera assembly 9, and reflector 40; after the above installation is completed, drive the linear motor mover 16 to move the air-floating workbench along the marble guide rail 2, and the grating reading head 7 reads the data of the grating ruler 43, and obtains the speed value at any moment in real time from the grating data. The running wind resistance load is obtained by the speed value, and is accumulated with the real-time mounting load to obtain the real-time total load of the current air-floating workbench operation. By controlling the high-speed speed regulating assembly 5, the posture is automatically adjusted according to the change of the real-time total load of the air-floating workbench to ensure that the load of the air-floating workbench is constant during high-speed operation, and the sliding plate 33 is driven outward by the driving motor 30. The air cylinder 21 drives the upper wing plate 22 to extend or retract, adjusts the air shape structure, controls the air resistance, ensures that the real-time total load of the air-floating workbench is constant in the high-speed operation stage, and the compensation deviation of the total load of the air-floating workbench is less than 10N, which can effectively ensure the stability of the operation process; during the movement of the air-floating workbench, the displacement data is obtained by reflecting the laser interferometer light path arranged at the far end of the marble guide rail (2) through the reflector 40, and the grating reading head 7 reads the data of the grating ruler 43, thereby obtaining the precise displacement of the workbench in the low and high-speed states along the direction of the marble guide rail 2. At a high speed greater than 4m / s, by adjusting the rotation The block 37 is mounted on the reflector 40 so that it rotates around the rotating shaft 36, and the installation posture of the reflector 40 is changed so that it is hidden inside the slide to reduce the influence of the resistance; the target 4 is mounted on the target base 42, and the slide moves unidirectionally along the marble guide rail 2, and the readings of the grating scale 43 or the laser interferometer and the laser tracker are read respectively for comparative analysis to realize the metrological calibration of the laser tracker; the camera assembly 9 is mounted on the camera mounting plate 35, and the slide moves unidirectionally along the marble guide rail 2, and the readings of the grating scale 43 or the laser interferometer and the camera assembly 9 are read respectively for comparative analysis to realize the metrological calibration of the photogrammetric measurement equipment.

[0038] The above specific description further illustrates the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the invention in detail. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench, characterized by: include: A bottom sliding assembly (3), a high-speed speed regulating assembly (5), and a lightweight equipment mounting platform (6); The bottom sliding assembly (3) includes: a side air floating block (10), a top air floating block (11), a guide rail mounting surface (12), a speed regulating contraction groove (13), an auxiliary air floating block (14), a bottom air floating block (15), a linear motor mover (16), a grating reading head (7), a motor mounting plate (17) and a reading head mounting seat (18); The high-speed speed regulating assembly (5) comprises: a lower wing plate (19), a guide block (20), a lifting cylinder (21), an upper wing plate (22), a connecting shaft (23), a first bearing support (24), a nut seat (25), a nut (26), a lead screw (27), a second bearing support (28), a coupling (29), a driving motor (30), a motor mounting seat (31), a sliding guide rail (32), a sliding plate (33) and a support mounting seat (34); The lightweight equipment mounting platform (6) comprises: a camera mounting plate (35), a rotating shaft (36), a rotating block (37), a locking pin (38), a reflector adjustment shaft (39), a reflector (40), a mounting plate (41) and a target seat (42); The top air-floating block (11) is installed on the top surface of the marble guide rail (2) and realizes movement by air adsorption. The side air-floating block (10) is installed below the left side of the top air-floating block (11) to complete the auxiliary air-floating movement on the inside. A motor mounting plate (17) is installed on the bottom surface of the side air-floating block (10). The motor mounting plate (17) is respectively connected to the bottom air-floating block (15) and the linear motor mover (16). The internal auxiliary air-floating movement is completed by the bottom air-floating block (15), and the linear motion is driven by the linear motor mover (16). The auxiliary air-floating block (14) The utility model is installed at the right bottom of the top air-floating block (11), and the left and right air-floating gaps are adjusted to ensure stable and reliable operation. The top of the top air-floating block (11) is processed with a guide rail mounting surface (12) and a speed-regulating contraction groove (13). The guide rail mounting surface (12) is used to install the sliding guide rail (32), and the speed-regulating contraction groove (13) is used to accommodate the upper wing plate (22) and the lower wing plate (19). The reading head mounting seat (18) is installed on one side end surface of the side air-floating block (10), and the grating reading head (7) is installed on the reading head mounting seat (18) to realize the measurement of the displacement value during operation. Each air-floating workbench is provided with two sets of left and right high-speed speed regulating components (5). Taking one side as an example, two sets of support mounting seats (34) and motor mounting seats (31) are mounted on the guide rail mounting surface (12). The first bearing support (24) and the second bearing support (28) are mounted on the top surfaces of the support mounting seat (34) and the motor mounting seat (31) respectively. The lead screw (27) is fixed between the first bearing support (24) and the second bearing support (28). The middle bottom of the lead screw (27) is provided with a sliding guide rail (32) on the guide rail mounting surface (12); the drive motor (30) is fixedly mounted on the motor mounting seat (31). The drive motor ( The output shaft of the lifting cylinder (30) is fixedly connected to the end of the lead screw (27) through a coupling (29); the nut (26) is installed on the lead screw (27) and fixedly connected to the nut seat (25), and the nut seat (25) is fixedly connected to the sliding plate (33) through a thread; the sliding plate (33) is fixed to both sides of the lower wing plate (19) through a connecting shaft (23); the lifting cylinder (21) is installed on the inner side of the sliding plate (33), and the output shaft of the lifting cylinder (21) is connected to the upper wing plate (22) to provide power, and the lower wing plate (19) and the upper wing plate (22) are connected through a guide block (20) to achieve up and down guiding movement and complete the posture change adjustment function; The mounting plate (41) is fixedly connected to the top surface of the top air flotation block (11) by screw thread; two sets of rotating shafts (36) are installed in the middle slot of the mounting plate (41), and the rotating block (37) is installed on the rotating shaft (36). The rotating block (37) rotates around the rotating shaft (36); when the rotating block (37) rotates 90 degrees, it is fixed by the locking pin (38) regardless of whether it is upright or down; the bottom of the reflector adjustment shaft (39) is screwed into the rotating block (37) by screw thread, and the reflector adjustment shaft ( 39) rotates around the rotating shaft (36) along with the rotating block (37), and realizes two fixing modes of horizontal and vertical fixation through the pin hole on the rotating block (37) and the mounting plate (41); the target base (42) is installed in the target base mounting groove at one corner of the mounting plate (41), and the target (4) to be measured is placed on the target base (42) to meet the calibration requirements of the tracker; a camera mounting plate (35) is installed at the other corner of the mounting plate (41) to install the camera assembly (9) to meet the measurement requirements of photogrammetry; The bottom sliding assembly (3) is placed on the marble guide rail (2), and is in an air-floating guided sliding form with the marble guide rail (2), so as to realize the unidirectional precision movement of the air-floating workbench; the bottom sliding assembly (3) and the marble guide rail (2) are driven by a linear motor, and the linear motor is installed in a groove provided on the inner side of the marble guide rail (2), so as to realize the working process of the air-floating workbench moving at a uniform speed along the direction of the marble guide rail (2); the grating reading head (7) is installed on the side of the bottom sliding assembly (3), and reads the grating ruler (43) installed on the side of the marble guide rail (2) or the laser ruler installed on the far end table of the marble guide rail (2) in real time during the movement of the air-floating workbench. The optical interferometer data is used to realize the precise control of motion displacement; the high-speed speed regulating assembly (5) is installed on both sides of the bottom sliding assembly (3); through the mechanical adjustment of the high-speed speed regulating assembly (5), the load of the air-floating workbench in high-speed motion is changed, and the load change caused by the air-floating workbench towing drag chain is balanced to ensure the stability of the running state; the lightweight equipment mounting platform (6) is installed on the top mounting surface of the bottom sliding assembly (3) and is used for the tight installation of the target to be measured (4) or the camera assembly (9); a hidden target seat mounting groove is provided in one corner of the lightweight equipment mounting platform (6) for installing the target to be measured (4), and the camera assembly (9) is installed in the other corner, which is convenient for implementing the verification and calibration of various different equipment.

2. The uniform speed controlled air flotation workbench according to claim 1, characterized in that: First, the bottom sliding assembly (3) is placed as a whole on the marble guide rail (2) table. Under ventilation, the gap between the bottom air float block (15) and the auxiliary air float block (14) and the marble guide rail (2) is manually adjusted to ensure the precision and stability of the overall operation of the air float workbench. Secondly, the left and right sets of high-speed speed regulating assemblies (5) are installed on the guide rail mounting surfaces (12) and the speed regulating contraction groove (13) on both sides of the bottom sliding assembly (3) to achieve load adjustment during high-speed movement. Then, the lightweight equipment mounting table (6) is fixed to the top surface of the bottom sliding assembly (3), the camera assembly (9) is installed on the camera mounting plate (35), and the corresponding photogrammetry test piece is placed on the marble guide rail (2) table just below the camera assembly (9); the reflector (40) is installed on the reflector adjustment shaft (39), and the matching laser interferometer is arranged on the far end table of the marble guide rail (2) to read the displacement value, which is suitable for the target (4) of the laser tracker. Installed on the target base (42); after the above installation is completed, the linear motor mover (16) is controlled to drive the air-floating workbench to move along the marble guide rail (2), the grating reading head (7) reads the data of the grating ruler, and according to the data of the grating reading head (7) or the measurement data of the laser interferometer, the speed value of the air-floating workbench at any moment is obtained in real time, the running wind resistance load is obtained by the speed value of the air-floating workbench, the running wind resistance load is added to the real-time mounting load, and the real-time total load of the current air-floating workbench operation is obtained, and the high-speed speed regulating component (5) is controlled to automatically adjust the posture according to the change of the real-time total load of the air-floating workbench, and the sliding plate (33) is driven to extend or retract by the driving motor (30), and the lifting cylinder (21) drives the upper wing plate (22) to extend or retract, and adjust the air shape structure, and control the air resistance during the high-speed operation of the air-floating workbench, so as to ensure that the real-time total load of the air-floating workbench operation is a constant value in the high-speed operation stage, thereby ensuring the stability of the high-speed operation process; During the movement of the air-floating workbench, a laser interferometer is arranged on the far-end table of the marble guide rail (2), and laser interferometer data is obtained by reflecting the laser interferometer light path through a reflector (40) or reading the grating ruler data through a grating reading head (7), so as to determine the precise displacement of the air-floating workbench moving along the marble guide rail (2) in low-speed and high-speed states. In the high-speed state, the rotating block (37) is adjusted to rotate around the rotating shaft (36), thereby changing the posture of the reflector (40) and making the reflector (40) disappear inside the slide, thereby reducing the influence of resistance. The air-floating workbench moves unidirectionally along the marble guide rail (2), and the displayed values ​​of the grating ruler or laser interferometer and the laser tracker or camera assembly are respectively read for comparative analysis, thereby realizing the calibration of the laser tracker or high-speed photogrammetry system.

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