A self-restoring tri-stable system

Abstract

The application provides a self-restoration tri-stable system, belonging to the technical field of shockproof, comprising a compression type element and a tension type element, one end of the compression type element is connected with one end of the tension type element, and the compression type element and the tension type element are arranged on the same straight line. The application has the characteristics of strong energy dissipation capacity, superior performance, low cost, convenient installation and the like, optimizes the traditional metal damper device, and makes the device have the multi-stable switching and structural reset performance. The multi-stable switching of the structure allows the structure to have a large deformation, so that the structure obtains a larger hysteresis deformation to dissipate external input energy. The unstable displacement existing in the back and forth switching of the stable state also effectively improves the energy dissipation performance of the structure, so that the seismic response of the structure is more effectively reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of shockproof technology, and particularly relates to a self-recovery tri-stable system. BACKGROUND

[0002] Many places in China are in the earthquake-prone zone, and a large earthquake causes great damage to traditional buildings. Improving the seismic capacity of buildings is a problem that needs to be solved urgently, and is directly related to the reliability and safety of buildings. Although science and technology are developing rapidly today, the magnitude, epicenter and occurrence time of earthquakes cannot be accurately predicted. Under the action of strong earthquakes, structural members will be damaged and even ultimately lead to the collapse of the whole structure, causing economic losses and casualties. Earthquakes not only cause direct economic losses to buildings and infrastructure, but also indirect economic losses in terms of temporary production stoppage or reduction. Even though the anti-seismic technology has developed well today, the seismic performance of houses has been effectively improved, and the situation of casualties caused by earthquakes has improved, but the economic losses and social impact caused by an earthquake are still huge. Therefore, it is indispensable to consider that the structure has certain seismic performance and post-earthquake repair performance during the construction process. The damper with energy dissipation and shock absorption effect is widely recognized in the industry today, and the metal damper is widely used in engineering because of its strong energy dissipation capacity, superior performance and convenient installation and replacement. However, the traditional metal damper mainly relies on the repeated plastic deformation of its energy dissipation component to consume the external input energy to protect the main body. The energy dissipation performance of the metal damper is limited by the material, and the shock absorption effect in the structure application is very limited, and the post-earthquake residual deformation of the house cannot be effectively controlled. Therefore, the traditional metal damper cannot fundamentally solve the problem. The present application combines the design concept of mechanical metamaterials and proposes a kind of energy dissipation and shock absorption device based on self-recovery tri-stable structure. The device can solve the two problems of structural seismic mentioned above. Specifically, through the multi-stable design of the damper structure, the structure has the switching performance between stable states, so that the damper can deform greatly under the action of external load to more efficiently consume the external input energy, thereby improving the seismic performance of the main structure. In addition, the automatic reset function of the structure is added, which greatly reduces the post-earthquake residual deformation of the structure and effectively improves the post-earthquake repairability of the structure.

[0003] In the existing damper, the metal damper is a kind of shock absorber with low manufacturing cost, stable hysteresis performance, high energy dissipation capacity, superior performance, convenient installation and replacement and other characteristics, which can effectively consume the energy input by the earthquake and reduce the seismic response of the structure. The energy dissipation principle of the metal damper is that the damper enters the plastic stage earlier than the structure, and the energy dissipation component in the damper deforms plastically to consume the energy input by the main structure to protect the structure from being damaged. However, the traditional metal damper is generally difficult to achieve high-efficiency seismic effect due to the limitation of energy dissipation component, and has poor fatigue performance, so it needs to be replaced frequently after the earthquake, otherwise it may be threatened by aftershocks. In addition, the traditional metal damper usually has a large residual deformation after the earthquake, which makes it difficult to repair the structure after the earthquake.

[0004] In addition, although domestic and foreign researchers have carried out a large number of optimization researches on metal dampers, most of these optimizations are only in the replacement of the energy dissipation materials of the original damper or the design of the size, shape and deformation mode of the materials. The energy dissipation performance of the optimized metal damper is not significantly improved, and the cost and manufacturing difficulty of the damper are also increased. Compared with the traditional damper, the metal damper based on the self-restoring three-stable structure allows the structure to deform greatly by using the switching of its own stable state, realizes more efficient energy dissipation performance, and reduces the seismic response of the structure. By using the self-restoring property of the damper structure, the damper has the characteristics of fast response and repeated use, and greatly reduces the residual deformation of the structure after the earthquake, effectively improving the repairability of the structure. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a kind of based on self-restoring three-stable system, solve the technical problems mentioned in the prior art. The research and development purpose of the energy consumption device based on the self-restoring three-stable structure is to optimize the design of the original metal damper, so that it has more efficient energy dissipation performance, and has the ability to reduce the residual deformation of the structure, and finally solves the problems of low seismic performance of building structure and high difficulty of post-earthquake repair.

[0006] In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the present application is as follows:

[0007] Embodiment 1:

[0008] A kind of based on self-restoring three-stable system, including compression type component and tensile type component, one end of compression type component and one end of tensile type component are connected, compression type component and tensile type component are arranged on the same straight line, when external compression pressure is generated, compression type component compresses deformation to absorb the energy of external compression pressure, when external compression pressure disappears, compression type component automatically restores the original state, when external tensile tension is generated, tensile type component stretches deformation to absorb the energy of external tensile tension, when external tensile tension disappears, tensile type component automatically restores the original state.

[0009] Furthermore, the compression element includes a built-in slider, a sliding deformation rod device, a compression spring, and a sleeve. The compression spring is disposed inside the sleeve, with one end connected to the inner bottom of the sleeve and the other end connected to the built-in slider. The built-in slider is slidably disposed inside the sleeve. One end of the sliding deformation rod device is connected to the built-in slider, and the other end is connected to the outside of the sleeve.

[0010] Furthermore, the compression element sliding deformation rod device includes a compression element flexible rod, a compression element side protrusion, a compression element force-bearing slide, and a compression element rolling bearing. The compression element side protrusion is disposed on both sides of the compression element sleeve, the compression element force-bearing slide is disposed on the compression element side protrusion, the compression element rolling bearing is disposed at both ends of the compression element flexible rod and is disposed inside the compression element force-bearing slide, and the middle position of the compression element flexible rod is connected to the compression element built-in slider.

[0011] Furthermore, the flexible rod of the compression element is configured as a frame structure, which includes two vertical rods and a horizontal rod of the compression element. The two ends of the horizontal rod are respectively connected to one end of the two vertical rods of the compression element, and the other ends of the two vertical rods of the compression element are connected to the rolling bearing of the compression element and are set in the force-bearing slide of the compression element.

[0012] Furthermore, the force-bearing slide of the compression element is set as a semi-circular groove structure, and in the initial state, the rolling bearing of the compression element is set at the left end of the semi-circular groove structure.

[0013] Furthermore, the stretching element includes a stretching element slider, a stretching element sleeve, a stretching element sliding deformation rod device, and a stretching element tension spring. The stretching element tension spring is disposed inside the stretching element sleeve, with one end connected to the inner bottom of the stretching element sleeve and the other end connected to the stretching element slider. The stretching element slider is slidably disposed inside the stretching element sleeve. One end of the stretching element sliding deformation rod device is connected to the stretching element slider, and the other end of the stretching element sliding deformation rod device is connected to the outside of the stretching element sleeve.

[0014] Furthermore, the sliding deformation rod device for the stretching element includes a flexible rod for the stretching element, side protrusions for the stretching element, a force-bearing slide for the stretching element, and rolling bearings for the stretching element. The side protrusions for the stretching element are disposed on both sides of the sleeve of the stretching element, the force-bearing slide for the stretching element is disposed on the side protrusions for the stretching element, the rolling bearings for the stretching element are disposed at both ends of the flexible rod for the stretching element, and the rolling bearings for the stretching element are disposed within the force-bearing slide for the stretching element. The middle part of the flexible rod for the stretching element is connected to the slider of the stretching element.

[0015] Furthermore, the structure of the stretching element flexible rod is the same as that of the compression element flexible rod, and both the stretching element flexible rod and the compression element flexible rod are made of shape memory metal.

[0016] Furthermore, the force-bearing slide of the tension element is set as a semi-circular groove structure, and in the initial state, the rolling bearing of the tension element is set at the right end of the semi-circular groove structure.

[0017] A self-restoring tristable system includes an internal slider, a sleeve, a flexible rod, side protrusions, a rolling bearing, a compression force-bearing slide, a tension force-bearing slide, a sleeve, and a spring. The spring is disposed inside the sleeve, with one end connected to the bottom inner side of the sleeve and the other end connected to one end of the internal slider. The internal slider is slidably disposed within the sleeve. Side protrusions are disposed on both sides of the sleeve. Both the compression and tension force-bearing slides are disposed on the side protrusions and are connected to each other. The rolling bearing is disposed at the connection point between the compression and tension force-bearing slides. The rolling bearing can slide within either the compression or tension slide. Both ends of the flexible rod are connected to the rolling bearing, and the middle of the flexible rod is connected to the built-in slider. When external compression pressure is generated, the rolling bearing moves to the right end of the compression slide, and the flexible rod compresses and deforms to absorb the energy of the external compression pressure. When the external compression pressure disappears, the flexible rod automatically returns to its original state. When external tension force is generated, the rolling bearing moves to the left end of the tension slide, and the flexible rod stretches and deforms to absorb the energy of the external tension force. When the external tension force disappears, the flexible rod automatically returns to its original state.

[0018] The present invention, by adopting the above-described technical solution, has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This invention features high energy dissipation capacity, superior performance, low cost, and convenient installation. It optimizes traditional metal damper devices, enabling them to possess multi-steady-state switching and structural reset capabilities. The multi-steady-state switching allows for significant structural deformation, resulting in greater hysteretic deformation to dissipate external energy input. The unstable displacements present during steady-state switching also effectively improve the structure's energy dissipation performance, thereby achieving a more effective reduction in seismic response. Furthermore, the structural reset design allows the structure to return to its original state after an earthquake, enabling it to quickly adapt to the next load-bearing event and significantly reducing residual deformation after an earthquake. This multi-steady-state deformation and reset design is highly suitable for seismic resistance, effectively improving both the seismic energy dissipation performance and the repairability of the structure. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the tristable system of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second embodiment of the tristable system of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 3 This is a diagram illustrating the deformation process of the compressible bistable element of the present invention under load;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a diagram illustrating the reset process of the compressed bistable element of this invention.

[0024] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the steady-state switching structure of the first embodiment of the tristable system of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 6 This is a structural layout diagram of the first embodiment of the tristable system of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the external load acting on the compression-type bistable element of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 8 This is a force history diagram of the compression-type bistable element spring of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 9 This is a force history diagram of the flexible rod of the present invention.

[0029] In the attached diagram, 1-external connector of the compression element, 2-inner slider of the compression element, 3-flexible rod of the compression element, 4-side protrusion of the compression element, 5-force-bearing slide of the compression element, 6-rolling bearing of the compression element, 7-compression spring of the compression element, 8-sleeve of the compression element, 9-connector of the tension element, 10-slider of the tension element, 11-sleeve of the tension element, 12-side protrusion of the tension element, 13-rolling bearing of the tension element, 14-force-bearing slide of the tension element, 15-tension spring of the tension element, 16-external connector, 17-inner slider, 18-front end of sleeve, 19-flexible rod, 20-side protrusion, 21-rolling bearing, 22-force-bearing slide of compression, 23-force-bearing slide of tension, 24-sleeve, 25-spring, 26-flexible rod of the tension element. Detailed Implementation

[0030] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. However, it should be noted that many details listed in the specification are merely to provide the reader with a thorough understanding of one or more aspects of the present invention, and these aspects of the invention can be implemented even without these specific details.

[0031] like Figure 1 and Figures 3-9 As shown, a self-restoring tristable system includes a compressive element and a tensile element. One end of the compressive element is connected to one end of the tensile element, and the two elements are arranged on the same straight line. When external compressive pressure is generated, the compressive element compresses and deforms to absorb the energy of the external compressive pressure. When the external compressive pressure disappears, the compressive element automatically returns to its original state. When external tensile force is generated, the tensile element stretches and deforms to absorb the energy of the external tensile force. When the external tensile force disappears, the tensile element automatically returns to its original state. The function of the compressive element is to deform when the structure is subjected to pressure, and the function of the tensile element is to deform when subjected to tension.

[0032] In this embodiment of the invention, the compression element includes a built-in slider 2, a sliding deformation rod device, a compression spring 7, and a sleeve 8. The compression spring 7 is disposed inside the sleeve 8, with one end connected to the bottom inner side of the sleeve 8 and the other end connected to the built-in slider 2. The built-in slider 2 is slidably disposed inside the sleeve 8. One end of the sliding deformation rod device is connected to the built-in slider 2, and the other end is connected to the outside of the sleeve 8.

[0033] Two flexible rods are welded to both ends of the slider. These flexible rods are key components for switching between two steady states. Different degrees of bending deformation need to be designed according to the structural energy consumption requirements. Therefore, the material selection for this part requires a large degree of deformation and the ability to return to its original shape after unloading. Shape memory metal should be given priority, followed by mild steel. Square steel with sufficient strength is sufficient for the slider material. 2. The outer sleeve assembly consists of a sleeve and a constraint bending member. They can be fabricated separately and then welded together. Both materials need to have the characteristic of not being easily deformed. Hard steel with sufficient strength and stiffness can be selected. 3. Springs include both tension springs and compression springs. Ring springs are selected, and carbon steel is used as the material, as it has a good elastic limit. 4. External connecting parts are components that connect to the main structure for easy addition or replacement. 5. Rolling bearings are located at the ends of the flexible rods and contact the constraint bending member to prevent frictional damage between the flexible rods and the constraint bending member. These components form two tristable elements: a compression-type bistable element and a tension-type bistable element. The compression-type bistable element consists of an external connector, a rolling bearing, a sliding assembly, an outer sleeve assembly, and a compression spring.

[0034] In this embodiment of the invention, the compression element sliding deformation rod device includes a compression element flexible rod 3, a compression element side protrusion 4, a compression element force-bearing slide 5, and a compression element rolling bearing 6. The compression element side protrusion 4 is disposed on both sides of the compression element sleeve 8, the compression element force-bearing slide 5 is disposed on the compression element side protrusion 4, the compression element rolling bearing 6 is disposed at both ends of the compression element flexible rod 3, and the compression element rolling bearing 6 is disposed inside the compression element force-bearing slide 5. The middle position of the compression element flexible rod 3 is connected to the compression element built-in slider 2.

[0035] Under external pressure, the sliding assembly and the sleeve assembly move relative to each other. During this process, the flexible rod and the spring deform due to the combined action of both. The spring, in particular, is compressed by the slider and the sleeve, maintaining a compressive deformation (u) throughout the process. Simultaneously, the spring generates an outward reaction tension at both ends, such as... Figure 8 As shown, during the entire process of being subjected to force, u increases with the increase of the external load F, and the reaction tension of the spring also increases.

[0036] As the slider assembly and sleeve assembly move relative to each other, the flexible rod comes into contact with the constrained bending member and undergoes bending deformation under its constraint, as shown in the following process. Figure 9 As shown, during the process, the flexible rod is subjected to a reaction force F2 from the constrained bending member, such as... Figure 7As shown, F2 is a vestibular force centered on the center of the semicircular groove constraining the bending member. When applied to the end of the flexible rod, it forms a horizontal force Fx in opposite directions and a vertical force Fy that causes the flexible rod to bend. The direction of the vestibular force F2 also changes with the displacement of the rod end. It can be seen that the initial angle θ must be set appropriately to facilitate the bending of the flexible rod.

[0037] When the external load begins to unload, the structure begins to reset due to the reaction force of the spring. During this process, the external load and the spring's reaction force are opposite in direction and in the same direction, but both are decreasing processes. Similarly, the reaction force of the constrained bending member on the flexible rod changes in the same reverse order.

[0038] Taking structural compression as an example, when an external load is applied to a frame structure, the frame structure is connected to both ends of a compressible bistable element via rigid rods, transferring the external load to both ends of the compressible bistable element. At this time, the element is under pressure. The pressure on the left side is transferred to the internal slider through an external connector, and the slider then transfers the force to the flexible rod. Thus, the entire left slider assembly experiences a force to the right, and similarly, the entire right sleeve assembly experiences a force to the left. Figure 7 As shown.

[0039] In this embodiment of the invention, the flexible rod 3 of the compression element is configured as a frame structure, which includes two vertical rods and a horizontal rod of the compression element. The two ends of the horizontal rod of the compression element are respectively connected to one end of the two vertical rods of the compression element, and the other ends of the two vertical rods of the compression element are connected to the rolling bearing 6 of the compression element and are arranged in the force-bearing slide 5 of the compression element.

[0040] In this embodiment of the invention, the force-bearing slide 5 of the compression element is configured as a semi-circular groove structure, and in the initial state, the rolling bearing 6 of the compression element is located at the left end of the semi-circular groove structure.

[0041] Working Mechanism Introduction: When the device is subjected to an external load, the sliding component and the outer sleeve component on one of the bistable elements inside the device will slip relative to each other under the external load. During this process, the spring and flexible rod are constrained and deform, providing energy dissipation. When the external load continues to increase to a certain value (steady-state critical load), the sliding component and the outer sleeve component will undergo a large unstable slip, making the structure have more efficient hysteretic deformation. When the external load on the structure begins to unload, the spring provides a reaction force, causing the sliding component and the outer sleeve component to return to their original position and simultaneously driving the flexible rod to deform, eventually restoring the structure to its original state. This process also involves an unstable displacement. The self-recovering tristable energy dissipation device is designed and connected by two types of bistable elements. It can undergo large displacements under both tension and compression conditions, making it more effective in dissipating externally inputted energy. It has a reset capability after the structure is unloaded under tension or compression, which not only provides a rapid response but also greatly reduces residual deformation of the structure.

[0042] In the proposed invention, the switching between structural steady states is achieved through a special connection between a flexible rod and a constrained bending member. Taking the compressible bistable element under pressure as an example, when pressure is applied to the compressible bistable element, as the pressure increases, the sliding component slides towards the outer sleeve component. During this process, the flexible rod, under the action of the constrained bending member, bends downwards, while the spring is compressed by the sliding component and the outer sleeve component. As the pressure continues to increase, the end of the flexible rod moves from the initial position (left end of the circular hole in the constrained bending member) to the final position (right end of the circular hole in the constrained bending member), and the relative sliding stops, and the structure enters the second steady state to continue bearing pressure. During the pressure unloading process, because the spring is in a compressed state, it provides tension to the components on both sides, causing the structure to undergo relative sliding to reset, while simultaneously driving the flexible rod to bend again. Finally, the flexible rod returns to its initial position, the relative sliding ends, and the full deformation process is as follows. Figure 3 As shown; similarly, the energy dissipation process of a tensile bistable element under tension is similar to the former, except that the forces and relative sliding are reversed. The tristable structure obtained by connecting these two types of bistable elements with damping design simultaneously possesses steady-state switching and structural self-restoring performance under both tension and compression. Under compression, the compressive bistable element in the structure undergoes steady-state switching; under tension, the tensile bistable element in the structure undergoes steady-state switching, as shown... Figure 4 As shown, the tristable energy dissipation device requires adjustment of the stiffness ratio and deformation ratio of the flexible rod and spring to achieve steady-state switching and structural reset performance.

[0043] In this embodiment of the invention, the stretching element includes a stretching element slider 10, a stretching element sleeve 11, a stretching element sliding deformation rod device, and a stretching element tension spring 15. The stretching element tension spring 15 is disposed inside the stretching element sleeve 11. One end of the stretching element tension spring 15 is connected to the inner bottom of the stretching element sleeve 11, and the other end of the stretching element tension spring 15 is connected to the stretching element slider 10. The stretching element slider 10 is slidably disposed inside the stretching element sleeve 11. One end of the stretching element sliding deformation rod device is connected to the stretching element slider 10, and the other end of the stretching element sliding deformation rod device is connected to the outside of the stretching element sleeve 11.

[0044] In this embodiment of the invention, the sliding deformation rod device for the stretching element includes a flexible rod 26 for the stretching element, a side protrusion 12 for the stretching element, a force-bearing slide 14 for the stretching element, and a rolling bearing 13 for the stretching element. The side protrusion 12 for the stretching element is disposed on both sides of the sleeve 11 of the stretching element, the force-bearing slide 14 for the stretching element is disposed on the side protrusion 12 for the stretching element, and the rolling bearing 13 for the stretching element is disposed at both ends of the flexible rod 26 for the stretching element, and the rolling bearing 13 for the stretching element is disposed inside the force-bearing slide 14 for the stretching element. The middle part of the flexible rod 26 for the stretching element is connected to the slider 10 for the stretching element.

[0045] In this embodiment of the invention, the structure of the stretching element flexible rod 26 is the same as that of the compression element flexible rod 3, and both the stretching element flexible rod 26 and the compression element flexible rod 3 are made of shape memory metal. The force-bearing slide 14 of the stretching element is set as a semi-circular groove structure. In the initial state, the stretching element rolling bearing 13 is set at the right end of the semi-circular groove structure.

[0046] This system is applied in earthquake resistance, such as Figure 6 As shown, a multi-stable structure and a traditional metal damper are combined and applied to structural seismic resistance. Based on the multi-stable switching of the structure, more efficient energy dissipation performance is obtained, enabling more energy input from the outside to be consumed for the main structure. By adjusting the structural parameters, the restoring performance of the structure is obtained, which greatly reduces the residual deformation of the entire structure and makes the whole system have good repairability.

[0047] The multi-steady-state damper can be arranged in accordance with... Figure 6As shown, the two ends of the damper are connected to the diagonally opposite ends of the frame structure via external connectors. When an external force is applied to the frame, the force transmitted through the frame to the damper is an axial force relative to the damper. Taking axial pressure as an example, when axial pressure acts on the tristable damper, the compressive bistable element in the damper undergoes internal structural deformation, while the overall structure of the tensile bistable element remains unchanged under pressure. Therefore, under pressure, the tensile damper is a steel body relative to the entire structure, and the external pressure is directly transmitted to the two ends of the compressive bistable element through it. Thus, the external pressure is dissipated by the compressive bistable element.

[0048] Example 2:

[0049] A self-restoring tristable system, such as Figure 2 As shown, the assembly includes a built-in slider 17, a sleeve 18, a flexible rod 19, side protrusions 20, a rolling bearing 21, a compression force-bearing slide 22, a tension force-bearing slide 23, a sleeve 24, and a spring 25. The spring 25 is disposed inside the sleeve 24, with one end connected to the bottom inner side of the sleeve 24 and the other end connected to one end of the built-in slider 17. The built-in slider 17 is slidably disposed within the sleeve 24. The side protrusions 20 are disposed on both sides of the sleeve 24. The compression force-bearing slide 22 and the tension force-bearing slide 23 are both disposed on the side protrusions 20 and are connected to each other. The rolling bearing 21 is disposed between the compression force-bearing slide 22 and the tension force-bearing slide 23. At the connection point of section 3, the rolling bearing 21 can slide within the compression force slide 22 or the tension force slide 23. Both ends of the flexible rod 19 are connected to the rolling bearing 21, and the middle part of the flexible rod 19 is connected to the built-in slider 17. When external compression pressure is generated, the rolling bearing 21 moves to the right end of the compression force slide 22, and the flexible rod 19 absorbs the energy of the external compression pressure by compressing and deforming. When the external compression pressure disappears, the flexible rod 19 automatically returns to its original state. When external tension force is generated, the rolling bearing 21 moves to the left side of the tension force slide 23, and the flexible rod 19 absorbs the energy of the external tension force by stretching and deforming. When the external tension force disappears, the flexible rod 19 automatically returns to its original state. When the energy consumption requirement is low, we can consider using a spring that has both tension and compression capabilities. By changing the opening form of the constraint bending member, the tristable function of the unit can be achieved. The built-in slider 17 slides back and forth at the outlet of the sleeve front end 18.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A self-restoring tri-stable system based on, characterized by: The compression type element and the stretching type element are arranged on the same straight line, when the compression pressure is generated outside, the compression type element is compressed and deformed to absorb the energy of the compression pressure outside, when the compression pressure disappears, the compression type element automatically restores the original state, when the stretching tension is generated outside, the stretching type element is stretched and deformed to absorb the energy of the stretching tension outside, when the stretching tension disappears, the stretching type element automatically restores the original state; The compression type element comprises a compression type element built-in slider (2), a compression type element sliding deformation rod device, a compression type element compression spring (7) and a compression type element sleeve (8), the compression type element compression spring (7) is arranged inside the compression type element sleeve (8), one end of the compression type element compression spring (7) is connected with the inside bottom of the compression type element sleeve (8), the other end of the compression type element compression spring (7) is connected with the compression type element built-in slider (2), the compression type element built-in slider (2) is arranged to slide in the compression type element sleeve (8), one end of the compression type element sliding deformation rod device is connected with the compression type element built-in slider (2), the other end of the compression type element sliding deformation rod device is connected with the outside of the compression type element sleeve (8); The compression type element sliding deformation rod device comprises a compression type element flexible rod (3), a compression type element side edge protrusion (4), a compression type element stress slide (5) and a compression type element rolling bearing (6), the compression type element side edge protrusion (4) is arranged on both sides of the compression type element sleeve (8), the compression type element stress slide (5) is arranged on the compression type element side edge protrusion (4), the compression type element rolling bearing (6) is arranged at both ends of the compression type element flexible rod (3), and the compression type element rolling bearing (6) is arranged in the compression type element stress slide (5), and the middle position of the compression type element flexible rod (3) is connected with the compression type element built-in slider (2).

2. A self-restoring tri-stable system based on claim 1, characterized in that: The compression type element flexible rod (3) is arranged in a frame type structure, the frame type structure comprises two compression type element vertical rods and a compression type element horizontal rod, both ends of the compression type element horizontal rod are connected with one end of the two compression type element vertical rods respectively, the other end of the two compression type element vertical rods are connected with the compression type element rolling bearing (6) and arranged in the compression type element stress slide (5).

3. A self-restoring tri-stable system based on claim 2, characterized in that: The compression type element stress slide (5) is arranged in a semicircular groove structure, and the compression type element rolling bearing (6) is arranged at the left end of the semicircular groove structure in the initial state.

4. A self-restoring tri-stable system according to claim 3, wherein: The stretching type element comprises a stretching type element slider (10), a stretching type element sleeve (11), a stretching type element sliding deformation rod device and a stretching type element stretching spring (15), the stretching type element stretching spring (15) is arranged in the inside of the stretching type element sleeve (11), one end of the stretching type element stretching spring (15) is connected with the inside bottom of the stretching type element sleeve (11), the other end of the stretching type element stretching spring (15) is connected with the stretching type element slider (10), the stretching type element slider (10) is arranged in the stretching type element sleeve (11) and is arranged in sliding mode, one end of the stretching type element sliding deformation rod device is connected with the stretching type element slider (10), and the other end of the stretching type element sliding deformation rod device is connected with the outside of the stretching type element sleeve (11).

5. A self-restoring tri-stable system based on claim 4, characterized in that: The stretching type element sliding deformation rod device comprises a stretching type element flexible rod (26), stretching type element side edge protrusions (12), a stretching type element stress sliding channel (14) and a stretching type element rolling bearing (13), the stretching type element side edge protrusions (12) are arranged on the two sides of the stretching type element sleeve (11), the stretching type element stress sliding channel (14) is arranged on the stretching type element side edge protrusion (12), the stretching type element rolling bearing (13) is arranged at the two ends of the stretching type element flexible rod (26), and the stretching type element rolling bearing (13) is arranged in the stretching type element stress sliding channel (14), and the middle position of the stretching type element flexible rod (26) is connected with the stretching type element slider (10).

6. A self-restoring tri-stable system based on claim 5, characterized in that: The structure of the stretching type element flexible rod (26) is the same as that of the compression type element flexible rod (3), and the stretching type element flexible rod (26) and the compression type element flexible rod (3) are both made of a memory metal.

7. A self-restoring tri-stable system according to claim 6, wherein: The stretching type element stress sliding channel (14) is arranged in a semicircular groove structure, and in the initial state, the stretching type element rolling bearing (13) is arranged at the right end of the semicircular groove structure.

8. A self-restoring tristable system, characterized in that: The utility model provides a kind of spring, including built-in slider (17), flexible rod (19), side edge boss (20), rolling bearing (21), compression stress slide (22), tensile stress slide (23), sleeve (24) and spring (25), spring (25) is arranged inside sleeve (24), and one end of spring (25) is connected with the inside bottom of sleeve (24), the other end of spring (25) is connected with one end of built-in slider (17), built-in slider (17) is arranged in sleeve (24) and can be slidably arranged, side edge boss (20) is arranged in the both sides of sleeve (24), compression stress slide (22) and tensile stress slide (23) are all arranged on side edge boss (20), and compression stress slide (22) is communicated with tensile stress slide (23) and is arranged, rolling bearing (21) is arranged at the communication of compression stress slide (22) or tensile stress slide (23), and rolling bearing (21) can be slidably arranged in compression stress slide (22) or tensile stress slide (23), both ends of flexible rod (19) are connected with rolling bearing (21), and the middle position of flexible rod (19) is connected with built-in slider (17), when external compression pressure is generated, rolling bearing (21) moves to the right end of compression stress slide (22), flexible rod (19) compression deformation absorbs the energy of external compression pressure, when external compression pressure disappears, flexible rod (19) automatically restores original state, when external tensile tension is generated, rolling bearing (21) moves to the left side of tensile stress slide (23), and flexible rod (19) tensile deformation absorbs the energy of external tensile tension, when external tensile tension disappears, flexible rod (19) automatically restores original state.

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