Fused metamaterial antenna architecture based on sisl structure

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of based on SISL structure's fusion metamaterial antenna architecture, including SISL structure's antenna, from top to bottom sequentially have at least five layers of dielectric substrate, and each layer substrate has metal layer on both sides;First dielectric substrate is used to form metamaterial functional layer with metamaterial, second dielectric substrate has upper cavity, second dielectric substrate is transmission layer, and is embedded with ENZ material, third dielectric substrate is antenna layer, and is arranged feed antenna, fourth dielectric substrate has lower cavity, and fifth dielectric substrate is ground layer.The application uses SISL structure PEC loading, feed radiation field is concentrated in the cavity formed by second dielectric substrate and surrounding metal through hole, strengthens the interaction of super surface and feed, reduces the lateral radiation leakage of feed;Second dielectric substrate is embedded with ENZ material, so as to ensure that the radiation performance is not degraded under the condition that the antenna overall is low profile;Except radiation aperture, antenna overall is encapsulated by SISL structure, and the integration of antenna is improved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a fusion metamaterial antenna architecture based on an SISL structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Since the super material is successfully realized from the theory, the super material has been concerned by antenna researchers due to the unique regulation and control ability of the super material to electromagnetic waves. According to the different arrangement of the super material, functions such as high gain, wide beam, multi-beam and the like can be realized. With the rapid development of modern communication, the requirements for portable mobile devices are higher and higher, and miniaturization and low profile are one of the main trends. However, the super material antenna usually has the problem of high profile, and reducing the profile will lead to the decline of some performances such as directivity and side lobe level suppression, so that the super material antenna is not easy to be applied in practice. SUMMARY

[0003] The application aims at the problems in the prior art, and provides a fusion metamaterial antenna architecture based on an SISL structure. The fusion metamaterial antenna architecture based on the SISL structure is a compact metamaterial antenna architecture working in a 5G millimeter wave frequency band. The PEC boundary or the mixed boundary of the SISL structure is loaded to enhance the control of the super surface on the electromagnetic wave in a limited space, and the near-zero permittivity (ENZ) material is used to reduce the overall profile of the antenna. In combination with the filtering characteristics of the feed antenna, the 5G communication antenna and array with the functions of low profile, high gain, wideband filtering and beam scanning are realized.

[0004] In order to achieve the purpose of the application, the technical scheme adopted is:

[0005] The fusion metamaterial antenna architecture based on the SISL structure comprises an antenna of the SISL structure, and sequentially comprises at least five dielectric substrates from top to bottom, each substrate is double-sided copper-clad to form a metal layer. The first dielectric substrate is made of super material to form a super material functional layer. The second dielectric substrate has an upper cavity, and the second dielectric substrate is a transmission layer. The second dielectric substrate has an upper cavity, and the ENZ material layer is embedded in the ENZ material layer to form an ENZ material layer. The third dielectric substrate is an antenna layer, and the feed antenna is arranged. The fourth dielectric substrate has a lower cavity, and the fifth dielectric substrate forms a ground layer. The ENZ material layer changes the amplitude and phase of the feed radiation field through the collimation effect of the incident and outgoing electromagnetic waves, so that the super material antenna maintains the predetermined radiation performance under the condition of a profile less than λ0.

[0006] The super material layer on the first dielectric substrate is composed of one layer of phase control super material and one layer of polarization control super material, or is composed of one layer of phase control super material.

[0007] The second dielectric substrate is composed of three substrates, and comprises an upper transmission layer, an ENZ material layer and a lower transmission layer from top to bottom.

[0008] The upper transmission layer and the lower transmission layer are each formed by a single substrate or a multi-layered medium substrate stack.

[0009] The metal layer G9 formed by the fifth medium substrate is arranged with an artificial magnetic conductor AMC structure, cooperates with the cavity formed by the fourth medium substrate, and is used to reduce the dielectric loss of the feed transmission line and enhance the performance of the feed antenna, or uses the artificial magnetic conductor AMC structure to realize a filtering function.

[0010] The super material layer of the first medium substrate is periodically arranged by using super material units capable of controlling the phase.

[0011] The first medium substrate is formed by a multi-layered substrate stack, has screw fixing holes around the periphery to connect the multi-layered substrates, and the metalized through holes of the rectangular structure are arranged on the inner side of the screw fixing holes.

[0012] The ENZ material is printed and arranged in the form of an artificial periodic material to form an ENZ material layer.

[0013] The feed antenna adopts various forms of planar antennas, including microstrip patch antennas and microstrip comb antennas.

[0014] The SISL structure based fusion super material antenna architecture of the present application uses PEC loading of the SISL structure, and the radiation field of the feed source is concentrated in the cavity formed by the second medium substrate and the metal through holes around the periphery, strengthens the interaction between the super surface and the feed source, and reduces the lateral radiation leakage of the feed source.

[0015] The embedding of the ENZ material of the present application in the second medium substrate can ensure the radiation performance without degradation under the condition of the low profile of the whole antenna.

[0016] The whole antenna of the present application is packaged by the SISL structure except the radiation aperture, and the integration degree of the antenna is improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 is a principle schematic diagram of the SISL structure based fusion super material antenna architecture of the embodiment of the present application.

[0018] Figure 2 is a structure schematic diagram of the second medium substrate of the embodiment of the present application.

[0019] Figure 3 is a top view of the arrangement of a circular ring of super material units of the embodiment of the present application.

[0020] Figure 4is an overall view of coaxial arrangement of a plurality of circular ring metamaterial units of an embodiment of the present application.

[0021] Figure 5 is a top view of a metamaterial layer formed by periodic arrangement of a plurality of metamaterial units of an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Figure 6 is an overall layered view of a metamaterial layer formed by periodic arrangement of a plurality of metamaterial units of an embodiment of the present application.

[0023] Figure 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a high-gain metamaterial antenna based on a SISL structure of an embodiment.

[0024] Figure 8 is a radiation pattern of a metasurface lens antenna without adding ENZ material.

[0025] Figure 9 is a radiation pattern of a metasurface lens antenna with adding ENZ material. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0027] The antenna architecture of the SISL fusion metamaterial of the embodiment of the present application is a 5G communication antenna and array that realizes high gain, wide beam, filtering or beam scanning and other functions or multi-function integration under the condition of low profile.

[0028] The antenna architecture of the SISL fusion metamaterial of the embodiment of the present application is a SISL fusion metamaterial antenna realized by using PEC boundary loading of SISL structure, collimation effect of ENZ material on incident wave, metasurface beamforming and other technologies.

[0029] REFERENCE Figure 1 As shown in the figure, a SISL structure-based fusion metamaterial antenna architecture includes a typical SISL structure antenna, which can be divided into five layers, and includes five layers of dielectric substrates (such as first dielectric substrate 1, second dielectric substrate 2, third dielectric substrate 3, fourth dielectric substrate 4, and fifth dielectric substrate 5) from top to bottom. Each layer of substrate is double-sided copper-clad to form a metal layer, so the metal layers are metal layer G1, metal layer G2, metal layer G3, metal layer G4, metal layer G5, metal layer G6, metal layer G7, metal layer G7, metal layer G9, and metal layer G10 from top to bottom.

[0030] In this structure, the first dielectric substrate 1 is made of metamaterial to form a metamaterial functional layer, the second dielectric substrate 2 has an upper cavity 6 (forming a transmission layer), the third dielectric substrate 3 is an antenna layer, the fourth dielectric substrate 4 has a lower cavity 6, and the fifth dielectric substrate 5 forms a ground layer. This architecture uses more than five layers of substrates to form a multifunctional SISL fused metamaterial antenna according to actual needs.

[0031] In some embodiments, the metamaterial layer 8 of the first dielectric substrate 1 forming the metamaterial functional layer can be composed of a phase-controlling metamaterial and a polarization-controlling metamaterial to achieve a high-gain circularly polarized metamaterial antenna; or it can be achieved by using only a phase-controlling metamaterial to achieve a high-gain metamaterial antenna.

[0032] In some embodiments, the feed antenna 10 or array is typically disposed on a metal layer G5 or metal layer G6 (e.g., on a third dielectric substrate 3) Figure 1 The patch antenna located in the metal layer G5 can achieve the antenna filtering effect through the design of the feed source, and the RF front-end filter is integrated into the antenna.

[0033] In some embodiments, the application of the SISL structure concentrates the energy radiated by the feed antenna into the cavity 6 formed by the second dielectric substrate 2 and the surrounding metal vias, reducing lateral energy leakage and allowing the artificial electromagnetic metamaterial located on the first dielectric substrate 1 to fully interact with the radiation field of the feed.

[0034] In some embodiments, the artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure 7 of the metal layer G9 of the fifth dielectric substrate, the cavity formed by the fourth dielectric substrate 45 and the artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure 7 of the metal layer G9 of the fifth dielectric substrate can reduce the dielectric loss of the feed transmission line and enhance the performance of the feed antenna or use AMC to realize the filtering function.

[0035] In some embodiments, such as Figure 2 As shown, the second dielectric substrate 2 can be composed of three substrates, including an upper transmission layer 21, an ENZ material layer 9 and a lower transmission layer 22 from top to bottom. The upper transmission layer 21 and the lower transmission layer 22 can be stacked from more dielectric substrates according to actual needs, because the distance between the feed antenna 10 and the first dielectric substrate 1 will be completely determined by the total thickness of the first dielectric substrate 2.

[0036] The upper transmission layer 21 and the lower transmission layer 22 are rectangular frame structures, respectively arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the ENZ material layer 9, and connected by metallized vias. The upper transmission layer 21, the ENZ material layer 9, and the lower transmission layer 22 each have rectangularly arranged metallized vias near their periphery.

[0037] In this embodiment, the ENZ material embedded in the cavity of the upper layer of the second dielectric substrate 2 can be printed on the ENZ material layer 9 in the form of an artificial periodic material. The ENZ material can change the amplitude and phase of the feed radiation field by collimating the incident and emitted electromagnetic waves, so that the metamaterial antenna can still maintain good radiation performance under low profile conditions (generally below λ0, where λ0 is the vacuum electromagnetic wave wavelength of the antenna's operating center frequency).

[0038] It should be noted that SISL antennas are not limited to the typical five-layer dielectric substrate. They can be constructed using as few as three layers or more than five layers of dielectric while ensuring performance. The metal layers are also extended to metal layers G1 to metal layers G14, etc.

[0039] In some embodiments, the multilayer dielectric substrate is connected and positioned by multiple columnar threaded fixing holes arranged around its perimeter. The dielectric substrate also has pre-formed mating positioning holes, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the upper and lower layers are connected by prefabricated metal channels through columnar metal through-holes arranged around the perimeter.

[0040] In this embodiment, the thickness of the multilayer dielectric substrate is set according to specific circumstances. Generally speaking, the thickness of the fifth dielectric substrate is h5, the thickness of the fourth dielectric substrate is h4, the thickness of the third dielectric substrate is h3, and the thickness of the second dielectric substrate is h5. s The thickness h of the first dielectric substrate meta The thickness is relatively thick, with the thickness h of the second dielectric substrate being the most significant. s The thickest layer, the thickness h of the first dielectric substrate. meta Secondly, the thickness of the other three dielectric substrates can be the same.

[0041] Taking a low-profile, high-gain SISL fused metamaterial antenna as an example. Specifically, a specific embodiment can be used... Figures 3-4 The circular metamaterial units 15 (using copper layers) shown are periodically arranged to form the metamaterial layer 8 of the first dielectric substrate 1. Each circular metamaterial unit is arranged within a periodically arranged square rectangular region. The side length of this rectangular region is p, and each side has a copper layer of thickness t, forming a rectangular border structure around the circular metamaterial unit. The copper layers of thickness t are arranged longitudinally and laterally to form a periodic arrangement structure, forming multiple rectangular regions. The corresponding circular metamaterial units 15 are arranged in the corresponding rectangular regions. See [reference needed]. Figure 5 As shown. The radius of the hollow circle of the annular metamaterial unit 15 is R0, the radius of the overall circle is R1, and the thickness of the annular metamaterial unit 15 is R1-R0.

[0042] SeeFigure 5 as well as Figure 6 As shown, the first dielectric substrate 1 can be composed of multiple layers of substrates 13 stacked and connected together, with screw fixing holes 12 around the perimeter, connected to each other by the multiple layers of substrates 13. Metallized through holes 14 are formed on the substrates, forming a rectangular structure, and are arranged inside the screw fixing holes. The metamaterial layer 8 is formed by a periodic arrangement of multiple annular metamaterial units 15. The size of the annular units can be the same or different. For example, one or two rows of large-diameter annular metamaterial units 15 can be arranged in the middle, and two sets of annular metamaterial units 15 with diameters increasing from the inside to the outside can be symmetrically arranged on both sides. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 5 As shown, the diameter of the outermost annular metamaterial unit 15 is smaller than the diameter of the overall circle of the central annular metamaterial unit 15, with 5 rows arranged on each side.

[0043] In some embodiments, in the multilayer substrate 13, the annular metamaterial units 15 are periodically arranged on a substrate at intervals to form a metamaterial layer 8. The substrate between two adjacent substrates with the annular metamaterial units 15 arranged periodically does not have a metamaterial layer 8; it is a rectangular plate with metallized through-holes and screw holes, such as... Figure 6 As shown, this is a five-layer structure, but other structures with different numbers of layers are also possible, and this example is not the only one.

[0044] Figure 7 For Figure 1 The specific structure of the high-gain SISL metamaterial antenna with its architecture design. Figure 7 The antenna in this design does not have filtering functionality or an AMC structure. It aims to compare the antenna performance before and after the addition of ENZ material. The feed antenna 10 located in the metal layer G5 is a comb antenna with a working frequency of 10 GHz, a radiating aperture D of 120 mm × 120 mm (4λ0 × 4λ0), and a focal length f = 30 mm (1.0λ0). It is a SISL high-gain metasurface lens antenna with a focal diameter ratio of f / D = 0.25. The Peak Realized Gain is 16.7 dBi, and the aperture efficiency is 29%, achieved by phase compensation of the feed radiation field through the metasurface.

[0045] Similarly, at an operating frequency of 10 GHz, with a radiation aperture D of 120 mm × 120 mm (4λ0 × 4λ0) and a focal length f = 30 mm (1.0λ0), an ENZ material layer was embedded 10 mm directly below the metasurface in the second dielectric substrate. After fine-tuning the arrangement of the metasurface, the Peak Realized Gain obtained was 19.67 dBi, and the aperture efficiency was improved to 59%.

[0046] Compared with the design before the ENZ material is embedded, higher aperture efficiency is realized under the condition that the overall architecture, radiation aperture and feed antenna are the same, and the improvement rate is one time. Figure 8 , Figure 9 are gain patterns before and after adding the ENZ material, respectively.

[0047] It should be noted that the application of the ENZ material to reduce the profile of the metasurface lens antenna in the present application is not limited to high-gain metasurface antennas. It is also applicable to other metasurface antennas that realize functions including wide beam, beam scanning, etc.

[0048] The above only describes the preferred embodiments of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary skilled persons in the art, some improvements and refinements can be made without departing from the principles of the present application, and these improvements and refinements should also be considered as the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A fused metamaterial antenna architecture based on SISL structure, characterized in that, The antenna, including the SISL structure, comprises at least five dielectric substrate units from top to bottom. Each dielectric substrate unit has a double-sided copper cladding to form a metal layer. The first dielectric substrate unit is a metamaterial functional layer. The second dielectric substrate unit is a transmission layer with an upper cavity and an embedded ENZ material to form an ENZ material layer. The third dielectric substrate unit is an antenna layer with a feed antenna. The fourth dielectric substrate unit has a lower cavity. The fifth dielectric substrate unit forms a ground layer. The ENZ material layer changes the amplitude and phase of the feed radiation field through the collimation effect of the incident and emitted electromagnetic waves, so as to maintain the predetermined radiation performance of the metamaterial antenna under low profile conditions with a profile smaller than λ0. The metamaterial functional layer located in the first dielectric substrate unit is composed of a phase-controlling metamaterial and a polarization-controlling metamaterial, or is composed of a phase-controlling metamaterial. The second dielectric substrate unit includes an upper transmission layer, an ENZ material layer, and a lower transmission layer from top to bottom. The upper transmission layer and the lower transmission layer are each composed of a single substrate or multiple dielectric substrates stacked together. The metal layer formed by the fifth dielectric substrate unit is provided with an artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure, which cooperates with the cavity formed by the fourth dielectric substrate unit to reduce the dielectric loss of the feed transmission line and enhance the performance of the feed antenna, or to use the artificial magnetic conductor (AMC) structure to achieve the filtering function.

2. The fused metamaterial antenna architecture based on SISL structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The metamaterial functional layer of the first dielectric substrate unit is formed by periodically arranging metamaterial units that enable phase control.

3. The fused metamaterial antenna architecture based on SISL structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first dielectric substrate unit is composed of multiple substrates stacked and connected together, and has screw fixing holes around its perimeter to connect the multiple substrates. Rectangular metallized through holes are formed on the substrates, and the metallized through holes are arranged inside the screw fixing holes.

4. The fused metamaterial antenna architecture based on SISL structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ENZ material is printed and arranged in the form of an artificially periodic material to form an ENZ material layer.

5. The fused metamaterial antenna architecture based on SISL structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The feed antenna is a planar antenna, including a microstrip patch antenna and a microstrip comb antenna.

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