Method for direct seeding of rice

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of rice planting, and discloses a rice direct seeding planting method.The method comprises the following steps: before ploughing, all fertilizers are applied into the land, and then rice seeds are sown into the land with the fertilizers; the fertilizers contain nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, mature farmyard manure, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer; the content weight ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the mature farmyard manure, the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and the potassium fertilizer is 1:10-30:0.3-0.6:0.1-0.6; the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is a combination of first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer with a content weight ratio of 1:0.5-2:0.5-2.The method can improve the seedling emergence rate of the rice seeds and the utilization rate of the fertilizers, reduce the production cost, and has little influence on the environment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of rice cultivation technology, and more specifically, to a method for direct seeding of rice. Background Technology

[0002] my country's rice-growing areas are vast, with significant climate variations and uneven land concentration, resulting in a diverse range of rice varieties and complex planting systems and methods. After years of effort, a development pattern has emerged where various mechanized planting methods coexist, with machine transplanting as the mainstay. However, significant disparities in mechanization levels exist across different regions. Therefore, vigorously developing full-process mechanization of rice production, especially planting mechanization, is a key focus for future development.

[0003] Mechanized direct seeding is a simple, efficient, and sustainable cultivation method. Rice cultivation in developed countries in Europe and America largely utilizes mechanized direct seeding. With the large-scale migration of rural labor in my country, the development of direct seeding rice has been extremely rapid.

[0004] Direct seeding of rice is a cultivation method in which seeds are sown directly in the field without seedling raising or transplanting. In production, large-scale direct seeding of rice can save a significant amount of labor, alleviate the seasonal shortage of labor, and is of great significance for achieving simplified, specialized, and large-scale rice production, thus having broad prospects for promotion. However, compared with transplanted rice, direct seeding rice faces challenges such as difficulty in achieving full seedling emergence and a higher risk of lodging.

[0005] Therefore, in production, special attention should be paid to mastering technical measures such as "early emergence of full seedlings, early fertilization, slow-release fertilizer, and cultivating strong seedlings to prevent lodging".

[0006] Current methods for direct-seeding rice cultivation typically involve mixing rice seeds with fertilizer or insecticides in different nutrient solutions to improve seed germination rates and cultivate robust seedlings. However, these methods do not address the specific nutrient requirements of direct-seeded rice or the need to reduce planting costs. Furthermore, the fertilizer coating on rice seeds can cause blockages and hinder germination.

[0007] CN113173820A discloses a special fertilizer for direct-seeded rice, a method for direct-seeding rice, and equipment for direct-seeding rice. The special fertilizer for direct-seeded rice comprises the following components by weight: 25-40 parts urea, 8-15 parts diammonium phosphate, 0.6-0.9 parts borax, 50-65 parts bentonite, 12-35 parts chitosan, 80-95 parts wood ash, and 35-48 parts well-rotted pig manure. While this method can improve seed germination rate and reduce pests and diseases, its focus is on acting as a rice seedling strengthener. It uses a combination of different nutrients and trace elements to form a coating to improve germination rate and reduce pests and diseases. Therefore, if the nutrient content of the fertilizer is not properly controlled, it may cause seedling burn, and the frequency and amount of subsequent fertilization are not clearly defined. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this invention is to provide a method for direct-seeding rice cultivation that can reduce the number of fertilizations while ensuring stable rice yield, achieve simultaneous fertilization and sowing of rice, and require only one fertilization, thereby improving operational efficiency and reducing operational costs.

[0009] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a method for direct seeding of rice, the method comprising:

[0010] Before tilling the land, apply all the fertilizer to the land at a rate of 342-966 kg / mu, and then sow the rice seeds in the land where the fertilizer has been applied.

[0011] The fertilizer contains nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer; and

[0012] The weight ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the well-rotted farmyard manure, the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the potassium fertilizer is 1:10-30:0.3-0.6:0.1-0.6;

[0013] The controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is a combination of a first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, a second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and a third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in a weight ratio of 1:0.5-2:0.5-2. The nutrient release period of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is 20-40 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is greater than 80%. The nutrient release period of the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is 50-70 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is greater than 80%. The nutrient release period of the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is 80-100 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is greater than 80%.

[0014] This invention combines controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in different proportions with specific amounts of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, and potassium fertilizer before tilling the land. These fertilizers are applied to the soil as all the fertilizers required for the entire growth process of direct-seeded rice seeds. This not only improves the germination rate of rice seeds and the utilization rate of fertilizers, but also reduces production costs, while having little impact on the environment.

[0015] In addition, the method provided by this invention has the advantages of being easy to operate, stable and reliable, and having low technical costs. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The endpoints and any values ​​of the ranges disclosed herein are not limited to the precise ranges or values, and these ranges or values ​​should be understood to include values ​​close to these ranges or values. For numerical ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges, the endpoint values ​​of the various ranges and individual point values, and individual point values ​​can be combined with each other to obtain one or more new numerical ranges, which should be considered as specifically disclosed herein.

[0017] As mentioned above, the present invention provides a method for direct seeding of rice, the method comprising:

[0018] Before tilling the land, apply all the fertilizer to the land at a rate of 342-966 kg / mu, and then sow the rice seeds in the land where the fertilizer has been applied.

[0019] The fertilizer contains nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer; and

[0020] The weight ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the well-rotted farmyard manure, the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the potassium fertilizer is 1:10-30:0.3-0.6:0.1-0.6;

[0021] The controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is a combination of a first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, a second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and a third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in a weight ratio of 1:0.5-2:0.5-2. The nutrient release period of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is 20-40 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is greater than 80%. The nutrient release period of the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is 50-70 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is greater than 80%. The nutrient release period of the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is 80-100 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% at 25°C is greater than 80%.

[0022] It should be noted that the present invention does not impose any particular restrictions on the method of cultivating the land and sowing. Those skilled in the art can make selections based on known technical means in the field. The following text of the present invention provides a preferred specific embodiment, which should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0023] Preferably, the weight ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the well-rotted farmyard manure, the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the potassium fertilizer is 1:12-20:0.4-0.5:0.2-0.4.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment, the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is a combination of a first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, a second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and a third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer with a weight ratio of 1:1-1.5:1-1.5.

[0025] The inventors of this invention have discovered through research that the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer are all polyurethane-coated urea. Furthermore, the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer has a nutrient release period of 30 days when the cumulative nitrogen release in soil at 25°C and with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% is greater than 80%, the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer has a nutrient release period of 60 days when the cumulative nitrogen release in soil at 25°C and with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% is greater than 80%, and the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer has a nutrient release period of 90 days when the cumulative nitrogen release in soil at 25°C and with a moisture content of 70-100 wt% is greater than 80%. These results in higher yields and a more optimized yield composition.

[0026] Preferably, the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer is 1:0.5-1:0.5-1.

[0027] Preferably, the well-rotted farmyard manure is selected from at least one of chicken manure, duck manure, and pig manure.

[0028] It should be noted that the present invention does not impose any particular limitation on the source of the well-rotted farmyard manure; it can be commercially available or prepared using techniques known in the art. The following description of the present invention provides a preferred embodiment, which should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0029] Preferably, the potassium fertilizer is selected from at least one of potassium chloride and potassium sulfate.

[0030] According to another preferred embodiment, the method further includes: subjecting the rice seeds to germination treatment and seed dressing treatment in sequence before sowing the rice seeds.

[0031] In a preferred embodiment, the germination treatment method includes: subjecting the rice seeds to light treatment and soaking treatment in sequence.

[0032] Preferably, the conditions for the light treatment include: light exposure time ≥ 48h and light exposure temperature 20-30℃.

[0033] More preferably, the conditions for the light treatment include: light exposure time ≥ 48h and light exposure temperature 22-28℃.

[0034] Preferably, the method of soaking the seeds includes: first soaking the light-treated seeds in a soaking agent and then in water.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment, the conditions for the heat preservation treatment include a temperature of 28-32°C.

[0036] It should be noted that the present invention does not have a particular limitation on the time of heat preservation treatment, as long as the radicle of the rice seed can break through the seed coat.

[0037] According to a particularly preferred embodiment, the seed soaking agent is imazalil.

[0038] In a preferred embodiment, the concentration of the soaking agent is 125-250 mg / L, based on the effective ingredient.

[0039] In this invention, there is no particular limitation on the relationship between the amount of seeds obtained after soaking in the seed soaking agent and the amount of water, as long as the seeds can be submerged in the water.

[0040] Preferably, the seed dressing method includes: mixing the pre-germinated rice seeds with a seed dressing agent.

[0041] Preferably, the seed dressing agent is selected from at least one of high-gluten seed dressing agent and phenyl ether-pyrrolidone-thiamethoxam seed dressing agent.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment, the amount of the seed dressing agent used is 1-5 mL relative to 1 kg of the pre-germinated rice seeds.

[0043] Preferably, the mixing conditions include: mixing under stirring conditions, with a stirring speed of 30-120 rpm, a temperature of 15-30°C, and a time of 3-5 min.

[0044] The present invention will be described in detail below through examples.

[0045] In the following examples, unless otherwise specified, all raw materials used were commercially purchased.

[0046] It should be noted that the following examples were all conducted in Eqiao, Wuhu, Anhui (118.3°E, 31.1°N).

[0047] raw material:

[0048] Imazalil: Purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0049] High-efficiency seed dressing agent: purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0050] Benzylpyrimethanil: Purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0051] Cyhalofop-butyl: purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0052] Benzylsulfuron: Purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0053] Uniconazole powder: purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0054] Avermectin: Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0055] Insecticidal Spray: Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0056] Benzophenone·Hexaconazole: Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0057] Trifluorophenylpyrimidine: Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.;

[0058] Nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer: the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements is 17wt%, 17wt% and 17wt% respectively (the weight ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium elements is 1:1:1), purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0059] Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer:

[0060] The first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is polyurethane-coated urea. When the cumulative nitrogen release in soil at 25℃ and with a moisture content of 70-100wt% is greater than 80%, the nutrient release period is 30 days, and the pure nitrogen content is 44wt%. It was purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0061] Second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer-1: polyurethane-coated urea, with a nutrient release period of 60 days when the cumulative nitrogen release is greater than 80% in soil at 25℃ and with a moisture content of 70-100wt%, and a pure nitrogen content of 44wt%, purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0062] Second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer-2: polyurethane-coated urea, with a nutrient release period of 70 days when the cumulative nitrogen release is greater than 80% in soil at 25℃ and with a moisture content of 70-100wt%, and a pure nitrogen content of 44wt%, purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0063] The third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is polyurethane-coated urea. When the cumulative nitrogen release in soil at 25℃ and with a moisture content of 70-100wt% is greater than 80%, the nutrient release period is 90 days, and the pure nitrogen content is 44wt%. It was purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0064] Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer D1: polyurethane-coated urea, with a nutrient release period of 120 days when the cumulative nitrogen release is greater than 80% in soil at 25℃ and with a moisture content of 70-100wt%, and a pure nitrogen content of 44wt%, purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0065] Urea: Pure nitrogen content 46wt%, purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0066] Potassium fertilizer: Potassium chloride, purchased from Haipeng Plant Protection Agricultural Technology Co., Ltd.

[0067] Well-rotted farmyard manure: fermented and decomposed chicken manure organic fertilizer, purchased from Anhui Huihezhuang Biotechnology Co., Ltd.

[0068] Example 1

[0069] Rice seed pretreatment:

[0070] The plump Quanyou 607 rice seeds were subjected to germination treatment (light treatment, seed soaking treatment, heat preservation treatment) and seed dressing treatment in sequence.

[0071] The conditions for light treatment were: light exposure time of 48 hours and light temperature of 25°C.

[0072] Soaking treatment: After light treatment, soak the seeds in a 200 mg / L solution of prochloraz for 12 hours; after removing the seeds, wash them with water until they are free of prochloraz, then soak them in water for 24 hours. After removing the seeds, keep them warm at 30°C until the rice seed radicle breaks through the seed coat.

[0073] Seed dressing treatment: Mix the heat-insulated seeds with high-quality seed dressing agent;

[0074] The mixing conditions were as follows: the mixture was carried out under stirring conditions, with a stirring speed of 60 rpm, a temperature of 20°C, and a time of 4 min.

[0075] The amount of the seed dressing agent used is 1 mL relative to 1 kg of rice seeds after germination treatment;

[0076] arable land:

[0077] The fertilizer was applied manually at a rate of 652.5 kg / mu to the soil with a moisture content of 12.5 ± 2.5 wt%. The soil was then leveled using a rotary tiller and followed by irrigation to refine the surface layer, ensuring that the surface elevation difference did not exceed 3 cm. Drainage ditches were dug every 4 m along the raised beds, with a width of 27.5 ± 2.5 cm and a depth of 17.5 ± 2.5 cm.

[0078] The weight ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer in the fertilizer is 1:20:0.45:0.3;

[0079] The controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer contains a first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, a second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer-1, and a third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer; wherein the weight ratio of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is 1:1:1.

[0080] After the surface of the soil is dry, the pretreated rice seeds are sown manually.

[0081] Field management:

[0082] Irrigation and drainage: Maintain soil moisture content at 90±10wt% during the rice seedling stage;

[0083] Maintain soil moisture content at 70±10wt% from rice seedling establishment to the 2-leaf and 1-heart stage;

[0084] After the rice reaches the 3-leaf stage, maintain a 2cm water layer. Once the surface soil moisture has disappeared, continue irrigating with a 3cm water layer. Repeat this cycle until the rice reaches the critical period for effective tillering.

[0085] Spraying: On the 3rd day after rice sowing, apply 40wt% bensulfuron-methyl to the soil surface at a rate of 70mL / mu.

[0086] Another foliar treatment should be carried out during the 3-leaf-1-heart stage to the 4-leaf-1-heart stage of rice, namely, spraying the field with 30 mL / mu of cyhalofop-butyl with an effective ingredient content of 30 wt% and 14 g / mu of bensulfuron-methyl with an effective ingredient content of 25 wt% diluted with water.

[0087] During the peak tillering stage of rice (before row division), conduct a pest and disease control treatment using a mixture of 50 mL / mu of abamectin (3.2 wt%), 200 mL / mu of cartap (29 wt%), and 50 mL / mu of benzoyl hexaconazole (25 wt%) diluted with water and sprayed on the field. Six days before heading, conduct comprehensive control of "three diseases and three pests" using a mixture of 50 mL / mu of abamectin (3.2 wt%), 200 mL / mu of cartap (29 wt%), 50 mL / mu of benzoyl hexaconazole (25 wt%), and 20 mL / mu of trifluralin (10 wt%) diluted with water and sprayed on the field.

[0088] Chemical control: During the rice stalk rounding stage, apply 6g of 5wt% acetamiprid powder + 4g of potassium dihydrogen phosphate + 35kg of water per mu, and spray evenly on the rice leaves.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] This embodiment uses a method similar to that of Embodiment 1, except that:

[0091] Adjust the amount of well-rotted farmyard manure used, and

[0092] The total amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is kept constant, while the amounts of the first and third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers are adjusted.

[0093] This results in the following weight ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer in the fertilizer: 1:15:0.45:0.3; and

[0094] The weight ratio of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is 1:0.52:0.75, and all other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0095] Example 3

[0096] This embodiment uses a method similar to that of Embodiment 1, except that:

[0097] Keeping the total amount of fertilizer constant, the amount of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer and potassium chloride was adjusted so that the weight ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer in the fertilizer was 1:24:0.54:0.56. All other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0098] Example 4

[0099] This embodiment uses a method similar to that of Embodiment 1, except that:

[0100] Replace the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer-1 with the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer-2 by the same weight, and keep all other conditions the same as in Example 1.

[0101] Comparative Example 1

[0102] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0103] Replace the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer with controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer D1 by the same weight, and keep all other conditions the same as in Example 1.

[0104] Comparative Example 2

[0105] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0106] The total amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer remained unchanged, but the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer was not used, and all other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0107] Comparative Example 3

[0108] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0109] The total amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer remains unchanged, but the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer-1 is not used, and all other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0110] Comparative Example 4

[0111] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0112] The total amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer remained unchanged, but no third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer was used, and all other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0113] Comparative Example 5

[0114] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0115] The total amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer remains unchanged, only the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is used, and all other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0116] Comparative Example 6

[0117] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0118] The total amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer remains unchanged, only the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer-1 is used, and all other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0119] Comparative Example 7

[0120] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0121] The total amount of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer remained unchanged, except for the use of the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and all other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0122] Comparative Example 8

[0123] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0124] Under the same total amount of pure nitrogen, urea with a pure nitrogen content of 46 wt% was used to replace the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and all other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0125] Comparative Example 9

[0126] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0127] Controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer was not used; that is, the fertilizer contained nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, and potassium fertilizer. All other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0128] Comparative Example 10

[0129] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0130] The amount of potassium chloride was adjusted so that the weight ratio of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer and potassium fertilizer was 1:20:0.45:0.7, and all other conditions were the same as in Example 1.

[0131] Comparative Example 11

[0132] This comparative example was conducted using a method similar to that of Example 1, except that:

[0133] Apply fertilizer to the soil using the following method:

[0134] Two days before sowing, apply basal fertilizer during land preparation, i.e., apply 30 kg / mu of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium compound fertilizer; apply tillering fertilizer when the rice has 3 to 4 leaves and 1 heart, i.e., apply 7 kg / mu of urea with a pure nitrogen content of 46 wt%; apply panicle fertilizer during the second stage of panicle differentiation, i.e., apply 6 kg / mu of urea with a pure nitrogen content of 46 wt% and 9 kg / mu of potassium chloride. All other conditions are the same as in Example 1.

[0135] Test example:

[0136] The following parameter tests were performed on the embodiments and comparative examples. The specific test methods are as follows, and the test results are shown in Table 1:

[0137] Effective panicle number: The effective panicle number of rice was investigated in the field one week before rice maturity, at a height of 0.25m. 2 Select representative plants with uniform growth within the area and calculate the number of effective panicles per unit area;

[0138] Number of grains per panicle, seed setting rate, and thousand-grain weight: Samples were taken at the rice maturity stage at a depth of 0.25m. 2 Within the range, select representative plants with uniform growth, record the number of effective ears, then thresh manually, separate full and empty grains by water selection, fix at 105℃ for 30 minutes, and then dry in an 80℃ oven to constant weight. Calculate the number of grains per ear, seed setting rate and thousand-grain weight by weighing and counting the grains.

[0139] Among them, the number of grains per ear = total number of grains / number of effective ears; the seed setting rate = total number of filled grains / total number of grains × 100%; the weight of 1000 grains = (30g of filled grains / number of grains contained in 30g of filled grains) × 1000;

[0140] Production: 5m per instance 2 The samples were dried until the moisture content was below 20 wt%, and the moisture content of the rice was measured using a handheld computer moisture meter. The actual yield was calculated based on the standard moisture content of 13.5 wt%.

[0141] Actual yield = Total weight of rice / Measured area × (1 - Moisture content of rice) / 86.5%.

[0142] Table 1

[0143]

[0144]

[0145] As can be seen from the results in Table 1, the rice yield of the fertilization method provided by the present invention, which involves applying different controlled-release nitrogen fertilizers and specific proportions of nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, and potassium fertilizer in specific proportions, is higher than that of traditional fertilization methods. It is not only a one-time fertilization method but also a method of applying fertilizer in batches.

[0146] Furthermore, the results in Table 1 also show that even with controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, improper control of the type and dosage ratio of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer can lead to reduced rice yield.

[0147] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the scope of the inventive concept, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solutions of the present invention, including combinations of various technical features in any other suitable manner. These simple modifications and combinations should also be considered as the content disclosed in the present invention and are all within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for direct seeding of rice, characterized in that, The method includes: Before tilling the land, apply all the fertilizer to the land at a rate of 342-966 kg / mu, and then sow the rice seeds in the land where the fertilizer has been applied. The fertilizer contains nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, well-rotted farmyard manure, controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and potassium fertilizer; and The weight ratio of the nitrogen-phosphorus-potassium compound fertilizer, the well-rotted farmyard manure, the controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the potassium fertilizer is 1:12-20:0.4-0.5:0.2-0.4; The controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is a combination of a first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, a second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and a third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in a weight ratio of 1:1-1.5:1-1.

5. The nutrient release period of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is 20-40 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100wt% at 25℃ is greater than 80%. The nutrient release period of the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100wt% at 25℃ is 50-70 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100wt% at 25℃ is greater than 80%. The nutrient release period of the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100wt% at 25℃ is 80-100 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100wt% at 25℃ is greater than 80%.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer, and the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer are all polyurethane-coated urea. The nutrient release period of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer is 30 days when the cumulative nitrogen release of the first controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100wt% at 25℃ is greater than 80%, the nutrient release period of the second controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100wt% at 25℃ is greater than 80%, and the nutrient release period of the third controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer in soil with a moisture content of 70-100wt% at 25℃ is greater than 80%.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium compound fertilizer contains nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium in a weight ratio of 1:0.5-1:0.5-1; and / or, The well-rotted farmyard manure is selected from at least one of chicken manure, duck manure, and pig manure.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The method also includes: subjecting the rice seeds to germination treatment and seed dressing treatment in sequence before sowing the rice seeds.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The method for germination treatment includes: The rice seeds were subjected to light treatment, soaking treatment, and heat preservation treatment in sequence.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The conditions for the light treatment include: light exposure time ≥ 48h, and light exposure temperature 20-30℃.

7. The method according to claim 5, wherein, The method for soaking the seeds includes: First, soak the seeds that have been treated with light in a seed soaking agent and then in water.

8. The method according to claim 4, wherein, The seed dressing treatment method includes: The pre-germinated rice seeds are mixed with the seed dressing agent.

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