A pipe lead-out structure, casing and aero engine

Abstract

This invention discloses a pipeline lead-out structure, a casing, and an aero-engine. The pipeline lead-out structure includes a lead-out sleeve for connecting the interior and exterior of the casing and a mounting base for mounting on the outer casing. A stepped hole is formed through the mounting base along the height direction. A floating ring is fitted with the small-diameter hole of the stepped hole with clearance. A first frustum protrudes radially from the outer side of the floating ring at its upper end along the height direction, fitting with the large-diameter hole of the stepped hole with clearance. A cover plate is provided on the mounting base to restrict the movement of the floating ring along the height direction. One end of the lead-out sleeve is located on the inner casing, and the other end is fitted with the inner hole of the floating ring with clearance, extending to the outside of the outer casing for external pipeline connection. A first sealing ring is provided between the lead-out sleeve and the inner hole of the floating ring. This invention achieves installation compensation and compensation for the radial offset of the lead-out sleeve due to thermal expansion between the inner and outer casings, reducing the positional accuracy requirements of the lead-out sleeve's mounting hole.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aero-engine technology, specifically to a pipeline lead-out structure, a casing, and an aero-engine. Background Technology

[0002] To ensure the normal and stable operation of aero engines, various outlet pipes passing through the casing are required for the transport of gases and liquids. Currently, most aero engines use an integrated casing structure for these pipes, sealed with rubber rings or expansion rings. The inner casing of existing aero engines is often made of high-strength high-temperature alloy, while the outer casing is made of lighter aluminum alloy. The two materials have significantly different coefficients of linear expansion, and the temperature difference between the inner and outer casings is also large, resulting in significant relative displacement of the mounting holes under hot conditions. The integrated casing structure limits the pipes' mobility, making them prone to squeezing and rubbing against the casing wall, generating internal stress and greatly reducing their service life, potentially threatening engine safety. Furthermore, the integrated casing structure requires precise positioning of the mounting holes, making the pipes susceptible to scratches and collisions during installation, resulting in poor assemblability and maintainability. Summary of the Invention

[0003] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the defects of the pipe lead-out structure of the casing of the existing aircraft generator, which has a small range of motion, high requirements for the position accuracy of the mounting holes, lacks installation compensation function, and cannot release the internal stress of the pipe, resulting in a reduced service life of the pipe. The present invention provides a pipe lead-out structure, casing and aircraft engine.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the present invention, a conduit exit structure is applied to a casing including an inner casing and an outer casing, the conduit exit structure comprising:

[0005] Mounting base for mounting on outer casing, wherein a stepped hole is formed through the mounting base along the height direction, and the large diameter hole of the stepped hole is located at the end of the small diameter hole away from the inner casing;

[0006] A floating ring is fitted with clearance within the small-diameter hole. A first frustum is radially protruded from the outer side of one end of the floating ring that is opposite to the upper end in the height direction. The first frustum is fitted with clearance within the large-diameter hole.

[0007] A cover plate is used to restrict the floating ring from moving along the height direction. The cover plate is disposed on the mounting base, and a central hole is formed through the middle of the cover plate along the height direction.

[0008] A lead-out sleeve is used to connect the inside of the casing to the outside. One end of the lead-out sleeve is set on the inner casing. The other end of the lead-out sleeve along the height direction is clearance-fitted with the inner hole of the floating ring and the center hole, and extends to the outside of the outer casing for external pipeline connection. A first sealing rubber ring is provided between the lead-out sleeve and the inner hole of the floating ring.

[0009] According to a pipeline lead-out structure of the present invention, at least the following technical effects are achieved: 1. By fitting the floating ring and the first truncated cone with a clearance fit in the small-diameter hole and the large-diameter hole respectively, and by providing a first sealing ring between the lead-out sleeve and the inner hole of the floating ring, the first sealing ring can fill the radial gap between the lead-out sleeve and the inner hole of the floating ring, effectively preventing poor sealing inside the casing; the lead-out sleeve moves radially along the lead-out sleeve with the floating ring within the stepped hole, thereby achieving installation compensation and reducing the installation pressure on the lead-out sleeve from the outer casing. The positional accuracy of the mounting holes improves the manufacturability, enhances product reliability, and reduces manufacturing costs. On the other hand, it compensates for the radial offset of thermal expansion between the inner and outer casings along the lead-out sleeve when the casing is hot (where the radial expansion of the inner casing along the lead-out sleeve is greater than that of the outer casing). This prevents the lead-out sleeve from being unable to release internal stress due to squeezing and rubbing against the casing wall, thus extending its service life and consequently improving the service life of the casing and the aero-engine. Simultaneously, because the lead-out sleeve has a clearance fit with the inner hole of the floating ring and the center hole of the cover plate, the lead-out sleeve can move relative to the inner hole of the floating ring in the height direction away from the inner casing when the casing is hot, achieving thermal expansion compensation along its own axis. 2. By extending one end of the lead-out sleeve along the height direction to the outside of the outer casing as a pipe connector to connect with external pipes, compared with the existing integrated pipe lead-out structure that passes through the casing, this pipe lead-out structure simplifies the structure and reduces the number of parts while realizing the functions of installation compensation and thermal expansion compensation. It enables one end of the lead-out sleeve to be led out of the outer casing to connect with external pipes, making disassembly convenient and improving assembly and maintainability.

[0010] Preferably, the cover plate is detachably connected to the mounting base; one end of the lead-out sleeve is detachably connected to the inner casing.

[0011] Preferably, it further includes a wire threaded insert for mounting on the inner casing, wherein the wire threaded insert has an internal threaded hole formed through it along the height direction; and the lead-out sleeve is provided with an external thread that matches the internal threaded hole.

[0012] Preferably, the mounting base has a plurality of second threaded holes spaced apart along the contour of the mounting base at one end facing the cover plate, and a through hole is formed on the cover plate corresponding to each second threaded hole along the height direction; during assembly, the fastening bolt passes through the through hole and is tightened into the corresponding second threaded hole.

[0013] Preferably, a second frustum is radially protruding on the outer side wall of the end of the lead-out sleeve opposite to the cover plate along the height direction; a gasket is fitted on the lead-out sleeve, the gasket is restricted from rotating circumferentially by the second frustum, and the gasket is used to fit and seal between the second frustum and the inner casing.

[0014] Preferably, the sidewall of the end of the second truncated cone facing the gasket is provided with a plurality of square grooves spaced apart along its circumference, and the outer circumferential surface of the gasket is provided with deformable tongues that correspond one-to-one with the square grooves; during installation, the tongues are flipped upward along the height direction and locked into the square grooves.

[0015] Preferably, the outer wall of the lead-out sleeve is provided with a first annular groove along the circumference of the lead-out sleeve, and the first sealing ring is embedded in the first annular groove.

[0016] Preferably, a second annular groove is provided on the lower end face of the first frustum along the height direction. A second sealing ring is embedded in the second annular groove, and the second sealing ring is used to fit and seal between the first frustum and the large-diameter hole.

[0017] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a casing includes an outer casing, an inner casing, and a pipeline exit structure disposed on the outer casing and the inner casing, wherein the pipeline exit structure adopts the pipeline exit structure provided in the first aspect described above.

[0018] According to a casing of the present invention, at least the following technical effects are achieved:

[0019] 1. By fitting the floating ring and the first truncated cone with clearance in the small-diameter hole and the large-diameter hole respectively, and by providing a first sealing ring between the lead-out sleeve and the inner hole of the floating ring, the first sealing ring can fill the radial gap between the lead-out sleeve and the inner hole of the floating ring, effectively preventing the internal sealing of the casing from being inadequate. The lead-out sleeve moves radially along the lead-out sleeve within the stepped hole with the floating ring, achieving installation compensation on one hand, thereby reducing the positional accuracy requirements of the lead-out sleeve's mounting hole on the outer casing, improving the manufacturability, increasing product reliability, and reducing manufacturing costs. On the other hand, it compensates for the radial offset of thermal expansion between the inner and outer casings along the lead-out sleeve in the hot casing (where the radial expansion of the inner casing along the lead-out sleeve is greater than that of the outer casing along the lead-out sleeve), preventing the lead-out sleeve from being unable to release internal stress due to squeezing and rubbing against the casing wall, thus improving the service life of the lead-out sleeve and consequently improving the service life of the casing and the aero-engine. Simultaneously, because the lead-out sleeve has a clearance fit with the inner hole of the floating ring and the center hole of the cover plate, on the hot casing, the lead-out sleeve can move relative to the inner hole of the floating ring in the height direction away from the inner casing, realizing thermal expansion compensation along its own axis. 2. By extending one end of the lead-out sleeve along the height direction to the outside of the outer casing as a pipe joint to connect with external pipes, compared with the existing integrated pipe lead-out structure that passes through the casing, this casing simplifies the structure and reduces the number of parts while realizing the functions of installation compensation and thermal expansion compensation. It allows one end of the lead-out sleeve to be led out of the outer casing to connect with external pipes, making disassembly convenient and improving assembly and maintainability.

[0020] According to a third aspect of the present invention, an aero-engine includes the pipeline outlet structure provided in the first aspect above.

[0021] An aircraft engine according to the present invention has at least the following technical effects:

[0022] 1. By fitting the floating ring and the first truncated cone with clearance in the small-diameter hole and the large-diameter hole respectively, and by providing a first sealing ring between the lead-out sleeve and the inner hole of the floating ring, the first sealing ring can fill the radial gap between the lead-out sleeve and the inner hole of the floating ring, effectively preventing the internal sealing of the casing from being inadequate. The lead-out sleeve moves radially along the lead-out sleeve within the stepped hole with the floating ring, achieving installation compensation on one hand, thereby reducing the positional accuracy requirements of the lead-out sleeve's mounting hole on the outer casing, improving the manufacturability, increasing product reliability, and reducing manufacturing costs. On the other hand, it compensates for the radial offset of thermal expansion between the inner and outer casings along the lead-out sleeve in the hot casing (where the radial expansion of the inner casing along the lead-out sleeve is greater than that of the outer casing along the lead-out sleeve), preventing the lead-out sleeve from being unable to release internal stress due to squeezing and rubbing against the casing wall, thus improving the service life of the lead-out sleeve and consequently improving the service life of the casing and the aero-engine. Simultaneously, because the lead-out sleeve has a clearance fit with the inner hole of the floating ring and the center hole of the cover plate, on the hot casing, the lead-out sleeve can move relative to the inner hole of the floating ring in the height direction away from the inner casing, realizing thermal expansion compensation along its own axis. 2. By extending one end of the lead-out sleeve along the height direction to the outside of the outer casing as a pipe joint to connect with external pipes, compared with the existing integrated pipe lead-out structure that passes through the casing, this aero-engine simplifies the structure and reduces the number of parts while realizing the functions of installation compensation and thermal expansion compensation. It allows one end of the lead-out sleeve to be led out of the outer casing to connect with external pipes, making disassembly convenient and improving assembly and maintainability.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a pipeline lead-out structure assembled on an inner casing and an outer casing according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a front view schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the lead-out sleeve in a pipeline lead-out structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the lead-out sleeve in a pipeline lead-out structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the gasket structure in a pipeline outlet structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of a gasket and a lead-out sleeve in a pipeline lead-out structure according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 6 This is a front view schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the floating ring in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a front view schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the mounting base in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a top view of the cover plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0034] 11-Inner casing, 111-Connecting seat, 12-Outer casing;

[0035] 2-Mounting base, 21-Stepped hole, 211-Large diameter hole, 212-Small diameter hole, 22-Second threaded hole, 23-Fasting bolt;

[0036] 3-Floating ring, 31-First truncated cone, 311-Second ring groove, 32-Second sealing ring;

[0037] 4-Cover plate, 41-Center hole, 42-Through hole;

[0038] 5-lead-out sleeve, 51-first sealing ring, 52-external thread, 53-second frustum, 531-square groove, 54-first annular groove, 55-threaded connector, 56-regular hexagonal boss;

[0039] 6-Wire thread insert;

[0040] 7-Gasket, 71-Linger. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0043] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0044] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0045] Example 1

[0046] like Figures 1 to 7 The diagram shows a pipe outlet structure provided in this embodiment, applied to a casing including an inner casing 11 and an outer casing 12. The pipe outlet structure includes a mounting base 2, a floating ring 3, a cover plate 4, and an outlet sleeve 5. The mounting base 2 is used to mount on the outer casing 12. A stepped hole 21 is formed through the mounting base 2 along the height direction. The large-diameter hole 211 of the stepped hole 21 is located at the end of the small-diameter hole 212 opposite to the inner casing 11. The floating ring 3 is fitted with the small-diameter hole 212 with clearance. A first frustum 31 protrudes radially from the outer side of the upper end of the floating ring 3 along the height direction. The first frustum 31 is clearance-fitted into the large-diameter hole 211; the cover plate 4 is used to restrict the movement of the floating ring 3 along the height direction, the cover plate 4 is disposed on the mounting base 2, and a central hole 41 is formed through the middle of the cover plate 4 along the height direction; the lead-out sleeve 5 is used to connect the inside of the casing and the outside, one end of the lead-out sleeve 5 is disposed on the inner casing 11; the other end of the lead-out sleeve 5 along the height direction is clearance-fitted with the inner hole of the floating ring 3 and the central hole 41, and extends to the outside of the outer casing 12 for external pipeline connection; a first sealing ring 51 is provided between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the inner hole of the floating ring 3. It can be understood that the height direction in this embodiment refers to Figure 1In this embodiment, the axial direction of sleeve 5 refers to the direction of height. Figure 1 The direction is parallel to the height direction; the interior of the sleeve 5 extends along the height direction to form a channel communicating with the inner cavity of the inner casing 11.

[0047] In this embodiment of the invention, the pipeline lead-out structure involves a floating ring 3 and a first frustum 31 being fitted with clearance within the small-diameter hole 212 and the large-diameter hole 211, respectively. A first sealing ring 51 is provided between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the inner hole of the floating ring 3. The first sealing ring 51 fills and seals the radial gap between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the inner hole of the floating ring 3, effectively preventing inadequate sealing inside the casing. The lead-out sleeve 5 moves radially within the stepped hole 21 along with the floating ring 3, achieving installation compensation and reducing the installation burden on the lead-out sleeve 5 on the outer casing 12. The positional accuracy of the holes improves the manufacturability, enhances product reliability, and reduces manufacturing costs. On the other hand, in the hot state of the casing (where the radial expansion of the inner casing 11 along the lead-out sleeve 5 is greater than that of the outer casing 12 along the lead-out sleeve 5), compensation is achieved for the radial offset of the lead-out sleeve 5 due to thermal expansion between the inner and outer casings 11 and 12. This prevents the lead-out sleeve 5 from being unable to release internal stress due to squeezing and rubbing against the casing wall, thus increasing the service life of the lead-out sleeve 5 and consequently extending the service life of the casing and the aero-engine. Simultaneously, because the lead-out sleeve 5 has a clearance fit with the inner hole of the floating ring 3 and the center hole 41 of the cover plate 4, in the hot state of the casing, the lead-out sleeve 5 can move relative to the inner hole of the floating ring 3 in the height direction away from the inner casing 11, achieving thermal expansion compensation along its own axis. Furthermore, by extending one end of the lead-out sleeve 5 along the height direction to the outside of the outer casing 12 as a pipe joint to connect with the external pipe, compared with the existing integrated pipe lead-out structure that passes through the casing, this pipe lead-out structure simplifies the structure and reduces the number of parts while realizing the functions of installation compensation and thermal expansion compensation. It enables one end of the lead-out sleeve 5 to be led out to the outside of the outer casing 12 to connect with the external pipe, which is convenient for disassembly and improves assembly and maintainability.

[0048] Understandably, the outer casing 12 is made of lightweight aluminum alloy, while the inner casing 11 is made of high-temperature alloy. One side of the outer casing 12 is in direct contact with the atmosphere, while the other side contains the bypass airflow, resulting in a relatively low overall wall temperature. One side of the inner casing 11 contains the bypass airflow, while the other side is subjected to the scouring of high-temperature and high-pressure gas from the compressor outlet. The temperature of the inner casing 11 is higher than that of the outer casing 12, resulting in a greater radial and axial expansion of the inner casing 11 along the lead-out sleeve 5 than that of the outer casing 12 in the hot state.

[0049] In some embodiments of the present invention, the mounting base 2 is made of lightweight aluminum alloy and is fixed to the outer casing 12 by welding. Since the mounting base 2 and the outer casing 12 are made of the same material, which facilitates welding, connecting the mounting base 2 and the outer casing 12 by welding facilitates assembly and ensures a secure connection. Of course, in other embodiments, the mounting base 2 can also be connected to the outer casing 12 by riveting or other structural methods.

[0050] To improve both the ease of assembling and disassembling external pipelines and the tightness of the lead-out sleeve 5 and the external pipeline assembly, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the end of the lead-out sleeve 5 extending outside the outer casing 12 is provided with a threaded connector 55 for connecting to an external pipeline.

[0051] In some embodiments of the present invention, the cover plate 4 is detachably connected to the mounting base 2; one end of the lead-out sleeve 5 is detachably connected to the inner casing 11. Compared with the existing integrated pipe lead-out structure passing through the casing, this embodiment adopts a detachable pipe lead-out structure, which makes it convenient to remove the cover plate 4 first to remove the restriction on the floating ring 3 in the height direction when the lead-out sleeve 5 needs to be removed for maintenance or replacement. Thus, after the lead-out sleeve 5 is removed from the inner casing 11, the lead-out sleeve 5 and the floating ring 3 can be separated from the casing, which simplifies the operation and improves assembly and maintainability.

[0052] This embodiment does not limit the detachable connection structure between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the inner casing 11, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, preferably, the pipeline outlet structure further includes a wire threaded sleeve 6 for mounting on the inner casing 11. The wire threaded sleeve 6 has an internally threaded hole extending through it along its height direction. The outlet sleeve 5 is provided with an external thread 52 that matches the internally threaded hole. The wire threaded sleeve 6 enhances the connection strength between the outlet sleeve 5 and the inner casing 11, improves connection conditions, avoids stripping and misalignment, and achieves excellent connection performance. Simultaneously, the wire threaded sleeve 6 also has an anti-loosening function, making it suitable for aero-engine applications requiring high safety margins. Figure 1 As shown, specifically, a connecting seat 111 is arranged along the height direction on the side of the inner casing 11 facing the outer casing 12. A connecting hole is formed through the connecting seat 111 along the height direction, and a wire thread sleeve 6 is disposed in the connecting hole. Of course, in other embodiments, the detachable connection structure between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the inner casing 11 can also be set as other structures such as snap-fit ​​and fastening.

[0053] To facilitate the rotation of the lead-out sleeve 5 and enable convenient assembly and disassembly of the lead-out sleeve 5 and the wire thread sleeve 6, such as Figures 1 to 3As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a regular hexagonal boss 56 is provided on the side wall of the end of the lead-out sleeve 5 extending outside the outer casing 12 to facilitate the application of force by a wrench; in order to avoid interference with the assembly of the lead-out sleeve 5 and the external pipeline, such as Figure 2 As shown, specifically, the hexagonal boss 56 is disposed opposite to the threaded joint 55 along the height direction. Figure 1 As shown, more specifically, the regular hexagonal boss 56 is fitted with a clearance within the central hole 41.

[0054] In some embodiments of the present invention, the radial movement compensation value of the lead-out sleeve 5 is the minimum of the following three values: the distance between the outer wall of the regular hexagonal boss 56 and the surrounding wall of the central hole 41 along the radial direction of the lead-out sleeve 5; the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the first frustum 31 and the surrounding wall of the large-diameter hole 211 along the radial direction of the lead-out sleeve 5; and the distance between the outer peripheral surface of the floating ring 3 and the surrounding wall of the small-diameter hole 212 along the radial direction of the lead-out sleeve 5. The radial movement compensation value of the lead-out sleeve 5 is set to 2 mm to 3 mm, and is preferably 2.5 mm in this embodiment. After verification by aero-engine tests, the radial movement compensation value of 2.5 mm along the lead-out sleeve 5 can basically meet the requirements for compensating for the radial offset of the outer casing 12 and inner casing 11 of different materials under hot conditions without producing other adverse effects.

[0055] This embodiment does not limit the detachable connection structure between the cover plate 4 and the mounting base 2. However, to ensure improved tightness of the connection between the cover plate 4 and the mounting base 2 while maintaining detachability, such as... Figure 1 , Figure 7 and Figure 8 As shown, preferably, the mounting base 2 has four second threaded holes 22 spaced apart along the contour of the mounting base 2 at one end facing the cover plate 4. A through hole 42 is formed on the cover plate 4 corresponding to each of the second threaded holes 22 along the height direction. During assembly, the fastening bolt 23 passes through the through hole 42 and is tightened into the corresponding second threaded hole 22. Of course, in other embodiments, the detachable connection structure between the cover plate 4 and the mounting base 2 can also be configured as a snap-fit ​​or other structure.

[0056] like Figure 1 and Figure 3As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a second frustum 53 is radially protruding from the outer side wall of the end of the lead-out sleeve 5 opposite to the cover plate 4 along the height direction; a gasket 7 is fitted onto the lead-out sleeve 5, the gasket 7 being restricted from circumferential rotation by the second frustum 53, and the gasket 7 being used to fit and seal between the second frustum 53 and the connecting seat 111 of the inner casing 11. The gasket 7 improves the sealing performance between the contact surfaces of the lead-out sleeve 5 and the connecting seat 111 of the inner casing 11, thereby improving the sealing performance of the casing opening position.

[0057] like Figures 1 to 5 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the sidewall of the second frustum 53 facing the gasket 7 is preferably provided with three square grooves 531 spaced apart along the circumference of the second frustum 53. The outer circumferential surface of the gasket 7 is provided with deformable tongues 71 corresponding to the square grooves 531 one by one along the circumferential direction. In use, the tongues 71 are flipped upward along the height direction and fitted into the square grooves 531 to form an integral installation structure. This can effectively prevent the gasket 7 from rotating circumferentially relative to the lead-out sleeve 5 during the installation process, further improving the sealing between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the connecting seat 111 of the inner casing 11. It can also prevent the gasket 7 from falling off during the process of removing the lead-out sleeve 5 from the wire thread sleeve 6.

[0058] To ensure that the first sealing ring 51 does not move axially relative to the lead-out sleeve 5 during the process of compensating for the thermal expansion axial offset between the inner casing 11 and the outer casing 12 by moving the lead-out sleeve 5 relative to the inner hole of the floating ring 3 in the height direction away from the inner casing 11, thus ensuring the sealing of the casing opening position; Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, the outer wall of the lead-out sleeve 5 is provided with a first annular groove 54 along the circumference of the lead-out sleeve 5, and the first sealing ring 51 is embedded in the first annular groove 54. It is understood that the axial offset mentioned in this embodiment refers to the amount of axial offset along the circumference of the lead-out sleeve 5. Figure 1 The offset in the direction parallel to the height direction.

[0059] like Figure 1 and Figure 6As shown, in some embodiments of the present invention, a second annular groove 311 is provided on the lower end face of the first frustum 31 along the circumference of the first frustum 31. A second sealing ring 32 is embedded in the second annular groove 311. The second sealing ring 32 is used to fit and seal between the first frustum 31 and the large-diameter hole 211. The second sealing ring 32 can improve the sealing performance between the mating surfaces of the first frustum 31 and the large-diameter hole 211, thereby improving the sealing performance of the casing opening position. At the same time, by embedding the second sealing ring 32 in the second annular groove 311, during the process of compensating for the radial offset of thermal expansion between the inner casing 11 and the outer casing 12 by the radial movement of the floating ring 3 along the lead-out sleeve 5 in the stepped hole 21, it is ensured that the second sealing ring 32 will not move radially relative to the first frustum 31, thereby ensuring the sealing performance of the casing opening position.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] The casing provided in this embodiment includes an outer casing 12, an inner casing 11, and a pipeline exit structure disposed on the outer casing 12 and the inner casing 11. The pipeline exit structure adopts the pipeline exit structure described in Embodiment 1.

[0062] In this embodiment of the invention, the casing has a floating ring 3 and a first frustum 31 fitted with clearance within the small-diameter hole 212 and the large-diameter hole 211, respectively. A first sealing ring 51 is provided between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the inner hole of the floating ring 3. The first sealing ring 51 fills and seals the radial gap between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the inner hole of the floating ring 3, effectively preventing poor internal sealing of the casing. The lead-out sleeve 5 moves radially within the stepped hole 21 along with the floating ring 3, achieving installation compensation and reducing the impact on the mounting holes of the lead-out sleeve 5 on the outer casing 12. The positioning accuracy requirement improves the manufacturability, enhances product reliability, and reduces manufacturing costs. On the other hand, it compensates for the radial offset of thermal expansion between the inner and outer casings 11 and 12 along the lead-out sleeve 5 when the casing is hot (at which point the radial expansion of the inner casing 11 along the lead-out sleeve 5 is greater than that of the outer casing 12 along the lead-out sleeve 5). This prevents the lead-out sleeve 5 from being unable to release internal stress due to squeezing and rubbing against the casing wall, thus increasing the service life of the lead-out sleeve 5 and consequently extending the service life of the casing and the aero-engine. Simultaneously, because the lead-out sleeve 5 has a clearance fit with the inner hole of the floating ring 3 and the center hole 41 of the cover plate 4, the lead-out sleeve 5 can move relative to the inner hole of the floating ring 3 in the height direction away from the inner casing 11 when the casing is hot, achieving thermal expansion compensation along its own axis. Furthermore, by extending one end of the lead-out sleeve 5 along the height direction to the outside of the outer casing 12 as a pipe connector to connect with external pipes, compared with the existing integrated pipe lead-out structure that passes through the casing, this casing simplifies the structure and reduces the number of parts while realizing the functions of installation compensation and thermal expansion compensation. It enables one end of the lead-out sleeve 5 to be led out to the outside of the outer casing 12 to connect with external pipes, making disassembly convenient and improving assembly and maintainability.

[0063] Example 3

[0064] This embodiment provides an aero-engine, including the pipeline lead-out structure described in Embodiment 1 or the casing described in Embodiment 2. In this embodiment, the aero-engine uses a floating ring 3 and a first frustum 31 in a clearance fit within a small-diameter bore 212 and a large-diameter bore 211, respectively. A first sealing ring 51 is provided between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the inner bore of the floating ring 3. The first sealing ring 51 fills and seals the radial gap between the lead-out sleeve 5 and the inner bore of the floating ring 3, effectively preventing poor sealing of the casing's interior. The lead-out sleeve 5 moves radially within the stepped bore 21 along with the floating ring 3, achieving installation compensation and reducing the mounting hole size of the lead-out sleeve 5 on the outer casing 12. The positioning accuracy requirement improves the manufacturability, enhances product reliability, and reduces manufacturing costs. On the other hand, it compensates for the radial offset of thermal expansion between the inner and outer casings 11 and 12 along the lead-out sleeve 5 when the casing is hot (where the radial expansion of the inner casing 11 along the lead-out sleeve 5 is greater than that of the outer casing 12 along the lead-out sleeve 5). This prevents the lead-out sleeve 5 from being unable to release internal stress due to squeezing and rubbing against the casing wall, thus increasing the service life of the lead-out sleeve 5 and consequently extending the service life of the casing and the aero-engine. Simultaneously, because the lead-out sleeve 5 has a clearance fit with the inner hole of the floating ring 3 and the center hole 41 of the cover plate 4, the lead-out sleeve 5 can move relative to the inner hole of the floating ring 3 in the height direction away from the inner casing 11 when the casing is hot, achieving thermal expansion compensation along its own axis. Meanwhile, by extending one end of the lead-out sleeve 5 along the height direction to the outside of the outer casing 12 as a pipe joint to connect with the external pipes, compared with the existing integrated pipe lead-out structure that passes through the casing, this aero-engine simplifies the structure and reduces the number of parts while realizing the functions of installation compensation and thermal expansion compensation. It enables one end of the lead-out sleeve 5 to be led out to the outside of the outer casing 12 to connect with the external pipes, which is convenient for disassembly and improves assembly and maintainability.

[0065] Obviously, the above embodiments are merely illustrative examples for clear explanation and are not intended to limit the implementation. Those skilled in the art will recognize that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is neither necessary nor possible to exhaustively list all possible implementations here. However, obvious variations or modifications derived therefrom are still within the scope of protection of this invention.

Claims

1. A pipe outlet structure, applied to a casing including an inner casing (11) and an outer casing (12), wherein the outer casing (12) is made of lightweight aluminum alloy and the inner casing (11) is made of high-temperature alloy, characterized in that, The pipeline outlet structure includes: Mounting base (2) is used to mount on outer casing (12). A stepped hole (21) is formed through the mounting base (2) along the height direction. The large diameter hole (211) of the stepped hole (21) is located at the end of the small diameter hole (212) away from the inner casing (11). A floating ring (3) is fitted with a clearance fit in the small diameter hole (212). The floating ring (3) has a first frustum (31) protruding radially on the outer side of one end opposite to the upper end in the height direction. The first frustum (31) is fitted with a clearance fit in the large diameter hole (211). A cover plate (4) is used to restrict the floating ring (3) from moving along the height direction. The cover plate (4) is disposed on the mounting base (2). A central hole (41) is formed through the middle of the cover plate (4) along the height direction. A lead-out sleeve (5) is used to connect the inside of the casing to the outside. One end of the lead-out sleeve (5) is set on the inner casing (11). The other end of the lead-out sleeve (5) along the height direction is clearance-fitted with the inner hole of the floating ring (3) and the center hole (41) and extends to the outside of the outer casing (12). The end of the lead-out sleeve (5) extending to the outside of the outer casing (12) is provided with a threaded joint (55) for connecting external pipelines. A first sealing rubber ring (51) is provided between the lead-out sleeve (5) and the inner hole of the floating ring (3). The lead-out sleeve (5) moves radially along the lead-out sleeve (5) in the stepped hole (21) with the floating ring (3). In the hot casing, the radial and axial expansion of the inner casing (11) along the lead-out sleeve (5) is greater than that of the outer casing (12) along the lead-out sleeve (5). On the hot casing, the lead-out sleeve (5) can move relative to the inner hole of the floating ring (3) in the height direction away from the inner casing (11).

2. The pipeline outlet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cover plate (4) is detachably connected to the mounting base (2); one end of the lead-out sleeve (5) is detachably connected to the inner casing (11).

3. The pipeline outlet structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, It also includes a wire threaded sleeve (6) for mounting on the inner casing (11), the wire threaded sleeve (6) having an internal threaded hole formed through it along the height direction; the lead-out sleeve (5) is provided with an external thread (52) that matches the internal threaded hole.

4. A pipeline outlet structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that, The mounting base (2) has a plurality of second threaded holes (22) spaced apart along the contour of the mounting base (2) at one end facing the cover plate (4). The cover plate (4) has a through hole (42) formed along the height direction for each of the second threaded holes (22). During assembly, the fastening bolt (23) passes through the through hole (42) and is tightened into the corresponding second threaded hole (22).

5. A pipeline outlet structure according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that, The lead-out sleeve (5) has a second truncated cone (53) protruding radially on the outer side wall of the end opposite to the cover plate (4) in the height direction; a gasket (7) is fitted on the lead-out sleeve (5), the gasket (7) is restricted from rotating in the circumferential direction by the second truncated cone (53), and the gasket (7) is used to fit and seal between the second truncated cone (53) and the inner casing (11).

6. The pipeline outlet structure according to claim 5, characterized in that, The second truncated cone (53) has a plurality of square grooves (531) spaced apart along its circumference on the side wall of one end facing the gasket (7). The outer circumferential surface of the gasket (7) is provided with deformable tongues (71) that correspond one-to-one with the square grooves (531). During installation, the tongues (71) are flipped upward along the height direction and fitted into the square grooves (531).

7. The pipeline outlet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The outer wall of the lead-out sleeve (5) is provided with a first annular groove (54) along the circumference of the lead-out sleeve (5), and the first sealing ring (51) is embedded in the first annular groove (54).

8. The pipeline outlet structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first truncated cone (31) has a second annular groove (311) on one end face that is lower in the height direction along the circumference of the first truncated cone (31). A second sealing ring (32) is embedded in the second annular groove (311). The second sealing ring (32) is used to fit and seal between the first truncated cone (31) and the large diameter hole (211).

9. A casing, comprising an outer casing (12), an inner casing (11), and a pipe lead-out structure disposed on the outer casing (12) and the inner casing (11), characterized in that, The pipeline exit structure adopts the pipeline exit structure described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. An aircraft engine, characterized in that, Includes the pipeline outlet structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 8.

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