A marine large-capacity hydrogen storage device and a filling method

Abstract

The application provides a large-capacity hydrogen storage device for a ship and a filling method. The device comprises a hydrogen supply unit, a hydrogen precooling unit, a hydrogen filling unit and a hydrogen filling pressure control unit. The hydrogen supply unit is connected with the hydrogen precooling unit through a supply pipeline. The outlet of the hydrogen precooling unit is connected with the inlet of the hydrogen filling unit through a precooling pipeline. The outlet of the hydrogen filling unit is connected with the hydrogen cylinder group of the ship through a filling pipeline. A precooling branch pipeline is arranged between the supply pipeline and the precooling pipeline. The hydrogen filling pressure control device controls the start and stop of hydrogen supply, cooling and filling of the hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen precooling unit and the hydrogen filling unit. The device can precool before hydrogen filling and control the filling pressure, so that the hydrogen filling is fast and safe.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of hydrogen refueling, and more specifically, to a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device and refueling method. Background Technology

[0002] During rapid hydrogen refueling, the temperature rises sharply due to the conversion of kinetic energy into internal energy, gas compression, and the Joule-Thomson effect generated when passing through the throttle valve. This can lead to uneven temperature distribution within the high-pressure cylinder, causing serious consequences. Therefore, it is necessary to propose a refueling method for large-capacity marine hydrogen storage devices to address the shortcomings of slow refueling and insufficient safety in traditional industries. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device and a refueling method to address the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] The embodiments of this application are implemented as follows:

[0005] This application provides a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device, characterized in that it includes a hydrogen supply unit, a hydrogen precooling unit, a hydrogen refueling unit, and a hydrogen refueling pressure control unit. The hydrogen supply unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen precooling unit via a supply pipeline, the outlet of the hydrogen precooling unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen refueling unit via a precooling pipeline, and the outlet of the hydrogen refueling unit is connected to a marine hydrogen cylinder group via a refueling pipeline. A precooling branch pipeline is provided between the supply pipeline and the precooling pipeline. The hydrogen refueling pressure control device controls the start and stop of hydrogen supply, cooling, and refueling of the hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen precooling unit, and the hydrogen refueling unit.

[0006] In some alternative implementations, a first solenoid valve, a first temperature transmitter, and a first pressure transmitter are installed on the supply line; a second solenoid valve, a second temperature transmitter, and a second pressure transmitter are installed on the precooling line; a third solenoid valve, a third temperature transmitter, and a third pressure transmitter are installed on the filling line; and a fourth solenoid valve is provided on the precooling branch line.

[0007] In some optional embodiments, the marine hydrogen cylinder group includes multiple hydrogen cylinders, each containing a hydrogen cylinder solenoid valve, a hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter, and a hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter. The hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter is located at the bottom of the hydrogen cylinder, and the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter is located at the filling port of the hydrogen cylinder.

[0008] In some optional implementations, the hydrogen refueling pressure control device includes a microcontroller unit and an audible and visual alarm device. The input terminals of the microcontroller unit are electrically connected to the first, second, and third hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitters and the first, second, and third hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitters, respectively, and the output terminals are electrically connected to the first, second, third, and fourth solenoid valves, the hydrogen cylinder solenoid valve, and the audible and visual alarm device, respectively.

[0009] In some alternative implementations, the hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen storage cylinder group or a hydrogen compressor, the hydrogen precooling unit is a cooler, and the hydrogen refueling unit is a hydrogen refueling gun.

[0010] A method for refueling a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0011] S1) After the hydrogen refueling unit is correctly connected to the marine hydrogen cylinder group, it sends a signal to the hydrogen refueling pressure control unit, which then starts the hydrogen supply unit and opens the first solenoid valve.

[0012] S2) Start the hydrogen precooling unit. Hydrogen enters the hydrogen precooling device for precooling through the first solenoid valve and supply pipeline.

[0013] S3) The hydrogen precooling device monitors the temperature T1 and T2 and pressure P1 and P2 of the hydrogen in the pipelines before and after it by using temperature transmitters and pressure transmitters on the supply pipeline and the precooling pipeline, and then controls the hydrogen output temperature T2.

[0014] S4) Open the second solenoid valve, and the pre-cooled hydrogen gas passes through the hydrogen filling device. Under the control of the third solenoid valve, the pressure drops from P2 to P3 and enters the hydrogen cylinder group.

[0015] S5) The microcontroller unit obtains the initial pressure P0 of the hydrogen cylinder before filling by the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter, and retrieves the corresponding final pressure P5 of different pressure standard cylinders in the database. It also monitors the pressure P4 inside the hydrogen cylinder in real time. The pressure P3 is always greater than the pressure P4 inside the hydrogen cylinder. The pressure difference ΔP = P3 - P4. Since the temperature inside the hydrogen cylinder will rise sharply in the early stage of filling, a filling strategy of slow first and then fast is adopted.

[0016] S6) When the microcontroller detects that the temperature T4 in the hydrogen cylinder is greater than or equal to the temporary refilling temperature threshold T through the hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter, it sends a signal to the microcontroller, which closes the current hydrogen cylinder solenoid valve, suspends the refilling of the current hydrogen cylinder for a certain period of time, and resumes the refilling of the current cylinder after the time delay.

[0017] S7) When the pressure P4 in the hydrogen cylinder is monitored by the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter and is greater than or equal to the end pressure P5, a signal is sent to the micro-control unit, which closes the solenoid valve of the current hydrogen cylinder, stops the filling of the current hydrogen cylinder, and fills the next hydrogen cylinder;

[0018] S8) When the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter monitors that all pressures P4 in the hydrogen cylinder group are greater than or equal to the end pressure P5, the hydrogen supply device is closed;

[0019] S9) When the hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter monitors that the temperature T4 of a certain hydrogen cylinder in the hydrogen cylinder group is greater than or equal to the temperature upper limit T5, the hydrogen filling device and the solenoid valve of this hydrogen cylinder are closed, and an audible and visual alarm signal is sent;

[0020] S10) When the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter monitors that P4 changes beyond a certain threshold, the first solenoid valve and the solenoid valve of the hydrogen cylinder are closed, and an audible and visual alarm signal is sent.

[0021] In some optional embodiments, the filling strategy includes the following:

[0022] Taking the filling pressure P0 + (P5 - P0) / 4 as the dividing line, the filling process is divided into two partial stages: the first quarter and the last three quarters. In the initial stage of filling, that is, in the first quarter stage, P4 < P0 + (P5 - P0) / 4, the opening of the third solenoid valve is controlled so that the filling pressure difference ΔP = P3 - P4 = 1% × P4, and at this time, the flow rate of the filled hydrogen is small; in the later stage of filling, that is, in the last three quarters stage, P4 > P0 + (P5 - P0) / 4, the opening of the third solenoid valve is controlled so that the filling pressure difference ΔP = P3 - P4 = 5% × P4, and at this time, the flow rate of the filled hydrogen is large; until the filling pressure P3 is equal to the end pressure P5, the linear pressure increase stops; when the pressure P4 in the hydrogen cylinder is equal to the end pressure P5, the filling process ends.

[0023] In some optional embodiments, the hydrogen output temperature T2 = -20°C.

[0024] In some optional embodiments, the postponed filling temperature threshold T = 70°C, and the duration of the suspended filling is 15 s.

[0025] In some optional embodiments, the temperature upper limit T5 = 85°C, and the certain threshold of the P4 pressure fluctuation is P4 > P3 + 7.5 MPa or P4 < P3 - 2.5 MPa.

[0026] The beneficial effects of this application are: This application provides a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device and refueling method. The hydrogen refueling pressure control device collects data from pressure transmitters and temperature transmitters, adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve, controls the hydrogen refueling rate, and monitors and alarms in abnormal situations, thereby solving the problems of long time consumption and low safety of traditional hydrogen refueling methods. Attached Figure Description

[0027] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of this application and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the apparatus according to an embodiment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a marine hydrogen cylinder according to an embodiment of this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the annotation process in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0031] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of this application described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0032] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of this application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed application, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the application. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this application without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0033] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0034] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this application is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0035] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0036] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "set up," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0038] The features and performance of this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0039] To address the shortcomings of slow hydrogen refueling and insufficient safety in traditional industries, this invention proposes a refueling method for a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device. It employs three technical means: hydrogen pre-cooling, refueling time delay, and slow-to-rapid flow rate during refueling, along with multiple sensors, to solve the problems of long refueling time and low safety in traditional hydrogen refueling processes.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device includes a hydrogen supply unit 1, a hydrogen precooling unit 2, a hydrogen refueling unit 3, and a hydrogen refueling pressure control unit 4. The hydrogen supply unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen precooling unit via a supply pipeline. The outlet of the hydrogen precooling unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen refueling unit via a precooling pipeline. The outlet of the hydrogen refueling unit is connected to a marine hydrogen cylinder group 5 via a refueling pipeline. A precooling branch pipeline is provided between the supply pipeline and the precooling pipeline. The hydrogen refueling pressure control device controls the start and stop of hydrogen supply, cooling, and refueling of the hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen precooling unit, and the hydrogen refueling unit, respectively.

[0041] In some alternative implementations, a first solenoid valve 6, a first temperature transmitter 7, and a first pressure transmitter 8 are installed on the supply line; a second solenoid valve 9, a second temperature transmitter 10, and a second pressure transmitter 11 are installed on the precooling line; a third solenoid valve 12, a third temperature transmitter 13, and a third pressure transmitter 14 are installed on the filling line; and a fourth solenoid valve 15 is provided on the precooling branch line.

[0042] like Figure 2 As shown, the marine hydrogen cylinder assembly includes multiple hydrogen cylinders 16. Each hydrogen cylinder contains a hydrogen cylinder solenoid valve 17, a hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter 18, and a hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter 19. The hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter is located at the bottom of the hydrogen cylinder, and the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter is located at the filling port. The hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter is located at the filling port to monitor the real-time pressure of the hydrogen cylinder. Because heat easily accumulates at the bottom of the hydrogen cylinder during filling, and the highest temperature often occurs there, the hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter is located at the bottom of the hydrogen cylinder to monitor the highest temperature during filling, ensuring a safe and reliable filling process.

[0043] In some optional implementations, the hydrogen refueling pressure control device includes a microcontroller unit and an audible and visual alarm device. The input terminals of the microcontroller unit are electrically connected to the first, second, and third hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitters and the first, second, and third hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitters, respectively. The output terminals are electrically connected to the first, second, third, and fourth solenoid valves, the hydrogen cylinder solenoid valve, and the audible and visual alarm device, respectively. The hydrogen refueling pressure control device acquires real-time temperature and pressure data from the temperature and pressure transmitters inside the hydrogen cylinder. Under the control of a pre-defined strategy, it controls the opening degree of the third solenoid valve to control the hydrogen refueling pressure, thereby ensuring the speed and safety of hydrogen refueling.

[0044] In some alternative implementations, the hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen storage cylinder group or a hydrogen compressor. The hydrogen storage cylinder group includes a high-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder, a medium-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder, a low-pressure hydrogen storage cylinder, and corresponding solenoid valves; the hydrogen compressor includes a low-pressure hydrogen source and a compressor. The hydrogen supply device outputs hydrogen at an appropriate pressure according to the different end pressures of the different refueling targets.

[0045] The hydrogen precooling unit is a cooler, and the hydrogen filling unit is a hydrogen filling gun.

[0046] like Figure 3 As shown, the method for refueling marine hydrogen cylinders using the above-mentioned refueling device includes the following steps:

[0047] S1) After the hydrogen refueling unit is correctly connected to the marine hydrogen cylinder group, it sends a signal to the hydrogen refueling pressure control unit, which then starts the hydrogen supply unit and opens the first solenoid valve.

[0048] S2) Start the hydrogen precooling unit. Hydrogen enters the hydrogen precooling device for precooling through the first solenoid valve and supply pipeline.

[0049] S3) The hydrogen precooling device monitors the temperature T1 and T2 and pressure P1 and P2 of the hydrogen in the pipelines before and after it by using temperature transmitters and pressure transmitters on the supply pipeline and the precooling pipeline, and then controls the hydrogen output temperature T2 = -20℃.

[0050] S4) Open the second solenoid valve, and the pre-cooled hydrogen gas passes through the hydrogen filling device. Under the control of the third solenoid valve, the pressure drops from P2 to P3 and enters the hydrogen cylinder group.

[0051] S5) The microcontroller unit obtains the initial pressure P0 of the hydrogen cylinder before filling by the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter, and retrieves the corresponding final pressure P5 of different pressure standard cylinders in the database. It also monitors the pressure P4 inside the hydrogen cylinder in real time. The pressure P3 is always greater than the pressure P4 inside the hydrogen cylinder. The pressure difference ΔP = P3 - P4. Since the temperature inside the hydrogen cylinder will rise sharply in the early stage of filling, a filling strategy of slow first and then fast is adopted.

[0052] S6) When the microcontroller detects that the temperature T4 in the hydrogen cylinder is greater than or equal to the temporary refilling temperature threshold T = 70℃ through the hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter, it sends a signal to the microcontroller to close the current hydrogen cylinder solenoid valve, suspend the refilling of the current hydrogen cylinder for a certain period of time, and resume refilling of the current cylinder after a time delay of 15s.

[0053] S7) When the pressure P4 in the hydrogen cylinder is detected by the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter to be greater than or equal to the end pressure P5, a signal is sent to the microcontroller unit, which closes the current hydrogen cylinder solenoid valve, stops the filling of the current hydrogen cylinder, and fills the next hydrogen cylinder.

[0054] S8) When the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter detects that all pressures P4 in the hydrogen cylinder group are greater than or equal to the termination pressure P5, shut off the hydrogen supply device.

[0055] S9) When the temperature transmitter of the hydrogen cylinder monitors that the temperature T4 of a certain hydrogen cylinder in the hydrogen cylinder group is greater than or equal to the temperature upper limit T5 = 85 °C, the hydrogen filling device and the electromagnetic valve of this hydrogen cylinder are closed, and an audible and visual alarm signal is issued;

[0056] S10) During the filling process, normal pressure fluctuations will occur in P4. When the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter monitors that the change in P4 exceeds a certain threshold, that is, when P4 > P3 + 7.5 MPa or P4 < P3 - 2.5 MPa, the hydrogen supply device and the electromagnetic valves in the hydrogen cylinder group are closed, and an audible and visual alarm signal is issued.

[0057] In some optional embodiments, the filling strategy includes the following:

[0058] Taking the filling pressure P0 + (P5 - P0) / 4 as the dividing line, the filling process is divided into two partial stages: the first quarter and the last three quarters. In the initial stage of filling, that is, in the first quarter stage, P4 < P0 + (P5 - P0) / 4, the opening of the third electromagnetic valve is controlled so that the filling pressure difference ΔP = P3 - P4 = 1% × P4, and at this time the flow rate of the filled hydrogen is small; in the later stage of filling, that is, in the last three quarters stage, P4 > P0 + (P5 - P0) / 4, the opening of the third electromagnetic valve is controlled so that the filling pressure difference ΔP = P3 - P4 = 5% × P4, and at this time the flow rate of the filled hydrogen is large; until the filling pressure P3 is equal to the end pressure P5, the linear pressure boost stops; when the pressure P4 in the hydrogen cylinder is equal to the end pressure P5, the filling process ends.

[0059] As described above, it is only the preferred implementation manner of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be thought of by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention without creative labor should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.

Claims

1. A method for refueling a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device, the large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device comprising a hydrogen supply unit, a hydrogen precooling unit, a hydrogen refueling unit, and a hydrogen refueling pressure control unit, wherein the hydrogen supply unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen precooling unit via a supply pipeline, the outlet of the hydrogen precooling unit is connected to the inlet of the hydrogen refueling unit via a precooling pipeline, the outlet of the hydrogen refueling unit is connected to a marine hydrogen cylinder group via a refueling pipeline, a precooling branch pipeline is provided between the supply pipeline and the precooling pipeline, and the hydrogen refueling pressure control unit controls the start and stop of hydrogen supply, cooling, and refueling of the hydrogen supply unit, the hydrogen precooling unit, and the hydrogen refueling unit respectively; a first solenoid valve, a first temperature transmitter, and a first pressure transmitter are installed on the supply pipeline, and a second solenoid valve, a second temperature transmitter, and a second pressure transmitter are installed on the precooling pipeline; the refueling... A third solenoid valve, a third temperature transmitter, and a third pressure transmitter are installed on the pipeline. A fourth solenoid valve is installed on the pre-cooling branch pipeline. The marine hydrogen cylinder group includes multiple hydrogen cylinders. Each hydrogen cylinder is equipped with a hydrogen cylinder solenoid valve, a hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter, and a hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter. The hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter is located at the bottom of the hydrogen cylinder, and the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter is located at the filling port of the hydrogen cylinder. The hydrogen filling pressure control unit includes a microcontroller and an audible and visual alarm device. The input terminal of the microcontroller is electrically connected to the first temperature transmitter, the second temperature transmitter, the third temperature transmitter, the hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter, the first pressure transmitter, the second pressure transmitter, the third pressure transmitter, and the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter, respectively. The output terminal is electrically connected to the first solenoid valve, the second solenoid valve, the third solenoid valve, the fourth solenoid valve, the hydrogen cylinder solenoid valve, and the audible and visual alarm device, respectively. Its features are, Includes the following steps: S1) After the hydrogen refueling unit is correctly connected to the marine hydrogen cylinder group, it sends a signal to the hydrogen refueling pressure control unit, which then starts the hydrogen supply unit and opens the first solenoid valve. S2) Start the hydrogen precooling unit. Hydrogen enters the hydrogen precooling device for precooling through the first solenoid valve and supply pipeline. S3) The hydrogen precooling device monitors the temperature T1 and T2 and pressure P1 and P2 of the hydrogen in the pipelines before and after it by using temperature transmitters and pressure transmitters on the supply pipeline and the precooling pipeline, and then controls the hydrogen output temperature T2. S4) Open the second solenoid valve, and the pre-cooled hydrogen gas passes through the hydrogen filling device. Under the control of the third solenoid valve, the pressure drops from P2 to P3 and enters the hydrogen cylinder group. S5) The microcontroller unit obtains the initial pressure P0 of the hydrogen cylinder before filling by the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter, and retrieves the corresponding final pressure P5 of different pressure standard cylinders in the database. It also monitors the pressure P4 inside the hydrogen cylinder in real time. The pressure P3 is always greater than the pressure P4 inside the hydrogen cylinder. The pressure difference ΔP = P3 - P4. Since the temperature inside the hydrogen cylinder will rise sharply in the early stage of filling, a filling strategy of slow first and then fast is adopted. S6) When the microcontroller unit monitors through the hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter that the temperature T4 in the hydrogen cylinder is greater than or equal to the deferred filling temperature threshold T, it sends a signal to the microcontroller unit to close the solenoid valve of the current hydrogen cylinder, pause the filling of the current hydrogen cylinder for a certain period of time, and resume the filling of the current cylinder after a time lag; S7) When it is monitored through the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter that the pressure P4 in the hydrogen cylinder is greater than or equal to the end pressure P5, a signal is sent to the microcontroller unit to close the solenoid valve of the current hydrogen cylinder, stop the filling of the current hydrogen cylinder, and fill the next hydrogen cylinder; S8) When it is monitored by the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter that all the pressures P4 in the hydrogen cylinder group are greater than or equal to the end pressure P5, the hydrogen supply device is closed; S9) When the hydrogen cylinder temperature transmitter monitors that the temperature T4 of a certain hydrogen cylinder in the hydrogen cylinder group is greater than or equal to the temperature upper limit T5, the hydrogen filling device and the solenoid valve of this hydrogen cylinder are closed, and an audible and visual alarm signal is issued; S10) When the hydrogen cylinder pressure transmitter monitors that the change in P4 exceeds a certain threshold, the first solenoid valve and the solenoid valve of the hydrogen cylinder are closed, and an audible and visual alarm signal is issued.

2. The method for refueling a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The filling strategy includes the following contents: Taking the filling pressure P0 + (P5 - P0) / 4 as the dividing line, the filling process is divided into two partial stages: the first quarter and the last three quarters. In the initial stage of filling, that is, in the first quarter stage, P4 < P0 + (P5 - P0) / 4, the opening degree of the third solenoid valve is controlled so that the filling pressure difference ΔP = P3 - P4 = 1%×P4, and at this time the flow rate of the filled hydrogen is small; in the later stage of filling, that is, in the last three quarters stage, P4 > P0 + (P5 - P0) / 4, the opening degree of the third solenoid valve is controlled so that the filling pressure difference ΔP = P3 - P4 = 5%×P4, and at this time the flow rate of the filled hydrogen is large; until the filling pressure P3 is equal to the end pressure P5, the linear pressure increase stops; when the pressure P4 in the hydrogen cylinder is equal to the end pressure P5, the filling process ends.

3. The method for refueling a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The hydrogen output temperature T2 = -20°C.

4. A method for refueling a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The deferred filling temperature threshold T = 70°C, and the certain period of pausing the filling is 15 s.

5. The method for refueling a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The temperature upper limit T5 = 85°C, and the certain threshold of the P4 pressure fluctuation is P4 > P3 + 7.5 MPa or P4 < P3 - 2.5 MPa.

6. A method for refueling a large-capacity marine hydrogen storage device according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The hydrogen supply unit is a hydrogen storage cylinder group or a hydrogen compressor, the hydrogen precooling unit is a cooler, and the hydrogen filling unit is a hydrogen filling gun.

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