A solar-based distributed energy system

Abstract

The application relates to a solar-based distributed energy system and belongs to the field of energy and environment. The application comprises a high-temperature solar heat collector, a high-pressure storage tank, a flash evaporator, a high-pressure stage turbine, a condenser, a mixing tank, a circulating pump, a throttle valve, a low-pressure stage turbine, a low-pressure stage heat exchanger, a working medium pump, a domestic hot water tank, a cooling tower and an electricity storage module. The above components constitute a double-flash direct-heat type cycle, an organic Rankine cycle, an electricity storage loop, three cooling water circulation loops and two intelligent control loops. The application realizes the cascade utilization of high-temperature solar energy and meets the electricity and domestic hot water demands of users. The high-temperature solar heat collector is used to directly heat the circulating working medium, the two-stage flash evaporation and the organic Rankine cycle are combined to realize the cascade utilization of heat energy, the multi-loop cooling system is used to realize the full utilization of heat energy considering the domestic hot water demand, the intelligent control loop is introduced to realize the multi-parameter operation regulation of the system and ensure efficient operation, and the electricity storage module is combined to ensure the stability of energy supply considering the intermittency of energy.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to a solar-based distributed energy system, belonging to the field of energy and environment. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solar energy resources have the advantages of abundant reserves, zero pollution, easy access and wide distribution. In the context of energy crisis and environmental problems becoming increasingly serious, it is of great significance to make full use of solar energy resources. Solar power generation and heat utilization are the main ways of utilizing solar energy. Restricted by the huge cost of long-distance energy transmission, the development of distributed energy systems has great social and economic value.

[0003] Solar photo-thermal power generation is a technology that converts light energy into heat energy through the use of a heat collector, and then uses heat power conversion cycle to realize solar power generation. Solar energy has the characteristics of low energy flow density and large time variability. How to efficiently, economically and safely utilize solar energy resources is a problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0004] In view of the characteristics of solar energy and the purpose of efficient utilization of solar energy, the present application uses a high-temperature solar heat collector to directly heat the working fluid of the power cycle, simplifies the system structure, and avoids the loss of secondary heat transfer. Two-stage throttling combined with organic Rankine cycle is adopted to realize the step-by-step efficient utilization of energy. Combined with the energy demand of distributed energy users and multi-loop cooling system, the solar energy is used for both heat and electricity, further improving the energy utilization efficiency. Considering the variability of solar energy, the power storage system and intelligent control loop are introduced to realize stable and efficient energy supply of the system. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a solar-based distributed energy system, which can realize step-by-step efficient utilization of solar energy.

[0006] The technical problem of the present application is solved by a kind of distributed energy system based on solar energy, including high temperature solar collector (1), high pressure storage tank (2), flash evaporator (3), high pressure turbine (4), first condenser (5), mixing tank (6), circulating pump (7), throttle valve (8), first low pressure turbine (9), low pressure heat exchanger (10), second low pressure turbine (11), second condenser (12), working medium pump (13), third condenser (14), hot water tank (15), cooling tower (16), power storage module (17), operating first parameter measuring instrument (18), first microcomputer processor (19), operating second parameter measuring instrument (20), second microcomputer processor (21);The outlet of the high temperature solar collector (1) is connected with the inlet of high pressure storage tank (2), the outlet of high pressure storage tank (2) is connected with the inlet of flash evaporator (3), the outlet at the top of flash evaporator (3) is connected with the inlet of high pressure turbine (4), the outlet at the bottom of flash evaporator (3) is connected with the inlet of throttle valve (8), the outlet of throttle valve (8) is connected with the inlet of first low pressure turbine (9), the outlet of first low pressure turbine (9) is connected with the inlet of low pressure heat exchanger (10) hot fluid side, the outlet of low pressure heat exchanger (10) hot fluid side is connected with the inlet of third condenser (14) hot fluid side, the outlet of third condenser (14) hot fluid side is connected with the inlet of mixing tank (6), the outlet of high pressure turbine (4) is connected with the inlet of first condenser (5) hot fluid side, the outlet of first condenser (5) hot fluid side is connected with the inlet of mixing tank (6), the outlet of mixing tank (6) is connected with the inlet of circulating pump (7), the outlet of circulating pump (7) is connected with the inlet of high temperature solar collector (1) respectively through pipeline, to constitute double flash direct heating type circulating pipeline;The outlet of working medium pump (13) is connected with the inlet of low pressure heat exchanger (10) cold fluid side, the outlet of low pressure heat exchanger (10) cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of second low pressure turbine (11), the outlet of second low pressure turbine (11) is connected with the inlet of second condenser (12) hot fluid side, the outlet of second condenser (12) hot fluid side is connected with the inlet of working medium pump (13) respectively through pipeline, to constitute organic rankine cycle pipeline;The high pressure turbine (4), first low pressure turbine (9), second low pressure turbine (11) are connected with power storage module (17) respectively through line, to constitute storage circuit;The outlet at the bottom of cooling tower (16) is connected with the inlet of first condenser (5) cold fluid side, the outlet of first condenser (5) cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of hot water tank (15), the outlet of hot water tank (15) is connected with the inlet of cooling tower (16) respectively through pipeline, to constitute first cooling water circulation loop;The outlet at the bottom of cooling tower (16) is connected with the inlet of second condenser (12) cold fluid side, the outlet of second condenser (12) cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of hot water tank (15), the outlet of hot water tank (15) is connected with the inlet of cooling tower (16) respectively through pipeline, to constitute second cooling water circulation loop.The outlet of the bottom of the cooling tower (16) is connected with the inlet of the cold fluid side of the third condenser (14) through a pipeline, the outlet of the cold fluid side of the third condenser (14) is connected with the inlet of the hot water tank (15) through a pipeline, the outlet of the hot water tank (15) is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower (16) through a pipeline, so as to form a third cooling water circulation loop; the running first parameter measuring instrument (18) is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank (2), the first parameter measuring instrument (18) is connected with the first microcomputer processor (19) through a line, the first microcomputer processor (19) is connected with the circulating pump (7) through a line, the first microcomputer processor (19) is connected with the valve in the flash evaporator (3) through a line, and the first microcomputer processor (19) is connected with the throttling valve (8) through a line, so as to form a first intelligent control loop; the running second parameter measuring instrument (20) is installed at the outlet of the first low-pressure stage turbine (9), the second parameter measuring instrument (20) is connected with the second microcomputer processor (21) through a line, and the second microcomputer processor (21) is connected with the working medium pump (13) through a line, so as to form a second intelligent control loop.

[0007] Preferably, the double-flash direct-heating cycle adopts one of a dish-type solar collector, a parabolic trough solar collector and a tower-type solar collector.

[0008] Preferably, the electricity storage module adopts one or more of a lead-acid battery, a polymer lithium battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery and a ternary lithium ion battery.

[0009] Preferably, the working fluid in the double-flash direct-heating cycle pipeline adopts one or a mixture of toluene, cyclohexane, pentane, silicon ether, R236ea, R141b, R365mfc, dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, n-propylcyclohexane, R245ca, R113, p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene, methylcyclohexane, water, decane, nonane, isooctane, octane and heptane. The working fluid in the organic Rankine cycle pipeline adopts one or a mixture of toluene, R152a, R142b, R22, R123, R134a, R245fa, propane, R143a, R32, R23, pentane, isopentane, n-pentane, n-hexane, butane and isobutane.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the application has the following advantages:

[0011] (1) The high-temperature solar collector is used to directly heat the circulating working medium, so that the energy loss of secondary heat transfer is reduced; and the two-stage flash evaporation and the organic Rankine cycle are combined, so that the cascade utilization of heat energy is realized.

[0012] (2) The three-loop cooling system coupled with the heat storage water tank is adopted according to the energy utilization characteristics of the distributed energy, so that the heat energy is fully utilized.

[0013] (3) Considering the intermittence and time-varying of solar energy, an intelligent control loop is introduced to realize the operation adjustment of multiple systems and multiple parameters, ensure the efficient operation of the system, and ensure the stability of energy supply in combination with the power storage module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0014] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a distributed energy system based on solar energy according to the present application; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0015] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0016] Referring to Figure 1 , the distributed energy system based on solar energy according to the embodiments of the present application comprises a high-temperature solar heat collector (1), a high-pressure storage tank (2), a flash evaporator (3), a high-pressure stage turbine (4), a first condenser (5), a mixing tank (6), a circulating pump (7), a throttling valve (8), a first low-pressure stage turbine (9), a low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10), a second low-pressure stage turbine (11), a second condenser (12), a working medium pump (13), a third condenser (14), a domestic hot water tank (15), a cooling tower (16), a power storage module (17), a first parameter measuring instrument (18), a first microcomputer processor (19), a second parameter measuring instrument (20), and a second microcomputer processor (21).

[0017] The outlet of the high-temperature solar heat collector (1) is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure storage tank (2), the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank (2) is connected to the inlet of the flash evaporator (3), the outlet at the top of the flash evaporator (3) is connected to the inlet of the high-pressure stage turbine (4), the outlet at the bottom of the flash evaporator (3) is connected to the inlet of the throttling valve (8), the outlet of the throttling valve (8) is connected to the inlet of the first low-pressure stage turbine (9), the outlet of the first low-pressure stage turbine (9) is connected to the inlet of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) on the hot fluid side, the outlet of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) on the hot fluid side is connected to the inlet of the third condenser (14) on the hot fluid side, the outlet of the third condenser (14) on the hot fluid side is connected to the inlet of the mixing tank (6), the outlet of the first condenser (5) on the hot fluid side is connected to the inlet of the mixing tank (6), the outlet of the mixing tank (6) is connected to the inlet of the circulating pump (7), and the outlet of the circulating pump (7) is connected to the inlet of the high-temperature solar heat collector (1) through a pipeline, so as to form a double-flash direct-heat type circulating pipeline.

[0018] The outlet of the working medium pump (13) is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) cold fluid side through a pipeline, the outlet of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of the second low-pressure stage turbine (11) through a pipeline, the outlet of the second low-pressure stage turbine (11) is connected with the inlet of the second condenser (12) hot fluid side through a pipeline, and the outlet of the second condenser (12) hot fluid side is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump (13) through a pipeline, so as to form an organic Rankine cycle pipeline.

[0019] The high-pressure stage turbine (4), the first low-pressure stage turbine (9) and the second low-pressure stage turbine (11) are connected with the power storage module (17) through lines, so as to form a power storage circuit.

[0020] The outlet of the cooling tower (16) bottom is connected with the inlet of the first condenser (5) cold fluid side through a pipeline, the outlet of the first condenser (5) cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of the domestic hot water tank (15) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the domestic hot water tank (15) is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower (16) through a pipeline, so as to form a first cooling water circulation circuit.

[0021] The outlet of the cooling tower (16) bottom is connected with the inlet of the second condenser (12) cold fluid side through a pipeline, the outlet of the second condenser (12) cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of the domestic hot water tank (15) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the domestic hot water tank (15) is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower (16) through a pipeline, so as to form a second cooling water circulation circuit.

[0022] The outlet of the cooling tower (16) bottom is connected with the inlet of the third condenser (14) cold fluid side through a pipeline, the outlet of the third condenser (14) cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of the domestic hot water tank (15) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the domestic hot water tank (15) is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower (16) through a pipeline, so as to form a third cooling water circulation circuit.

[0023] The first parameter measuring instrument (18) is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank (2), the first parameter measuring instrument (18) is connected with the first microcomputer processor (19) through a line, the first microcomputer processor (19) is connected with the circulating pump (7) through a line, the first microcomputer processor (19) is connected with the valve in the flash evaporator (3) through a line, and the first microcomputer processor (19) is connected with the throttle valve (8) through a line, so as to form a first intelligent control circuit.

[0024] The second parameter measuring instrument (20) is installed at the outlet of the first low-pressure stage turbine (9), the second parameter measuring instrument (20) is connected with the second microcomputer processor (21) through a line, and the second microcomputer processor (21) is connected with the working medium pump (13) through a line, so as to form a second intelligent control circuit.

[0025] The working principle of the application is as follows:

[0026] The double-flash direct heat type circulation pipeline is as follows: the working medium absorbs heat in the high-temperature solar collector (1), and then flows out from the outlet, enters the high-pressure storage tank (2) for storage, then flows out from the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank (2), enters the flash evaporator (3) for throttling flash evaporation, then the saturated gas-phase working medium flows out from the top outlet of the flash evaporator (3) and enters the high-pressure stage turbine (4) to expand and do work, generates electricity, then the spent gas after work is completed enters the first condenser (5) to exchange heat with cooling water and condenses, then enters the mixing tank (6), then flows out from the mixing tank (6) after being pressurized by the circulating pump (7), and reenters the high-temperature solar collector (1); the saturated liquid-phase working medium in the flash evaporator (3) flows out from the bottom outlet of the flash evaporator (3), and after being throttled by the throttling valve (8), enters the first low-pressure stage turbine (9) to expand and do work, generates electricity, then enters the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) to exchange heat with the organic Rankine cycle working medium, after heat exchange is completed, enters the third condenser (14) to condense, then flows out from the third condenser (14), enters the mixing tank (6), flows out from the mixing tank (6) after being pressurized by the circulating pump (7), and reenters the high-temperature solar collector (1), to complete one cycle.

[0027] The organic Rankine cycle pipeline is as follows: the working medium flows out from the second condenser (12) after being pressurized by the working medium pump (13), then enters the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) to absorb heat and evaporate, then enters the second low-pressure stage turbine (11) to expand and do work, generates electricity, then the spent gas after work is completed reenters the second condenser (12) to condense, to complete one cycle.

[0028] The electricity storage circuit is as follows: the electric energy generated by the high-pressure stage turbine (4), the first low-pressure stage turbine (9) and the second low-pressure stage turbine (11) enters the power storage module (17) through the power transmission line, and stores the electric energy in the battery.

[0029] The first cooling water circulation circuit is as follows: the cooling water flows out from the bottom outlet of the cooling tower (16), enters the first condenser (5) to exchange heat with the working medium, after heat exchange is completed, enters the domestic hot water tank (15), and after meeting the demand for domestic hot water, part of the hot water flows back to the cooling tower (16) to be cooled again, to complete one cycle.

[0030] The second cooling water circulation circuit is as follows: the cooling water flows out from the bottom outlet of the cooling tower (16), enters the second condenser (12) to exchange heat with the working medium, after heat exchange is completed, enters the domestic hot water tank (15), and after meeting the demand for domestic hot water, part of the hot water flows back to the cooling tower (16) to be cooled again, to complete one cycle.

[0031] The second cooling water circulation loop is as follows: Cooling water flows out through the outlet at the bottom of the cooling tower (16) and enters the third condenser (14) to exchange heat with the working fluid. After the heat exchange is completed, it enters the domestic hot water tank (15). After meeting the domestic hot water demand, a portion of the hot water flows back to the cooling tower (16) to be cooled again, completing one cycle.

[0032] The first intelligent control loop is as follows: the working fluid operating parameters (flow rate, temperature, pressure) are measured by the first operating parameter measuring instrument (18) and transmitted to the first microcomputer processor (19). After optimization calculation by the first microcomputer processor (19), the optimal throttling pressure and heat absorption pressure are obtained. Then, the valves and throttling valves (8) in the flash evaporator (3) and the circulating pump (7) are respectively controlled by electrical signals to complete the intelligent control of the double flash direct heating circulation pipeline.

[0033] The second intelligent control loop is as follows: the working fluid operating parameters (flow rate, temperature, pressure) are measured by the second operating parameter measuring instrument (20) and transmitted to the second microcomputer processor (21). After optimization calculation by the second microcomputer processor (21), the optimal heat absorption pressure is obtained, and then the working fluid pump (13) is regulated in the form of electrical signals to complete the intelligent regulation of the organic Rankine circulation pipeline.

[0034] In this embodiment, the energy storage module (17) adopts one or more of the following: lead-acid battery, polymer lithium battery, lithium iron phosphate battery, and ternary lithium-ion battery.

[0035] In this embodiment, the working fluid in the double flash direct-heating circulation pipeline is one or a mixture of toluene, cyclohexane, pentane, silyl ether, R236ea, R141b, R365mfc, dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, n-propylcyclohexane, R245ca, R113, p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene, methylcyclohexane, water, decane, nonane, isooctane, octane, and heptane; the working fluid in the organic Rankine circulation pipeline is a pure organic working fluid or a mixture of toluene, R152a, R142b, R22, R123, R134a, R245fa, propane, R143a, R32, R23, pentane, isopentane, n-pentane, n-hexane, butane, and isobutane.

[0036] To improve reliability, the circulation pipeline is purged with nitrogen and evacuated before the working medium is injected.

[0037] Through the above methods, the solar-based distributed energy system of this invention can economically and efficiently utilize solar energy.

[0038] The above merely illustrates the embodiments of the present application, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present application, and any equivalent structure or equivalent process conversion, or direct or indirect application in other related technical fields, are also included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A solar based distributed energy system characterized by: High-temperature solar collector (1), high-pressure storage tank (2), flash evaporator (3), high-pressure stage turbine (4), first condenser (5), mixing tank (6), circulating pump (7), throttle valve (8), first low-pressure stage turbine (9), low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10), second low-pressure stage turbine (11), second condenser (12), working medium pump (13), third condenser (14), domestic hot water tank (15), cooling tower (16), power storage module (17), operating first parameter measuring instrument (18), first microcomputer processor (19), operating second parameter measuring instrument (20), second microcomputer processor (21); The outlet of the high-temperature solar collector (1) is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure storage tank (2), the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank (2) is connected with the inlet of the flash evaporator (3), the outlet at the top of the flash evaporator (3) is connected with the inlet of the high-pressure stage turbine (4), the outlet at the bottom of the flash evaporator (3) is connected with the inlet of the throttle valve (8), the outlet of the throttle valve (8) is connected with the inlet of the first low-pressure stage turbine (9), the outlet of the first low-pressure stage turbine (9) is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) on the hot fluid side, the outlet of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) on the hot fluid side is connected with the inlet of the third condenser (14) on the hot fluid side, the outlet of the third condenser (14) on the hot fluid side is connected with the inlet of the mixing tank (6), the outlet of the high-pressure stage turbine (4) is connected with the inlet of the first condenser (5) on the hot fluid side, the outlet of the first condenser (5) on the hot fluid side is connected with the inlet of the mixing tank (6), the outlet of the mixing tank (6) is connected with the inlet of the circulating pump (7), and the outlet of the circulating pump (7) is connected with the inlet of the high-temperature solar collector (1), so as to form a double-flash direct heating type circulating pipeline. The outlet of the working medium pump (13) is connected with the inlet of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) on the cold fluid side, the outlet of the low-pressure stage heat exchanger (10) on the cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of the second low-pressure stage turbine (11), the outlet of the second low-pressure stage turbine (11) is connected with the inlet of the second condenser (12) on the hot fluid side, and the outlet of the second condenser (12) on the hot fluid side is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump (13), so as to form an organic Rankine cycle pipeline. The high-pressure stage turbine (4), the first low-pressure stage turbine (9) and the second low-pressure stage turbine (11) are connected with the power storage module (17) through lines, so as to form a power storage circuit. The outlet at the bottom of the cooling tower (16) is connected with the inlet of the first condenser (5) on the cold fluid side, the outlet of the first condenser (5) on the cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of the domestic hot water tank (15), and the outlet of the domestic hot water tank (15) is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower (16), so as to form a first cooling water circulating circuit. The outlet at the bottom of the cooling tower (16) is connected with the inlet of the second condenser (12) on the cold fluid side, the outlet of the second condenser (12) on the cold fluid side is connected with the inlet of the domestic hot water tank (15), and the outlet of the domestic hot water tank (15) is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower (16), so as to form a second cooling water circulating circuit. The outlet of the bottom of the cooling tower (16) is connected with the inlet of the cold fluid side of the third condenser (14) through a pipeline, the outlet of the cold fluid side of the third condenser (14) is connected with the inlet of the hot water tank (15) through a pipeline, and the outlet of the hot water tank (15) is connected with the inlet of the cooling tower (16) through a pipeline, so as to form a third cooling water circulation loop. The running first parameter measuring instrument (18) is installed at the outlet of the high-pressure storage tank (2), the first parameter measuring instrument (18) is connected with the first microcomputer processor (19) through a line, the first microcomputer processor (19) is connected with the circulating pump (7) through a line, the first microcomputer processor (19) is connected with the valve in the flash evaporator (3) through a line, and the first microcomputer processor (19) is connected with the throttle valve (8) through a line, so as to form a first intelligent control loop. The running second parameter measuring instrument (20) is installed at the outlet of the first low-pressure stage turbine (9), the second parameter measuring instrument (20) is connected with the second microcomputer processor (21) through a line, and the second microcomputer processor (21) is connected with the working medium pump (13) through a line, so as to form a second intelligent control loop.

2. A solar based distributed energy system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The power storage module adopts one or more of a lead-acid battery, a polymer lithium battery, a lithium iron phosphate battery and a ternary lithium ion battery.

3. A solar based distributed energy system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The working fluid in the double-flash direct heating type circulation pipeline adopts one or a mixture of toluene, cyclohexane, pentane, silicon ether, R236ea, R141b, R365mfc, dichloroethane, chlorobenzene, n-propylcyclohexane, R245ca, R113, p-xylene, m-xylene, o-xylene, methylcyclohexane, water, decane, nonane, isooctane, octane and heptane; and the working fluid in the organic Rankine cycle pipeline adopts one or a mixture of toluene, R152a, R142b, R22, R123, R134a, R245fa, propane, R143a, R32, R23, pentane, isopentane, n-pentane, n-hexane, butane, isobutane, pure organic working medium or a mixture thereof.

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