Surgical instrument

Abstract

The application discloses a surgical instrument, which comprises an operating assembly, a jaw assembly connected with the operating assembly, and a cutting knife assembly, wherein the operating assembly comprises a handle, a closing mechanism connected with the jaw assembly, a limiting piece, and a matching piece; when in a locking position, the limiting piece is in limited cooperation with the matching piece to prevent cooperation between the matching piece and a cutting knife driving piece; in response to first actuation of the handle, the closing mechanism drives the jaw assembly to switch from an open position to a closed position and keeps the jaw assembly in the closed position, and drives the limiting piece to switch from the locking position to an unlocking position; when in the unlocking position, the limiting piece releases the limitation on the matching piece to enable cooperation between the matching piece and the cutting knife driving piece. The first actuation of the handle enables the jaw assembly to be closed for pressing, and subsequent actuation enables the cutting knife to be advanced for firing, so that the overall structure is simple and the operation is simple and convenient. Meanwhile, the matching piece is always connected with the handle, the matching piece can stably drive the cutting knife driving piece, and the firing process is more stable.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of surgical instrument technology, and in particular to a surgical instrument. Background Technology

[0002] Surgical staplers are commonly used medical instruments that replace manual suturing. Their main working principle is to use a scalpel to sever tissue and titanium staples to anastomose it, similar to a stapler. Depending on the body part they are used for, staplers can be categorized into various types. For surgical staplers, the working principle involves inserting a cannula of a precisely positioned trocar into the patient's body at the surgical site. This creates a longitudinal incision in the tissue, and staples are applied to the opposite sides of the incision, thereby severing and anastomosing the tissue.

[0003] Surgical instruments include a jaw assembly, a cutting blade assembly, and an operating assembly. The operating assembly is connected to the jaw and cutting blade assemblies. During surgery, medical personnel operate the operating assembly. First, the jaw assembly closes to compress the patient's tissue. The cutting blade assembly then advances to cut the tissue, simultaneously firing the staples in the staple cartridge to suture. The operating assembly typically has two handles, one for closing the jaws and the other for advancing the cutting blade. Its structure is complex and its operation cumbersome.

[0004] Existing technologies include staplers where a single handle controls jaw closure and blade insertion. These staplers include a handle, a cam, a connecting rod, a rack, and a ratchet assembly. The handle is connected to the cam. Before the first actuation, the ratchet assembly is separated from both the handle and the rack. Upon the first actuation, the cam rotates, driving the connecting rod to close the jaws. After rotation, the cam is locked by a spring mechanism. Simultaneously, the cam's rotation causes the ratchet assembly to move. The moved ratchet assembly then engages with both the handle and the rack, allowing the handle to drive the jaw rack and, consequently, the blade during subsequent actuations. However, the stability of the ratchet assembly's movement in conjunction with the handle and rack is poor, making it prone to jamming and preventing the surgery from proceeding normally. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention aims to provide a surgical instrument that can control the jaw closure and cutting knife advance (firing) via a single handle. It has a simple structure, is easy to operate, and the handle will not get stuck, resulting in high stability.

[0006] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: a surgical instrument, comprising: a jaw assembly and a cutting blade assembly connected to an operating component, wherein the operating component includes:

[0007] The handle can be operated to perform initial and subsequent actuations;

[0008] The closing mechanism is connected to the jaw assembly;

[0009] A cutting blade drive unit is connected to the cutting blade assembly;

[0010] A mating component is connected to the handle;

[0011] A limiting member has a locked position and an unlocked position. In the locked position, the limiting member limits the mating member to prevent the mating member from engaging with the cutting blade drive member. In response to a first actuation of the handle, the closing mechanism drives the jaw assembly from an open position to a closed position and holds the jaw assembly in the closed position, and drives the limiting member from the locked position to the unlocked position. When the jaw assembly is in the closed position, the limiting member is in the unlocked position. When the limiting member is in the unlocked position, the limiting member releases the limiting of the mating member so that the mating member can engage with the cutting blade drive member. In response to a subsequent actuation of the handle, the mating member drives the cutting blade drive member to move, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly.

[0012] Furthermore, when the limiting member is in the locked position, it presses against the mating member to limit the mating member; when the limiting member is in the unlocked position, it separates from the mating member to release the limitation on the mating member, so that the mating member can cooperate with the cutting blade drive member.

[0013] Furthermore, the operating component also includes a frame, and the limiting member is movably disposed on the frame. When the limiting member switches from the locked position to the unlocked position, the limiting member moves to separate from the mating member.

[0014] Furthermore, the limiting member includes a body portion, a pressing portion, and a protrusion portion. The body portion is rotatably disposed on the frame, and the pressing portion is connected to the body portion. When the limiting member is in the locked position, the pressing portion presses against the mating member. The protrusion portion is disposed on the body portion, and the closing mechanism abuts against the protrusion portion to drive the protrusion portion and thereby drive the limiting member to switch from the locked position to the unlocked position.

[0015] Furthermore, the limiting member includes a stop portion. When the limiting member is in the locked position, the stop portion is located between the mating member and the cutting blade drive member to limit the mating member and separate the cutting blade drive member from the mating member. When the limiting member is in the unlocked position, the stop portion disengages from the mating member and the cutting blade drive member to release the limitation on the mating member, allowing the mating member to engage with the cutting blade drive member.

[0016] Furthermore, when the limiting member is in the locked position, the stop portion abuts against at least the mating member in the mating member and the cutting blade drive member.

[0017] Furthermore, the operating component also includes a frame, and the limiting member also includes a movable part movably disposed on the frame. The movable part is connected to the stop part. During the process of the closing mechanism driving the jaw assembly to switch from the open position to the closed position, the closing mechanism drives the movable part to move, and the movable part drives the stop part to displace so as to disengage from the mating member and the cutting blade drive member.

[0018] Furthermore, the movable part is slidably disposed on the frame, the movable part includes a sliding part and a guide part, the sliding part is slidably connected to the frame, and the guide part is connected to the sliding part; during the process of the closing mechanism driving the jaw assembly to switch from the open position to the closed position, the closing mechanism abuts against and pushes the guide part to drive the movable part to move.

[0019] Furthermore, the mating component is movably connected to the handle, and an elastic element is provided between the handle and the mating component. Under the elastic force provided by the elastic element, the mating component moves toward the cutting blade drive component.

[0020] Furthermore, the cutting blade drive is a toothed component, the mating component includes a pawl, the pawl is rotatably connected to the handle, the elastic component is a torsion spring, and the pawl moves toward the cutting blade drive under the elastic force provided by the torsion spring.

[0021] Furthermore, the closing mechanism includes a lever drive and a lever assembly. The lever assembly is connected to the jaw assembly, and the lever drive is connected to the lever assembly. When the handle is actuated for the first time, the handle is operably engaged with the lever drive to drive the lever drive from a first position to a second position, thereby driving the lever assembly to move and causing the jaw assembly to switch from the open position to the closed position. During the switching from the first position to the second position, the lever drive drives the limiting member to switch from the locked position to the unlocked position.

[0022] Furthermore, the closing mechanism also includes a locking member, which locks the rod drive member when the rod drive member is in the second position, thereby keeping the jaw assembly in the closed position.

[0023] Furthermore, the locking element includes a pin that abuts against the shaft drive member when the shaft drive member is in the second position, preventing the shaft drive member from moving to the first position, thereby locking the shaft drive member.

[0024] Furthermore, the rod drive component includes a linkage assembly, which includes a first link and a second link. The first link is rotatably connected to the rod assembly, and one end of the second link is rotatably connected to the first link, while the other end is rotatably connected to the frame. The handle contacts either the first link or the second link, causing the handle to drive the linkage assembly upon first actuation, thereby switching the linkage assembly from the first position to the second position. When the linkage assembly is in the second position, it is located at a dead point or substantially at a dead point, thereby locking the linkage assembly in the second position.

[0025] Furthermore, the handle is provided with a support portion; the handle supports the first link or the second link through the support portion to drive the link assembly to move, so that the link assembly switches from the first position to the second position; when the link assembly is in the second position, the support portion separates from the link assembly when the handle performs the subsequent actuation.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are as follows: the surgical instrument in this embodiment has only one handle. The first actuation of the handle closes the jaw assembly for compression, and subsequent actuation causes the cutting blade to advance and fire. The overall structure is simple, highly reliable, and easy to operate. At the same time, the mating component is always connected to the handle, and the mating component can stably drive the cutting blade drive component, making the firing process more stable. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surgical instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surgical instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention before the first actuation;

[0029] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the surgical instrument according to the first embodiment of the present invention after the first actuation;

[0030] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of another structure of the first embodiment of the present invention when the protrusion contacts the connecting rod assembly;

[0031] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of another protrusion in the first embodiment of the present invention when the connecting rod assembly is in the second position;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting part in the first embodiment of the present invention when it is in the locked position;

[0033] Figure 6a This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting part in the first embodiment of the present invention when it is in the locked position;

[0034] Figure 6b yes Figure 6a A partial schematic diagram at point A in the middle;

[0035] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting part in the first embodiment of the present invention when it is in the unlocked position;

[0036] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mating component according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mating component and the cutting blade drive component according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the handle subsequent actuation drive cutting blade assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the cutting blade assembly and cutting blade drive component according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0040] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the pawl and handle according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention where the pawl is not engaged with the cutting blade drive component;

[0042] Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locking member unlocked linkage assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 15 This is a schematic diagram of the locking member locking link assembly according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0044] Figure 16 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage assembly and locking member according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage assembly in contact with the locking member according to the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 18 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage assembly of the first embodiment of the present invention after passing through the locking member;

[0047] Figure 19 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] Figure 20This is a structural schematic diagram of the limiting member according to the second embodiment of the present invention from another angle;

[0049] Figure 21 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member in the locked position according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] Figure 22a This is a cross-sectional view of the surgical instrument when the limiting member of the second embodiment of the present invention is in the locked position;

[0051] Figure 22b This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member in the second embodiment of the present invention when it moves to the unlocking position;

[0052] Figure 23 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the limiting member in the unlocked position according to the second embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 24 This is a cross-sectional view of the surgical instrument when the limiting member of the second embodiment of the present invention is in the unlocked position.

[0054] in:

[0055] 100. Handle; 110. Support;

[0056] 200. Closing mechanism; 210. Rod drive component; 211. Link assembly; 212. First link; 213. Second link; 220. Rod assembly; 221. Outer sleeve; 222. Inner sleeve;

[0057] 300. Jaw assembly; 310. Staple cartridge holder; 320. Staple anchor holder;

[0058] 400. Operating components; 410. Frame; 420. Sliding shaft;

[0059] 500. Cutting blade assembly;

[0060] 600. Cutting blade drive component; 610. Mating component; 611. Pawl; 612. Extending protrusion; 620. Elastic component;

[0061] 700, Limiting component; 710, Main body; 720, Pressing part; 730, Protrusion; 740, Stop; 750, Moving part; 752, Guide part; 761, Guide slope; 762, Mating slope; 770, Straight spring; 780, Mounting screw;

[0062] 800, Locking component; 810, Pin; 820, Spring. Implementation

[0063] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of this invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of this invention.

[0064] It is important to understand that the terms "proximal" and "distal" used in this article are relative to the clinician manipulating the stapler's handle. "Proximal" refers to the part closer to the clinician, while "distal" refers to the part farther away. That is, the handle is proximal, and the jaw assembly is distal. For example, the proximal end of a component refers to the end relatively closer to the handle, and the distal end refers to the end relatively closer to the jaw assembly. The terms "upper" and "lower" are relative to the relative positions of the anvil and stapler seat on the jaw assembly; specifically, the anvil is "upper," and the stapler seat is "lower." However, staplers can be used in many orientations and positions, so these terms expressing relative positional relationships are not limited or absolute.

[0065] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, a movable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two elements or the interaction between two elements, such as contact. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances. It should be noted that when "connected" or "linked" is preceded by a qualifier, it has the meaning defined by that qualifier, excluding only obviously excluded cases, but not other possible cases. For example, "detachable connection" refers to a detachable connection, excluding an integral part, but movable connections are not excluded.

[0066] This application relates to a surgical instrument, which can be a stapler, including an operating component and a jaw assembly and a cutting blade assembly connected to the operating component. The operating component includes: a handle, a closing mechanism, a cutting blade drive, a mating member, and a limiting member. The closing mechanism is connected to the jaw assembly, the cutting blade drive is connected to the cutting blade assembly, and the mating member is connected to the handle and is used to mate with the cutting blade drive. The handle can be operated for initial and subsequent actuation. The initial actuation of the handle causes the closing mechanism to drive the jaw assembly from an open position to a closed position. Subsequent actuation occurs after the initial actuation, driving the cutting blade assembly forward for firing.

[0067] The limiting component has a locked position and an unlocked position. In the locked position, the limiting component restricts the mating component to prevent it from engaging with the cutting blade drive component. This restriction means that the limiting component applies force to the mating component, preventing it from engaging with the cutting blade assembly. In the unlocked position, the limiting component releases its restriction on the mating component; specifically, it no longer applies force to the mating component, allowing it to engage with the cutting blade assembly.

[0068] Before the first actuation, the jaw assembly is in the open position and the limit member is in the locked position. In response to the first actuation of the handle assembly, the closing mechanism drives the jaw assembly to switch from the open position to the closed position and keeps the jaw assembly in the closed position, that is, the jaw assembly is closed and maintains the squeezing. At the same time, the closing mechanism drives the limit member to switch from the locked position to the unlocked position. When the closing mechanism keeps the jaw assembly in the closed position, the limit member is in the unlocked position, and the mating part can cooperate with the cutting blade drive.

[0069] It is worth noting that during the first actuation of the handle, the limiting member is in the locked position, and the mating part is not engaged with the cutting blade drive component. Therefore, the first actuation of the handle can only drive the jaw assembly to close, but cannot drive the cutting blade to advance. After the first actuation ends, the limiting member is in the unlocked position, and the mating part can engage with the cutting blade drive component. In subsequent actuations of the handle, the mating part and the cutting blade drive component drive the cutting blade assembly to advance for firing.

[0070] When the handle is subsequently actuated, the cutting blade assembly is driven to advance and fire via the mating parts and the cutting blade drive. Simultaneously, the handle does not act on the closing mechanism; the jaw assembly remains in the closed position, and the limiting member remains in the unlocked position.

[0071] The surgical instrument of this application has only one handle. The first actuation of the handle closes the jaw assembly for compression, and subsequent actuation causes the cutting blade to advance and fire. The overall structure is simple, highly reliable, and easier to operate. Example

[0072] This embodiment discloses a surgical instrument, which can be a stapler, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 11As shown, the device includes an operating component 400 and a jaw assembly 300 and a cutting blade assembly 500 connected to the operating component 400. The jaw assembly 300 includes a staple cartridge seat 310 and an anvil seat 320. A staple cartridge assembly (not shown) is detachably installed in the staple cartridge seat 310. The anvil seat 320 is rotatably connected to the staple cartridge seat 310. Rotation of the anvil seat 320 allows the jaw assembly 300 to have an open position and a closed position. In response to the operation of the operating component 400 by a medical professional, the jaw assembly 300 can switch between the open and closed positions. When the jaw assembly 300 is in the open position, tissue can enter the jaw assembly 300. When the jaw assembly 300 is in the closed position, it can compress the tissue. When the tissue is in a compressed state, in response to the operation of the operating component 400 by a medical professional, the cutting blade assembly 500 advances to cut the tissue, and the staple cartridge assembly dismounts to suture the cut tissue.

[0073] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the operating assembly 400 includes a frame 410, a handle 100, a closing mechanism 200, a cutting blade drive 600, a mating component 610, and a limiting component 700. The handle 100 is rotatably mounted on the frame 410, and an elastic component (not shown) is provided between the handle 100 and the frame 410, providing an initial position and a pressing position. Medical personnel can press the handle 100 to move it from the initial position to the pressing position. When the handle 100 is released, it rebounds from the pressing position to the initial position under the action of the elastic component. The process of the handle 100 moving from the initial position to the pressing position is called actuation. During surgical procedures, the handle 100 is operated to perform multiple actuations, including a first actuation and subsequent actuations. Subsequent actuations are all actuations other than the first actuation. The first actuation drives the jaw assembly 300 to switch to the closed position to compress tissue, and subsequent actuations drive the cutting blade assembly 500 forward for firing.

[0074] In response to the first actuation of the handle 100, the closing mechanism 200 drives the jaw assembly 300 from the open position to the closed position and holds the jaw assembly 300 in the closed position to squeeze the tissue and keep the tissue in a squeezed state. When the handle 100 springs back from the pressed position to the initial position, the closing mechanism 200 does not move with the release of the handle 100 and always remains in the closed position with the jaw assembly 300 in the closed position. Subsequent actuations of the handle 100 cannot drive the closing mechanism 200 to move, nor can they change the closed position of the jaw assembly 300.

[0075] like Figure 11 and Figure 12As shown, the cutting blade drive 600 is connected to the cutting blade assembly 500, and the mating part 610 is connected to the handle 100. When the mating part 610 is mated with the cutting blade drive 600, it can drive the cutting blade drive 600 under the drive of the handle 100, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly 500.

[0076] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the limiting member 700 has a locked position and an unlocked position. Figure 2 When the middle limit member 700 is in the locked position, it limits the mating member 610 to prevent the mating member 610 from engaging with the cutting blade drive member 600. Before the handle 100 is actuated for the first time, the limit member 700 is in the locked position. In response to the first actuation of the handle 100, during the process of the closing mechanism 200 driving the jaw assembly 300 to switch from the open position to the closed position, the closing mechanism 200 simultaneously drives the limit member 700 to switch from the locked position to the unlocked position. Figure 3 As shown, the closing mechanism 200 keeps the jaw assembly 300 in the closed position and the limiting member 700 in the unlocked position. In the unlocked position, the mating member 610 can engage with the cutting blade drive member 600. When the handle 100 is subsequently actuated, it can drive the cutting blade drive member 600 to move through the mating member 610, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly 500 forward for firing.

[0077] The surgical instrument in this embodiment has only one handle 100. The single handle 100 can realize the functions of squeezing and firing. When the handle 100 is actuated for the first time, it can drive the jaw assembly 300 to close for squeezing. When actuated in a subsequent time, it can drive the cutting blade assembly 500 to fire. This makes the structure and operation of the surgical instrument simpler, more stable, and improves the stability of the surgical instrument and the convenience of operation for medical staff.

[0078] In this embodiment, as Figure 2As shown, when the limiting member 700 is in the locked position, it presses against the mating member 610, applying force to the mating member 610 and thus limiting the mating member 610, preventing it from engaging with the cutting blade drive member 600. When the limiting member 700 is in the unlocked position, it releases the pressure on the mating member 610, allowing the mating member 610 to engage with the cutting blade drive member 600. The mating member 610 being able to engage with the cutting blade drive member 600 means that the mating member 610 moves to a position where it engages with the cutting blade drive member 600. In one embodiment, the mating member 610 moves automatically to engage with the cutting blade drive member 600; the limiting member 700 is movably disposed on the frame 410, and by moving from the locked position to the unlocked position, it separates from the mating member 610, releasing the pressure on the mating member 610 and allowing the mating member 610 to engage with the cutting blade drive member 600. Specifically, in this embodiment, the limiting member 700 is rotatably disposed on the frame 410, and the closing mechanism 200 can drive the limiting member 700 to rotate. During the rotation, the limiting member 700 maintains pressure on the mating member 610 until the limiting member 700 rotates to the unlocked position and no longer presses against the mating member 610, so that the mating member 610 moves to cooperate with the cutting blade drive member 600, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly 500.

[0079] The limiting member 700 is generally elongated and includes a body portion 710 and a pressing portion 720. The pressing portion 720 is connected to the body portion 710. Preferably, the pressing portion 720 and the body portion 710 are integrally formed. The body portion 710 is rotatably connected to the frame 410. The pressing portion 720 extends in the direction of the mating member 610. The limiting member 700 presses against the mating member 610 through the pressing portion 720 to prevent the mating member 610 from engaging with the cutting blade drive member 600. Furthermore, the limiting member 700 also includes a spring (not shown in the figure). The spring can be a torsion spring. The spring is connected between the body and the frame. The spring applies a spring force to the limiting member 700, keeping the limiting member 700 in the locked position and providing pressure for the limiting member 700 to press against the mating member 610. When the limiting member 700 is driven to the unlocked position by the linkage assembly 211, the spring is compressed. Simultaneously, the elastic element keeps the handle 100 in the locked position before the first actuation. The limiting member 700 also includes a protrusion 730, which is disposed on the body 710. During the process of the closing mechanism 200 driving the jaw assembly 300 to switch from the open position to the closed position, it acts on the protrusion 730, which drives the limiting member 700 to rotate. During the movement of the closing mechanism 200, it does not contact the body 710 or the pressing part 720 to prevent interference. When the closing mechanism 200 keeps the jaw assembly 300 in the closed position, it still abuts against the protrusion 730, keeping the limiting member 700 in the unlocked position.

[0080] In one embodiment, such as Figure 2 , Figure 3 As shown, the protrusion 730 is a rod-like structure that protrudes from the main body 710, ensuring that the limiting member 700 always abuts against the closing mechanism 200 when pushed and rotated by the closing mechanism 200. In another embodiment, as... Figures 4 to 5 As shown, the protrusion 730 is L-shaped and includes two sides forming a corner. When the protrusion 730 contacts the closing mechanism 200, it first contacts the closing mechanism 200 through the corner of the L-shaped protrusion 730. When the limiting member 700 is in the unlocked position, the protrusion 730 abuts against the closing mechanism 200 through one side, increasing the contact area with the closing mechanism 200 and thus improving the stability of maintaining the unlocked position. Specifically, the protrusion 730 abuts against the linkage assembly of the closing mechanism 200.

[0081] Preferably, in this embodiment, when the limiting member 700 is in the unlocked position, the mating member 610 automatically moves to engage with the cutting blade drive member 600, such as... Figure 11 and Figure 12 As shown, the mating part 610 is movably connected to the handle 100. An elastic element 620 is provided between the handle 100 and the mating part 610. Under the elastic force provided by the elastic element 620, the mating part 610 moves towards the cutting blade drive 600; that is, the elastic force of the elastic element 620 enables the mating part 610 to move in the direction of mating with the cutting blade drive 600. Figure 5 and Figure 6 When the limiting member 700 is in the locked position, it presses against the mating member 610, compressing the elastic member 620, and the mating member 610 cannot engage with the cutting blade drive member 600. When the limiting member 700 is in the unlocked position, the mating member 610 is no longer pressed, and under the elastic force of the elastic member 620, the mating member 610 moves in the direction of engaging with the cutting blade drive member 600. That is, when the limiting member 700 switches to the unlocked position, the mating member 610 automatically rebounds under the action of the elastic member 620 and engages with the cutting blade drive member 600.

[0082] Specifically, in this embodiment, as Figure 8 , Figure 9 and Figure 12As shown, the mating component 610 includes a pawl 611, and the cutting blade drive component 600 is a toothed component, specifically a rack. When the mating component 610 and the cutting blade drive component 600 are mated, the pawl 611 engages with the toothed component. The elastic component 620 is a torsion spring, with one end abutting the handle 100 and the other end abutting the pawl 611. The elastic force provided by the torsion spring causes the pawl 611 to rotate towards the position where it engages with the toothed component. When the limiting component 700 is in the locked position and presses against the pawl 611, the pawl 611 cannot engage with the toothed component, and the torsion spring is compressed. When the limiting component 700 is switched to the unlocked position, the pressure on the pawl 611 is released, and the pawl 611 rotates under the action of the torsion spring to engage with the toothed component.

[0083] When the handle 100 is subsequently actuated, it can drive the pawl 611 to move through its own rotation, such as... Figure 9 and Figure 10 As shown, the handle 100 is rotatably connected to the frame 410 via a hinge shaft, and the pawl 611 is connected to the handle 100. The gripping part of the handle 100 and the pawl 611 are located on both sides of the hinge shaft. When the handle 100 is pressed, it rotates counterclockwise, causing the pawl 611 to move to the distal end, thereby driving the toothed part to move to the distal end, and then causing the cutting blade assembly 500 to move to the distal end for firing. When the handle 100 is subsequently actuated, taking the second actuation as an example, when the handle 100 is pressed, the pawl 611 drives the toothed component and the cutting blade assembly 500 to move and fire. When the handle 100 is released, it rotates clockwise back to its original position, and the pawl 611 moves proximally. The pawl 611 can only drive the toothed component unidirectionally to the distal end. The pawl 611 moves proximally along the surface of the toothed component, while the toothed component and the cutting blade assembly 500 do not move. That is, when the handle 100 is released, the pawl 611 moves proximally back to its original position, while the toothed component and the cutting blade assembly 500 do not move, and the pawl 611 still engages with the toothed component. When the third actuation is performed, the movements of the handle 100, the pawl 611, the toothed component, and the cutting blade assembly 500 are the same as in the second actuation. As can be seen in this embodiment, when the handle 100 is actuated subsequently, each actuation will cause the cutting blade assembly 500 to advance a certain distance, and multiple actuations can complete the full firing of the cutting blade assembly 500.

[0084] It is also worth noting that when the limiting member 700 releases the limiting member on the pawl 611, and the pawl 611 moves towards the toothed member under the action of the elastic member 620, the pawl 611 has a certain probability of engaging with the toothed member, and also a certain probability of only contacting the toothed member but being in a non-engaged state. For example... Figure 13 As shown, when the pawl 611 is in contact with but not engaged with the toothed component, in response to a subsequent actuation of the handle 100, the pawl 611 moves distally. The moving pawl 611 can engage with the toothed component and drive the pawl 611 to move. Therefore, the pawl 611 can stably drive the toothed component to move, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly 500 to move.

[0085] Furthermore, such as Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown, the mating part 610 also includes an extending protrusion 612, which extends along the width direction of the pawl 611. The limiting member 700 presses against the mating part 610 specifically by pressing against the extending protrusion 612. The extension protrusion 612 is provided to offset the positions of the limiting member 700 and the pawl 611, preventing interference between them. Before the handle 100 is first actuated, the limiting member 700 is in the locked position, and the pressing part 720 presses against the extending protrusion 612. When the handle 100 is actuated for the first time, the limiting member 700 rotates counterclockwise, the pressing part 720 rotates synchronously with the limiting member 7001, and the pawl 611 rotates clockwise, so that the tip of the pawl 611 approaches the toothed member, and the pressing part 720 always presses against the extension protrusion 612; after the limiting member 700 reaches the unlocked position, the pawl 611 holds the toothed member, the pressing part 720 is above the extension protrusion 612, and no longer presses against the extension protrusion 612, so that the pawl 611 can drive the toothed member to move.

[0086] In this embodiment, as Figure 2 As shown, the closing mechanism 200 includes a lever drive 210 and a lever assembly 220. The lever assembly 220 is connected to the jaw assembly 300. When the handle 100 is actuated for the first time, the handle 100 is operably engaged with the lever drive 210, enabling the handle 100 to drive the lever drive 210 to move. The lever drive 210, in turn, drives the lever assembly 220 to move, thereby switching the jaw assembly 300 from the open position to the closed position. Specifically, the lever assembly 220 includes an inner sleeve 222 and an outer sleeve 221. The outer sleeve 221 is looped around the inner sleeve 222 and is movable relative to the inner sleeve 222. One end of the outer sleeve 221 is connected to the lever drive 210, and the other end is connected to the jaw assembly 300. In response to the first actuation of the handle 100, the lever drive 210 switches from a first position to a second position to drive the outer sleeve 221 to move. The movement of the outer sleeve 221 causes the jaw assembly 300 to switch from an open position to a closed position. When the handle 100 switches to the pressed position, the lever drive 210 is locked in the second position, thereby locking the position of the outer sleeve 221 and keeping the jaw assembly 300 in the closed position. When the handle 100 springs back from the pressed position to the initial position, the lever drive 210 remains in the second position and does not move with the handle 100, and the outer sleeve 221 also remains in the position that keeps the jaw assembly 300 in the closed position.

[0087] The lever drive component 210 includes a linkage assembly 211, which includes a first link 212 and a second link 213. The first link 212 is rotatably connected to the lever assembly 220, specifically to the outer sleeve 221. One end of the second link 213 is rotatably connected to the frame 410, and the other end is rotatably connected to the first link 212, forming a two-bar linkage. When the linkage assembly 211 is in the first position, the first link 212 and the second link 213 are at a certain angle to each other, and both the first link 212 and the second link 213 are tilted downwards (towards the grip portion of the handle 100). When the linkage assembly 211 is in the first position and the handle 100 has not been actuated for the first time, the handle 100 contacts the first link 212 or the second link 213, enabling the handle 100 to drive the linkage assembly 211 to move. The distal end of the first link 212 is rotatably connected to the outer sleeve 221, and the proximal end is rotatably connected to the second link 213. The first link 212 and the second link 213 are rotatably connected through a hinge point. During the switching of the linkage assembly 211 from the first position to the second position, the hinge point gradually moves upward (away from the gripping part of the handle 100). Since the proximal end of the second link 213 is connected to the frame 410, the hinge point located at the distal end of the second link 213 moves distally. At the same time, the rotation of the first link 212 causes the distal end of the first link 212 to move distally. Therefore, the linkage assembly 211 can drive the outer sleeve 221 to move distally, thereby closing the jaw assembly 300.

[0088] like Figure 3 As shown, when the linkage assembly 211 is in the second position, it is at a dead point or approximately at a dead point. Being at a dead point means that the first link 212 and the second link 213 are on the same straight line, with an angle of 180° between them. Approximately at a dead point means that the first link 212 and the second link 213 have passed the dead point, and the angle between them is greater than 0° and less than 5°. When the linkage assembly 211 is at a dead point or approximately at a dead point, the pressure angle between the first link 212 and the second link 213 is approximately 90°. When the first link 212 or the second link 213 is subjected to an external force, the torque on the other link is zero, preventing the linkage assembly 211 from moving and locking it in the second position.

[0089] In one embodiment, such as Figures 14 to 18As shown, the closing mechanism 200 also includes a locking member 800. When the lever drive member 210 is in the second position, the locking member 800 cooperates with the lever drive member 210 to lock the lever drive member 210 in the second position, thereby keeping the jaw assembly 300 in the closed position. In a preferred embodiment, the locking member 800 is a movable spring pin assembly, including a spring member 820 and a pin 810. The spring member 820 is sleeved on the pin 810, and the pin 810 has a protrusion. One end of the spring member 820 abuts against the protrusion of the pin 810, and the other end abuts against the frame. When the linkage assembly 211 is in the first position, the pin 810 is above the linkage assembly 211; when the linkage assembly 211 is in the second position, the pin 810 is below the linkage assembly 211. During the transition from the first position to the second position, the connecting rod assembly 211 passes through the pin 810. The pin 810 blocks the connecting rod assembly 211 from above. The lower side of the pin 810 has a guide surface. As the connecting rod assembly 211 passes through the pin 810, it first abuts against the guide surface 811 of the pin 810. The guide surface 811 is an inclined surface. The connecting rod assembly 211 abuts against the guide surface 811, allowing the pin 810 to move relative to the connecting rod assembly 211. Furthermore, the upper side of the connecting rod assembly 211 is provided with a mating inclined surface 2111. When the connecting rod assembly 211 moves to the second position (upward), under the action of the mating inclined surface 2111 and the guide surface 811, the pin 810 retracts to make way for the connecting rod assembly 211, compressing the spring 820 and no longer blocking the connecting rod assembly 211, allowing the connecting rod assembly 211 to pass through the pin 810. When the linkage assembly 211 switches to the second position and separates from the pin 810, the pin 810 rebounds under the action of the spring 820, extending below the linkage assembly 211 and abutting against it, thus engaging with the linkage assembly 211 and preventing it from moving to the first position (downward), thereby locking the linkage assembly 211 in the second position. Additionally, the housing of the operating assembly 400 is provided with an operating element that retracts the pin 810. The operating element is connected to the pin 810; pulling the operating element retracts the pin 810, compressing the spring. When opening the jaw assembly 300, the medical personnel pull the operating element to retract the pin 810, preventing it from abutting the linkage assembly 211 from below, disengaging the pin 810 from the linkage assembly 211, allowing the linkage assembly 211 to move to the first position, and enabling the jaw assembly 300 to open. Of course, in other embodiments, the locking member 800 may also have other structures and can lock the linkage assembly 211 in other ways; this embodiment does not impose specific limitations. The locking member can be used in conjunction with the linkage assembly 211 in a self-locking position when it is at a dead point, or it can be used independently.

[0090] Furthermore, the handle 100 is provided with a support portion 110, which is located below the linkage assembly 211. During the process of switching the linkage assembly 211 from the first position to the second position, the handle 100 supports the first linkage 212 or the second linkage 213 through the support portion 110 to operably engage with the rod drive member 210. When the linkage assembly 211 is in the second position and locked in the second position, the support portion 110 separates from the linkage assembly 211 when the handle 100 returns to its original position. When the handle 100 is subsequently actuated, the handle 100 switches from the initial position to the pressing position, and the support portion 110 moves with the movement of the handle 100. The support portion 110 only contacts the linkage assembly 211 in the second position when the handle 100 reaches the pressing position (the end point of the movement trajectory of the support portion 100). That is, the support portion 110 does not contact the linkage assembly 211 during the movement, so the handle 100 cannot drive the linkage assembly 211 during subsequent actuation. Specifically, the support part 110 is a rod body, and the handle 100 is operablely engaged with the rod body drive member 210 by supporting the second link 213 through the support part 110. During the rotation of the second link 213, the support part 110 can always support the second link 213.

[0091] As can be seen from the above, during the first actuation of the handle 100, that is, during the first operation from the initial position to the pressed position, the linkage assembly 211 switches from the first position to the second position. The movement of the linkage assembly 211 causes the lever assembly 220 to displace, causing the jaw assembly 300 to switch from the open position to the closed position. At the same time, the movement of the linkage assembly 211 drives the limiting member 700 to switch from the locked position to the unlocked position. However, during the first actuation of the handle 100, the mating member 610 is pressed by the limiting member 700 and cannot cooperate with the cutting blade drive member 600, thus failing to drive the cutting blade assembly 500. That is, the first actuation causes the jaw assembly 300 to close, and the cutting blade assembly 500 does not move. After the first actuation, the handle 100 is released, and it springs back to its initial position. The linkage assembly 211 locks in the second position, and the handle 100 separates from the linkage assembly 211. In subsequent actuations, the handle 100 is again moved from its initial position to the pressed position, separating from the linkage assembly 211 in the second position. The handle 100 only contacts the linkage assembly 211 at the end of its movement path and cannot drive the linkage assembly 211. Therefore, subsequent actuations of the handle 100 do not change the position of the linkage assembly 211; the linkage assembly 211 remains in the second position, and the limiting member 700 remains in the unlocked position. Simultaneously, during subsequent actuations, the mating member 610 engages with the cutting blade drive member 600. The handle 100 can drive the cutting blade drive member 600 by moving the mating member 610, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly 500 to fire.

[0092] After the surgery, the cutting blade assembly 500 is first retracted to its initial position via the retraction mechanism, and then the jaw assembly is opened to release the human tissue. The closing mechanism 200 also includes an unlocking component (not shown in the figure), which releases the linkage assembly 211 from its second position. The unlocking component includes an operating part located outside the housing of the operating assembly 400 and an unlocking part located inside the housing of the operating assembly that abuts against the linkage assembly 211 in the second position. The unlocking part is linked to the operating part. When medical personnel operate the operating part, the unlocking part moves and pushes the linkage assembly 211, causing it to retract to the first position, and the jaw assembly opens to release the human tissue. Specifically, the operating part can be a button located on the housing of the operating assembly 400, and the unlocking part is located inside the operating assembly 400 and is a rod extending vertically. The button is connected to the rod. When the button is not operated, the lever is positioned above the linkage assembly 211, which is self-locked in the second position. When a medical staff member operates the button, the lever moves downward to abut against and push the linkage assembly 211, thus releasing the self-locking state of the linkage assembly 211. The lever then moves further downward to push the linkage assembly 211 to the first position, thereby opening the jaw assembly 300. When the jaw assembly 300 is opened, the handle 100 is in its initial position, and the linkage assembly 211 moves under the action of the lever, stopping after abutting against the support portion 110 of the handle 100; at this point, the linkage assembly 211 is in the first position. When the jaw assembly 300 is in the open state, the linkage assembly 211 is in the first position, and the limiting member 700 returns to the locked position under the action of the elastic member.

[0093] The surgical instrument in this embodiment has only one handle 100. The first actuation of the handle 100 closes the jaw assembly 300 for compression, and subsequent actuation causes the cutting blade to advance and fire. The overall structure is simple, highly stable, and easy to operate. At the same time, the mating part 610 is always connected to the handle 100, and the mating part 610 can stably drive the cutting blade drive part 600, making the firing process more stable. Example

[0094] The second embodiment of this application discloses a surgical instrument that is generally the same as the surgical instrument in the first embodiment, except that the limiting member 700 has a different structure.

[0095] like Figures 19 to 24As shown, the limiting member 700 in this embodiment includes a stop portion 740. When the limiting member 700 is in the locked position, the stop portion 740 is located between the mating member 610 and the cutting blade drive member 600, separating the cutting blade drive member 600 from the mating member 610 to limit the mating member 610, preventing the mating member 610 from engaging with the cutting blade drive member 600. When the limiting member 700 is in the unlocked position, the stop portion 740 disengages from the mating member 610 and the cutting blade drive member 600 to release the limitation on the mating member 610, allowing the mating member 610 to engage with the cutting blade drive member 600.

[0096] When locked, the stop 740 is positioned between the mating member 610 and the cutting blade drive member 600, stably preventing the mating member 610 from engaging with the cutting blade drive member 600. During the first actuation, although the mating member 610 does not engage with the cutting blade drive member 600, it still moves under the drive of the handle 100, i.e., the mating member 610 slides relative to the cutting blade drive member 600. As the mating member 610 moves under the drive of the handle, it always abuts against the stop 740. The stop 740 has sufficient length in the direction of movement of the mating member 610 to stably limit the mating member 610 and prevent it from engaging with the cutting blade drive member.

[0097] Furthermore, when the limiting member 700 is in the locked position, the stop portion 740 at least abuts against the mating member 610. "The stop portion 740 at least abuts against the mating member 610" means that the stop portion 740 abuts only against the mating member 610, or that the stop portion 740 abuts against both the mating member 610 and the cutting blade drive member 600 simultaneously. In one embodiment, one side (upper side) of the stop portion 740 abuts against the cutting blade drive member 600, and the mating member 610 abuts against the other side (lower side) of the stop portion 740 under the action of the elastic member 620. In another embodiment, the upper side of the stop portion 740 is separated from the cutting blade drive member 600, and the lower side abuts against the mating member 610.

[0098] The limiting member 700 also includes a movable part 750, which is movably disposed on the frame 410. The movable part 750 is connected to the stop part 740 and can drive the stop part 740 to move so that the stop part 740 disengages from the mating member 610 and the cutting blade drive member 600. During the process of the closing mechanism 200 driving the jaw assembly 300 to move from the open position to the closed position, the closing mechanism 200 drives the movable part 750 to move, thereby driving the limiting member 700 to switch from the locked position to the unlocked position. Specifically, during the process of the linkage assembly 211 switching from the first position to the second position, the linkage assembly 211 drives the movable part 750 to move, and the movable part 750 drives the stop part 740 to move.

[0099] The movable part 750 is slidably mounted on the frame 410, such as... Figure 19As shown, the moving part 750 includes a sliding part 751 and a guide part 752. The sliding part 751 is slidably connected to the frame 410, and the guide part 752 is connected to the sliding part 751. The guide part 752 has a guide slope 761. During the process of the linkage assembly 211 switching from the first position to the second position, the linkage assembly 211 abuts against and pushes the guide part 752 to drive the moving part 750 to move, thereby driving the stop part 740 to disengage from the mating part 610 and the cutting blade drive part 600. Specifically, the frame 410 is provided with a sliding shaft 420. The sliding part 751 is arranged in a ring and is sleeved on the sliding shaft 420. The sliding part 751 can move along the axial direction of the sliding shaft 420. The moving part 750 also includes a spring 770. The spring 770 is provided on the side of the sliding part 751 away from the stop part 740 and is sleeved on the sliding shaft 420 to apply elastic force to the sliding part 751. A screw 780 is provided at one end of the sliding shaft 420 away from the frame 410. The screw 780 includes a stud and a nut 781. The stud is screwed into the sliding shaft 420 and cooperates with the sliding shaft 420. The nut 781 is located on the side of the sliding shaft 420 away from the frame 410. One end of the spring 770 abuts against the nut 781, and the other end abuts against the sliding part 751. The guide portion 752 is located below the moving portion 750. The guide slope 761 has a high side and a low side from top to bottom. In the front-back direction, the high side is located between the low side and the stop portion 740. During the process of switching from the first position to the second position, the linkage assembly 211 gradually moves upward. First, it abuts against the low side of the guide slope 761, pushing the guide portion 752 to move until it abuts against the high side of the guide slope 761. During the process of being pushed by the linkage assembly 211, the guide portion 752 drives the sliding portion 751 to move away from the mating member 610 relative to the sliding shaft 420, thereby driving the stop portion 740 to move to disengage from the mating member 610 and the cutting blade drive member 600. During this process, the spring 770 is compressed.

[0100] Furthermore, the first link 212 and / or the second link 213 in the link assembly 211 are provided with a mating inclined surface 762. Specifically, the link that contacts the guide part 752 during the process of switching the link assembly 211 from the first position to the second position is provided with a mating inclined surface 762. The slope of the mating inclined surface 762 is approximately the same as that of the guide inclined surface 761, so as to better drive the guide part 752 to move.

[0101] In a preferred embodiment, the stop portion 740 is provided in the form of a sheet, and the width of the stop portion 740 is approximately the same as the width of the cutting blade drive member 600, so as to cover the surface of the cutting blade drive member 600, prevent the mating member 610 from mating with the cutting blade drive member 600, and at the same time save the material of the stop portion 740, and facilitate the movement of the limiting member 700.

[0102] It should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This way of describing the specification is only for clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0103] The detailed descriptions listed above are merely specific descriptions of feasible embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent embodiments or modifications made without departing from the spirit of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A surgical instrument, comprising: A jaw assembly and a cutting blade assembly connected to an operating component, characterized in that the operating component comprises: The handle can be operated to perform initial and subsequent actuations; The closing mechanism is connected to the jaw assembly; A cutting blade drive unit is connected to the cutting blade assembly; A mating component is connected to the handle; A limiting member has a locked position and an unlocked position. In the locked position, the limiting member limits the mating member to prevent the mating member from engaging with the cutting blade drive member. In response to a first actuation of the handle, the closing mechanism drives the jaw assembly from an open position to a closed position and holds the jaw assembly in the closed position, and drives the limiting member from the locked position to the unlocked position. When the jaw assembly is in the closed position, the limiting member is in the unlocked position. When the limiting member is in the unlocked position, the limiting member releases the limiting of the mating member so that the mating member can engage with the cutting blade drive member. In response to a subsequent actuation of the handle, the mating member drives the cutting blade drive member to move, thereby driving the cutting blade assembly.

2. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the limiting member is in the locked position, it presses against the mating member to limit the mating member; when the limiting member is in the unlocked position, it separates from the mating member to release the limitation on the mating member, so that the mating member can cooperate with the cutting blade drive member.

3. The surgical instrument according to claim 2, characterized in that, The operating component also includes a frame, and the limiting member is movably disposed on the frame. When the limiting member switches from the locked position to the unlocked position, the limiting member moves to separate from the mating member.

4. The surgical instrument according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting member includes a body, a pressing part, and a protrusion. The body is rotatably disposed on the frame, and the pressing part is connected to the body. When the limiting member is in the locked position, the pressing part presses against the mating part. The protrusion is disposed on the body, and the closing mechanism abuts against the protrusion to drive the protrusion and thus drive the limiting member to switch from the locked position to the unlocked position.

5. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The limiting member includes a stop portion. When the limiting member is in the locked position, the stop portion is located between the mating member and the cutting blade drive member to limit the mating member and separate the cutting blade drive member from the mating member. When the limiting member is in the unlocked position, the stop part disengages from the mating member and the cutting blade drive member to release the limiting of the mating member, allowing the mating member to engage with the cutting blade drive member.

6. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, When the limiting member is in the locked position, the stop portion abuts against at least the mating member in the mating member and the cutting blade drive member.

7. The surgical instrument according to claim 5, characterized in that, The operating component also includes a frame, and the limiting member also includes a movable part movably disposed on the frame. The movable part is connected to the stop part. During the process of the closing mechanism driving the jaw assembly to switch from the open position to the closed position, the closing mechanism drives the movable part to move, and the movable part drives the stop part to displace so as to disengage from the mating member and the cutting blade drive member.

8. The surgical instrument according to claim 7, characterized in that, The movable part is slidably disposed on the frame. The movable part includes a sliding part and a guide part. The sliding part is slidably connected to the frame, and the guide part is connected to the sliding part. During the process of the closing mechanism driving the jaw assembly to switch from the open position to the closed position, the closing mechanism abuts against and pushes the guide part to drive the movable part to move.

9. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mating component is movably connected to the handle, and an elastic element is provided between the handle and the mating component. The mating component moves toward the cutting blade drive component under the elastic force provided by the elastic element.

10. The surgical instrument according to claim 9, characterized in that, The cutting blade drive is a toothed component, the mating component includes a pawl, the pawl is rotatably connected to the handle, the elastic component is a torsion spring, and the pawl moves toward the cutting blade drive under the elastic force provided by the torsion spring.

11. The surgical instrument according to claim 1, characterized in that, The closing mechanism includes a lever drive and a lever assembly. The lever assembly is connected to the jaw assembly. The lever drive is connected to the lever assembly. When the handle is actuated for the first time, the handle is operably engaged with the lever drive to drive the lever drive from a first position to a second position, thereby driving the lever assembly to move and causing the jaw assembly to switch from the open position to the closed position. During the process of switching from the first position to the second position, the rod drive component drives the limiting component to switch from the locked position to the unlocked position.

12. The surgical instrument according to claim 11, characterized in that, The closing mechanism further includes a locking member, which locks the rod drive member when the rod drive member is in the second position, thereby keeping the jaw assembly in the closed position.

13. The surgical instrument according to claim 12, characterized in that, The locking element includes a pin that abuts against the shaft drive member when the shaft drive member is in the second position, preventing the shaft drive member from moving to the first position, thereby locking the shaft drive member.

14. The surgical instrument according to claim 11, characterized in that, The operating assembly further includes a frame, and the lever drive includes a linkage assembly. The linkage assembly includes a first link and a second link. The first link is rotatably connected to the lever assembly, and one end of the second link is rotatably connected to the first link, while the other end is rotatably connected to the frame. The handle contacts the first link or the second link, causing the handle to drive the linkage assembly upon first actuation, thereby switching the linkage assembly from the first position to the second position. When the linkage assembly is in the second position, it is at a dead point or substantially at a dead point, thereby locking the linkage assembly in the second position.

15. The surgical instrument according to claim 14, characterized in that, The handle is provided with a support portion; the handle supports the first link or the second link through the support portion to drive the link assembly to move, so that the link assembly switches from the first position to the second position; when the link assembly is in the second position, the support portion separates from the link assembly when the handle performs the subsequent actuation.

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