Cargo compartment heating device, heating system, heating method and mining dump truck

Abstract

The present invention discloses a cargo compartment heating device, a heating system, a heating method and a mining dump truck, comprising a heating box assembly, a compression tube and a hinge; the heating box assembly is a box-shaped structure, having at least one air inlet interface, an exhaust interface and a flue outlet; the compression tube is arranged in the flue outlet of the heating box assembly through an elastic component, and the compression tube is also located below the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment, and the compression tube is lifted and lowered by the elastic force of the elastic component and the cargo compartment pressure; the hinge is hinged in the heating box assembly and connected to the compression tube through a connecting component, and the lifted and lowered compression tube can drive the hinge to rotate around the hinge point as the center, so as to control the flow channel of the exhaust gas and select cargo compartment heating or exhaust gas discharge; the present invention can realize the reuse of high-temperature exhaust gas through the cargo compartment heating device, and solve the problem of freezing of materials in the cargo compartment under low temperature environment, causing material accumulation when dumping.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to an air intake and exhaust system for a mining dump truck, in particular to an air intake and exhaust system for a mining truck with a cargo compartment heating device, which can utilize engine exhaust gas to heat the cargo compartment, and belongs to the field of mining machinery. Background Art

[0002] Large-scale mining dump trucks are mainly used in open-pit coal mining. In mining areas such as northern my country and Russia, the winter is long and the ambient temperature can be as low as -60°C. When transporting materials that are easy to freeze in extremely cold areas, if the materials freeze in the cargo compartment, they will not slide down easily during lifting and dumping, which will cause the materials to be retained in the cargo compartment and generate inventory in the cargo compartment. As the number of transportations increases, the amount of retained materials will increase, seriously affecting transportation efficiency and causing waste of resources. What's worse, safety accidents may occur due to the shift of the center of gravity. The problem of material freezing can be solved by heating the cargo compartment, preventing frozen goods from accumulating in the cargo compartment, and improving the economy and safety of transportation. In the field of mining machinery, the currently commonly used cargo compartment heating methods are complex in structure and cumbersome in operation. They involve components such as gas circuits, circuits, and hydraulics, have poor reliability, and are difficult to meet the harsh working environment of mines. The problem that the present invention needs to solve is to establish an exhaust reversing device with a simple structure and reliable operation to achieve cargo compartment heating, improve reliability and transportation economy, and adapt to the harsh transportation environment of mines. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the existing cargo compartment heating method, utilize the discharged high-temperature exhaust gas and the exhaust reversing structure to provide a mechanical device and cargo compartment heating method with simple structure, strong reliability and adaptability to the harsh environment of mines.

[0004] The present invention is achieved according to the following technical solutions:

[0005] In a first aspect, the present invention discloses a cargo compartment heating device, comprising:

[0006] The heating box assembly is a box-shaped structure having at least one air inlet interface, an exhaust interface and a flue outlet;

[0007] A compression tube is provided in the flue outlet of the heating box assembly via an elastic component, and the compression tube is also located below the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment. The compression tube is raised and lowered by the elastic force of the elastic component and the cargo compartment pressure.

[0008] The hinge is hinged in the heating box assembly and connected to the compression tube through a connecting component. The lifting and lowering compression tube can drive the hinge to rotate around the hinge point, which is used to control the flow channel of the exhaust gas and select cargo compartment heating or exhaust gas discharge;

[0009] When the cargo compartment is horizontal, it is in direct contact with the compression pipe. The top of the compression pipe can extend into the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment. The hinge falls with the compression pipe to block the exhaust interface, forming a heating passage for the cargo compartment.

[0010] When the cargo compartment is lifted, the compression tube is bounced up by the elastic component, driving the hinge upward to block the flue outlet. The exhaust tail pipe is directly connected to the exhaust interface of the heating box assembly, serving as the exhaust discharge passage.

[0011] In some embodiments, the heating box assembly mainly includes a hollow box body composed of multiple box panels; the air intake interface is located on one side of the box body, the exhaust interface is located on the other side of the box body, and the flue outlet is located on the top surface of the box body; the air intake interface is directly connected to the engine exhaust pipe, which is the exhaust gas input port of the entire cargo compartment heating device; the exhaust interface is directly connected to the exhaust tail pipe, which is the exhaust gas discharge outlet; the flue outlet is used in conjunction with the compression pipe, which is the entrance of the cargo compartment heating passage.

[0012] In some embodiments, the air inlet interface, exhaust interface and flue outlet are all cylindrical structures protruding outward from the box plate, and the three are welded together with the box plate or cast as one piece with the box plate; any one, any two or three of the air inlet interface, exhaust interface and flue outlet are set as flange interfaces.

[0013] In some embodiments, an inspection opening is provided on one side of the box body, and the inspection opening is blocked by a detachably connected blocking plate.

[0014] In some embodiments, one end of the hinge is connected by a hinge to the inner angle formed by the side surface of the box at the exhaust interface and the top surface of the box at the flue outlet. When the hinge is in a horizontal position, it can block the flue outlet, and when the hinge is in a vertical position, it can block the exhaust interface; the hinge is provided with a drawstring buckle for use with the connecting component.

[0015] In some embodiments, the compression tube comprises:

[0016] A compression tube body inserted into the flue outlet of the heating box assembly is capable of moving up and down in the flue outlet;

[0017] A flange is installed at the outer edge of the top of the compression tube body, and when the compression tube is horizontal in the cargo compartment, the flange is in direct contact with the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment;

[0018] A hanging bracket installed in the compression tube body is used in conjunction with the connecting component to transmit the movement of the compression tube to the hinge to achieve exhaust gas flow channel control;

[0019] Multiple pins for limiting the up and down movement of the compression tube body from deviating from a predetermined direction are evenly spaced and circumferentially arranged on the flange of the compression tube body, and the free ends of the pins pass through the flange on the flue outlet of the heating box assembly;

[0020] The limiting component is installed at the end of the pin shaft passing through the flange on the flue outlet, and is used to limit the upward movement distance of the compression tube body.

[0021] In some embodiments, the limiting component is composed of a slotted nut and a cotter pin. The slotted nut is screwed onto the pin shaft, and the slotted nut is limited from loosening by inserting the cotter pin.

[0022] In some embodiments, the elastic component is a spring, which is mounted on a pin between a flange on the compression tube and a flange on the flue outlet; the compressible stroke of the spring is greater than the required compression stroke of the compression tube; when the cargo compartment is in a horizontal position, the spring is in a compressed state, but cannot be in a maximum compression state, to ensure that the cargo compartment pressure does not directly act on the heating box assembly.

[0023] In some embodiments, the hanging bracket is mainly composed of two hanging plates that are spaced apart and arranged symmetrically with each other. Both hanging plates are provided with multiple coaxially arranged adjustment holes. The elastic modulus of the corresponding elastic component is adapted by adjusting the mounting holes of the connecting component on the hanging bracket.

[0024] In some embodiments, the compression tube also includes a heating tail pipe installed at the inner edge of the top of the compression tube body. The heating tail pipe gradually forms a necking structure from bottom to top. When the compression tube is horizontal in the cargo compartment, the heating tail pipe can extend into the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment to reduce exhaust gas leakage.

[0025] In some embodiments, the connecting member is a flexible connection, which acts as a buffer when the cargo compartment and the compression tube vibrate up and down, preventing the hinge from being damaged due to excessive movement.

[0026] In some embodiments, the connecting component is a steel wire rope with fixed rope rings at both ends, one end of which is connected to the lifting bracket of the compression tube, and the other end is connected to the hinge, and the connection method is hinged to ensure that the steel wire rope, the lifting bracket and the hinge can rotate relative to each other; the steel wire rope and the lifting bracket are also detachably connected, which facilitates the steel wire rope to select connection points at different positions on the lifting bracket, so that when the compression tube is at the lower dead point, the hinge covers the exhaust interface to achieve cargo compartment heating; when the compression tube is at the upper dead point, the hinge covers the flue outlet of the heating box assembly, and the exhaust gas is discharged.

[0027] In a second aspect, the present invention discloses a cargo compartment heating system, characterized in that it comprises:

[0028] The cargo compartment heating device mentioned above;

[0029] The engine is connected to the air intake interface in the heating box assembly through the engine exhaust pipe;

[0030] Cargo compartment, including:

[0031] cargo compartment body;

[0032] The cargo compartment high temperature interface cooperates with the compression pipe and is installed on the front side panel of the cargo compartment body to enable the flow of high temperature gas into the cargo compartment;

[0033] The cargo compartment high-temperature flow channel connected to the cargo compartment high-temperature interface surrounds the cargo compartment body and is a flow channel for high-temperature gas, which directly heats the cargo compartment body through the flow of high-temperature gas.

[0034] In a third aspect, the present invention discloses a mining dump truck equipped with the above-mentioned cargo compartment heating device; or equipped with the above-mentioned cargo compartment heating system.

[0035] In a fourth aspect, the present invention discloses a cargo compartment heating method:

[0036] The high-temperature exhaust gas of the engine is used to heat the cargo compartment by directly outputting it through the cargo compartment heating device.

[0037] The exhaust gas flow channel is divided into two states:

[0038] When the cargo compartment is in a normal horizontal state, the compression pipe is at the bottom dead center due to pressure, the spring is in a compressed state, the compression pipe moves downward, and the hinge rotates downward under its own gravity and the driving force of the lifting bracket and stays in a vertical state, covering the exhaust outlet. The high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the compression pipe and the heating tail pipe and heats the cargo compartment;

[0039] When dumping materials in the cargo compartment, the compression tube is located at the top dead center under the action of the spring. The compression tube drives the hinge to move through the steel wire rope. The hinge is in a horizontal state and can cover the heating passage opening of the cargo compartment. The high-temperature exhaust gas is directly discharged through the exhaust interface and the exhaust tail pipe. After dumping the materials, the cargo compartment moves to a horizontal state and returns to the heating state.

[0040] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0041] The present invention utilizes a cargo compartment heating device to recycle high-temperature exhaust gas, resolving the problem of freezing materials in the cargo compartment in low-temperature environments, which can cause material accumulation during dumping. The cargo compartment heating device for mining dump trucks is simple in structure, reliable in operation, and purely mechanical, requiring no external gas, electrical, or hydraulic components. This improves the transportation efficiency and safety of mining trucks. Due to the high exhaust temperature of mining dump trucks, the high-temperature exhaust gas is utilized to heat the cargo compartment, enabling waste gas recycling, saving energy, and improving the economic efficiency of mining truck operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] The accompanying drawings, as part of this disclosure, are intended to provide a further understanding of the disclosure. The exemplary embodiments of the disclosure and their descriptions are intended to explain the disclosure and do not constitute undue limitations thereon. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples, and those skilled in the art can derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort.

[0043] In the attached figure:

[0044] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the cargo compartment heating system of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the cargo compartment heating device of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the contact assembly between the heating box assembly and the cargo compartment of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the high-temperature exhaust operation mode of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the heating box assembly of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 6 This is a structural diagram of the compression tube of the present invention.

[0050] Figure identification: 1. Cargo compartment; 1-1. Cargo compartment high-temperature interface; 1-2. Cargo compartment high-temperature flow channel; 1-3. Cargo compartment body; 2. Heating box assembly; 2-1. Box plate; 2-2. Flue outlet; 2-3. Air intake interface; 2-4. Exhaust interface; 2-5. Folding; 2-6. Hinge; 2-7. Pull rope buckle; 2-8. Bottom plate bracket; 2-9. Back plate bracket; 3. Compression tube; 3-1. Heating tail pipe; 3-2. Lifting bracket; 3-3. Pin shaft; 3-4. Flange; 3-5. Compression tube body; 4. Spring; 5. Blocking plate; 6. Hexagonal slotted nut; 7. Split pin; 8. Wire rope; 9. Exhaust tail pipe; 10. Engine exhaust pipe; 11. Engine.

[0051] It should be noted that these drawings and textual descriptions are not intended to limit the conceptual scope of the present invention in any way, but rather to illustrate the concept of the present invention for those skilled in the art by referring to specific embodiments. Implementation Method

[0052] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. The following embodiments are used to illustrate the present invention but are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0053] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating directions or positional relationships, are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction, be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the present invention.

[0054] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed, detachable, or integral connections; mechanical or electrical connections; and direct or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0055] like Figure 1 As shown, a cargo compartment heating system includes a cargo compartment heating device, an engine and a cargo compartment; the engine is connected to the air intake interface in the cargo compartment heating device through the engine exhaust pipe; the cargo compartment high-temperature interface in the cargo compartment cooperates with the compression pipe in the cargo compartment heating device to realize the flow of part of the high-temperature gas into the cargo compartment. Since the exhaust gas temperature is very high, the high-temperature exhaust gas is used to heat the cargo compartment, thereby realizing the reuse of exhaust gas, saving energy and improving the operating economy of engineering vehicles.

[0056] Continue to refer to Figure 1 As shown, the cargo compartment 1 includes a cargo compartment high-temperature interface 1-1, a cargo compartment high-temperature flow channel 1-2, and a cargo compartment body 1-3; the cargo compartment high-temperature interface 1-1 can cooperate with the compression tube 3 to realize the flow of high-temperature gas into part of the cargo compartment; the cargo compartment high-temperature flow channel 1-2 surrounds the cargo compartment body 1-3 and is a flow channel for high-temperature gas. The cargo compartment body 1-3 is directly heated by the flow of high-temperature gas, and its size is calculated to ensure that the exhaust back pressure of the engine 11 meets the requirements and protects the normal operation of the engine 11.

[0057] As an optimization solution of the present invention: the diameter of the heating tail pipe 3-1 and the exhaust tail pipe 9 is 250mm, and the size of the high-temperature flow channel 1-2 in the cargo compartment is 340mm×150mm, which meets the exhaust back pressure requirements of the engine 11 and protects the normal operation of the engine 11; the inspection port size of the heating box assembly 2 is 420mm×230mm, ensuring the later maintenance space for the folding leaves, hinges, and wire ropes.

[0058] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4As shown, a cargo compartment heating device mainly includes a heating box assembly 2, a compression tube 3, a spring 4, a blocking plate 5, a hexagonal slotted nut 6, a cotter pin 7, a steel wire rope 8, and an exhaust tail pipe 9. The heating box assembly 2 and the compression tube 3 are connected by the spring 4, the cotter pin 7, and the hexagonal slotted nut 6. The compression tube 3 is raised and lowered by the elastic force of the spring 4 and the pressure of the cargo compartment 1. When the cargo compartment 1 is horizontal, it is in direct contact with the compression tube 3. The heating tail pipe 3-1 at the tail of the compression tube 3 extends into the high-temperature interface 1-1 of the cargo compartment. The hinge 2-5 falls with the compression tube 3 to block the exhaust outlet, forming a heating passage for the cargo compartment. When the cargo compartment is lifted, the compression tube 3 is bounced up by the spring 4, driving the hinge 2-5 upward to block the heating outlet, and the exhaust tail pipe 9 is directly connected to the exhaust interface 2-4 of the heating box assembly 2, which is the exhaust gas emission passage; the compression tube 3 is connected to the hinge 2-5 through a steel wire rope 8, and the movement of the hinge 2-5 can be achieved by lifting and lowering the compression tube 3, and the exhaust gas can be controlled to select the cargo compartment heating passage or the exhaust gas emission passage; that is, the compression tube 3 is connected to the hinge 2-5 through a steel wire rope 8, and the movement of the hinge 2-5 is driven by lifting and lowering the compression tube 3, and the direction of the exhaust gas can be controlled to select the cargo compartment heating passage or the exhaust gas emission passage.

[0059] A further solution is that the blocking plate 5 is connected to the heating box assembly 2 by bolts to seal the inspection port, so as to facilitate the later inspection and maintenance of the folding leaves 2-5, hinges 2-6, steel wire ropes 8 and other components.

[0060] A preferred embodiment of the heating box assembly according to the above embodiment is given below:

[0061] like Figure 5 As shown, the heating box assembly 2 is a welded part, including a box plate 2-1, a flue outlet 2-2, an air inlet interface 2-3, an exhaust interface 2-4, a bottom plate bracket 2-8, and a back plate bracket 2-9; the air inlet interface 2-3 is located on one side of the box body, the exhaust interface 2-4 is located on the other side of the box body, and the flue outlet 2-2 is located on the top surface of the box body; the flue outlet 2-2, the air inlet interface 2-3, and the exhaust interface 2-4 are all cylindrical structures protruding outward from the box plate 2-1, and the three are connected with the box plate 2 -1 is welded and fixed; the flue outlet 2-2 and the exhaust interface 2-4 are set as flange interfaces; one end of the hinge 2-5 is connected to the inner angle formed by the side surface of the box at the exhaust interface 2-4 and the top surface of the box at the flue outlet 2-2 through the hinge 2-6. The hinge 2-5 is a moving part that can control the flow channel of the exhaust gas and select cargo compartment heating or exhaust gas emission; the bottom plate bracket 2-8 and the back plate bracket 2-9 play a fixing role; a rope buckle 2-7 connected to the steel wire rope 8 is provided on the hinge 2-5.

[0062] like Figure 1 and Figure 5As shown, the air intake interface 2-3 is directly connected to the engine exhaust pipe 10, which is the exhaust gas input port of the entire cargo compartment heating device; the flue outlet 2-2 is connected to the compression pipe 3 through a spring 4 and a cotter pin 7, which is the entrance of the cargo compartment heating passage; the exhaust interface 2-4 is directly connected to the exhaust tail pipe 9, which is the exhaust gas discharge outlet.

[0063] A preferred embodiment of the above embodiment regarding the compression tube is given below:

[0064] like Figure 3 and Figure 6 As shown, the compression pipe 3 is a welded part, including a heating tail pipe 3-1, a hanging bracket 3-2, a pin 3-3, a flange 3-4 and a compression pipe body 3-5; the compression pipe body 3-5 is inserted into the flue outlet 2-2 of the heating box assembly and can move up and down in the flue outlet 2-2, the hanging bracket 3-2 is installed in the compression pipe body 3-5, the flange 3-4 is installed at the outer edge of the top of the compression pipe body 3-5, the heating tail pipe 3-1 is installed at the inner edge of the top of the compression pipe body 3-5, and the heating tail pipe 3-1 gradually forms a shrinking structure from the bottom to the top; when the compression pipe 3 is in the horizontal position of the cargo compartment 1, the flange 3-4 is in contact with the high temperature contact of the cargo compartment The heating tail pipe 3-1 is in direct contact with the high-temperature interface 1-1 of the cargo compartment, reducing exhaust gas leakage; the hanging bracket 3-2 is connected to the wire rope 8, and the movement of the compression tube 3 can be transmitted to the movable hinge 2-5 through the hanging bracket 3-2 and the wire rope 8, thereby realizing exhaust gas flow channel control; multiple pins 3-3 are evenly and alternately arranged along the circumference on the flange 3-4 of the compression tube body 3-5, and the free end of the pin 3-3 passes through the flange on the flue outlet 2-2 of the heating box assembly 2, and the hexagonal slotted nut 6 is tightened on the pin 3-3, and the loosening of the hexagonal slotted nut 6 is limited by inserting the cotter pin 7;

[0065] Spring 4 is mounted on a pin 3-3 between flange 3-4 on compression tube 3 and the flange on flue outlet 2-2. Therefore, pin 3-3, in conjunction with spring 4, hexagonal slotted nut 6, and cotter pin 7, connects compression tube 3 to flue outlet 2-2 while also ensuring that the vertical movement of spring 4 and compression tube 3 does not deviate from the predetermined direction.

[0066] like Figure 6 As shown, the lifting bracket 3-2 is mainly composed of two hanging plates that are spaced apart and arranged symmetrically with each other. Additional adjustment holes are opened on both sides of the lifting bracket 3-2 during design, and can be selected according to actual needs during on-site installation. When the elastic modulus of the spring 4 is not selected reasonably, resulting in a deviation in the stroke, the adjustment amount can be further matched by adjusting the installation hole of the wire rope 8 on the lifting bracket 3-2 to ensure normal switching of the exhaust gas guide. At the same time, the holes on both sides of the lifting bracket 3-2 should ensure left-right symmetry to ensure process control of the production welding process.

[0067] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, the compressible stroke of the spring 4 should be greater than the required compression stroke of the compression tube 3; when the cargo compartment 1 is in a horizontal position, that is, in the cargo compartment heating state, the spring 4 should be in a compressed state, but not in the maximum compression state, to ensure that the cargo compartment pressure does not directly act on the heating box assembly.

[0068] As an optimization solution of the present invention: the required compression stroke of the compression tube 3 is at least 130mm, ensuring that the high-temperature interface 1-1 of the cargo compartment has sufficient contact force with the compression tube 3; the compressible stroke of the spring 4 should be greater than 150mm, ensuring that the cargo compartment pressure does not directly act on the heating box assembly, thereby protecting the heating box assembly; the heating tail pipe 3-1 extends into the high-temperature interface 1-1 of the cargo compartment for at least 25mm to reduce exhaust gas leakage.

[0069] like Figure 3 As shown, rope rings are fixed at both ends of the steel wire rope 8, one end is connected to the lifting bracket 3-2 of the compression tube 3, and the other end is connected to the rope buckle 2-7 of the heating box assembly 2, and the connection method is a pin shaft and a cotter pin, which ensures that the steel wire rope 8 and the lifting bracket 3-2 and the hinge 2-5 can rotate relative to each other, and its length needs to be determined according to the relative position relationship between the size of the heating box, the size of the hinge, the cargo compartment heating passage opening and the exhaust gas emission passage opening; the steel wire rope 8 flexibly connects the compression tube 3 and the hinge 2-5, and can play a buffering role when the transportation conditions are harsh and the cargo compartment 1 and the compression tube 3 vibrate up and down, to prevent the hinge 2-5 from being damaged due to excessive movement; when the compression tube 3 is at the lower dead point, the hinge 2-5 can cover the exhaust interface 2-4 to achieve cargo compartment heating; when the compression tube 3 is at the upper dead point, the hinge 2-5 can cover the flue outlet 2-2 to discharge the exhaust gas.

[0070] like Figure 4As shown, the cargo compartment heating method mainly utilizes the high-temperature exhaust gas of the engine, which is directly output as a heat source for cargo compartment heating after passing through the cargo compartment heating device to heat the cargo compartment. Among them, the exhaust gas flow channel can be divided into two states: when the cargo compartment 1 is in a normal horizontal state, the compression tube 3 is at the bottom dead center due to pressure, the spring 4 is in a compressed state, the compression tube 3 moves downward, and the hinge 2-5 rotates downward under its own gravity and the drive of the lifting bracket 3-2 and stays in a vertical state, covering the exhaust interface 2-4. The high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the heating tail pipe 3-1 of the compression tube 3 and heats the cargo compartment; when the cargo compartment 1 is unloading materials, the compression tube 3 is at the top dead center under the action of the spring 4. The compression tube 3 is driven by the steel wire rope 8 to move the hinge 2-5. The hinge 2-5 is in a horizontal state and can cover the cargo compartment heating passage opening. The high-temperature exhaust gas is directly discharged through the exhaust interface 2-4 and the exhaust tail pipe 9; after unloading the materials, the cargo compartment 1 moves to a horizontal state, and the cargo compartment high-temperature interface 1-1 and the compression tube 3 are re-matched, returning to the cargo compartment heating state. During the operation of the vehicle, the cargo compartment 1 vibrates greatly and fluctuates up and down, thereby driving the compression tube 3 to move up and down. When the hinges 2-5 are at the extreme positions, the steel wire rope 8 is relatively soft and can be further contracted to meet the use requirements.

[0071] The invention also discloses a mining dump truck equipped with the cargo compartment heating system.

[0072] In summary, the present invention discloses a cargo compartment heating device, heating system, and heating method, including a cargo compartment, a heating box assembly, a compression tube, a spring, a blocking plate, a hexagonal slotted nut, a cotter pin, a steel wire rope, and an exhaust tail pipe; the heating box assembly includes a box plate, a smoke box outlet, an air intake interface, and an exhaust interface. The heating box assembly and the compression tube are connected by a spring and a cotter pin, and the compression tube is raised and lowered by the spring force and the cargo compartment pressure; when the cargo compartment is horizontal, it is in direct contact with the compression tube, and the heating tail pipe at the tail of the compression tube extends into the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment. The hinge falls with the compression tube to block the exhaust outlet, forming a cargo compartment heating passage; when the cargo compartment is lifted, the compression tube is bounced up by the spring, driving the hinge to block the heating outlet upward, and the exhaust tail pipe is directly connected to the exhaust interface of the heating box assembly, forming an exhaust gas discharge passage; that is, the compression tube is connected to the hinge by a steel wire rope, and the movement of the hinge is driven by the lifting of the compression tube, so that the direction of the exhaust gas can be controlled to select the cargo compartment heating passage or the exhaust gas discharge passage. The present invention utilizes a cargo compartment heating device to recycle high-temperature exhaust gas, resolving the problem of freezing materials in the cargo compartment in low-temperature environments, which can cause material accumulation during dumping. The cargo compartment heating device for mining dump trucks is simple in structure, reliable in operation, and purely mechanical, requiring no external gas, electrical, or hydraulic components. This improves the transportation efficiency and safety of mining trucks. Due to the high exhaust temperature of mining dump trucks, the high-temperature exhaust gas is utilized to heat the cargo compartment, enabling waste gas recycling, saving energy, and improving the economic efficiency of mining truck operation.

[0073] In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are described. However, it is understood that embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures, and techniques are not shown in detail so as not to obscure the understanding of this description.

[0074] Furthermore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that, although some embodiments described herein include certain features included in other embodiments but not other features, combinations of features from different embodiments are also intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention and form different embodiments. For example, in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to use them in combination based on the known technical solutions and the technical problems to be solved by this application.

[0075] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not constitute any form of limitation to the present invention. Although the present invention has been disclosed as above in terms of a preferred embodiment, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any technician familiar with this patent can make slight changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments using the above-mentioned technical contents without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present invention are still within the scope of the solution of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cargo compartment heating device, characterized in that: include: The heating box assembly is a box-shaped structure having at least one air inlet interface, an exhaust interface and a flue outlet; A compression tube is provided in the flue outlet of the heating box assembly via an elastic component, and the compression tube is also located below the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment. The compression tube is raised and lowered by the elastic force of the elastic component and the cargo compartment pressure. The hinge is hinged in the heating box assembly and connected to the compression tube through a connecting component. The lifting and lowering compression tube can drive the hinge to rotate around the hinge point, which is used to control the flow channel of the exhaust gas and select cargo compartment heating or exhaust gas discharge; When the cargo compartment is horizontal, it is in direct contact with the compression pipe. The top of the compression pipe can extend into the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment. The hinge falls with the compression pipe to block the exhaust interface, forming a heating passage for the cargo compartment. When the cargo box is lifted, the compression tube is bounced up by the elastic component, driving the hinge upward to block the flue outlet. The exhaust tail pipe is directly connected to the exhaust interface of the heating box assembly, serving as the exhaust gas discharge path. The heating box assembly comprises a hollow box body formed by splicing a plurality of box panels; the air inlet port is located on one side of the box body, the exhaust port is located on the other side of the box body, and the flue outlet is located on the top surface of the box body; the air inlet port is directly connected to the engine exhaust pipe and serves as the exhaust gas input port for the entire cargo compartment heating device; the exhaust port is directly connected to the exhaust tail pipe and serves as the exhaust gas discharge outlet; the flue outlet cooperates with the compression pipe and serves as the entrance to the cargo compartment heating passage; One end of the hinge is connected to the inner angle formed by the side surface of the box at the exhaust interface and the top surface of the box at the flue outlet through a hinge. When the hinge is in a horizontal position, it can block the flue outlet. When the hinge is in a vertical position, it can block the exhaust interface. The hinge is provided with a drawstring buckle for use with the connecting component.

2. The cargo compartment heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet port, the exhaust port and the flue outlet are all cylindrical structures protruding outward from the box plate, and the three are welded to the box plate or cast integrally with the box plate; Any one, any two or any three of the air inlet interface, the exhaust interface and the flue outlet are set as flange interfaces.

3. The cargo compartment heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: An inspection opening is provided on one side of the box body, and the inspection opening is blocked by a detachably connected blocking plate.

4. The cargo compartment heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The compression tube comprises: A compression tube body inserted into the flue outlet of the heating box assembly is capable of moving up and down in the flue outlet; A flange is installed at the outer edge of the top of the compression tube body, and when the compression tube is horizontal in the cargo compartment, the flange is in direct contact with the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment; A hanging bracket installed in the compression tube body is used in conjunction with the connecting component to transmit the movement of the compression tube to the hinge to achieve exhaust gas flow channel control; Multiple pins for limiting the up and down movement of the compression tube body from deviating from a predetermined direction are evenly spaced and circumferentially arranged on the flange of the compression tube body, and the free ends of the pins pass through the flange on the flue outlet of the heating box assembly; The limiting component is installed at the end of the pin shaft passing through the flange on the flue outlet, and is used to limit the upward movement distance of the compression tube body.

5. The cargo compartment heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The limiting component consists of a slotted nut and a cotter pin. The slotted nut is screwed onto the pin shaft, and the slotted nut is limited from loosening by inserting the cotter pin.

6. The cargo compartment heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The elastic component is a spring, and the spring is sleeved on a pin located between a flange on the compression pipe and a flange on the flue outlet; The compressible stroke of the spring is greater than the required compression stroke of the compression tube; when the cargo compartment is in a horizontal position, the spring is in a compressed state, but cannot be in a maximum compression state, to ensure that the cargo compartment pressure does not directly act on the heating box assembly.

7. The cargo compartment heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The hanging bracket is composed of two hanging plates that are spaced apart and arranged symmetrically with each other. Both hanging plates are provided with multiple coaxially arranged adjustment holes. The elastic modulus of the corresponding elastic component is adapted by adjusting the mounting holes of the connecting component on the hanging bracket.

8. The cargo compartment heating device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The compression tube further comprises: The heating tail pipe is installed at the inner edge of the top of the compression tube body. The heating tail pipe gradually forms a tapered structure from bottom to top. When the compression tube is horizontal in the cargo compartment, the heating tail pipe can extend into the high-temperature interface of the cargo compartment to reduce exhaust gas leakage.

9. The cargo compartment heating device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The connecting component is a flexible connection, which plays a buffering role when the cargo compartment and the compression tube vibrate up and down, thereby preventing the hinge from being damaged due to excessive movement.

10. The cargo compartment heating device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The connecting component is a steel wire rope with fixed rope rings at both ends, one end of which is connected to the hanging bracket of the compression tube, and the other end is connected to the hinge. The connection method is hinged to ensure that the steel wire rope, the hanging bracket and the hinge can rotate relative to each other; The steel wire rope and the lifting bracket are also detachably connected, which makes it easy for the steel wire rope to select connection points at different positions on the lifting bracket, so that when the compression tube is at the lower dead point, the fold covers the exhaust interface to achieve cargo compartment heating; when the compression tube is at the upper dead point, the fold covers the flue outlet of the heating box assembly to discharge exhaust gas.

11. A cargo compartment heating system, characterized in that: include: The cargo compartment heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 10; The engine is connected to the air intake interface in the heating box assembly through the engine exhaust pipe; Cargo compartment, including: cargo compartment body; The cargo compartment high temperature interface cooperates with the compression pipe and is installed on the front side panel of the cargo compartment body to enable the flow of high temperature gas into the cargo compartment; The cargo compartment high-temperature flow channel connected to the cargo compartment high-temperature interface surrounds the cargo compartment body and is a flow channel for high-temperature gas, which directly heats the cargo compartment body through the flow of high-temperature gas.

12. A mining dump truck, characterized by: Equipped with the cargo compartment heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 10; or equipped with the cargo compartment heating system according to claim 11.

13. A cargo compartment heating method, implemented using the cargo compartment heating device according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The high-temperature exhaust gas of the engine is used to heat the cargo compartment by directly outputting it through the cargo compartment heating device. The exhaust gas flow channel is divided into two states: When the cargo compartment is in a normal horizontal state, the compression pipe is at the bottom dead center due to pressure, the spring is in a compressed state, the compression pipe moves downward, and the hinge rotates downward under its own gravity and the driving force of the lifting bracket and stays in a vertical state, covering the exhaust outlet. The high-temperature exhaust gas passes through the compression pipe and the heating tail pipe and heats the cargo compartment; When dumping materials in the cargo compartment, the compression tube is located at the top dead center under the action of the spring. The compression tube drives the hinge to move through the steel wire rope. The hinge is in a horizontal state and can cover the heating passage opening of the cargo compartment. The high-temperature exhaust gas is directly discharged through the exhaust interface and the exhaust tail pipe. After dumping the materials, the cargo compartment moves to a horizontal state and returns to the heating state.

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