Segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system and method of calculation thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a segmented photovoltaic square array anchoring system, which comprises a plurality of groups of anchor blocks sunk in the bottom of water, catenaries, first anchor ropes and photovoltaic square arrays floating on the water surface, one end of the first anchor rope is connected with the photovoltaic square array, the other end of the first anchor rope is connected with the upper end of the catenary, and the application further comprises second anchor ropes, the two ends of the second anchor ropes are respectively connected with the lower end of the catenary and the anchor blocks. The application further discloses a calculation method of the segmented photovoltaic square array anchoring system. The first anchor rope, the catenary, the second anchor rope and the float are arranged, so that the restoring force borne by the anchoring system at low water level can resist the environmental load, the offset of each photovoltaic square array is within a certain range, and collision does not occur; in addition, the float and the catenary with a certain length or unit length weight are arranged, so that the tension at the top end of the anchor chain section can meet the requirements of the whole float reserve buoyancy and the connection mechanism strength when the photovoltaic square array is at high water level, and the float structure is not pulled to be damaged or the float is not pulled to sink.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of floating photovoltaic power generation technology, specifically to a segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system and its calculation method. Technical Background

[0002] Currently, floating photovoltaic arrays can be constructed in areas such as reservoirs, inlets, and around lakes. When the water level changes, the photovoltaic array rises and falls accordingly. Existing anchoring systems typically adapt to water level changes by reserving slack in the anchor ropes and using elastic ropes, secondary anchors, or adding floats and weights. At low water levels, the distance between the photovoltaic array and the seabed decreases, the anchor ropes become slack, and they cannot provide effective restoring force, causing the array to deviate significantly under the influence of external environmental forces. At high water levels, the distance between the photovoltaic array and the seabed increases, the anchor ropes become taut, and excessive top tension may damage the float's lugs or anchoring supports.

[0003] Chinese invention patent CN113955013A discloses an anchoring device and method for a floating photovoltaic array. The anchoring device includes multiple sets of piles fixed to the seabed or anchor blocks submerged in the water, a chain, and anchor ropes. One end of the chain is connected to the anchor block or pile, and the other end is connected to one end of the anchor rope. The other end of the anchor rope is connected to the floating photovoltaic array. However, when the water level fluctuation reaches 20m, the chain section, located at the lower end of the anchor rope, becomes very long, leading to excessive tension at the top of the anchor rope at high water levels, potentially damaging or sinking the floating structure. Reducing the weight of the chain section decreases the restoring force on the anchoring system at low water levels, increasing the array's offset range and potentially causing collisions with adjacent arrays. Therefore, it is difficult to simultaneously meet the positioning requirements of the photovoltaic array at both high and low water levels.

[0004] Therefore, it is urgent to propose a photovoltaic array anchoring system and its calculation method that can adapt to large water level fluctuations, so as to ensure that the restoring force of the anchoring system can resist environmental loads at low water levels, and that the offset of each photovoltaic array is within a certain range and no collision occurs; at high water levels, the tension at the top of the anchor chain segment does not exceed the allowable strength at the connection of the float lug or anchoring bracket. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention provides a segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system and its calculation method, ensuring that the restoring force of the anchoring system can resist environmental loads at low water levels, and that the offset of each photovoltaic array is within a certain range without collision; at high water levels, the tension at the top of the anchor chain segment does not exceed the allowable strength at the connection of the float lug or anchoring bracket.

[0006] The present invention provides a segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system, comprising multiple sets of anchor blocks submerged in water, a suspension chain, a first anchor rope, and a photovoltaic array floating on the water surface. One end of the first anchor rope is connected to the photovoltaic array, and the other end of the first anchor rope is connected to the upper end of the suspension chain.

[0007] It also includes a second anchor rope, the two ends of which are connected to the lower end of the catenary and the anchor block, respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the first anchor rope is made of corrosion-resistant galvanized steel cable, stainless steel, or polymer fiber.

[0009] Furthermore, the second anchor rope is made of galvanized steel cable, which is wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant.

[0010] Furthermore, the catenary is a galvanized anchor chain with stops, and the diameter of the anchor chain with stops is not less than 20mm.

[0011] Furthermore, the photovoltaic array is arranged in a square shape, with multiple floating bodies connected end to end on each side, and multiple first anchor ropes are tied to the floating bodies at intervals.

[0012] Furthermore, each of the floats includes a float body, multiple pull rings, and lifting lugs disposed at both ends of the float body; the pull rings are used to tie the first anchor rope, the lifting lugs are used to tie two adjacent float bodies, and the lifting lugs are provided with through holes, and two adjacent floats are connected by bolts passing through the through holes.

[0013] In addition, the present invention also provides a calculation method for a segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system, comprising the following steps:

[0014] S1. Based on the installation location and hydrological conditions of the photovoltaic array, determine the highest water level H at the installation location. max Minimum water level H min The anchoring radius R is determined based on the size of the photovoltaic array, the total number of anchor chain segments, and the weight per unit length of the catenary. The minimum water level H of the photovoltaic array is determined based on the spacing between the arrays and consideration of maintenance access. min Maximum offset at time;

[0015] S2, based on the highest water level H max The total length L of the entire anchor chain segment is determined by the anchoring radius R. The total length L of the entire anchor chain segment is the sum of the length L1 of the first anchor rope, the length L2 of the catenary, and the length L3 of the second anchor rope, and it is assumed that the length L1 of the first anchor rope and the length L3 of the second anchor rope are the same.

[0016] S3. Calculate the location of the photovoltaic array at the highest water level H. max At that time, the length L2 of the catenary is determined based on the reserve buoyancy of the float and the connection strength between the first anchor rope and the photovoltaic array;

[0017] S4. Calculate the location of the photovoltaic array at the lowest water level H. minAt the same time, the horizontal restoring force Q of the photovoltaic array at the maximum offset is calculated under different lengths of the first anchor rope, and the lengths of the first anchor rope L1 and the second anchor rope L3 corresponding to the maximum horizontal restoring force Q are determined.

[0018] S5. Calculate the environmental load acting on the photovoltaic array and determine whether the anchoring system can provide sufficient restoring force to resist the environmental load at the specified offset. If the horizontal restoring force Q of the anchoring system is greater than the environmental load on the photovoltaic array, then the anchoring system can meet the positioning requirements of the photovoltaic array under large water level fluctuations. If the horizontal restoring force Q of the anchoring system is less than the environmental load on the photovoltaic array, the unit length weight or length L2 of the catenary can be increased, and the calculation steps S3 to S4 can be repeated until the final horizontal restoring force Q of the anchoring system is greater than the environmental load on the photovoltaic array. The final length L1 of the first anchor rope, the length L2 of the catenary and the unit length weight, and the length L3 of the second anchor rope are obtained.

[0019] Furthermore, the expression for the total length L of the entire anchor chain segment is:

[0020]

[0021] Where H max R is the highest water level at the photovoltaic array installation site, R is the anchoring radius of the photovoltaic array, and K is the margin factor for the length of the anchor chain segment, with a value of 1.02 to 1.03.

[0022] Furthermore, the calculation of the horizontal restoring force Q of the photovoltaic array at the maximum offset under different anchor rope lengths includes the following calculation steps:

[0023]

[0024]

[0025]

[0026]

[0027]

[0028]

[0029]

[0030] Where n is the number of segments in the entire anchor chain segment, and its value is 3, L k ,S k ,h kLet L, S, and H be the total length, horizontal length, and vertical length of the k-th anchor chain segment, respectively; let Q be the horizontal restoring force provided by the entire anchor chain segment; let T be the tip tension of the entire anchor chain segment; and let θ be the vertical tension. k Let W be the horizontal inclination angle of the k-th anchor chain segment. k Let k be the unit length weight of the kth anchor chain segment, where k can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0032] 1. This invention, by setting up a floating body and a suspension chain of a certain length or unit length weight, ensures that when the photovoltaic array is at a high water level, the tension at the top of the anchor chain segment meets the requirements of the buoyancy reserve of the entire floating body and the strength of the connecting mechanism, and will not damage the floating body structure or cause the floating body to sink.

[0033] 2. Compared with the existing technology of adding weights, floats, etc., the present invention has a uniform mass distribution of the suspension chain in the middle section of the anchor chain segment. The restoring force of the anchoring system changes continuously with the water level and the offset of the array, which will not cause stress abrupt change or uneven force, thus preventing the anchor chain segment from being suddenly pulled apart.

[0034] 3. This invention employs a three-section anchor chain, using the self-weight of the chain to adjust the shape and stress of the entire anchor chain section. At low water levels, the chain is fully or partially raised, balancing the photovoltaic array under the pre-tension of the anchor chain section. When the array shifts, the suspended section of the chain on the shifted side decreases, while the chain on the other side is raised. Simultaneously, the angle between the anchor chain section and the vertical direction changes, generating a restoring force that returns the array to its equilibrium position. When the water level rises, the entire chain is raised, increasing the pre-tension of the anchoring system and providing a more effective restoring force.

[0035] 4. This invention, through the calculation method of the anchoring system, and by selecting appropriate lengths of the first anchor rope, the catenary, and the second anchor rope, ensures that the overall horizontal restoring force provided by the anchoring system is greater than the environmental load on the photovoltaic array, thereby ensuring that the offset of each photovoltaic array is within a certain range and that no collision occurs; in addition, it also proves that the catenary located in the middle of the anchor chain segment can provide horizontal restoring force more effectively than the catenary located at the bottom of the anchor chain segment. Attached Figure Description

[0036] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system of the present invention when it is at the highest water level.

[0037] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the first state of the segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system of the present invention when it is at the lowest water level;

[0038] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the second state of the segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system of the present invention when it is at the lowest water level;

[0039] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system of the present invention at its maximum offset.

[0040] Figure 5 This is a top view of the overall structure of the segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system of the present invention;

[0041] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a single float of the present invention;

[0042] Figure 7 This is a flowchart of the calculation method for the segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the calculation of the anchor chain segment tension according to the present invention;

[0044] Reference numerals in the attached diagram: 1. Anchor block; 2. Chain link; 3. First anchor rope; 4. Second anchor rope; 5. Photovoltaic array; 6. Floating body; 61. Main body of the floating body; 62. Lifting lug; 621. Through hole; 63. Pull ring. Detailed Implementation

[0045] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1-8 The present invention will be further described in detail with reference to specific embodiments.

[0046] like Figures 1-6 As shown, this embodiment discloses a segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system, including multiple sets of anchor blocks 1 submerged in water, a suspension chain 2, a first anchor rope 3, and a photovoltaic array 5 floating on the water surface. One end of the first anchor rope 3 is connected to the photovoltaic array 5, and the other end of the first anchor rope 3 is connected to the upper end of the suspension chain 2. The anchoring system also includes a second anchor rope 4, with both ends of the second anchor rope 4 connected to the lower end of the suspension chain 2 and the anchor block 1, respectively.

[0047] This invention, by incorporating a floating body and a suspension chain of a certain length or unit length weight, ensures that the tension at the top of the anchor chain segment meets the requirements of the entire floating body's buoyancy reserve and the strength of the connecting mechanism when the photovoltaic array is at high water levels, preventing damage to the floating body structure or sinking of the floating body. Furthermore, compared to existing technologies that use weights or floats, this invention provides a more uniform mass distribution of the suspension chain in the middle section of the anchor chain. The restoring force of the anchoring system changes continuously with water level and array displacement, preventing sudden stress changes or uneven force distribution that could lead to the anchor chain segment breaking abruptly.

[0048] This embodiment uses a 160×160m... 2 Taking a photovoltaic array as an example, this design method will be explained. The highest water level H of the floating photovoltaic array... max =50m, lowest water level H min=30m, anchoring radius R=60m, minimum spacing between adjacent photovoltaic arrays is 30m. Anchor chain segments are arranged every 4 meters around the array, that is, 40 anchor chain segments are arranged on each side.

[0049] In this embodiment, the anchor block 1 is a reinforced concrete structure, and its shape can be designed according to the actual engineering needs. It can be a cuboid anchor block, a trapezoidal anchor block, or a frog-shaped anchor block.

[0050] In this embodiment, both the first anchor rope 3 and the second anchor rope 4 are made of galvanized steel cable with a diameter of 20mm, a unit length weight of 1.55kg / m, and an axial stiffness EA = 2.2×107N. The first anchor rope 3 is near the water surface; the galvanized steel cable has good corrosion resistance and can withstand the effects of ultraviolet radiation, temperature, humidity, oxygen, and water quality. Alternatively, the first anchor rope 3 can also be made of corrosion-resistant stainless steel or polymer fiber. The second anchor rope 4 is close to the bottom, in contact with the soil, and subject to friction; therefore, it must be made of galvanized steel cable with good wear and corrosion resistance, but it can also be made of other suitable metal materials with good wear and corrosion resistance.

[0051] In this embodiment, the catenary 2 is a galvanized anchor chain with a stop, a unit length weight of 10 kg / m, an axial stiffness of EA = 1.76 × 107 N, and a stop anchor chain diameter of 20 mm. Other values ​​with a diameter greater than 20 mm can also be used.

[0052] In this embodiment, as Figure 5 As shown, the photovoltaic array 5 is arranged in a square array, with multiple floating bodies 6 connected end to end on each side, and three first anchor ropes 3 are tied to the floating bodies 6 in sequence at intervals.

[0053] In this embodiment, as Figure 6 As shown, a single float 6 includes a float body 61, three pull rings 63 for binding the first anchor rope 3, and two lifting lugs 62 at both ends of the float body 61 for binding two adjacent float bodies 61. Each lifting lug 62 has a through hole 621, and two adjacent floats 6 are connected by bolts passing through the through hole 621.

[0054] In this embodiment, the material of the float 6 can be high-density polyethylene or hollow steel. The total buoyancy reserve of the entire float includes the buoyancy reserve of the photovoltaic array 5 and the float 6. This embodiment requires the selection of a pull ring 63 of suitable strength. The pull ring 63 is manufactured by integrally molding with the float 6, and local reinforcement can be applied to the pull ring 63 during the molding process. When the float 6 is made of steel, it is fixed to the side of the float body 61 by welding to prevent excessive tension at the top from damaging the pull ring 63.

[0055] like Figure 7As shown, this embodiment also provides a calculation method for a segmented photovoltaic array anchoring system, including the following steps:

[0056] S1. Based on the installation location and hydrological conditions of the photovoltaic array, determine the highest water level H at the installation location. max Minimum water level H min The anchoring radius R is determined based on the size of the photovoltaic array, the total number of anchor chain segments, and the weight per unit length of the suspension chain. The spacing between each photovoltaic array 5, taking into account maintenance access, is then used to determine the minimum water level H for each photovoltaic array 5. min Maximum offset at time; highest water level H of floating photovoltaic array 5 max =50m, lowest water level H min =30m, anchoring radius R=60m. Anchor chain segments are placed every 4 meters around the perimeter of the array, i.e., 40 anchor chain segments on each side. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic array is positioned at the lowest water level H. min The maximum offset is 10m.

[0057] S2, based on the highest water level H max The total length L of the entire anchor chain segment is determined by the anchoring radius R. The total length L of the entire anchor chain segment is the sum of the length L1 of the first anchor rope 3, the length L2 of the catenary 2, and the length L3 of the second anchor rope 4, and it is assumed that the length L1 of the first anchor rope 3 and the length L3 of the second anchor rope 4 are the same.

[0058] The expression for the total length L of the entire anchor chain segment is:

[0059]

[0060] Where H max Where H is the highest water level at the photovoltaic array installation site, R is the anchoring radius of the photovoltaic array, and K is the margin factor for the anchor chain segment length. In this embodiment, K is 1.024. max =50m, anchorage radius R=60m, the total length L of the entire anchor chain segment is calculated to be 80m, but K can also be other values ​​between 1.02 and 1.03;

[0061] S3, Calculate the location of photovoltaic array 5 at the highest water level H. max At that time, based on the reserve buoyancy of the float 6 and the connection strength between the first anchor rope 3 and the photovoltaic array 5, the length L2 of the catenary 2 is determined. In this embodiment, L2 is initially selected as 20m.

[0062] S4. Calculate the location of photovoltaic array 5 at the lowest water level H. min At the same time, the horizontal restoring force Q of the photovoltaic array 5 at the maximum offset is calculated under different lengths of the first anchor rope 3, and the length L1 of the first anchor rope 3 and the length L3 of the second anchor rope 4 corresponding to the maximum horizontal restoring force Q are determined.

[0063] In this embodiment, as Figure 8 As shown, the calculation of the horizontal restoring force Q of the photovoltaic array at the maximum offset under different anchor rope lengths includes the following calculation steps:

[0064]

[0065]

[0066]

[0067]

[0068]

[0069]

[0070]

[0071] Where n is the number of segments in the entire anchor chain segment, and its value is 3, L k ,S k ,h k Let L, S, and H be the total length, horizontal length, and vertical length of the k-th anchor chain segment, respectively; let Q be the horizontal restoring force provided by the entire anchor chain segment; let T be the tip tension of the entire anchor chain segment; and let θ be the vertical tension. k Let W be the horizontal inclination angle of the k-th anchor chain segment. k Let k be the unit length weight of the kth anchor chain segment, where k can be 1, 2, or 3.

[0072] In this embodiment, the horizontal restoring force Q of the photovoltaic array at a 10-meter offset is calculated for L1 = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, and 40 m, respectively. The calculation results are shown in the table below:

[0073]

[0074] It can be seen that the horizontal restoring force Q of the entire array is the largest when L1 = 30m. Therefore, the anchor rope parameters are determined as follows: first anchor rope L1 = 30m, intermediate catenary L2 = 20m, and second anchor rope L3 = 30m.

[0075] As can be seen, when L1>30m, the horizontal restoring force of the photovoltaic array 5 decreases as the position of the intermediate catenary 2 moves toward the anchor block 1, proving that the catenary located in the middle of the anchor chain segment can provide horizontal restoring force more effectively than the catenary located at the bottom of the anchor chain segment.

[0076] S5. Calculate the environmental load acting on the photovoltaic array 5, and determine whether the anchoring system can provide sufficient restoring force to resist the environmental load at the specified offset. If the horizontal restoring force Q of the anchoring system is greater than the environmental load on the photovoltaic array 5, then the anchoring system can meet the positioning requirements of the photovoltaic array under large water level fluctuations. If the horizontal restoring force Q of the anchoring system is less than the environmental load on the photovoltaic array 5, then the unit length weight or length L2 of the suspension chain 2 can be increased, and the calculation steps S3 to S4 can be returned to be recalculated until the final horizontal restoring force Q of the anchoring system is greater than the environmental load on the photovoltaic array 5, and the final length L1 of the first anchor rope 3, the length L2 and the unit length weight of the suspension chain 2, and the length L3 of the second anchor rope 4 are obtained.

[0077] Acting on the entire 160×160m 2 Regarding the environmental loads on the photovoltaic array, since the wind load is much greater than the wave load and flow load in this embodiment, only the wind load can be considered in the initial design stage. The formula for calculating the wind load is as follows:

[0078] F=CρAv 2

[0079] Where F is the wind load acting on the entire photovoltaic array, ρ is the air density, A is the projected area of ​​the photovoltaic array perpendicular to the wind direction, v is the design limit wind speed at the site, and C is the wind load coefficient, which can be selected according to the "Specification for Floating Photovoltaic Power Generation System" (TCPIA 0017-2019) based on factors such as the arrangement of the photovoltaic array and the tilt angle of the components.

[0080] In this embodiment of the invention, the anchoring system calculation method, by selecting appropriate lengths of the first anchor rope, catenary, and second anchor rope, ensures that the overall horizontal restoring force provided by the anchoring system is greater than the environmental load on the photovoltaic array, thereby ensuring that the offset of each photovoltaic array is within a certain range and that no collision occurs.

[0081] like Figure 1 As shown, when the photovoltaic array 5 is at its highest water level, the first anchor rope 3, the chain 2, and the second anchor rope 4 are all taut, and the chain 2 is fully pulled up. At this time, the tension at the connection between the first anchor rope 3 and the photovoltaic array 5 is at its maximum, and the angle between the anchor rope and the vertical line is also at its maximum. Therefore, the self-weight of the chain 2 can be most effectively converted into a restoring force in the horizontal direction of the anchoring system. At the same time, the vertical tension of the anchoring system on the photovoltaic array 5 is also at its maximum, which can easily cause the photovoltaic array 5 to sink or be damaged. By arranging a ring of floating bodies 6 around the photovoltaic array 5, the reserve buoyancy of the entire floating body is increased.

[0082] In this embodiment, when the photovoltaic array 5 is at its lowest water level, such as Figure 2 In the first state shown, catenary 2 may be fully lifted, or as... Figure 3In the second state shown, the catenary 2 may be partially pulled up, depending on the optimization results in step S4 above. At this time, the photovoltaic array 5 is balanced under the pre-tension of the first anchor ropes 3 at both ends and is in a taut state.

[0083] like Figure 4 As shown, when the photovoltaic array 5 is at its lowest water level and shifts to the right, the suspended section of the right-side suspension chain 2 decreases, while the left-side suspension chain 2 is pulled up. This increases the tension at the top of the first anchor rope 3 on the left and decreases the tension at the top of the first anchor rope 3 on the right. Simultaneously, the angle between the anchor chain section and the vertical line changes, and the resulting restoring force returns the photovoltaic array 5 to its equilibrium position. When the photovoltaic array 5 shifts to the left, the forces acting on the system are exactly the opposite.

[0084] This invention employs a three-segment anchor chain, using the self-weight of the catenary to adjust the shape and stress of the entire anchor chain segment. At low water levels, the catenary is fully or partially raised, balancing the photovoltaic array under the pre-tension of the anchor chain segment. When the array shifts, the suspended segment of the catenary on the shifted side decreases, while the catenary on the other side is raised. Simultaneously, the angle between the anchor chain segment and the vertical direction changes, generating a restoring force that returns the array to its equilibrium position. When the water level rises, the catenary is fully raised, increasing the pre-tension of the anchoring system and providing a more effective restoring force. This system has no redundant mechanical structures, requires no human intervention, and fully utilizes the characteristics of catenary mooring, ensuring the array's positioning requirements even during shifts and significant water level changes.

[0085] The above-described invention merely illustrates implementation methods of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention patent, nor as imposing any form of limitation on the structure of the embodiments of the present invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various changes and improvements without departing from the concept of the embodiments of the present invention, and these all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A segmented photovoltaic array anchoring method, characterized in that: The anchoring method adopts an anchoring system including a plurality of groups of anchor blocks (1) sunk in the water bottom, catenaries (2), first anchor ropes (3) and photovoltaic arrays (5) floating on the water surface, one end of the first anchor rope (3) being connected with the photovoltaic array (5), the other end of the first anchor rope (3) being connected with the upper end of the catenary (2); the anchoring system further includes second anchor ropes (4), both ends of the second anchor rope (4) being connected with the lower end of the catenary (2) and the anchor block (1) respectively; the photovoltaic array (5) is arranged in a square shape, a plurality of floating bodies (6) connected end to end are arranged on each side, and a plurality of first anchor ropes (3) are sequentially and spacedly bound to the floating bodies (6); a single floating body (6) includes a floating body main body (61), a plurality of pull rings (63) and lifting lugs (62) arranged at both ends of the floating body main body (61); the pull ring (63) is used for binding the first anchor rope (3), the lifting lug (62) is used for binding two adjacent floating body main bodies (61), and a through hole (621) is formed in the lifting lug (62), and the two adjacent floating bodies (6) are connected through a bolt penetrating through the through hole (621); The anchoring method includes the following steps: S1, according to the installation site and hydrological conditions of the photovoltaic array (5), determine the highest water level H of the installation site max , the lowest water level H min , the anchoring radius R, and then determine the total number of anchor chain segments and the unit length weight of the catenary (2) according to the size of the photovoltaic array (5); according to the arrangement spacing of each photovoltaic array (5) and considering the operation and maintenance channel, determine the maximum offset of the photovoltaic array (5) at the lowest water level H min ; S2, determining the total length L of the entire anchor chain segment based on the highest water level H max and the anchoring radius R, the total length L of the entire anchor chain segment being the sum of the length LI of the first anchor rope (3), the length L2 of the catenary (2) and the length L3 of the second anchor rope (4), and assuming that the length LI of the first anchor rope (3) and the length L3 of the second anchor rope (4) are identical; S3, when the photovoltaic array (5) is at the highest water level H, determine the length L2 of the catenary (2) according to the reserve buoyancy of the floating body (6) and the connection strength between the first anchor rope (3) and the photovoltaic array (5); max S3, when the photovoltaic array (5) is at the highest water level H, determine the length L2 of the catenary (2) according to the reserve buoyancy of the floating body (6) and the connection strength between the first anchor rope (3) and the photovoltaic array (5); S4, when the photovoltaic array (5) is at the lowest water level H, calculate the horizontal restoring force Q of the photovoltaic array (5) at the maximum offset amount under different lengths of the first anchor rope (3) respectively, and determine the length L1 of the first anchor rope (3) and the length L3 of the second anchor rope (4) corresponding to the maximum horizontal restoring force Q. min S4, when the photovoltaic array (5) is at the lowest water level H, calculate the horizontal restoring force Q of the photovoltaic array (5) at the maximum offset amount under different lengths of the first anchor rope (3) respectively, and determine the length L1 of the first anchor rope (3) and the length L3 of the second anchor rope (4) corresponding to the maximum horizontal restoring force Q. S5, the environmental load acting on the photovoltaic array (5) is calculated, and it is judged whether the anchoring system can provide sufficient restoring force against the environmental load at the specified offset, if the horizontal restoring force Q of the anchoring system is greater than the environmental load borne by the photovoltaic array (5), the anchoring system can meet the positioning requirements of the photovoltaic array (5) under large water level amplitude; if the horizontal restoring force Q of the anchoring system is less than the environmental load borne by the photovoltaic array (5), the unit length weight or length L2 of the catenary (2) can be increased, and the steps S3-S4 are returned to be recalculated until the horizontal restoring force Q of the final anchoring system is greater than the environmental load borne by the photovoltaic array (5), and the length L1 of the first anchor rope (3), the length L2 and the unit length weight of the catenary (2) and the length L3 of the second anchor rope (4) are obtained.

2. A segmented photovoltaic array anchoring method as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The material of the first anchor rope (3) is corrosion-resistant galvanized steel cable, stainless steel or high molecular fiber.

3. The segmented photovoltaic array anchoring method of claim 1, wherein: The material of the second anchor rope (4) is galvanized steel cable with wear resistance and corrosion resistance.

4. The segmented photovoltaic array anchoring method of claim 1, wherein: The catenary (2) is a galvanized blocked anchor chain, and the diameter of the blocked anchor chain is not less than 20 mm.

5. The segmented photovoltaic array anchoring method of claim 1, wherein, The expression of the total length L of the entire anchor chain section is: where H max is the highest water level at the photovoltaic array installation site, R is the anchoring radius of the photovoltaic array, and K is a margin factor for the length of the anchor chain segment.

6. The segmented photovoltaic array anchoring method of claim 1, wherein, The calculation of the horizontal restoring force Q of the photovoltaic array (5) at the maximum offset when the first anchor rope (3) is at different lengths includes the following calculation steps: where n is the number of segments of the entire chain section, and n = 3, L k , k , k Lk, Sk, Hk are the total length, horizontal length and vertical length of the kth segment of the anchor chain respectively, and L, S and H are the total length, horizontal length and vertical length of the entire anchor chain section; Q is the horizontal restoring force provided by the entire anchor chain section, T is the top tension of the entire anchor chain section, θ k is the horizontal inclination angle of the kth segment of the anchor chain, and W k is the unit length weight of the kth segment of the anchor chain, and k = 1, 2 or 3.

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