Excavation structure with built-in breaker hammer

Abstract

An excavation structure with a built-in breaker hammer, used for excavation and crushing. One end of the boom is hinged to the slag scraper's rotary body via pin 1, and the breaker hammer assembly is hinged to the other end of the boom via pin 2. The bucket is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly via pin 3 through one end of a connecting plate, and hinged to one end of a connecting rod assembly via pin 4. One end of the left and right connecting rods is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly via pin 5 through the other end of the connecting plate, and the other end of the left and right connecting rods is hinged to the bucket cylinder piston rod via pin 6 through the other end of the connecting rod assembly. The boom cylinder body is hinged to the rotary body via pin 7, and the piston rod end is hinged to the boom via pin 8. The arm cylinder body is hinged to the boom via pin 9, and the piston rod end is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly via pin 10. The bucket cylinder body is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly via pin 11. The present invention integrates the forearm and the breaker hammer assembly into one, and only one person is needed to operate the scraper to complete the excavation and crushing operations. It is more suitable for construction working environments in narrow spaces underground.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of engineering machinery, in particular to an excavating structure with a built-in breaker hammer used when a slag scraper is working. Background Art

[0002] Due to the cramped underground space, uneven terrain, and significantly poorer lighting conditions than in the open air, the design of the scraper requires the smallest possible dimensions for easier disassembly and maintenance. Conventional scraper breaker structures, however, are complex, with numerous parts and components, making replacement time-consuming and labor-intensive. Existing scrapers must meet both excavation and crushing requirements during operation. One design utilizes a quick-change mechanism. When excavation is required, the bucket is used. When breaking larger pieces of material or clearing obstacles, the bucket is removed and replaced with a breaker. During this quick-change process, one person operates the scraper while another works near the quick-change mechanism, constantly adjusting the position and angle of the bucket or breaker for proper assembly. This design is time-consuming and labor-intensive, increasing labor costs and significantly reducing operational efficiency. Another design utilizes a connecting rod to secure the breaker above the boom, eliminating the need for frequent disassembly of the bucket or breaker. However, this design disadvantageously requires the breaker to occupy space above the boom, reducing the digging height by at least 300 mm. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide an excavation structure with a built-in breaker hammer, so as to achieve the purpose of saving time, materials and labor.

[0004] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose of the invention, the rotating body of the present invention is fixed on the bracket of the scraper, one end of the boom is hinged to the rotating body by pin 1, and the breaker hammer assembly is hinged to the other end of the boom by pin 2; the bucket is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly by pin 3 through one end of the connecting plate, and the bucket is hinged to one end of the left rod and the right rod of the connecting rod assembly by pin 4; one end of the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are hinged to the breaker hammer assembly by pin 5 through the other end of the connecting plate, and the other end of the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are hinged to the piston rod end of the bucket cylinder by pin 6 through the cross bar at the other end of the connecting rod assembly; the cylinder body of the boom cylinder is hinged to the rotating body by pin 7, and the piston rod end is hinged to the boom by pin 8; the cylinder body of the arm cylinder is hinged to the boom by pin 9, and the piston rod end is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly by pin 10; the cylinder body of the bucket cylinder is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly by pin 11.

[0005] The left connecting rod and the right connecting rod are L-shaped structures and are located outside the breaker hammer assembly; the connecting rod assembly is a U-shaped structure and consists of a left rod, a right rod and a cross bar.

[0006] The breaker hammer drill rod and the breaker hammer body of the breaker hammer assembly are assembled and then assembled with the breaker hammer left plate and the breaker hammer right plate by bolts, spring washers, flat washers and nuts to form a breaker hammer assembly.

[0007] The diameter specifications of the bolts, spring washers, flat washers and nuts are Φ18-24mm; the diameter specifications of pin four, pin three, pin five and pin six are Φ30-70mm, and the length is 150-500mm. The steel plate thickness of the left connecting rod and the right connecting rod 6 is 16-40mm.

[0008] Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts a brand-new structural design, integrating the forearm and the breaker hammer assembly into one. The structure is compact, reasonable, simple, lightweight, and economical, and requires less space. Only one person is needed to operate the scraper to complete the excavation and crushing operations, which can effectively reduce labor and material costs, eliminate safety hazards, and is more suitable for construction working environments in narrow spaces underground, making disassembly and maintenance more convenient, and excavation and crushing more efficient and stable. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0009] Figure 1 It is a simplified structural diagram of the present invention when the working state is excavation.

[0010] Figure 2 It is a simplified structural diagram of the present invention when the working state is crushing.

[0011] Figure 3 yes Figure 2 A simplified diagram of the structure of the breaker hammer assembly after it is retracted and broken.

[0012] Figure 4 yes Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the structure of the breaker hammer assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0013] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, the present invention mainly consists of a bucket 1, a left connecting rod 5, a right connecting rod 6, a connecting rod assembly 8, a breaker hammer assembly 12, a boom 10, a rotary body 11 and other structures and a boom cylinder 21, an arm cylinder 20, a bucket cylinder 14 and several pins.

[0014] The rotary body 11 is fixed on the bracket of the scraper, one end of the arm 10 is hinged to the rotary body 11 with a pin 19, and the breaker hammer assembly 12 is hinged to the other end of the arm 10 with a pin 2 13; the bucket 1 is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly 12 with a pin 3 2 through one end of the connecting plate 30, and the bucket 1 is hinged to one end of the left rod 31 and the right rod 32 of the U-shaped connecting rod assembly 8 with a pin 4 4; one end of the L-shaped left connecting rod 5 and the right connecting rod 6 is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly 12 with a pin 5 3 through the other end of the connecting plate 30, and the other end of the left connecting rod 5 and the right connecting rod 6 is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly 12. One end is hinged to the piston rod end of the bucket cylinder 14 with a pin six 7 through the cross bar 33 at the other end of the connecting rod assembly 8; the cylinder body of the boom cylinder 21 is hinged to the rotating body 11 with a pin seven 18, and the piston rod end is hinged to the boom 10 with a pin eight 17; the cylinder body of the arm cylinder 20 is hinged to the boom 10 with a pin nine 16, and the piston rod end is hinged to the breaker assembly 12 with a pin ten 15; the cylinder body of the bucket cylinder 14 is hinged to the breaker assembly 12 with a pin eleven 9, and the piston rod end is hinged to the left connecting rod 5 and the right connecting rod 6 with a pin six 7 through the connecting rod assembly 8.

[0015] The breaker hammer rod 22 and the breaker hammer body 23 of the breaker hammer assembly 12 are assembled and then assembled with the breaker hammer left plate 24 and the breaker hammer right plate 25 using bolts 26, spring washers 27, flat washers 28 and nuts 29 to form a breaker hammer assembly 12.

[0016] The diameters of bolts 26, spring washers 27, flat washers 28, and nuts 29 range from Φ18-24mm; the diameters of pins 4, 3, 5, and 6 range from Φ30-70mm, and their lengths range from 150-500mm. The steel plates of the left and right connecting rods 5 and 6 are 16-40mm thick. These standard components and parts with these specifications and dimensions enable the scraper to withstand extremely high lateral and longitudinal loads during excavation and crushing operations, achieving excellent fatigue resistance, bending and torsional resistance, and rigidity, resulting in a high safety factor.

[0017] like Figure 1 As shown, when the scraper is in the excavation state, the piston rod of the arm cylinder 20 is retracted until the cylinder stroke is zero, so that the bucket tooth tip of the bucket 1 is longer than the breaker hammer rod 22, which facilitates excavation without damaging the breaker hammer rod 22. By controlling the piston rods of the boom cylinder 21 and the arm cylinder 20 to extend or retract, the direction of the bucket 1 can be controlled to move and dig materials to the designated location; by controlling the piston rod of the boom cylinder 21 to extend a certain distance and the piston rod of the arm cylinder 20 to fully extend, the excavated materials in the bucket 1 can be completely dropped into the designated conveying mechanism.

[0018] like Figure 2 、 Figure 3As shown, when the scraper is in the working state of crushing, the piston rod of the bucket cylinder 14 is extended to the maximum stroke of the cylinder. At this time, the bucket 1 is close to the lower abdomen of the breaker hammer assembly 12. By controlling the extension or retraction of the piston rods of the arm cylinder 21 and the arm cylinder 20, the direction of the breaker hammer rod 22 on the breaker hammer assembly 12 can be controlled to move and touch the material to be crushed, thereby completing the crushing of the specified material.

Claims

1. An excavation structure with a built-in breaker hammer, characterized by: The rotary body (11) is fixed on the bracket of the scraper. One end of the arm (10) is hinged to the rotary body (11) by a pin shaft 1 (19). The breaker hammer assembly (12) is hinged to the other end of the arm (10) by a pin shaft 2 (13). The bucket (1) is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly (12) by a pin shaft 3 (2) through one end of the connecting plate (30). The bucket (1) is hinged to one end of the left rod (31) and the right rod (32) of the connecting rod assembly (8) by a pin shaft 4 (4). One end of the left connecting rod (5) and the right connecting rod (6) is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly (12) by a pin shaft 5 (3) through the other end of the connecting plate (30). ) are hinged, the other ends of the left connecting rod (5) and the right connecting rod (6) are hinged to the piston rod end of the bucket cylinder (14) through the cross bar (33) at the other end of the connecting rod assembly (8) by means of a pin shaft six (7); the cylinder body of the arm cylinder (21) is hinged to the rotating body (11) by means of a pin shaft seven (18), and the piston rod end is hinged to the arm (10) by means of a pin shaft eight (17); the cylinder body of the arm cylinder (20) is hinged to the arm (10) by means of a pin shaft nine (16), and the piston rod end is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly (12) by means of a pin shaft ten (15); the cylinder body of the bucket cylinder (14) is hinged to the breaker hammer assembly (12) by means of a pin shaft eleven (9); The left connecting rod (5) and the right connecting rod (6) are L-shaped structures and are located outside the breaker hammer assembly (12); the connecting rod assembly (8) is a U-shaped structure, consisting of a left rod (31), a right rod (32) and a cross rod (33); The breaker hammer rod (22) and the breaker hammer body (23) of the breaker hammer assembly (12) are assembled and then assembled with the breaker hammer left plate (24) and the breaker hammer right plate (25) using bolts (26), spring washers (27), flat washers (28) and nuts (29) to form a breaker hammer assembly (12); The diameter specifications of the bolt (26), spring washer (27), flat washer (28) and nut (29) are Φ18-24mm; the diameter specifications of pin shaft four (4), pin shaft three (2), pin shaft five (3) and pin shaft six (7) are Φ30-70mm and the length is 150-500mm; the steel plate thickness of the left connecting rod (5) and the right connecting rod (6) is 16-40mm; When the scraper is in the working state of excavation, the piston rod of the arm oil cylinder (20) is retracted until the oil cylinder stroke is 0, so that the length of the bucket tooth tip of the bucket (1) exceeds the breaker hammer drill rod (22), so that the breaker hammer drill rod (22) is not damaged during excavation; by controlling the piston rods of the arm oil cylinder (21) and the arm oil cylinder (20) to extend or retract, the direction of the bucket (1) can be controlled to move and dig materials to a designated position; and then the piston rod of the arm oil cylinder (21) is controlled to extend a certain distance and the piston rod of the arm oil cylinder (20) is fully extended, so that the excavated materials in the bucket (1) can be completely dropped into the designated conveying mechanism; When the scraper is in the crushing state, the piston rod of the bucket cylinder (14) is extended to the maximum stroke of the cylinder. At this time, the bucket (1) is closely attached to the lower abdomen of the breaker hammer assembly (12). By controlling the extension or retraction of the piston rods of the arm cylinder (21) and the arm cylinder (20), the direction of the breaker hammer rod (22) on the breaker hammer assembly (12) can be controlled so that it moves and touches the material to be crushed, thereby completing the crushing of the designated material.

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