A cluster type hydrogen storage shaft for abandoned mine shaft and construction method thereof

Abstract

This invention provides a clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft and its construction method. The clustered hydrogen storage well consists of a stabilizing structure and a hydrogen storage well structure. The hydrogen storage well structure is installed inside the abandoned mine shaft and includes, from the outside in, a cement protective layer, an asphalt mortar buffer layer, a steel lining, and the hydrogen storage well. The stabilizing structure consists of a stabilizing plate and enlarged-head anchor bolts. The stabilizing plate is located at the top of the hydrogen storage well, and the structure is reinforced and stabilized by the enlarged-head anchor bolts. A venting channel is also provided to promptly remove leaked hydrogen. This invention utilizes a double-layer composite structure composed of a lining layer and a hydrogen storage well. The hydrogen storage well ensures good airtightness, while the lining layer ensures the stability and safety of the structure. This solves the problem of idle resources in abandoned mines and enables large-scale, safe hydrogen storage, providing possibilities for the large-scale promotion and application of the hydrogen energy industry.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy technology, and more specifically to a clustered hydrogen storage well utilizing abandoned mine shafts and its construction method. Background Technology

[0002] Abandoned open-pit mine shafts lead to the accumulation of large amounts of groundwater. Residual materials from the mine pollute the water, and this contaminated water seeps to the surface and circulates, disrupting the surrounding water system. Simultaneously, the large amounts of gravel and loose slag exposed in abandoned mine shafts cause severe dust pollution, adversely affecting the surrounding ecosystem and biodiversity. Therefore, exploring the use of abandoned mine shafts for underground hydrogen storage not only improves the effective utilization of abandoned mine land resources but also leverages the stable underground temperature and humidity conditions, unaffected by weather or human factors, to address safety and fire prevention issues associated with surface hydrogen storage. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To improve the utilization rate of abandoned mine resources and solve the safety and fire protection problems of ground hydrogen storage, this invention proposes a clustered hydrogen storage well utilizing the vertical shaft of an abandoned mine and its construction method. This method can not only solve the problem of effective utilization of abandoned mine land resources, but also build a high-density, large-scale, and low-cost hydrogen energy storage and transportation system.

[0004] To address the aforementioned technical objectives, this invention provides a clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft. The clustered hydrogen storage well comprises a stable structure and an underground hydrogen storage well structure placed within the abandoned mine shaft. The underground hydrogen storage well structure, from the outside in, includes a cement protective layer, an asphalt mortar buffer layer, a steel lining layer, and multiple hydrogen storage wells. Both the cement protective layer and the steel lining layer are circular, with the cement protective layer tightly adhering to the inner wall of the mine shaft. The asphalt mortar buffer layer is positioned between the cement protective layer and the steel lining layer, and its inner wall is bonded to the outer surface of the steel lining layer using an epoxy resin adhesive layer. The steel lining layer is composed of multiple inner steel plates, with adjacent inner steel plates welded and fixed together. The steel liner is equipped with a hydrogen concentration detector. Multiple hydrogen storage wells are clustered around the axis of the steel liner and fixed inside the steel liner by partitions, with each hydrogen storage well placed vertically inside the mine shaft. The above-ground stabilization structure includes a stabilizing plate and enlarged head anchor bolts. The stabilizing plate is a reinforced concrete structure and is set at the wellhead of the abandoned mine shaft. Its area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the abandoned mine shaft. The stabilizing plate is equipped with a venting pipe and a hydrogen transmission pipe. The venting pipe communicates with the cavity between the hydrogen storage well and the steel liner. The hydrogen transmission pipe is connected to each hydrogen storage well through multiple branch hydrogen transmission pipes. Multiple enlarged head anchor bolts are provided and distributed in the area where the stabilizing plate extends beyond the wellhead of the abandoned mine shaft.

[0005] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the inner lining steel plate is made of high alloy stainless steel with a thickness of 20-60mm; a bevel is provided at the weld joint of adjacent inner lining steel plates so that the bevels of the two steel plates fit together to form an approximate "X" shape, with the bevel angle on the side closer to the cement protective layer structure being 40-50° and the bevel angle on the opposite side closer to the hydrogen storage well structure being 20-30°.

[0006] A preferred technical solution of the present invention: Multiple enlarged-head anchor rods are arranged in a circular array around the axis of the stabilizing plate and anchored to the surface of the stabilizing plate by anchors; each enlarged-head anchor rod consists of an anchor rod body and an enlarged-head anchoring section. The anchor rod body is vertically arranged, and the enlarged-head anchoring section is located at the lower part of the anchor rod body. The enlarged-head anchoring section consists of a support rod, a spring, a sliding block, an ear plate, and a fixing block. The sliding block is hollow and tubular, with a diameter larger than the diameter of the anchor rod body. A sliding gap is left between the sliding block and the anchor rod body, allowing the sliding rod to slide freely on the anchor rod. Several support rods are arranged circumferentially around the anchor rod body. Each support rod consists of a first support rod and a second support rod. The upper end of the first support rod is hinged to the ear plate of the sliding block, and the lower end of the second support rod is hinged to the ear plate of the anchor rod. The first and second support rods are hinged together. Multiple springs are evenly arranged around the anchor rod body, with one end fixed to the sliding block and the other end fixed to the anchor rod fixing block.

[0007] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the partition is provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of partitions are welded to different heights of the steel lining.

[0008] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the epoxy resin adhesive layer is made of bisphenol A epoxy resin matrix and doped with 5% nano-alumina and 10% boron nitride, and the thickness of the epoxy resin adhesive layer is 1-10 mm.

[0009] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is that the gas inlet end of the hydrogen storage well is flush with the wellhead of the mine shaft, or placed inside a stabilizing plate, and the stabilizing plate is fixed to the gas inlet end of multiple hydrogen storage wells.

[0010] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the thickness of the asphalt mortar buffer layer is 10-50 mm; and the material of the asphalt mortar buffer layer is a mixture of the following substances in weight percentage: 50%-65% asphalt, 30%-40% mineral powder, 1%-2% water-reducing agent, and 2%-3% reinforcing agent.

[0011] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: the hydrogen storage well is made of 30CrMo alloy steel, with an outer diameter of 200-700 mm, a depth of 10-80 m, and a working pressure of 35-70 MPa.

[0012] This invention provides a construction method for the aforementioned abandoned mine vertical shaft clustered hydrogen storage well, characterized by the following specific construction steps:

[0013] S1. Repair of abandoned mine shafts: First, the walls of abandoned mine shafts are measured and inspected to identify unstable areas such as collapse, damage, loose faults, etc. Then, the collapsed and loose abandoned mine shafts are repaired and reinforced by grouting to achieve a smooth transition of the shaft walls.

[0014] S2. Steel lining welding and forming: An "X" shaped bevel is set at the welding joint of two adjacent inner lining steel plates. The bevel and the surrounding area are cleaned to ensure that there is no oil or oxide layer. The steel plates are preheated to the specified temperature before welding. The inner lining steel plates and partitions are assembled and welded in sequence. An epoxy resin compound is prepared using bisphenol A epoxy resin matrix, with 5% nano alumina and 10% boron nitride added. The asphalt sand buffer layer is then bonded to the surface of the steel lining layer using the prepared epoxy resin compound. The epoxy resin coating thickness is 1-10 mm. The asphalt sand buffer layer is composed of the following substances in weight percentage: 50%-65% asphalt, 30%-40% mineral powder, 1%-2% water-reducing agent, and 2%-3% reinforcing agent.

[0015] S3. Construction of cement protective layer; The steel lining assembled in step S2 is placed into the abandoned mine shaft, and cement mortar is filled into the annular cavity between the inner wall of the abandoned mine shaft and the asphalt mortar buffer layer.

[0016] S4. Lowering the hydrogen storage wells: The hydrogen storage wells are lowered into the steel lining in sequence, and the hydrogen storage wells are fixed by partitions. The stabilizing plates are made in the prefabrication plant, the steel bars of the stabilizing plates are tied, and PVC pipes are used to reserve hydrogen storage well channels, venting channels and anchor bolt channels. Finally, the stabilizing plate concrete is poured and cured.

[0017] S5. Construction of enlarged head anchor bolts: Level the site, lay out the construction lines, locate the position of the enlarged head anchor bolt duct, use a drilling machine to drill the enlarged head anchor bolt duct, then lower the enlarged head anchor bolt to the design elevation, fill the entire duct with cement grout, and finally install the stabilizing plate and use anchors to anchor the anchor bolt to the stabilizing plate.

[0018] S6. Install the venting channel; install the venting channel and hydrogen storage pipeline in the reserved hole in the stabilizing plate, thus completing the construction of the abandoned mine shaft cluster hydrogen storage well.

[0019] The preferred technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In step S3, the cement mortar injection process is carried out by using a polyethylene plastic hose to send the cement mortar into the bottom of the shaft along the annular space between the abandoned mine shaft and the assembled steel lining. Finally, the prepared cement mortar is sent into the bottom of the shaft along the polyethylene plastic hose using a mud pump. The polyethylene plastic hose is lifted while the cement mortar is being injected until the entire annular space is filled with cement mortar.

[0020] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0021] (1) In this invention, the clustered hydrogen storage well is located underground, and the surrounding soil forms a natural enclosure effect. When an explosion occurs, it can not only control the direction of the explosion to be vertical, but also greatly reduce the scope of the explosion's impact, effectively reducing the harm caused by the explosion. Furthermore, the underground hydrogen storage well can effectively avoid the generation of static electricity, thus preventing accidents from the source.

[0022] (2) In this invention, the hydrogen storage well structure is reinforced by stabilizing the structure, and the contact area between the anchor rod and the surrounding cement slurry is increased by expanding the anchor section of the head anchor rod, thereby increasing the bonding friction of the anchor rod, improving the anchoring force of the stabilizing structure, and preventing the hydrogen storage well from rushing upwards and causing safety accidents.

[0023] (3) In this invention, the cavity between the steel lining and the cement protective layer is used to store hydrogen that may leak from the hydrogen well due to unpredictable circumstances such as damage or corrosion. A hydrogen concentration detector is installed in the cavity. Once the leaked hydrogen reaches the warning value, the venting channel can be opened to release the hydrogen, thus avoiding a major safety accident caused by a large-scale hydrogen leak.

[0024] (4) In this invention, by adding 5% nano-alumina to the epoxy resin matrix, a thermal conductivity pathway can be effectively formed in the epoxy resin matrix to conduct the heat generated during hydrogen injection to the outside, thus avoiding the impact of continuous high temperature on structural safety; 10% boron nitride is randomly distributed in the epoxy resin matrix, which can effectively cut off the tiny pore pathways, improve the structural sealing ability, and reduce hydrogen permeability.

[0025] (5) In this invention, the asphalt mortar buffer layer between the steel lining and the cement protective layer is used to coordinate structural deformation, prevent external environmental disturbances from affecting the stability of the hydrogen storage structure, and at the same time play a role in isolation and waterproofing, preventing external environmental corrosion of the hydrogen storage well and affecting the airtightness of the hydrogen storage well.

[0026] (6) In this invention, a double-layer composite structure is formed by the lining layer and the hydrogen storage well. The hydrogen storage well ensures good airtightness, while the lining layer ensures the stability and safety of the structure. This structural form not only ensures the overall stability and operational safety of the mine shaft, but also greatly reduces the engineering cost and construction difficulty, and provides the possibility for the widespread application of hydrogen energy.

[0027] In this invention, the hydrogen storage site is an abandoned mine shaft. After mining operations are abandoned, not only are large amounts of land resources left idle, but ecological problems such as water pollution, air pollution, and solid waste also arise, directly impacting the local economic development and people's living standards. This invention utilizes abandoned mine shafts for underground hydrogen storage, offering advantages such as low geological requirements, reliable airtightness, large hydrogen storage capacity, low construction costs, environmental safety, fast injection and extraction speed, and high recycling capacity. Furthermore, it combines deep-ground energy storage with mine remediation, solving the problem of effective utilization of abandoned land resources while achieving safe and large-scale hydrogen storage. This is conducive to building, extending, and strengthening the hydrogen energy industry chain, forming an industrial advantage. Attached Figure Description

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the abandoned mine vertical shaft clustered hydrogen storage well structure in this invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the AA cross-section in this invention;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a top view of the clustered hydrogen storage well in this invention;

[0031] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the bevel form of the inner lining steel plate in this invention;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the enlarged head anchorage section of the enlarged head anchor rod in this invention.

[0033] In the diagram: 1—Abandoned mine shaft, 2—Cement protective layer, 3—Asphalt mortar buffer layer, 4—Epoxy resin adhesive layer, 5—Steel lining layer, 501—Inner steel plate lining, 502—Welding bevel, 6—Hydrogen storage well, 7—Enlarged head anchor bolt, 8—Anchor, 9—Hydrogen pipeline, 10—Ventilation channel, 11—Stabilizing plate, 12—Partition plate, 13—Hydrogen concentration detector, 14—Safety valve, 15—Anti-static device, 701—Enlarged head anchoring section, 702—First support rod, 703—Second support rod, 704—Anchor bolt body, 705—Sliding block, 706—Spring, 707—Fixing block, 708—Ear plate. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. Figures 1 to 5 All accompanying drawings are simplified versions of embodiments and are intended only to clearly and concisely illustrate the embodiments of the present invention. The technical solutions shown in the drawings below are specific solutions of embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "inner," "outer," "left," "right," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly understood by those skilled in the art. They are only used to facilitate the description of this invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0036] Example 1 provides a clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft, such as... Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the clustered underground hydrogen storage well consists of a stable structure and a hydrogen storage well structure. The hydrogen storage well structure is located inside an abandoned mine shaft 1 and includes, from the outside to the inside, a cement protective layer 2, an asphalt mortar buffer layer 3, a steel lining layer 5, and a hydrogen storage well 6. The cement protective layer 2 and the steel lining layer 5 are both circular. The asphalt mortar buffer layer 3 is located between the cement protective layer 2 and the steel lining layer 5 and is bonded to the surface of the steel lining layer 5 by an epoxy resin adhesive layer 4. The steel lining layer 5 is composed of several inner steel plates 501, and adjacent inner steel plates 501 are welded and fixed together. The steel lining layer 5 is equipped with hydrogen concentration detectors 13 at certain intervals, and each hydrogen concentration detector 13 is connected to an external control system. The hydrogen storage well 6 is provided in multiple ways. It is bundled around the axis of the steel liner 5 and fixed inside the steel liner 5 by partitions 12. The partitions 12 are provided in multiple sets. The multiple sets of partitions are equidistantly arranged at different heights of the hydrogen storage well 6. Each set of partitions is a grid structure composed of multiple horizontally and vertically intersecting plates, which fix the hydrogen storage well 6 between the grids.

[0037] Example 1 provides a clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft, such as... Figure 1 and Figure 4 As shown, the inner lining steel plate 501 is made of high-alloy stainless steel with a thickness of 20-60mm. A bevel 502 is provided at the weld joint of adjacent inner lining steel plates, so that the bevels 502 of the two steel plates fit together to form an approximately "X" shape. The bevel angle on the side closer to the cement protective layer 2 structure is 40-50°, and the bevel angle on the opposite side closer to the hydrogen storage well 6 structure is 20-30°.

[0038] Example 1 provides a clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft, such as... Figure 1As shown, the asphalt mortar buffer layer 3 is made by mixing asphalt and mineral powder in a certain proportion, and its thickness is 10-50mm. The epoxy resin adhesive layer 4 uses bisphenol A epoxy resin matrix and is doped with 5% nano-alumina and 10% boron nitride, and the thickness of the epoxy resin adhesive layer 4 is 1-10mm; the hydrogen storage well 6 is made of 30CrMo alloy steel, with an outer diameter of 200-700mm, a depth of 10-80m, and a working pressure of 35-70MPa.

[0039] Example 1 provides a clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft, such as... Figures 1 to 5 As shown, the stabilizing structure consists of a stabilizing plate 11 and enlarged head anchor rods 7. The stabilizing plate 11 is a reinforced concrete structure, set at the opening of the abandoned mine shaft 1, and its area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the abandoned mine shaft 1. The stabilizing plate 11 is set at the top of the hydrogen storage well 6 structure. The stabilizing plate 11 is provided with a venting pipe 10 and a hydrogen conveying pipe 9. The venting pipe 10 communicates with the cavity between the hydrogen storage well 6 and the steel lining 5. The hydrogen conveying pipe 9 is connected to each hydrogen storage well 6 through multiple branch hydrogen conveying pipes. The enlarged head anchor rods 7 are arranged in a circular array with the axis of the stabilizing plate 11 as the center and are anchored to the surface of the stabilizing plate 11 by anchors 8. Multiple enlarged head anchor rods 7 are distributed in the area of ​​the stabilizing plate 11 that extends beyond the opening of the abandoned mine shaft 1. The enlarged-head anchor rod 7 consists of an anchor rod body 704 and an enlarged-head anchoring section 701. The anchor rod body 704 is vertically arranged, and the enlarged-head anchoring section 701 is located at the lower part of the anchor rod body 704. The enlarged-head anchoring section 701 is composed of a support rod, a spring, a sliding block, an ear plate, and a fixing block. The sliding block 705 has a hollow tubular shape, and its diameter is larger than that of the anchor rod. A sliding gap is left between the sliding block 705 and the anchor rod body 704, allowing the sliding block 705 to slide freely on the anchor rod 704. The support rods are arranged in a plurality of circumferential directions along the anchor rod body 704. Each support rod consists of a first support rod 702 and a second support rod 703. The upper end of the first support rod 702 is hinged to the ear plate of the sliding block 705, and the lower end of the second support rod 703 is hinged to the ear plate of the anchor rod 704. The first support rod 702 and the second support rod 703 are hinged together. A plurality of springs 706 are evenly arranged around the anchor rod body 704. One end of the spring is fixed to the sliding block 705, and the other end is fixed to the anchor rod fixing block 707.

[0040] An example provides a clustered underground hydrogen storage well, such as Figure 5 As shown, during the lowering process of the enlarged head anchor rod, under the obstruction of the borehole wall, the support rod retracts towards the anchor rod axis, driving the sliding block to move upward, thereby realizing the contraction of the enlarged head anchoring section for lowering. Once the enlarged head anchor rod is lowered to the design elevation, the sliding block slides downward under the action of the spring elastic restoring force, driving the support rod to expand in the direction away from the anchor rod axis, thus realizing the expansion of the enlarged head anchor rod.

[0041] Example 2 provides a construction method for a cluster-type gas storage well. The specific construction steps are as follows:

[0042] S1. Repair of abandoned mine shafts: First, the shaft walls of abandoned mines are measured and inspected to identify unstable areas such as collapse, damage, loose faults, etc. Then, grouting and other repair and treatment plans are implemented to address the collapse and looseness of the abandoned mine shafts, so as to achieve a smooth transition of the shaft walls.

[0043] S2. Steel lining welding and forming: An "X" shaped bevel is set at the welding joint of two adjacent inner lining steel plates. The bevel and the surrounding area are cleaned to ensure that there is no oil or oxide layer. The steel plates are preheated to the specified temperature before welding. The inner lining steel plates and partitions are assembled and welded in sequence. An epoxy resin compound is prepared using bisphenol A epoxy resin matrix, with 5% nano alumina and 10% boron nitride added. The asphalt sand buffer layer is then bonded to the surface of the steel lining layer using the prepared epoxy resin compound. The epoxy resin coating thickness is 1-10 mm. The asphalt sand buffer layer is composed of the following substances in weight percentage: 50%-65% asphalt, 30%-40% mineral powder, 1%-2% water-reducing agent, and 2%-3% reinforcing agent.

[0044] S3. Cement protective layer construction: The steel lining assembled in step S2 is lowered into the abandoned mine shaft. A cementing belt (polyethylene plastic hose) is sent to the bottom of the shaft along the annular space between the casing and the steel lining. Finally, the prepared cement mortar is sent to the bottom of the shaft along the cementing belt using a mud pump. The cementing belt is lifted while being poured until the cement mortar fills the entire annular space.

[0045] S4. Lowering the hydrogen storage wells: The hydrogen storage wells are lowered into the steel lining in sequence, and the hydrogen storage wells are fixed by partitions. The stabilizing plates are made in the prefabrication plant, the steel bars of the stabilizing plates are tied, and PVC pipes are used to reserve hydrogen storage well channels, venting channels and anchor bolt channels. Finally, the stabilizing plate concrete is poured and cured.

[0046] S5. Construction of enlarged head anchor bolts: Level the site, lay out the construction lines, locate the position of the enlarged head anchor bolt duct, use a drilling machine to drill the enlarged head anchor bolt duct, then lower the enlarged head anchor bolt to the design elevation, fill the entire duct with cement grout, and finally install the stabilizing plate and use anchors to anchor the anchor bolt to the stabilizing plate.

[0047] S6. Install the venting channel; install the venting channel and hydrogen storage pipeline in the reserved hole in the stabilizing plate, thus completing the construction of the abandoned mine shaft cluster hydrogen storage well.

[0048] The embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above. The specific embodiments described above are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Those skilled in the art can make many other forms under the guidance of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the claims. All of these forms are within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft, characterized in that: The abandoned mine shaft clustered hydrogen storage well includes a stable structure and an underground hydrogen storage well structure placed inside the abandoned mine shaft (1). The underground hydrogen storage well structure includes, from the outside to the inside, a cement protective layer (2), an asphalt mortar buffer layer (3), a steel lining layer (5), and multiple hydrogen storage wells (6). The cement protective layer (2) and the steel lining layer (5) are both circular. The cement protective layer (2) is tightly attached to the inner wall of the mine shaft (1). The asphalt mortar buffer layer (3) is set between the cement protective layer (2) and the steel lining layer (5). The inner wall of the asphalt mortar buffer layer (3) is bonded to the outer surface of the steel lining layer (5) through an epoxy resin adhesive layer (4). The steel lining layer (5) is composed of multiple inner steel plates (501). The two adjacent inner steel plates (501) are welded and fixed together. A hydrogen concentration detector (13) is provided inside the steel lining layer (5). Multiple hydrogen storage wells (6) are connected by the steel lining layer (13). 5) The axis is a clustered structure fixed inside the steel lining (5) by a partition (12) and each hydrogen storage well (6) is vertically placed inside the mine shaft (1); the stabilizing structure includes a stabilizing plate (11) and an enlarged head anchor (7). The stabilizing plate (11) is a reinforced concrete structure and is set at the wellhead of the abandoned mine shaft (1). Its area is larger than the cross-sectional area of ​​the abandoned mine shaft (1). The stabilizing plate (11) is provided with a venting pipe (10) and a hydrogen conveying pipe (9). The venting pipe (10) is connected to the cavity between the hydrogen storage well (6) and the steel lining (5). The hydrogen concentration detector (13) is set in the cavity. The hydrogen conveying pipe (9) is connected to each hydrogen storage well (6) through multiple branch hydrogen conveying pipes. There are multiple enlarged head anchors (7), which are dispersed in the area of ​​the stabilizing plate (11) beyond the wellhead of the abandoned mine shaft (1). The epoxy resin adhesive layer (4) is made of bisphenol A epoxy resin matrix and is doped with 5% nano alumina and 10% boron nitride. The thickness of the epoxy resin adhesive layer (4) is 1-10 mm. The thickness of the asphalt sand buffer layer (3) is 10-50 mm. The material of the asphalt sand buffer layer (3) is mixed and configured from the following weight percentages: 50%-65% asphalt, 30%-40% mineral powder, 1%-2% water reducing agent, and 2%-3% reinforcing agent.

2. The abandoned mine shaft clustered hydrogen storage well according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner lining steel plate (501) is made of high alloy stainless steel and has a thickness of 20-60mm. A bevel (502) is provided at the weld joint of adjacent inner lining steel plates (501) so that the bevels (502) of the two steel plates fit together to form an approximate "X" shape. The bevel angle on the side near the cement protective layer (2) structure is 40-50°, and the bevel angle on the opposite side near the hydrogen storage well (6) structure is 20-30°.

3. A clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: Multiple enlarged-head anchor rods (7) are arranged in a circular array around the axis of the stabilizing plate (11) and anchored to the surface of the stabilizing plate (11) by anchors (8); each enlarged-head anchor rod (7) consists of an anchor rod body (704) and an enlarged-head anchoring section (701). The anchor rod body (704) is vertically arranged, and the enlarged-head anchoring section (701) is located at the lower part of the anchor rod body (704). The enlarged-head anchoring section (701) consists of a support rod, a spring, a sliding block, an ear plate, and a fixing block. The sliding block (705) has a hollow tubular shape and its diameter is larger than that of the anchor rod body (704). A sliding space is left between the sliding block (705) and the anchor rod body (704). The sliding rod (705) can slide freely on the anchor rod (704); several support rods are arranged around the anchor rod body (704), and the support rods are composed of a first support rod (702) and a second support rod (703). The upper end of the first support rod (702) is hinged to the ear plate of the sliding block (705), and the lower end of the second support rod (703) is hinged to the ear plate of the anchor rod (704). The first support rod (702) and the second support rod (703) are hinged together. Several springs (706) are evenly arranged around the anchor rod body (704). One end of the spring is fixed to the sliding block (705), and the other end is fixed to the anchor rod fixing block (707).

4. A clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The partition (12) is provided in multiple sets, and the multiple sets of partitions (12) are welded to different heights of the steel lining (5).

5. A clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The gas inlet of the hydrogen storage well (6) is flush with the wellhead of the mine shaft (1) or placed inside the stabilizing plate (11), which is fixed to the gas inlet of multiple hydrogen storage wells (6).

6. A clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hydrogen storage well (6) is made of 30CrMo alloy steel, with an outer diameter of 200-700 mm, a depth of 10-80 m, and a working pressure of 35-70 MPa.

7. A construction method for a clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that, The specific construction steps are as follows: S1. Repair of abandoned mine shafts: First, the walls of abandoned mine shafts are measured and inspected to identify unstable areas such as collapse, damage, loose faults, etc. Then, the collapsed and loose abandoned mine shafts are repaired and reinforced by grouting to achieve a smooth transition of the shaft walls. S2: Steel lining welding and forming; an "X" shaped bevel is set at the welding joint of two adjacent inner lining steel plates. The bevel and the surrounding area are cleaned to ensure that there is no oil or oxide layer. The steel plates are preheated to the specified temperature before welding. After the inner lining steel plates and partitions are assembled and welded in sequence, an epoxy resin adhesive is prepared using bisphenol A epoxy resin matrix and mixed with 5% nano alumina and 10% boron nitride. The asphalt sand buffer layer is then bonded to the surface of the steel lining layer using the prepared epoxy resin adhesive. The epoxy resin coating thickness is 1-10mm. The asphalt sand buffer layer is prepared by mixing the following substances in the following weight percentages: asphalt 50%-65%, mineral powder 30%-40%, water-reducing agent 1%-2%, and reinforcing agent 2%-3%. S3. Construction of cement protective layer; The steel lining assembled in step S2 is placed into the abandoned mine shaft, and cement mortar is filled into the annular cavity between the inner wall of the abandoned mine shaft and the asphalt mortar buffer layer. S4. Lowering the hydrogen storage wells: The hydrogen storage wells are lowered into the steel lining in sequence, and the hydrogen storage wells are fixed by partitions. The stabilizing plates are made in the prefabrication plant, the steel bars of the stabilizing plates are tied, and PVC pipes are used to reserve hydrogen storage well channels, venting channels and anchor bolt channels. Finally, the stabilizing plate concrete is poured and cured. S5. Construction of enlarged head anchor bolts: Level the site, lay out the construction lines, locate the position of the enlarged head anchor bolt duct, use a drilling machine to drill the enlarged head anchor bolt duct, then lower the enlarged head anchor bolt to the design elevation, fill the entire duct with cement grout, and finally install the stabilizing plate and use anchors to anchor the anchor bolt to the stabilizing plate. S6. Install the venting channel; install the venting channel and hydrogen storage pipeline in the reserved hole in the stabilizing plate, thus completing the construction of the abandoned mine shaft cluster hydrogen storage well.

8. The construction method of a clustered hydrogen storage well in an abandoned mine shaft according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step S3, the cement mortar injection process involves using a polyethylene plastic hose to send the mortar into the bottom of the shaft through the annular space between the abandoned mine shaft and the assembled steel lining. Finally, a mud pump is used to send the prepared cement mortar into the bottom of the shaft through the polyethylene plastic hose, while simultaneously injecting and lifting the polyethylene plastic hose until the cement mortar fills the entire annular space.

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