Subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt

Abstract

The present application proposes a subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery, which comprises: a connecting tube, an expansion head; a connecting plate is formed at the first end of the connecting tube; a handle is formed at the second end of the connecting tube; a switch is installed on the handle; the expansion head comprises a first expansion component and a second expansion component; the first expansion component and the second expansion component are rotatably installed on the connecting plate through a pivot at their rear ends respectively; when the first expansion component and the second expansion component are closed together, the external contour is almond-shaped; a first coil is installed in the first expansion component; a second coil is installed in the second expansion component; the first coil and the second coil generate mutually repelling magnetic forces when energized, so that the expansion head opens, thereby separating the subcutaneous tissue to be expanded of the subject.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to a medical device, and in particular to a subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery. Background Art

[0002] Ventriculoperitoneal shunt refers to the placement of a shunt device with a one-way valve into the body to divert cerebrospinal fluid from the ventricles to the peritoneal cavity for absorption. This surgery is mainly used to treat patients with various types of hydrocephalus, including obstructive hydrocephalus, communicating hydrocephalus and normal intracranial pressure hydrocephalus.

[0003] The main surgical steps include:

[0004] 1. Scalp arc incision

[0005] The hole is made 4 to 5 cm behind the right earlobe, and the size of the skull hole is equivalent to the base of the reservoir. Cut the dura mater and send the front end of the ventricular catheter to the anterior horn of the ventricle. Cut the catheter at an appropriate length and connect it to the reservoir connector. Place the reservoir in the bone hole and suture it with the periosteum, then connect the proximal end of the valve to the outlet of the reservoir. Note that the valve cannot be reversed up and down, and the arrow on the valve pump chamber points to the direction of cerebrospinal fluid diversion.

[0006] 2. Separation of subcutaneous tunnel

[0007] The abdominal catheter is from the head incision through the top and temporal region, behind the ear, neck, and chest to the upper abdomen. The subcutaneous tunnel is long and can be opened in 2 to 3 times. The first incision is below the mastoid process, the second incision is below the clavicle, and the third incision is below the xiphoid process in the right upper abdomen. Use a blunt-tipped metal cleaning rod to separate the deep subcutaneous layer in sections to create a subcutaneous tunnel.

[0008] 3. Installing the peritoneal catheter

[0009] The proximal end of the catheter is connected to the valve outlet, and the distal end enters the right upper abdominal incision through a subcutaneous tunnel. It is best if the catheter has an arc bend at the neck so that it can stretch when the neck moves. There are two common locations for placing the end of the peritoneal catheter: ① The peritoneal catheter is placed on the diaphragmatic surface of the liver. Under the xiphoid process of the abdomen, a paramedian incision or a median incision is made, about 5 cm long. The abdominal wall and retroperitoneum are cut layer by layer to expose the left lobe of the liver, and the end of the peritoneal catheter is placed above the diaphragmatic surface of the liver. The length of the catheter in the abdominal cavity is about 10 cm. It is best to use a catheter with 4 slit openings on the side wall of the end to prevent backflow and lumen occlusion, and sew the catheter to the round ligament of the liver to prevent it from falling off. Once the catheter falls off, it leaves the diaphragmatic surface of the liver and floats freely in the abdominal cavity, and it is very easy to be wrapped and blocked by the greater omentum. ② The peritoneal catheter is placed in the free abdominal cavity. The abdominal incision can be in the midline or paramedian line of the upper or lower abdomen, about 3 cm long, and it is best to avoid the appendicitis incision. After entering the abdominal cavity and confirming that there is no peritoneal adhesion or other diseases, the end of the catheter can be sent into the abdominal cavity. It is best to have multiple small round holes at the end of the catheter, as far away from the abdominal wall incision as possible, and not coiled near the peritoneal incision. It is generally placed in the right (or left) iliac fossa. The length of the catheter free in the abdominal cavity should be more than 20 to 30 cm, and the catheter can be sutured and fixed on the peritoneal incision.

[0010] 4. Suture

[0011] After the catheter is fixed, the peritoneum and abdominal wall are sutured in layers.

[0012] When separating the subcutaneous tunnel, it is more difficult to establish the tunnel behind the ear and on the inner side of the clavicle because of the bony landmarks and strong tissue adhesion. Summary of the invention

[0013] In view of the above problems, the present application aims to propose a subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery, which is used in conjunction with a metal cleaning rod during the tunnel formation process. In locations where it is difficult to establish a tunnel with the cleaning rod, the dilator of the present application is used to separate tissues and help establish a tunnel at difficult points.

[0014] The subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt of the present application comprises: a connecting tube, a dilating head;

[0015] A connecting plate is formed at the first end of the connecting tube; a handle is formed at the second end of the connecting tube; a switch is installed on the handle;

[0016] The expansion head includes a first expansion component and a second expansion component; the first expansion component and the second expansion component are rotatably mounted on a connecting plate at their rear ends via pivots; when the first expansion component and the second expansion component are closed together, the outer contour is almond-shaped; a first coil is installed in the first expansion component; a second coil is installed in the second expansion component; the first coil and the second coil generate mutually repelling magnetic forces when energized, causing the expansion head to open, thereby separating the subcutaneous expansion tissue of the subject.

[0017] Preferably, the handle comprises a baffle.

[0018] Preferably, a first convex ridge is formed on the outer side of the front end of the first expansion member; a second convex ridge is formed on the outer side of the front end of the second expansion member; the first convex ridge and the second convex ridge are used to increase the bonding force between the expansion head and the tissue to be expanded.

[0019] Preferably, a first curved surface curved in an arc shape is formed on the outer side of the rear end of the first expansion member, and a plurality of first meshing teeth are distributed on the first curved surface;

[0020] Correspondingly, a second curved surface curved in an arc shape is formed on the outer side of the rear end of the second expansion member, and a plurality of second meshing teeth are distributed on the second curved surface;

[0021] The first meshing teeth and the second meshing teeth mesh together, thereby ensuring that the deflection angle of the first expansion member during the expansion process is the same as the deflection angle of the second expansion member during the expansion process.

[0022] Preferably, the switch is a one-control-two type switch to simultaneously control the power supply circuits of the first coil and the second coil.

[0023] Preferably, the expansion force of the expansion head is achieved by controlling the magnitude of the current in the first coil and the second coil.

[0024] When a difficult point is encountered during tunnel establishment by using the subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt of the present application, the metal cleaning rod is pulled out, the dilator of the present application is inserted and tightly pressed against the tissue to be dilated at the difficult point, and the first and second dilating components are separated under the action of mutually repelling magnetic forces by energizing the first coil and the second coil, thereby separating the tissue to be dilated. Since the dilating force can be easily increased by adjusting the current, the operator does not need to exert much force to clear the difficult point. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery;

[0026] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the top view of the subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery of the present application;

[0027] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the dilation head of the subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt in the present application in an open state;

[0028] Figure 4 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the dilation head of the subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt of the present application in a closed state;

[0029] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the right side of the dilation head of the subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt of the present application in a closed state;

[0030] Figure 6 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the dilation head of the subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery of the present application;

[0031] Figure 7 It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the second expansion component of the expansion head of the subcutaneous tunnel expander for ventriculoperitoneal shunt of the present application;

[0032] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the rear view structure of the second expansion component of the expansion head of the subcutaneous tunnel expander for ventriculoperitoneal shunt of the present application;

[0033] Fig. 9 It is a left-side structural schematic diagram of the connecting tube of the subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt of the present application;

[0034] Fig.10 The present invention is a schematic diagram of the relative positions of the first coil and the second coil in the dilation head of the subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt surgery of the application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] Below, the subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt of the present application is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] The subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt of the present application comprises: a connecting tube 10 and a dilation head.

[0037] A connecting plate 11 is formed at a first end of the connecting tube 10 ; a handle 13 is formed at a second end of the connecting tube 10 ; and a switch 14 is mounted on the handle 13 .

[0038] The expansion head includes a first expansion member 31 and a second expansion member 32; the first expansion member 31 and the second expansion member 32 are rotatably mounted on the connecting plate 11 at their rear ends through the first pivot 21 and the second pivot 22, respectively. Figure 2 shown.

[0039] Specifically, the first expansion member 31 and the second expansion member 32 can form a first groove 31b and a second groove 32b at their rear ends; the connecting plate 11 is inserted into the first groove 31b and the second groove 32b, the first pivot 21 is vertically formed in the first groove 31b, and the second pivot 22 is vertically formed in the second groove 32b.

[0040] When the first expansion member 31 and the second expansion member 32 are closed together, the outer contour is formed into an almond shape, such as Figure 2 , 6 shown.

[0041] A first coil 41 is installed in the first expansion member 31; a second coil 42 is installed in the second expansion member 32; the first coil 41 and the second coil 42 generate mutually repelling magnetic forces when energized, causing the expansion head to open, thereby separating the subcutaneous expansion tissue of the subject.

[0042] The handle 13 includes a baffle 12, which makes it convenient for the operator to apply pressure to press the expansion head against the tissue to be separated.

[0043] A first convex rib 31a is formed on the outer side of the front end of the first expansion member 31; a second convex rib 32a is formed on the outer side of the front end of the second expansion member 32; the first convex rib 31a and the second convex rib 32a are used to increase the bonding force between the expansion head and the tissue to be expanded.

[0044] The outer side of the rear end of the first expansion member 31 is formed with a first curved surface curved in an arc shape, and a plurality of first meshing teeth 31c are distributed on the first curved surface. Correspondingly, the outer side of the rear end of the second expansion member 32 is formed with a second curved surface curved in an arc shape, and a plurality of second meshing teeth 32c are distributed on the second curved surface; the first meshing teeth 31c and the second meshing teeth 32c are of the same size and pitch, and the first meshing teeth 31c and the second meshing teeth 32c are meshed together, thereby ensuring that the deflection angle of the first expansion member 31 during the expansion process is the same as the deflection angle of the second expansion member 32 during the expansion process, so as to avoid the expansion head from tilting and deviating from the position to be expanded during the repeated expansion of the part to be expanded in the formed tunnel.

[0045] The switch 14 is a one-control-two type switch to control the power supply circuits of the first coil 41 and the second coil 42 at the same time.

[0046] The power supply cables of the first coil 41 and the second coil 42 can be extended to the outside through the connecting tube 10 and connected to an external power source and circuit protection measures to form a power supply loop.

[0047] The expansion force of the expansion head is achieved by controlling the magnitude of the current in the first coil 41 and the second coil 42 .

[0048] When encountering a difficult point during tunnel establishment, the metal cleaning rod is pulled out, and the expander of the present application which is kept in a closed state is inserted and tightly pressed against the tissue to be expanded at the difficult point, and the first and second expansion components are separated under the action of mutually repelling magnetic forces by energizing the first coil and the second coil, thereby the first expansion component and the second expansion component expand the tissue to be separated which is in close contact with them. After one expansion stops, the power supply is suspended, and then the power supply is restored, so that the first coil and the second coil generate a magnetic force that attracts each other, so that the expansion head is closed again.

[0049] After the difficult point is opened, the expander of this application is pulled out, the metal cleaning rod is inserted and the subsequent tunnel construction work is continued.

[0050] Since the expansion force can be easily increased by adjusting the electric current, the operator himself does not need to exert a lot of strength to open the difficult points, which greatly saves the surgeon's physical strength during the operation and can effectively shorten the operation time.

[0051] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and / or scientific terms used in this application have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention relates. The materials, methods and examples mentioned in this application are illustrative only and not limiting.

[0052] Although the present invention has been described in conjunction with specific embodiments, within the spirit of the invention of this application, those skilled in the art may make appropriate substitutions, modifications and changes, and such substitutions, modifications and changes still fall within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt, used to help establish a tunnel at a difficult point where a cleaning rod is not easy to establish a tunnel, comprising: Connecting pipe, expansion head; A connecting plate is formed at the first end of the connecting tube; a handle is formed at the second end of the connecting tube; a switch is installed on the handle; The expansion head comprises a first expansion member and a second expansion member; the first expansion member and the second expansion member are rotatably mounted on the connecting plate at their rear ends respectively through a pivot; when the first expansion member and the second expansion member are closed together, the outer contour is formed into an almond shape, which is used to tightly abut against the tissue to be expanded at the difficult point; the outer side of the front end of the first expansion member is formed with a first convex ridge; A second convex ridge is formed on the outer side of the front end of the second expansion member; the first convex ridge and the second convex ridge are used to increase the bonding force between the expansion head and the tissue to be expanded; A first coil is installed in the first expansion component; a second coil is installed in the second expansion component; the first coil and the second coil generate mutually repelling magnetic forces when energized, causing the expansion head to open, thereby separating the subcutaneous tissue to be expanded under the subject, and establishing a tunnel at a difficult point where it is difficult for a cleaning rod to establish a tunnel.

2. The subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The handle includes a baffle.

3. The subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first curved surface curved in an arc shape is formed on the outer side of the rear end of the first expansion member, and a plurality of first meshing teeth are distributed on the first curved surface; Correspondingly, a second curved surface curved in an arc shape is formed on the outer side of the rear end of the second expansion member, and a plurality of second meshing teeth are distributed on the second curved surface; The first meshing teeth and the second meshing teeth mesh together, thereby ensuring that the deflection angle of the first expansion member during the expansion process is the same as the deflection angle of the second expansion member during the expansion process.

4. The subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switch is a one-control-two type switch, so as to simultaneously control the power supply circuits of the first coil and the second coil.

5. The subcutaneous tunnel dilator for ventriculoperitoneal shunt according to claim 1, characterized in that: The expansion force of the expansion head is achieved by controlling the magnitude of the current in the first coil and the second coil.

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