A flexible sealing device for a wall bushing and a method of using the same

Abstract

This invention provides a flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves and its application method, belonging to the field of building construction technology. The device includes a template, a sleeve, a waterproof membrane, an annular airbag, and a support mechanism. The template has a through hole for the sleeve to pass through. The waterproof membrane is placed on the outside of the template. The annular airbag is fitted onto the outside of the sleeve and abuts against the outside of the waterproof membrane. The support mechanism is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sleeve. A pressure sensor and a sensing optical cable are installed inside the annular airbag. A control box is installed on the outside of the annular airbag, and a controller is installed inside the control box. The pressure sensor and the sensing optical cable are electrically connected to the controller. This device can adapt to through holes of different shapes and sizes on the template, avoid grout leakage from the outer periphery of the sleeve, and has a good sealing effect. At the same time, it can detect the hollow phenomenon on the outside of the sleeve inside the wall. It is simple and convenient to use, effectively improves the concrete pouring quality at the sleeve, and increases the first-time acceptance rate.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of building construction technology, and specifically relates to a flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves and its usage method. Background Technology

[0002] During the concrete pouring process of the main structure of the building, numerous through-wall sleeves were installed in the walls of the underground air-raid shelter to facilitate subsequent pipeline layout. Most of these sleeves were circular, but the wooden formwork at these locations could not be accurately cut to the exact shape of the circular holes matching the sleeves. This resulted in gaps between the formwork and the sleeves, leading to grout leakage during concrete pouring and poor concrete quality. To address this issue, workers used woven bags to fill these gaps, but these bags became embedded in the concrete and could not be completely removed, further affecting the quality and appearance of the concrete. Furthermore, improper construction or other factors during wall pouring could reduce the fluidity of the concrete, causing hollow areas at the bottom of the sleeves, which could lead to wall cracking and severely impact wall quality. Currently, there is no device to simultaneously detect hollow areas in the embedded sleeves; instead, specialized tools are used to tap and inspect the area after wall construction, followed by secondary filling of the hollow areas, reducing construction efficiency and affecting the construction schedule. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides a flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves and its usage method. It can be used for through holes of different shapes and sizes on templates, avoids grout leakage from the outer periphery of the sleeve, has a good sealing effect, and can detect hollowness on the outer side of the sleeve inside the wall. It is simple and convenient to use, effectively improves the quality of concrete pouring at the sleeve, and increases the first-time acceptance rate.

[0004] In view of the above problems, the technical solution proposed by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] This invention provides a flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves, comprising a template, a sleeve, a waterproof membrane, an annular airbag, and a support mechanism. The template has a through hole for the sleeve to pass through, and both ends of the sleeve extend to the outside of the template. The waterproof membrane is disposed on the outside of the template. The annular airbag is sleeved on the outside of the sleeve and abuts against the outside of the waterproof membrane. An air valve is disposed on the outside of the annular airbag. The support mechanism is symmetrically disposed on both sides of the sleeve. A pressure sensor and a sensing optical cable are disposed inside the annular airbag. A control box is disposed outside the annular airbag, and a controller is disposed inside the control box. The pressure sensor and the sensing optical cable are electrically connected to the controller. A buzzer is disposed on one side of the control box and is electrically connected to the controller.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the through hole has an irregular polygonal structure, the coverage area of ​​the annular airbag after inflation is larger than the area of ​​the through hole, the outer edge of the waterproof membrane overlaps with the edge of the through hole by at least 10cm, the waterproof membrane is made of polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, and the four sides of the waterproof membrane are fixedly connected to the template by pressure strips, the pressure strips being made of galvanized metal strips.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pressure ring is fixedly connected to the side of the annular airbag away from the waterproof membrane. The pressure ring is made of hard metal, and connecting strips are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressure ring. The other end of the connecting strip is bolted to the template.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control box is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure ring, the controller is provided with a pressure conversion module, and the pressure sensor is wirelessly connected to the pressure conversion module via radio frequency signal.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the sensing optical cable is wound in a ring around the inner wall of the annular airbag near the waterproof plate. Fiber optic compensators are installed in an equidistant array on the upper part of the sensing optical cable. The controller also contains a fiber optic demodulation module. The end of the sensing optical cable is connected to the fiber optic demodulation module. The position where the sensing optical cable passes through the annular airbag is sealed.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the tube support mechanism includes a fixed plate, a support plate, and an adjusting rod. One side of the fixed plate is fixedly connected to the pressure ring. The support plate has an arc-shaped structure and is disposed on one side of the fixed plate, with one side of the support plate fitting against the outer surface of the sleeve. The adjusting rod is disposed on the other side of the support plate, with its other end penetrating the fixed plate. A spring is disposed on one side of the support plate, sleeved on the outside of the adjusting rod, with its other end fixedly connected to the fixed plate. Guide rods are symmetrically disposed on both sides of the spring, parallel to the adjusting rod. One end of the guide rod is fixedly connected to the support plate, and the other end of the guide rod penetrates the fixed plate.

[0011] On the other hand, a method of using a flexible sealing device for a through-wall sleeve includes the following steps:

[0012] S1. Use a cutting tool to cut hexagonal through holes on the template at the positions corresponding to the through sleeves. Lay the template on both sides of the wall to be poured according to the construction requirements. Then embed the sleeves into the through holes so that both ends of the sleeves extend to the outside of the template.

[0013] S2, cut the waterproof membrane according to the size of the through hole, and open an opening in the center of the waterproof membrane that matches the outer diameter of the sleeve, and then lay the waterproof membrane on the outside of the template.

[0014] S3, after pre-inflating the annular airbag, install the annular airbag onto the sleeve, adjust the position of the annular airbag so that its inner side is in contact with the waterproof membrane, and at the same time use the tube support mechanism to support and clamp the end of the sleeve. Then, pressurize the annular airbag a second time until the pressure inside the annular airbag is stable and it is fully inflated.

[0015] S4, pour concrete between the templates, and before the concrete solidifies, the pressure sensor and fiber optic compensator will detect the sealing and forming of the outer periphery of the sleeve in real time, and issue an alarm signal through the buzzer when the pressure and fiber optic signal are abnormal.

[0016] S5. After the concrete has completely solidified, release the gas inside the annular airbag and remove the annular airbag, waterproof membrane, and formwork in sequence.

[0017] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S2 specifically includes:

[0018] S201, Measure the size of the through hole, cut a square waterproof board, and make sure that the outer edge of the waterproof board overlaps the edge of the through hole by at least 10cm;

[0019] S202, lay the waterproof membrane on the end of the sleeve and align the two centers. Use a rubber mallet to tap along the edge of the sleeve to shear the waterproof membrane and obtain an opening with the same outer diameter as the sleeve.

[0020] S203, install the waterproof membrane onto the sleeve, and use pressure strips to fix the outer edge of the waterproof membrane to the template in sequence.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, step S3 specifically includes:

[0022] S301, a small amount of gas is injected into the annular airbag through the valve, and then the annular airbag is put onto the sleeve. Pull the adjusting rod on the support tube mechanism outward to drive the support plates on both sides to move apart until the distance between the support plates is greater than the diameter of the sleeve. Then push the annular airbag inward so that the inner side of the airbag is in contact with the surface of the waterproof membrane. Then release the adjusting rod, and the support plate pops out inward under the action of the spring and is in contact with the outer wall of the sleeve.

[0023] S302, Connect and fix the connecting strips on both sides of the pressure ring to the template;

[0024] S303, inflate the annular airbag again through the valve stem until it is fully inflated and the inner ring of the annular airbag is in close contact with the outer surface of the sleeve, and the outer ring completely covers the hexagonal through hole.

[0025] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the method for judging the sealing and forming status of the outer periphery of the sleeve in step S4 is as follows: the pressure sensor collects the air pressure value inside the annular airbag and transmits the collected signal to the pressure conversion module through radio frequency signal. The collected signal is calculated and converted into a pressure value. The controller compares it with a preset threshold to determine whether the annular airbag is damaged, thereby reflecting the tightness of the contact between the annular airbag and the waterproof membrane. In addition, an optical signal is passed through one end of the sensing optical cable. The optical signal is transmitted to the fiber demodulation module along the direction of the sensing optical cable. The fiber demodulation module judges whether the side wall of the annular airbag has deformed according to the transmission time and dispersion of the optical signal, thereby reflecting whether a void appears at the bottom of the sleeve during concrete pouring.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0027] (1) The gap between the through-wall sleeve and the through hole is sealed by the waterproof membrane, and the waterproof membrane is supported and tightened by the inflation of the annular airbag, which tightly wraps the through-wall sleeve, improves the sealing performance of the waterproof membrane, effectively prevents grout leakage at the sleeve position, and then the two ends of the sleeve are supported and fixed by the support pipe mechanism to keep it perpendicular to the through hole of the template, accurately locate the position of the through-wall sleeve, so that the concrete forming quality and appearance are guaranteed. The device has a simple structure, is easy to use, and has a high reusability.

[0028] (2) A pressure sensor is used to detect the status of the annular airbag in real time to ensure reliable sealing. A sensing optical cable is embedded in the bonding surface of the annular airbag. Without affecting the strength of the airbag, the deformation of the bonding surface of the airbag is detected by the optical fiber demodulation module, thereby determining whether there is a void at the bottom of the sleeve. The sensing optical cable has a fast response speed, low loss, accurate and reliable detection, avoids secondary rework, and improves construction efficiency.

[0029] The above description is merely an overview of the technical solution of the present invention. In order to better understand the technical means of the present invention and to implement it in accordance with the contents of the specification, and to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, specific embodiments of the present invention are described below. Attached Figure Description

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a flexible sealing device for a through-wall sleeve disclosed in this invention;

[0031] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Enlarged view at point A in the middle;

[0032] Figure 3 This is an exploded structural diagram of a flexible sealing device for a through-wall sleeve disclosed in this invention;

[0033] Figure 4This is a side sectional view of a flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves disclosed in this invention;

[0034] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view at point B;

[0035] Figure 6 yes Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure at section CC;

[0036] Figure 7 This is an electrical connection block diagram of a flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves disclosed in this invention;

[0037] Figure 8 This is a flowchart illustrating the usage method of a flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves disclosed in this invention.

[0038] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 10, template; 11, through hole; 20, sleeve; 100, waterproof membrane; 101, pressure strip; 200, annular airbag; 201, valve; 202, pressure sensor; 203, sensing optical cable; 204, fiber optic compensator; 205, pressure ring; 2051, connecting strip; 206, control box; 2061, controller; 2062, pressure conversion module; 2063, fiber optic demodulation module; 207, buzzer; 400, tube support mechanism; 401, fixing plate; 402, support plate; 403, adjusting rod; 404, spring component; 405, guide rod. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0041] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0042] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0043] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] See attached document Figure 1-7As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: a flexible sealing device for a through-wall sleeve, comprising a template 10, a sleeve 20, a waterproof membrane 100, an annular airbag 200, and a support mechanism 400. The template 10 has a through hole 11 for the sleeve 20 to pass through. Both ends of the sleeve 20 extend to the outside of the template 10, and the sleeve 20 penetrates the template 10 on both sides of the wall, connecting the inner and outer sides of the wall. The waterproof membrane 100 is disposed on the outside of the template 10 and fixed to the template 10, used to seal the gap between the root of the sleeve 20 and the through hole 11. The annular airbag 200 is sleeved on the sleeve 20. The outer side of the annular airbag 200, which abuts against the outer side of the waterproof membrane 100, is equipped with a valve 201. The annular airbag 200 presses the waterproof membrane 100 against the template 10, preventing deformation of the waterproof membrane 100. The annular airbag 200 has a layered structure, high strength, and large support force, improving the outward expansion force of the outer edge of the airbag and making it fit more tightly and firmly against the waterproof membrane 100. The annular airbag 200 is made of silicone, which has high elasticity and a long service life. The valve 201 is used to inflate and deflate the annular airbag 200 and has a built-in sealing structure to ensure stable pressure inside the annular airbag 200. The support structure 400 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sleeve 20. The support structure lifts and clamps both ends of the sleeve 20, keeping the sleeve 20 perpendicular to the template 10 and ensuring that it is located in the center of the through hole 11. This makes the pre-embedded molding of the through-wall sleeve 20 more aesthetically pleasing. The annular airbag 200 is equipped with a pressure sensor 202 and a sensing optical cable 203. The annular airbag 200 is equipped with a control box 206 on its outer side. The control box 206 is equipped with a controller 2061. The pressure sensor 202 and the sensing optical cable 203 are both electrically connected to the controller 2061. 203 is used to detect the status of the annular airbag 200 and determine the flexible sealing situation. The controller 2061 receives the sensor signal and generates the control signal. A buzzer 207 is set on one side of the control box 206. The buzzer 207 is electrically connected to the controller 2061 and is used to release the alarm signal. When the controller 2061 detects a signal that exceeds the preset range, the buzzer 207 is activated to emit an alarm sound, which facilitates construction personnel to quickly locate the fault point and troubleshoot the fault. This device effectively avoids concrete leakage at the wall sleeve 20, improves the molding quality and appearance, and increases the construction acceptance rate.

[0046] The embodiments of the present invention are also implemented through the following technical solutions.

[0047] In an embodiment of the present invention, the through hole 11 has an irregular polygonal structure. The through hole 11 is opened on the construction site by a cutting tool. The size of the opening is adapted to the diameter of the through sleeve 20. The size of the through hole 11 is slightly larger than the diameter of the sleeve 20 to prevent the opening size from being too large to withstand the pressure of concrete pouring. The coverage area of ​​the annular airbag 200 after inflation is larger than the area of ​​the through hole 11. The outer edge of the waterproof membrane 100 overlaps with the edge of the through hole 11 by at least 10cm. The annular airbag 200 completely covers the through hole 11 to prevent grout leakage from the outside of the sleeve 20. The waterproof membrane 100 is made of polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane, which is simple in material, inexpensive, and easy to process, effectively reducing costs. All four sides of the waterproof membrane 100 are fixedly connected to the template 10 by pressure strips 101. The pressure strips 101 are made of galvanized metal strips. The pressure strips 101 constrain and fix the waterproof membrane 100 to ensure its reliable connection with the template 10.

[0048] In an embodiment of the present invention, a pressure ring 205 is fixedly connected to the side of the annular airbag 200 away from the waterproof membrane 100. The pressure ring 205 is made of hard metal. Connecting strips 2051 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the pressure ring 205. The other end of the connecting strip 2051 is bolted to the template 10. The connecting strip 2051 and the pressure ring 205 are integrally formed, fixing the annular airbag 200 on the template 10 and limiting the position of the annular airbag 200, so that it can stably fit on the waterproof membrane 100 after inflation, preventing deformation at the gap between the waterproof membrane 100 and the sleeve 20, which would affect the appearance of the concrete molding.

[0049] In an embodiment of the present invention, the control box 206 is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure ring 205, which facilitates the inspection and maintenance of the controller 2061 and improves its practicality. The controller 2061 is equipped with a pressure conversion module 2062. The pressure sensor 202 is wirelessly connected to the pressure conversion module 2062 via radio frequency signal. The pressure sensor 202 collects the pressure signal inside the annular airbag 200 and transmits the signal to the pressure conversion module 2062 to determine whether the annular airbag 200 is leaking air or depressurizing. When the annular airbag 200 depressurizes, the tightness of the seal against the waterproof membrane 100 decreases, which may cause grout leakage on the outside of the sleeve 20. The controller 2061 outputs an alarm signal based on this signal.

[0050] In an embodiment of the present invention, the sensing optical cable 203 is wound in a ring around the inner wall of the annular airbag 200 near the waterproof plate 100. The sensing optical cable 203 is attached to one side of the annular airbag 200. The deformation of the side wall of the annular airbag 200 is determined by the optical fiber transmission principle. When concrete is poured, when a cavity appears at the lower part of the sleeve 20, the high-pressure gas inside the annular airbag 200 will flow into the cavity after other parts of the annular airbag 200 are squeezed by the concrete, causing the outer wall of the annular airbag 200 to bulge and deform, which in turn causes the sensing optical cable 203 to deform simultaneously, causing parameters such as the transmission time and diffusion of the optical signal inside the sensing optical cable 203 to change. The sensing optical cable 203 is equipped with an equidistant array of fiber optic compensators 204. The fiber optic compensators 204 serve as optical signal compensation points, eliminating the influence of factors such as temperature and pressure on the sensing optical cable 203, making the detection signal output of the sensing optical cable 203 more accurate and reliable. The controller 2061 is also equipped with a fiber optic demodulation module 2063. The end of the sensing optical cable 203 is connected to the fiber optic demodulation module 2063. The position where the sensing optical cable 203 passes through the annular airbag 200 is sealed. The fiber optic demodulation module 2063 is used to receive the signal from the sensing optical cable 203. It is convenient and quick to use, and the detection data is reliable and stable.

[0051] In an embodiment of the present invention, the tube support mechanism 400 includes a fixed plate 401, a support plate 402, and an adjusting rod 403. One side of the fixed plate 401 is fixedly connected to the pressure ring 205. The support plate 402 has an arc-shaped structure and is disposed on one side of the fixed plate 401, with one side of the support plate 402 fitting against the outer surface of the sleeve 20. The adjusting rod 403 is disposed on the other side of the support plate 402, with the other end of the adjusting rod 403 penetrating through the fixed plate 401. A spring member 404 is disposed on one side of the support plate 402, sleeved on the outside of the adjusting rod 403, with the other end of the spring member 404 fixedly connected to the fixed plate 401. Guide rods 405 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sleeve 20. The guide rods 405 are parallel to the adjusting rods 403. One end of the guide rod 405 is fixedly connected to the support plate 402, and the other end of the guide rod 405 passes through the fixing plate 401. The support plates 402 on both sides are in contact with the outer wall of the sleeve 20, clamping and supporting the sleeve 20 to keep it aligned with the through hole 11. The distance between the support plates 402 can be adjusted by stretching the adjusting rods 403, so as to adapt to the use of sleeves 20 of different diameters. It has a wide range of applications. The guide rods 405 play a limiting and guiding role for the support plates 402, making the movement of the support plates 402 more stable. The tube support mechanism 400 has a simple structure and is easy to use and operate.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] See attached document Figure 8 As shown in the figure, another embodiment of the present invention provides a method for using a flexible sealing device for a through-wall sleeve, comprising the following steps:

[0054] S1. Use a cutting tool to cut hexagonal through holes 11 on the template 10 corresponding to the position of the through sleeve 20, and lay the template 10 on both sides of the wall to be poured according to the construction requirements. Then, embed the sleeve 20 into the through hole 11 so that both ends of the sleeve 20 extend to the outside of the template 10.

[0055] S2, cut the waterproof board 100 according to the size of the through hole 11, and open an opening in the center of the waterproof board 100 that matches the outer diameter of the sleeve 20, and then lay the waterproof board 100 on the outside of the template 10.

[0056] Specifically, this includes:

[0057] S201, Measure the size of the through hole 11, cut a square waterproof board 100, and make the outer edge of the waterproof board 100 overlap with the edge of the through hole 11 by at least 10cm;

[0058] S202, the waterproof membrane 100 is laid on the end of the sleeve 20 and the two are aligned. The waterproof membrane 100 is then sheared by the edge of the sleeve 20 to obtain an opening with the same outer diameter as the sleeve 20.

[0059] S203, install the waterproof membrane 100 onto the sleeve 20, and use the pressure strip 101 to fix the outer edge of the waterproof membrane 100 to the template 10 in sequence;

[0060] S3, after pre-inflating the annular airbag 200, install it onto the sleeve 20, adjust the position of the annular airbag 200 so that its inner side is in contact with the waterproof membrane 100, and at the same time use the support tube mechanism 400 to support and clamp the end of the sleeve 20, and then pressurize the annular airbag 200 a second time until the pressure inside the annular airbag 200 is stable and fully inflated.

[0061] Specifically, this includes:

[0062] S301, a small amount of gas is injected into the annular airbag 200 through the valve 201, and then the annular airbag 200 is put onto the sleeve 20. The adjusting rod 403 on the support tube mechanism 400 is pulled outward, which drives the support plates 402 on both sides to move apart until the distance between the support plates 402 is greater than the diameter of the sleeve 20. Then the annular airbag 200 is pushed inward, so that the inner side of the airbag is in contact with the surface of the waterproof plate 100. Then the adjusting rod 403 is released, and the support plate 402 pops out inward under the action of the spring 404 and is in contact with the outer wall of the sleeve 20.

[0063] S302, connect and fix the connecting strips 2051 on both sides of the pressure ring 205 to the template 10;

[0064] S303, the annular airbag 200 is inflated again through the valve 201, so that it is fully inflated until the inner ring of the annular airbag 200 is in close contact with the outer surface of the sleeve 20, and the outer ring completely covers the hexagonal through hole 11.

[0065] S4, concrete is poured between templates 10. Before the concrete solidifies, pressure sensor 202 and fiber optic compensator 204 detect the sealing and forming of the outer periphery of sleeve 20 in real time, and issue an alarm signal through buzzer 207 when the pressure and fiber optic signal are abnormal.

[0066] The method for judging the sealing and forming condition of the outer periphery of the sleeve 20 is as follows: the pressure sensor 202 collects the air pressure value inside the annular airbag 200 and transmits the collected signal to the pressure conversion module 2062 via radio frequency signal. The collected signal is converted into a pressure value, and the controller 2061 compares it with a preset threshold to determine whether the annular airbag 200 is damaged, thereby reflecting the tightness of the contact between the annular airbag 200 and the waterproof membrane 100. In addition, an optical signal is passed through one end of the sensing optical cable 203. The optical signal is transmitted along the direction of the sensing optical cable 203 to the fiber demodulation module 2063. The fiber demodulation module 2063 judges whether the side wall of the annular airbag 200 has deformed according to the transmission time and dispersion of the optical signal, thereby reflecting whether there is a void at the bottom of the sleeve 20 during concrete pouring.

[0067] S5. After the concrete has completely solidified, release the gas inside the annular airbag 200, and then remove the annular airbag 200, waterproof membrane 100 and formwork 10 in sequence.

[0068] This method utilizes the cooperation between the annular airbag 200 and the waterproof membrane 100 to seal the irregular through holes 11 opened on the template 10. The pressure sensor 202 and sensing optical cable 203 inside the annular airbag 200 are used to detect the sealing status of the annular airbag 200 in real time, and the controller 2061 calculates and converts the data. When air leakage or concrete pouring cavity occurs, an alarm signal is issued by the buzzer 207. It is convenient to use and simple to operate, effectively improving the reliability of the through-wall sleeve sealing, avoiding secondary rework caused by grout leakage, and ensuring construction quality and efficiency.

[0069] It should be noted that the specific models and specifications of the pressure sensor 202, sensing optical cable 203, fiber optic compensator 204, controller 2061 and buzzer 207 need to be selected and determined according to the actual specifications of the device. The specific selection calculation method adopts the existing technology in this field, so it will not be described in detail.

[0070] It should be noted that the power supply and operating principle of the pressure sensor 202, sensing optical cable 203, fiber optic compensator 204, controller 2061 and buzzer 207 are clear to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0071] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the invention should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims

1. A flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves, characterized in that, The device includes a template (10), a sleeve (20), a waterproof membrane (100), an annular airbag (200), and a support mechanism (400). The template (10) has a through hole (11) through which the sleeve (20) passes. Both ends of the sleeve (20) extend to the outside of the template (10). The waterproof membrane (100) is located on the outside of the template (10). The annular airbag (200) is fitted on the outside of the sleeve (20) and abuts against the outside of the waterproof membrane (100). An air valve (201) is provided on the outside of the annular airbag (200). A pressure ring (205) is fixedly connected to the side of the annular airbag (200) away from the waterproof membrane (100). The pressure ring (205) is made of hard metal. The tube support mechanism (400) is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the sleeve (20); the tube support mechanism (400) includes a fixed plate (401), a support plate (402), and an adjusting rod (403). One side of the fixed plate (401) is fixedly connected to the pressure ring (205). The support plate (402) has an arc-shaped structure and is arranged on one side of the fixed plate (401). One side of the support plate (402) is in contact with the outer surface of the sleeve (20). The adjusting rod (403) is arranged on the other side of the support plate (402). The other end of the spring rod passes through the fixed plate (401). A spring element (404) is provided on one side of the support plate (402). The spring element (404) is sleeved on the outside of the adjusting rod (403). The other end of the spring element (404) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (401). Guide rods (405) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the spring element (404). The guide rods (405) are parallel to the adjusting rod (403). One end of the guide rod (405) is fixedly connected to the support plate (402). The other end of the guide rod (405) passes through the fixed plate (401). The annular airbag (200) is equipped with a pressure sensor (202) and a sensing optical cable (203); the sensing optical cable (203) is wound in a ring around the inner wall of the annular airbag (200) near the waterproof plate (100), and fiber optic compensators (204) are installed on the upper equidistant array of the sensing optical cable (203). A control box (206) is provided on the outside of the annular airbag (200). Inside the control box (206) are a controller (2061) and an optical fiber demodulation module (2063). The pressure sensor (202) and the sensing optical cable (203) are both electrically connected to the controller (2061). The end of the sensing optical cable (203) is connected to the optical fiber demodulation module (2063). The position where the sensing optical cable (203) passes through the annular airbag (200) is sealed. A buzzer (207) is provided on one side of the control box (206), and the buzzer (207) is electrically connected to the controller (2061).

2. The flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves according to claim 1, characterized in that, The through hole (11) has an irregular polygonal structure. The coverage area of ​​the annular airbag (200) after inflation is larger than the area of ​​the through hole (11). The outer edge of the waterproof membrane (100) overlaps with the edge of the through hole (11) by at least 10cm. The waterproof membrane (100) is made of polymer modified bitumen waterproof membrane. All four sides of the waterproof membrane (100) are fixedly connected to the template (10) by pressure strips (101). The pressure strips (101) are made of galvanized metal strips.

3. The flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves according to claim 2, characterized in that, The pressure ring (205) is symmetrically provided with connecting strips (2051) on both sides, and the other end of the connecting strip (2051) is bolted to the template (10).

4. The flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves according to claim 3, characterized in that, The control box (206) is fixedly connected to one side of the pressure ring (205). The controller (2061) is equipped with a pressure conversion module (2062). The pressure sensor (202) is wirelessly connected to the pressure conversion module (2062) via radio frequency signal.

5. A method of using a flexible sealing device for a through-wall sleeve, applied to the flexible sealing device for a through-wall sleeve as described in claim 4, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Use a cutting tool to cut a hexagonal through hole (11) on the template (10) corresponding to the position of the through sleeve (20), and lay the template (10) on both sides of the wall to be poured according to the construction requirements. Then embed the sleeve (20) into the through hole (11) so that both ends of the sleeve (20) extend to the outside of the template (10). S2, cut the waterproof board (100) according to the size of the through hole (11), and open an opening in the center of the waterproof board (100) that matches the outer diameter of the sleeve (20), and then lay the waterproof board (100) on the outside of the template (10); S3, after pre-inflating the annular airbag (200), install it onto the sleeve (20), adjust the position of the annular airbag (200) so that its inner side fits against the waterproof membrane (100), and at the same time use the support tube mechanism (400) to support and clamp the end of the sleeve (20), and then pressurize the annular airbag (200) a second time until the pressure inside the annular airbag (200) is stable and fully inflated; S4, pour concrete between the template (10), and before the concrete solidifies, the pressure sensor (202) and the fiber optic compensator (204) detect the sealing and forming of the outer periphery of the sleeve (20) in real time, and issue an alarm signal through the buzzer (207) when the pressure and fiber optic signal are abnormal. S5. After the concrete has completely solidified, release the gas in the annular airbag (200) and remove the annular airbag (200), waterproof membrane (100) and template (10) in sequence.

6. The method of using the flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S2 specifically includes: S201, Measure the size of the through hole (11), cut a square waterproof board (100) so that the outer edge of the waterproof board (100) overlaps with the edge of the through hole (11) by at least 10cm; S202, the waterproof membrane (100) is laid on the end of the sleeve (20) and the two are aligned. The edge of the sleeve (20) is tapped with a rubber mallet and the edge of the sleeve (20) is used to shear the waterproof membrane (100) to obtain an opening with the same outer diameter as the sleeve (20). S203, install the waterproof membrane (100) onto the sleeve (20), and use the pressure strip (101) to fix the outer edge of the waterproof membrane (100) to the template (10) in sequence.

7. The method of using the flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves according to claim 5, characterized in that, Step S3 specifically includes: S301, a small amount of gas is injected into the annular airbag (200) through the valve (201), and then the annular airbag (200) is put onto the sleeve (20). The adjusting rod (403) on the support tube mechanism (400) is pulled outward, which causes the support plates (402) on both sides to move apart until the distance between the support plates (402) is greater than the diameter of the sleeve (20). Then the annular airbag (200) is pushed inward so that the inner side of the airbag is in contact with the surface of the waterproof plate (100). Then the adjusting rod (403) is released, and the support plate (402) pops outward under the action of the spring (404) and is in contact with the outer wall of the sleeve (20). S302, connect and fix the connecting strips (2051) on both sides of the pressure ring (205) to the template (10); S303, inflate the annular airbag (200) again through the valve (201) until it is fully inflated and the inner ring of the annular airbag (200) is in close contact with the outer surface of the sleeve (20), and the outer ring completely covers the hexagonal through hole (11).

8. The method of using the flexible sealing device for through-wall sleeves according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method for judging the sealing and forming status of the outer periphery of the sleeve (20) in step S4 is as follows: the pressure sensor (202) collects the air pressure value inside the annular airbag (200) and transmits the collected signal to the pressure conversion module (2062) through the radio frequency signal. The collected signal is converted into a pressure value. The controller (2061) compares it with the preset threshold to determine whether the annular airbag (200) is damaged, thereby reflecting the tightness of the contact between the annular airbag (200) and the waterproof membrane (100). In addition, one end of the sensing optical cable (203) is connected to the optical signal. The optical signal is transmitted along the direction of the sensing optical cable (203) to the optical fiber demodulation module (2063). The optical fiber demodulation module (2063) judges whether the side wall of the annular airbag (200) is deformed according to the transmission time and dispersion of the optical signal, thereby reflecting whether there is a void at the bottom of the sleeve (20) when the concrete is poured.

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