Ball Screw Mechanism of Axially-Projected Ring-Type Opposing Ball Circulator

Abstract

A ball screw mechanism includes a screw rod, a nut, balls, and ball circulators and their blocking components arranged at both ends of the inner hole of the nut. The ball circulator has a circulating raceway, the nut wall thickness has a connecting raceway, and the screw rod and the nut form a spiral raceway. The ball circulator is an annular mating ball circulator, which is formed by the mating of a first annular component and a second annular component, and the circulating raceway of the ball circulator is jointly formed after the first annular component and the second annular component are mated; at both ends of the inner hole of the nut, a first annular component, a second annular component, and a blocking component are successively installed from the inside to the outside, and the blocking component axially limits the ball circulator; there are 1 to 4 first axial protrusions on the end face of the first annular component, and there are 1 to 4 corresponding second positioning grooves on the inner hole step surface of the nut. The invention is simple and convenient to process, has a strong load-bearing capacity, the balls are not easily jammed in the circulator, has a good dust-proof effect, and is convenient to assemble.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of ball screws, and particularly relates to a ball screw mechanism with an axially convex block annular mating type ball circulator. Background Art

[0002] In small and medium-sized ball screw mechanisms with a diameter less than or equal to 60 mm, the ball diameter is in the range of 0.3 mm to 6 mm. Due to the limitation of the overall structural dimensions of the ball screw mechanism, most ball screw mechanisms will make the ball circulator on both sides or outside of the thread in the screw mechanism, and guide the balls into and out of the circulating raceway of the ball circulator through the connecting raceway or spiral raceway of the ball screw mechanism, and the balls are circulated through the ball circulator.

[0003] In the ball screw mechanism in the prior art, when the axial matching dimension between the nut and the screw rod is constant, in order to machine an arc-shaped thread on the nut, the feed direction of the machining tool forms a certain angle with the central axis of the nut. Therefore, the axial length of the nut is restricted. In some ball screw mechanisms, in a nut with the same length dimension, two radial holes perpendicular to the nut axis need to be drilled in the nut wall thickness, and then a T-shaped ball circulator is placed. This makes the nut machining inconvenient, and the limited stroke of the nut and the screw rod cooperation is shortened by nearly 40%, reducing the number of balls that can be installed between the nut and the screw rod, thus resulting in a decrease in the load-bearing capacity. In some other ball screw mechanisms, spiral slots are drilled in the peripheral wall of the nut to place a strip-shaped circulator. Such a circulator spans two pitches. On the one hand, it makes the machining of the spiral slots in the nut difficult; on the other hand, the balls only bear the load when they are in the load-bearing thread grooves between the screw rod and the nut, and the balls do not bear the load inside the circulator. The circulator spanning two pitches occupies more distance of the load-bearing thread grooves of the nut, reducing the number of balls that can be installed in the load-bearing thread groove positions between the nut and the screw rod, thus resulting in a decrease in the overall load-bearing capacity of the ball screw mechanism. There is also a ball screw mechanism using a split-type ball circulator, which has the following problems: 1. The installation position of the circulator is small and the positioning accuracy requirement is high. The circulator needs to be installed and fastened by piercing through the nut wall thickness. The nut wall thickness needs to be drilled through, and threaded holes also need to be machined on the nut to fix the circulator with screws, making the machining of the circulator and the nut difficult, with a low qualified rate of finished products. In case of frequent vibration, the screws and the circulator are prone to loosen; thus, the machining is complex and difficult, and the structure is unstable; 2. The proportion of load-bearing balls installed in the load-bearing thread grooves of the nut to all the balls is relatively low, resulting in a decrease in the load-bearing capacity; at the same time, it is impossible to increase the displacement speed and achieve the function of large displacement at low speed; 3. The balls directly transition from the connection channel port of the nut to the commutation channel of the circulator's circulating raceway, and the balls cannot achieve good commutation, resulting in easy jamming of the balls at the commutation position of the circulating raceway of the ball circulator; 4. In order to prevent dust-like impurities or small debris from entering the circulator, dust-proof components need to be installed on both sides; 5. The nut needs to be screwed onto the screw rod first, and then the circulator is installed on the through hole in the nut wall thickness. While rotating the nut, balls are filled into the circulator installed on the nut. Especially when installing multiple rows of balls, each row of balls needs to be enclosed during installation. The more rows there are, the longer the installation time is, and the consistency of the number of balls in each row also needs to be ensured. Otherwise, it will cause damage to the ball screw mechanism; after the balls are installed, dust-proof covers need to be added at both ends of the nut, so the assembly is inconvenient and the efficiency is low. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to overcome the above deficiencies of the prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a ball screw mechanism with an axially convex block ring-type mating ball circulator that is simple and convenient to process, has a low difficulty level, a stable structure, a significantly improved load-bearing capacity, is not prone to jamming, does not require dust-proof components, and is convenient to assemble with high efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution of the present invention is a ball screw mechanism, including: a screw rod, a nut, balls, and two ball circulators and their blocking components respectively arranged at both ends of the inner hole of the nut. The nut is detachably installed integrally with the ball circulator and its blocking components. The screw rod and the nut cooperate to jointly form a spiral raceway for the balls to roll. The ball circulator has a circulating raceway, and the inner wall thickness of the nut has a connecting raceway for the balls to enter and exit the circulating raceway of the ball circulator at both ends. The balls roll back and forth between the spiral raceway formed by the screw rod and the nut, the circulating raceway of the ball circulator, and the connecting raceway of the nut. It is characterized in that:

[0006] a, the ball circulator is a ring-type mating ball circulator, formed by the mating of a first ring component and a second ring component. The mating surface of the first ring component on the mating side has a raceway groove of the circulating raceway, and the mating surface of the second ring component on the mating side has a raceway groove of the circulating raceway. And the ball circulator jointly forms 1 to 4 circulating raceways after the mating of the first ring component and the second ring component; the first ring component, the second ring component, and the blocking component are successively installed from the inside to the outside at both ends of the inner hole of the nut; the blocking component axially limits the ball circulator;

[0007] b. The first annular component has a first ball inlet / outlet and a first ball guiding port, and the second annular component has a second ball inlet / outlet and a second ball guiding port. On the other end face of the first annular component of the ball circulator, there are 1 to 4 corresponding first axial protrusions, and on the step surfaces at both ends of the inner hole of the nut, there are 1 to 4 corresponding second positioning grooves that match the first axial protrusions; each of the first axial protrusions on the two first annular components is respectively clamped on the corresponding second positioning grooves on the step surfaces at both ends of the inner hole of the nut; the 1 to 4 corresponding first ball inlet / outlets on the other end faces of the two first annular components respectively kiss the two end ports of the corresponding 1 to 4 connecting raceways on the nut; each of the first ball inlet / outlets on the first annular component is respectively communicated with the corresponding 1 to 4 second ball inlet / outlets on the second annular component through its inlet / outlet through-hole section; the 1 to 4 corresponding first ball guiding ports on the first annular component are respectively located at the corresponding first axial protrusions, and each of the first ball guiding ports communicates with the corresponding 1 to 4 spiral raceways formed by the cooperation of the lead screw and the nut; at the inlet and outlet of each of the first ball guiding ports on the first annular component, there is also a first scraping blade part, and each first scraping blade part and the first ball guiding port where it is located form an import / export structure for the ball to enter and exit the first ball guiding port. The ball can enter the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways of one end of the ball circulator through the import / export structure, reach the first ball inlet / outlet, enter the corresponding 1 to 4 connecting raceways of the nut, and then enter the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways of the ball circulator at the other end. Or the ball can be exported from the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways of one end of the ball circulator through the import / export structure, reach the corresponding 1 to 4 spiral raceways, and enter the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways of the ball circulator at the other end, forming a set of closed ball circulating systems;

[0008] c ， The circumferential rotation angle of the ball travel of the circulating raceway provided in the ball circulator is ε, and

[0009] When the lead screw and the nut are single-start threads, there is 1 circulating raceway provided in the ball circulator, and the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel of this circulating raceway is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 345°;

[0010] When the lead screw and the nut are double-start threads, there are 2 circulating raceways provided in the ball circulator, and the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel of the 2 circulating raceways is both: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 165°;

[0011] When the lead screw and the nut are triple-threaded, 3 circulation raceways are arranged in the ball circulator, and the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel in the 3 circulation raceways is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 105°;

[0012] When the lead screw and the nut are quadruple-threaded, 4 circulation raceways are arranged in the ball circulator, and the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel in the 4 circulation raceways is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 75°;

[0013] d. The rotational radius of the ball travel of the circulation raceway is a variable R1, and 1 mm ≤ R1 ≤ 30 mm; the rotational radius from the center of the first ball inlet / outlet of the first annular member to the central axis of the ball circulator, that is, the rotational radius from the central axis of the connecting raceway of the nut to the central axis of the nut, is R2, and 1 mm ≤ R2 ≤ 30 mm; the rotational radius from the front end of the first blade part of the import / export structure to the central axis of the first annular member is R3, and 0.6 mm ≤ R3 ≤ 28 mm;

[0014] e. The axial distance of the ball circulator from the inlet / outlet through-hole section of the first ball inlet / outlet of the first annular member is 0.2Ф ≤ J ≤ 5Ф, where Ф is the diameter of the ball; the first axial notch at the first ball inlet / outlet of the first annular member is matched and aligned with the second axial boss at the second ball inlet / outlet of the second annular member; the first axial recess of the first annular member is matched and aligned with the second axial boss of the second annular member.

[0015] Furthermore, the first annular member has 1 to 4 corresponding first radial bosses, the second annular member has 1 to 4 corresponding second radial bosses, the inner hole wall of the nut has 1 to 4 corresponding first positioning grooves, and the first positioning grooves are axial grooves; each first ball inlet / outlet of the first annular member is located at the corresponding first radial boss, each second ball inlet / outlet of the second annular member is located at the corresponding second radial boss, and each pair of adjacent first annular member and second annular member are axially aligned and simultaneously positioned in 1 corresponding first positioning groove on the inner hole wall of the nut.

[0016] Further, when the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball stroke is selected to a suitable angle value within the allowable range and the remaining position on the mating surfaces of the first annular component and the second annular component is allowed after excluding the position of the circulation raceway, a first positioning hole or a first positioning protrusion is provided on the mating surface with the rolling groove on the side of the first annular component in the ball circulator, and a second positioning protrusion or a second positioning hole is provided on the mating surface of the second annular component and the first annular component with the rolling groove on the side, and the first positioning hole or the first positioning protrusion on the first annular component is matched with the second positioning protrusion or the second positioning hole on the second annular component for positioning connection.

[0017] Furthermore, the circulating raceway is a multi-curvature segment raceway, including: section A is the inlet and outlet through-hole section; section B is the arc corner section with a turning angle of 90°±10°; section C is the arc vertical sliding section in which the plane where the motion trajectory line of the ball center in the circulating raceway is located is parallel to the cross-section I of the second annular component or forms an angle θ of 0°<θ≤3°; section D is the arc inclined sliding section in which the plane where the motion trajectory line of the ball center in the circulating raceway is located is parallel to the cross-section I of the second annular component or forms an angle θ of 0°<θ≤3°; section E is the arc inclined sliding section in which the plane where the motion trajectory line of the ball center in the circulating raceway is located is parallel to the cross-section I of the second annular component and forms an angle β of 5°±1° with the cross-section I of the second annular component; section F is the outlet section, which is the arc guide section in which the plane where the motion trajectory line of the ball center in the circulating raceway is located is parallel to the cross-section I of the second annular component and forms an angle δ of 10°±1° with the cross-section I of the second annular component.

[0018] Furthermore, the screw rod and the nut are single-start threads, the circulating raceway is a single-circulation raceway with a large angle, the circumferential rotation angle of the ball stroke of the circulating raceway is ε, and 225°≤ε≤315°, the ball stroke rotation radius of the circulating raceway is a variable R1, and R1=5±1mm; the rotation radius of the center of the first ball inlet and outlet of the first annular component to the central axis of the ball circulator, that is, the rotation radius from the central axis of the connecting raceway of the nut to the central axis of the nut is R2, and R2=5.7±1mm.

[0019] Furthermore, the screw rod and the nut are single-start threads, the circulating raceway is a single-circulation raceway with a small rotation angle, the circumferential rotation angle of the ball travel of the circulating raceway is ε, and 60°≤ε≤120°.

[0020] Furthermore, the two blocking components are retaining springs, which are respectively clamped on the blocking component grooves at both ends of the inner hole wall of the nut to axially limit the second annular components at both ends.

[0021] Furthermore, the nut also has a nut flange for matching and connecting with an external structural member, and a flange hole for facilitating installation and fixation with the external structural member.

[0022] The beneficial effects of the ball screw mechanism adopting the annular mating ball circulator with axial bumps of the present invention are as follows: 1. The ball circulator adopts the annular mating structure with axial bumps. Only by performing die pressing on the first annular component and the second annular component, complex shapes such as the rolling groove, axial bump, axial notch, axial recess, scraper part, first positioning hole or first positioning protrusion of the first annular component, and the rolling groove, axial boss, axial protrusion, second positioning protrusion or second positioning hole of the second annular component can be processed. There is no need to drill a hole for installing the circulator through the wall thickness of the nut, nor is it necessary to process a threaded hole on the nut to fix the circulator with a screw. Relying on the axial bumps of the ball circulator to be clamped on the positioning groove on the step surface of the inner hole of the nut, and the axial notch of the first annular component to be matched and mated with the axial boss of the second annular component, and the first axial recess of the first annular component to be matched and mated with the second axial protrusion of the second annular component, and the axial limit of the ball circulator is carried out by the blocking component, so that the first annular component and the second annular component of the ball circulator will not loosen circumferentially under the condition of frequency vibration, the positioning accuracy of the annular mating ball circulator is high, the production and manufacturing difficulty is reduced, the production and manufacturing efficiency of the nut is high, and the yield rate is high. Therefore, the processing is simple, convenient, with low difficulty and stable structure; 2. The proportion of the load-bearing balls loaded into the nut groove in all the balls is greatly increased, so that the load-bearing capacity can be greatly improved; at the same time, because the ball circulator is arranged at both end faces of the nut, and multiple circulating raceways can be made on the annular mating surface, the displacement speed can be increased and the function of large displacement at low speed can be realized, and a ball screw pair with a small diameter and a large lead and high precision can be produced and manufactured; 3. The circulating raceway in the annular mating ball circulator is a multi-curvature section raceway, which can give the ball enough commutation stroke in the circulator. There is a certain rolling distance between the commutation channels where the ball transitions from the connection channel port of the nut to the circulating raceway of the circulator, and the ball can commutate well, so that the ball rolls smoothly in the commutation position of the circulating raceway of the ball circulator and is not easy to get stuck; 4. The circulator is installed on both end faces of the nut, which not only plays a circulating role, but also can play a good dust-proof role, and there is no need to install dust-proof components; 5. The installation process of the balls of the ball screw mechanism is as follows: first install the circulator and the blocking component on one side of the nut, then install the first annular component of the circulator on the other side of the nut, then screw the screw into the starting position of the thread of the nut, then make the screw vertical, then fill the balls from the side of the later-installed first annular component, then rotate the screw until it is screwed out of the nut end face, then retreat the screw to be lower than the nut end face, fill the balls again from the side of the later-installed first annular component, then rotate the screw until it is screwed out of the nut end face, and then install the second annular component and the blocking component on the other side of the nut, that is, the installation of the ball screw mechanism is completed. Not only is there no need for dust-proof components, but also this assembly method is convenient and efficient for assembly. Description of the Drawings

[0023] Figure 1It is a schematic structural diagram of the ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 2A It is a schematic structural diagram of the ball circulator structure of the ball screw mechanism of the present invention and the structure after removing the balls;

[0025] Figure 2B It is a schematic structural diagram of the ball distribution in the spiral raceway and ball channel of the ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3A It is a right view structural diagram of the first annular component of the single-start thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3B It is a front view structural diagram of the first annular component of the single-start thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 3C It is Figure 3B The left view structural diagram of the first annular component shown;

[0029] Figure 3D It is Figure 3B The three-dimensional perspective structural diagram of the first position of the first annular component shown;

[0030] Figure 3E It is Figure 3B The three-dimensional perspective structural diagram of the second position of the first annular component shown;

[0031] Figure 4A It is a left view structural diagram of the second annular component of the single-start thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4B It is a front view structural diagram of the second annular component of the single-start thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4C It is Figure 4B The right view structural diagram of the first annular component shown;

[0034] Figure 4D It is Figure 4B The three-dimensional perspective structural diagram of the first position of the first annular component shown;

[0035] Figure 5A It is a sectional structural diagram of the first annular component of the single-start thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5B It is a front view structural diagram of the ball circulator of the single-start thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6AIt is a right view structural schematic diagram of the nut of the ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 6B It is a front view sectional structural schematic diagram of the nut of the ball screw mechanism of the present invention along the H-H plane;

[0039] Figure 6C It is Figure 6B a left view structural schematic diagram of the shown nut;

[0040] Figure 6D It is Figure 6B a three-dimensional perspective structural schematic diagram of the shown nut at the first position;

[0041] Figure 6E It is Figure 6B a three-dimensional perspective structural schematic diagram of the shown nut at the second position;

[0042] Figure 7A It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the first annular component of the double-thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0043] Figure 7B It is Figure 7A a three-dimensional perspective structural schematic diagram of the shown first annular component at the first position;

[0044] Figure 7C It is Figure 7A a rear view structural schematic diagram of the shown first annular component;

[0045] Figure 7D It is Figure 7A a three-dimensional perspective structural schematic diagram of the shown first annular component at the second position;

[0046] Figure 7E It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the second annular component of the double-thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0047] Figure 7F It is Figure 7E a left view structural schematic diagram of the shown second annular component;

[0048] Figure 7G It is Figure 7E a rear view structural schematic diagram of the shown second annular component;

[0049] Figure 7H It is Figure 7E a three-dimensional perspective structural schematic diagram of the shown second annular component at the first position;

[0050] Figure 8A It is a front view structural schematic diagram of the first annular component of the triple-thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 8B It is Figure 8AA schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first annular component in the first position;

[0052] Figure 8C yes Figure 8A A schematic rear structural diagram of the first annular component shown;

[0053] Figure 8D yes Figure 8A A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first annular component in the second position;

[0054] Figure 8E It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the second annular component of the three-start thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0055] Figure 8F yes Figure 8E A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second annular component in the first position is shown;

[0056] Figure 8G yes Figure 8E A schematic rear structural diagram of the second annular component shown;

[0057] Figure 8H yes Figure 8E A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second annular component in the second position;

[0058] Figure 9A It is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the first annular component of the four-start thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0059] Figure 9B yes Figure 9A A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first annular component in the first position;

[0060] Figure 9C yes Figure 9A A schematic rear structural diagram of the first annular component shown;

[0061] Figure 9D yes Figure 9A A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the first annular component in the second position;

[0062] Figure 9E This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the second annular component of the four-start thread ball screw mechanism of the present invention;

[0063] Figure 9F yes Figure 9E A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the second annular component in the first position is shown;

[0064] Figure 9G yes Figure 9E A schematic rear structural diagram of the second annular component shown;

[0065] Figure 9H Yes Figure 9E Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional perspective structure of the second position of the second annular component shown;

[0066] In the figure: lead screw 1, spiral raceway 11; nut 2, first positioning groove 21, step surface 23, second positioning groove 24, connecting raceway 25, blocking component slot 26, nut flange 27, flange hole 271; ball 3, circulating raceway 31; first annular component 4, first radial boss 41, first axial notch 411, first axial recess 42, first positioning hole 43, first axial protrusion 44, first scraping part 441, first ball inlet / outlet 45, first ball guiding port 46; second annular component 5, second radial boss 51, second axial boss 511, second axial protrusion 52, second positioning protrusion 53, second ball inlet / outlet 55, second ball guiding port 56; blocking component 6. Specific embodiments

[0067] Next, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention.

[0068] As Figure 1 , Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figures 3A to 3E , Figures 4A to 4D , Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figures 6A to 6E , Figures 7A to 7H , Figures 8A to 8H , Figures 9A to 9H shown, a ball screw mechanism of a ball circulating device with axially convex block annular mating type, comprising: a lead screw 1, a nut 2, a ball 3 and two ball circulating devices and their blocking components 6 respectively arranged at both ends of the inner hole of the nut 2. The nut 2 and the ball circulating devices and their blocking components 6 are detachably installed as a whole. The lead screw 1 and the nut 2 cooperate to jointly form a spiral raceway 11 for the ball 3 to roll. The ball circulating device has a circulating raceway 31. The inner wall thickness of the nut 2 has a connecting raceway 25 for the ball 3 to enter and exit the circulating raceways 31 of the two ball circulating devices at both ends. The ball 3 circulates reciprocally between the spiral raceway 11 formed by the lead screw 1 and the nut 2, the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulating device and the connecting raceway 25 of the nut 2. The improvements are as follows:

[0069] a, as Figure 1 , Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 3A , Figure 3D , Figures 4B to 4D , Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figure 6B , Figure 7A , Figure 7E ,Figure 8A , Figure 8E , Figure 9A , Figure 9E As shown in Figure 8A , Figure 8E , Figure 9A and Figure 9E , the ball circulator is an annular mating type ball circulator, which is formed by the mating of the first annular component 4 and the second annular component 5. The annular mating surface on the mating side of the first annular component 4 has a rolling groove of the circulating raceway 31, and the annular mating surface on the mating side of the second annular component 5 also has a rolling groove of the circulating raceway 31. The circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator is jointly formed by the mating of the first annular component 4 and the second annular component 5 to form 1 to 4 of the said circulating raceways 31; at both ends of the inner hole of the nut 2, the first annular component 4, the second annular component 5 and the blocking component 6 are successively installed from the inside out; the blocking component 6 axially limits the ball circulator.

[0070] The ball circulator adopts an annular mating structure, and the overall outer contour of its structure can be consistent with the stepped surface 23 and the inner wall surface of the inner hole of the nut 2 to achieve the convenience of installing the ball circulator. At the same time, by adopting the mutual mating of the first annular component 4 and the second annular component 5 and jointly forming the circulating raceway 31, the rolling grooves of such a circulating raceway 31 are respectively arranged on the first annular component 4 and the second annular component 5, which is convenient for the production and manufacture of the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator, and is beneficial to the precise smoothness and fluency of the rolling grooves of the circulating raceway 31 through which the balls roll in the open state. Compared with the mating type ball circulator in the prior art, it is not necessary to break through the wall thickness of the nut to make the wall hole for installing the circulator, and it is not necessary to machine threaded holes on the nut to fix the circulator with screws, but the blocking component 6 axially limits the ball circulator, and the processing is simple and convenient and the structure is stable.

[0071] b, as shown in Figures 3A to 3E , Figures 4B to 4D , Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figures 6A to 6E , Figures 7A to 7H , Figures 8A to 8H , Figures 9A to 9HAs shown, the first annular member 4 has a first ball inlet / outlet 45 and a first ball guiding port 46, and the second annular member 5 has a second ball inlet / outlet 55 and a second ball guiding port 56. On the other end face of the first annular member 4 of the ball circulator, there are 1 to 4 corresponding first axial protrusions 44. On the stepped surfaces 23 at both ends of the inner hole of the nut 2, there are 1 to 4 corresponding second positioning grooves 24 that match the first axial protrusions 44; each of the first axial protrusions 44 on the two first annular members 4 is respectively clamped on the corresponding second positioning grooves 24 on the stepped surfaces 23 at both ends of the inner hole of the nut 2; the 1 to 4 corresponding first ball inlet / outlets 45 on the other end faces of the two first annular members 4 respectively kiss the two end ports of the corresponding 1 to 4 connecting raceways 25 on the nut 2; each of the first ball inlet / outlets 45 on the first annular member 4 is respectively communicated with the corresponding 1 to 4 second ball inlet / outlets 55 on the second annular member 5 through its inlet / outlet through-hole section; the 1 to 4 corresponding first ball guiding ports 46 on the first annular member 4 are respectively located at the corresponding first axial protrusions 44, and each of the first ball guiding ports 46 communicates with the corresponding 1 to 4 spiral raceways 11 formed by the cooperation of the lead screw 1 and the nut 2; at the entrance and exit of each of the first ball guiding ports 46 on the first annular member 4, there is a first scraping portion 441, and each of the first scraping portions 441 and the first ball guiding port 46 where it is located form an inlet / export structure for the ball 3 to enter and exit the first ball guiding port 46. The ball 3 can enter the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways 31 of one end of the ball circulator through the inlet / export structure, reach the first ball inlet / outlet 45, and enter the corresponding 1 to 4 connecting raceways 25 of the nut 2, and then enter the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways 31 of the ball circulator at the other end. Or the ball 3 can exit the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways 31 of one end of the ball circulator through the inlet / export structure, reach the corresponding 1 to 4 spiral raceways 11, and enter the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways 31 of the ball circulator at the other end, forming a set of closed ball circulation systems.

[0072] By providing a first axial projection 44 on the other end face of the first annular member 4 of the ball circulator, and providing second positioning grooves 24 for positioning with the first axial projection 44 of the first annular member 4 on the step surfaces 23 at both ends of the inner hole of the nut 2, the circumferential rotation of the ball circulator can be effectively restricted, and the ball circulator can be axially positioned. At the same time, the first axial projections 44 of the two first annular members 4 are circumferentially positioned through the second positioning grooves 24, which can well ensure the consistency of the installation positions of the two first annular members 4, so that both ends of the connecting raceway 25 of the nut 2 can accurately match the positions of the first ball inlets and outlets 45 of the two first annular members 4 at the same time, ensuring that the balls 3 do not jam when entering and exiting from the first ball inlets and outlets 45 of any one of the first annular members 4 to the connecting raceway 25 on the nut 2, and also ensuring the structural stability. At the same time, as Figure 3A , Figure 3C , Figure 3D , Figure 3E , Figure 5A , Figures 7A to 7D , Figure 8A , Figure 8B , Figure 9A , Figure 9BAs shown, the first blade part 441 of the first ball guide port 46 has a blade-like structure. The first blade part 441 is located inside the first ball guide port 46 near the center of the lead screw 2. The radius of gyration of the inner end of the first blade part 441 of the import and export structure of the first annular member 4 is R3, and R3 is smaller than the radius of the lead screw 2. Thus, the first blade part 441 is arranged in a state of being inserted into the thread groove of the lead screw 2 in the axial projection plane. Such a setting of the radius of gyration enables the first blade part 441 to closely adhere to the bottom of the spiral raceway 1 of the lead screw 2 and can conveniently import and export the balls located in the spiral raceway 11 into and out of the ball circulator. When the balls need to be imported into the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator, the balls roll in the spiral raceway 11. Due to the small radius of gyration of the first blade part 441 and its tendency to bend inward, the balls will preferentially break away from the spiral raceway 11 under the action of the first blade part 441. Under the action of the first blade part 441, the balls are shoveled up by the blade-like first blade part 441 and imported into the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator. Similarly, when the balls need to be exported from the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator, under the action of the first blade part 441, the balls can smoothly enter the spiral raceway 11 and will not break away from the spiral raceway 11. Such a structural setting of the first blade part 441 is more conducive to smoothly shoveling up the balls located in the spiral raceway 11 of the lead screw 2 and importing them into the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator, enabling the balls 3 to smoothly enter and exit the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator from the spiral raceway 11 of the lead screw 2 under the action of the first blade part 441 with import and export functions. The balls 3 will not get stuck, which is not only convenient for improving the stability of guiding the balls out of the spiral raceway of the lead screw 11 but also makes the processing and assembly of the ball circulator simpler and more convenient compared to the method of wall thickness perforation. At the same time, the multi-channel ball screw can improve the transmission efficiency, increase the displacement speed, and can achieve the function of large displacement at low speed. Moreover, the ball circulator is installed at both ends of the inner hole of the nut, which not only plays a circulating role but also can play a good dust-proof role.

[0073] c, as Figure 3A 、 Figure 3D 、 Figure 4C 、 Figure 4D 、 Figure 5A 、 Figure 5B 、 Figure 6B 、 Figure 7A 、 Figure 7B 、 Figure 8A 、 Figure 9A As shown, the circumferential rotation angle of the ball travel of the circulating raceway 31 provided in the ball circulator is ε, and

[0074] When the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are single-start threads, a single-loop raceway 31 is provided inside the ball circulator. The circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel in this loop raceway 31 is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 345°. On the other end face of the first annular member 4 of the ball circulator, there is 1 first axial projection 44, and on the step surfaces 23 at both ends of the inner hole of the nut 2, there is 1 second positioning groove 24 that matches the first axial projection 44 (see Figure 6B ).

[0075] When the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are double-start threads, a double-loop raceway 31 is provided inside the ball circulator. The circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel in both loop raceways 31 is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 165°. On the other end face of the first annular member 4 of the ball circulator, there are 2 first axial projections 44, and on the step surfaces 23 at both ends of the inner hole of the nut 2, there are 2 second positioning grooves 24 that match the first axial projections 44 (the 2 second positioning grooves are not shown in the figure, see Figure 6B ).

[0076] When the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are triple-start threads, three loop raceways 31 are provided inside the ball circulator. The circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel in all three loop raceways 31 is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 105°. On the other end face of the first annular member 4 of the ball circulator, there are 3 first axial projections 44, and on the step surfaces 23 at both ends of the inner hole of the nut 2, there are 3 second positioning grooves 24 that match the first axial projections 44 (the 3 second positioning grooves are not shown in the figure, see Figure 6B ).

[0077] When the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are quadruple-start threads, four loop raceways 31 are provided inside the ball circulator. The circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel in all four loop raceways 31 is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 75°. On the other end face of the first annular member 4 of the ball circulator, there are 4 first axial projections 44, and on the step surfaces 23 at both ends of the inner hole of the nut 2, there are 4 second positioning grooves 24 that match the first axial projections 44 (the 4 second positioning grooves are not shown in the figure, see Figure 6B ).

[0078] First, when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are single-start threads, in the annular mating type ball circulator, if ε is less than 15°, it will cause the loop raceway 31 to be shorter, which is not conducive to the ball in the loop raceway 31 to change direction. If ε is greater than 345°, it will cause the import and export structure of the first ball guide port 46 of the first annular member 4 of the ball circulator to interfere with the position of the first ball inlet and outlet 45 structure, so the position is restricted;

[0079] When the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are double - start threads, in the annular mating type ball circulator, if ε is less than 15°, it will cause the circulating raceway 31 to be shorter, which is not conducive to the ball commutation in the circulating raceway 31. If ε is greater than 165°, it will cause the import - export structure of the first ball guide port 46 of the first annular component 4 of the ball circulator to interfere with the position of the first ball inlet - outlet 45 structure, so its position is restricted.

[0080] When the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are triple - start threads, in the annular mating type ball circulator, if ε is less than 15°, it will cause the circulating raceway 31 to be shorter, which is not conducive to the ball commutation in the circulating raceway 31. If ε is greater than 105°, it will cause the import - export structure of the first ball guide port 46 of the first annular component 4 of the ball circulator to interfere with the position of the first ball inlet - outlet 45 structure, so its position is restricted.

[0081] When the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are quadruple - start threads, in the annular mating type ball circulator, if ε is less than 15°, it will cause the circulating raceway 31 to be shorter, which is not conducive to the ball commutation in the circulating raceway 31. If ε is greater than 75°, it will cause the import - export structure of the first ball guide port 46 of the first annular component 4 of the ball circulator to interfere with the position of the first ball inlet - outlet 45 structure, so its position is restricted.

[0082] Secondly, in the annular mating type ball circulator, the set circulating raceway is a multi - curvature section type raceway, which can give the ball sufficient commutation stroke in the circulator. It can not only make the ball roll easily and smoothly without easy jamming, but also the open raceway groove can be processed by die - pressing, making the processing simpler and more convenient. At the same time, when the length of the nut in the ball screw mechanism remains constant, when the lead screw and the nut are double - start, the load - bearing capacity of the nut is increased several times compared with when the lead screw and the nut are single - start, thus improving the load - bearing capacity.

[0083] d, as Figure 3A 、 Figure 5A 、 Figure 5B 、 Figure 6B 、 Figure 7A 、 Figure 8A 、 Figure 9A As shown, the radius of gyration of the axial projection line of the movement track line of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 on the cross - section I of the second annular component 5, that is, the radius of gyration of the ball stroke of the circulating raceway 31, is the variable R1, and 1mm ≤ R1 ≤ 30mm; the radius of gyration of the center of the first ball inlet - outlet 45 of the first annular component 4 to the central axis of the ball circulator, that is, the radius of gyration of the central axis of the connecting raceway 25 of the nut 2 to the central axis of the nut 2, is R2, and 1mm ≤ R2 ≤ 30mm; the radius of gyration of the front end of the first scraper part of the import - export structure to the central axis of the first annular component is R3, and 0.6mm ≤ R3 ≤ 28mm.

[0084] In a ring-type mating ball circulator, the radius of gyration of the axial projection line of the movement locus line of the balls 3 in the circulating raceway 31 on the cross-section I of the second ring-shaped member 5, that is, the radius of gyration of the ball travel of the circulating raceway 31, is the variable R1. The radius of gyration of the center of the first ball inlet / outlet 45 of the first ring-shaped member 4 to the central axis of the ball circulator, that is, the radius of gyration of the central axis of the connecting raceway 25 of the nut 2 to the central axis of the nut 2, is R2. By adopting different radii of gyration, it is applicable to the mating ball screw, which can facilitate the smoother rolling of the balls 3 in the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator. The radius of gyration R1 determines the smoothness of the balls 3 being introduced into and exported from the connecting raceway 25 to the circulating raceway 31. The connection between the radius of gyration R2 and the radius of gyration R1 enables the balls 3 to have sufficient commutation space when being introduced into and exported from the connecting raceway 25 to the circulating raceway 31 and can also smoothly perform the rolling transition, facilitating the commutation of the balls 3 in the circulating raceway 31. By adopting different radii of gyration, it is applicable to the ring-type mating ball circulator, which can facilitate the smoother rolling of the balls in the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator.

[0085] e, such as Figure 3A , Figure 3D , Figure 4C , Figure 4B , Figure 5A , Figure 5B , Figures 7A to 7H , Figure 8A , Figure 8B , Figure 9A , Figure 9B As shown, the axial distance of the inlet / outlet through-hole section of the first ball inlet / outlet 45 of the first ring-shaped member 4 of the ball circulator is 0.2Ф ≤ J ≤ 5Ф, where Ф is the diameter of the balls 3; the first axial notch 411 at the first ball inlet / outlet 45 of the first ring-shaped member 4 is in mating alignment with the second axial boss 511 at the second ball inlet / outlet 55 of the second ring-shaped member 5; the first axial recess 42 of the first ring-shaped member 4 is in mating alignment with the second axial boss 52 of the second ring-shaped member 5.

[0086] By setting the axial distance J of the inlet and outlet through-hole section of the first ball inlet and outlet 45 of the first annular component 4 to be greater than or equal to the diameter Ф of 0.2 balls 3 and less than or equal to the diameter Ф of 5 balls 3, the balls 3 entering the inlet and outlet through-hole section of the first ball inlet and outlet 45 of the first annular component 4 of the ball circulator can have a space that is conducive to the rolling of the balls 3. This space can facilitate the balls 3 to achieve a buffered transition when rolling from the port of the connecting raceway 25 to the reversing channel of the circulation raceway 31 instead of a direct transition. The balls will not be stuck when rolling at or near the junction of the connecting raceway 25 and the circulation raceway 31 due to the excessively short axial distance J. The setting of the axial distance J gives the balls 3 enough space to enter the reversing channel of the ball circulator, and can ensure that after the balls 3 enter the space of the ball circulator, they can conveniently turn to the reversing channel and roll smoothly. Compared with the structure in the prior art where the ball 3 directly transitions to the reversing channel after entering the ball circulator, which easily causes the ball 3 to be stuck at the port of the ball circulator, the setting of the axial distance J of the present ball screw mechanism effectively solves the problem of ball 3 being stuck in the ball circulator structure, so that the ball 3 can be smoothly introduced into and exported from the connecting raceway 25 to the circulating raceway 31, and the ball will not be stuck during this process.

[0087] like Figures 3A to 3E 、 Figures 4A to 4D 、 Figure 5A 、 Figure 5B 、 Figures 6A to 6E ,as well as Figures 7A to 7H 、 Figures 8A to 8H 、 Figures 9A to 9H As shown, the first annular component 4 has corresponding 1-4 first radial bosses 41, the second annular component 5 has corresponding 1-4 second radial bosses 51, and the inner hole wall of the nut 2 has corresponding 1-4 first positioning grooves 21, and the first positioning grooves 21 are axial grooves; the first ball inlets and outlets 45 of the first annular component 4 are respectively located at the corresponding first radial bosses 41, and the second ball inlets and outlets 55 of the second annular component 5 are respectively located at the corresponding second radial bosses 51, and each pair of adjacent first annular components 4 and second annular components 5 are axially matched and simultaneously positioned in a corresponding first positioning groove 21 of the inner hole wall of the nut 2.

[0088] When the ball circulator is a circulating raceway 31, the first annular component 4 has a first radial boss 41, the second annular component 5 has a second radial boss 51, the first ball inlet and outlet 45 of the first annular component 4 is located at the first radial boss 41, and the second ball inlet and outlet 55 of the second annular component 5 is located at the second radial boss 51. The pair of adjacent first radial bosses 41 and second radial bosses 51 are axially aligned and simultaneously positioned in a first positioning groove 21 of the inner hole wall of the nut 2;

[0089] As Figure 1 , Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figures 7A to 7H shown, when the ball circulator has two circulating raceways 31, the first annular member 4 has two first radial bosses 41, the second annular member 5 has two second radial bosses 51, the two first ball inlets and outlets 45 of the first annular member 4 are respectively located at the corresponding two first radial bosses 41, the two second ball inlets and outlets 55 of the second annular member 5 are respectively located at the corresponding two second radial bosses 51, and each pair of adjacent first radial bosses 41 and second radial bosses 51 are axially aligned and simultaneously positioned within a corresponding one of the first positioning grooves 21 on the inner hole wall of the nut 2;

[0090] As Figure 1 , Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figures 8A to 8H shown, when the ball circulator has three circulating raceways 31, the first annular member 4 has three first radial bosses 41, the second annular member 5 has three second radial bosses 51, the three first ball inlets and outlets 45 of the first annular member 4 are respectively located at the corresponding three first radial bosses 41, the three second ball inlets and outlets 55 of the second annular member 5 are respectively located at the corresponding three second radial bosses 51, and each pair of adjacent first radial bosses 41 and second radial bosses 51 are axially aligned and simultaneously positioned within a corresponding one of the first positioning grooves 21 on the inner hole wall of the nut 2;

[0091] As Figure 1 , Figure 2A , Figure 2B , Figure 6A , Figure 6B , Figures 9A to 9H shown, when the ball circulator has four circulating raceways 31, the first annular member 4 has four first radial bosses 41, the second annular member 5 has four second radial bosses 51, the four first ball inlets and outlets 45 of the first annular member 4 are respectively located at the corresponding four first radial bosses 41, the four second ball inlets and outlets 55 of the second annular member 5 are respectively located at the corresponding four second radial bosses 51, and each pair of adjacent first radial bosses 41 and second radial bosses 51 are axially aligned and simultaneously positioned within a corresponding one of the first positioning grooves 21 on the inner hole wall of the nut 2.

[0092] At both ends of the inner wall of the nut 2 in some structures, there may also be a first positioning groove 21 for position-limiting with the first radial boss 41 of the first annular component 4, so as to realize the positioning of the first radial boss 41 and the first axial boss 44 of the first annular component 4 by the nut 2 at the same time, greatly increasing the structural stability of the positioning of the first annular component 4. Among them, the first axial boss 44 is positioned in the second positioning groove 24 on the step surface 23 of the inner hole of the nut 2, the other end face of the first radial boss 41 is in contact with the bottom of the first positioning groove 21 of the nut 2, and the first positioning groove 21 has a groove-shaped structure that is mutually matched and profiled with the first radial boss 41, so as to facilitate the circumferential positioning of the first radial boss 41 in the first positioning groove 21 better. And because the first positioning groove 21 is an axial groove, it is also convenient for the quick alignment and installation of the first radial boss 41 of the first annular component 4 and the second radial boss 51 of the second annular component 5, making the installation of the ball circulator simple, fast and convenient. At the same time, by positioning the first radial boss 41 of the first annular component 4 and the second radial boss 51 of the second annular component 5 of the ball circulator in the first positioning groove 21 in the axial direction of the nut 2 at the same time, the first annular component 4 and the second annular component 5 can have a high degree of mating and matching, which can effectively improve the matching degree of the first annular component 4 and the second annular component 5, so that when the first annular component 4 and the second annular component 5 are installed, their projections in the axial direction of the lead screw 1 coincide. A high matching coincidence degree can effectively ensure the consistency of the circulating raceway 31. The circulating raceway 31 will be smooth and unobstructed when the balls are introduced and exported in the circulating raceway 31 because the installation matching degree of the first annular component 4 and the second annular component 5 is high.

[0093] Such as Figure 3A , Figure 3B , Figure 3D , Figure 4B , Figure 4C , Figure 4D , ​As shown, when a suitable angular value is selected for the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball stroke within the allowable range and the remaining positions are allowed after removing the position of the circulating raceway 31 on the mating surface of the first annular member 4 and the second annular member 5, a first positioning hole 43 or a first positioning protrusion is provided on the mating surface of the first annular member 4 on the side with the rolling groove, and a second positioning protrusion 53 or a second positioning hole is provided on the mating surface of the second annular member 5 on the side with the rolling groove. The first positioning hole 43 or the first positioning protrusion on the first annular member 4 is in matching positioning connection with the second positioning protrusion 53 or the second positioning hole on the second annular member 5. That is to say, when the same ε angular value is selected for the ball circulator, the remaining position of the ball circulator with a larger diameter is larger than that of the ball circulator with a smaller diameter, and there is more room for setting the first positioning hole 43 and the second positioning protrusion 53. When the same diameter is selected for the ball circulator, the remaining position of the one with an ε angular value not close to the upper limit value of the ε angle is larger than that of the one close to the upper limit value of the ε angle, and there is more room for setting the first positioning hole 43 and the second positioning protrusion 53. At this time, there will be room for setting the first positioning hole 43 and the second positioning protrusion 53 on the mating surface of the first annular member 4 and the second annular member 5 without interference.

[0094] The ball circulator forms a pin hole fit by matching the first positioning concave hole 43 with the second positioning protrusion 53. At the same time, the first axial notch 411 and the first axial recess 42 on the first annular member 4 are respectively in matching alignment with the second axial boss 511 and the second axial protrusion 52 on the second annular member 5 to achieve three-way simultaneous matching. This can better circumferentially position the first annular member 4 and the second annular member 5, ensure the smooth connection between the first ball inlet / outlet 45 of the first annular member 4 and the connection raceway 25 port of the nut 2 on one side and the second ball inlet / outlet 55 of the second annular member 5 on the other side, and can effectively improve the matching degree of the first annular member 4 and the second annular member 5, so that when the first annular member 4 and the second annular member 5 are installed, their projections on the axial direction of the lead screw 1 coincide. A high matching coincidence degree can effectively ensure the consistency of the circulating raceway 31. The circulating raceway 31 will not cause the balls to be blocked when being introduced into and exported from the circulating raceway 31 due to the installation matching error between the first annular member 4 and the second annular member 5, so that the balls 3 can roll smoothly in the circulating raceway 31 without being blocked;

[0095] Or in some other embodiments, the ball circulator does not form a pin hole fit by matching the first positioning concave hole 43 with the second positioning protrusion 53, but only uses the first axial notch 411 and the first axial recess 42 of the first annular member 4 to be respectively in matching alignment with the second axial boss 511 and the second axial protrusion 52 on the second annular member 5 to achieve two-way simultaneous matching. These two structures of two-way simultaneous matching can also achieve the good effects of the above three-way simultaneous matching.

[0096] As ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ , ​ , as shown, the circulating raceway 31 is a multi-curvature section type raceway, including: section A is an entrance and exit through-hole section; section B is an arc corner section with a 90° ± 10° corner; section C is an arc vertical sliding section where the plane where the movement track line of the center of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 is parallel to or forms an included angle θ of 0° < θ ≤ 3° with the cross-section I of the second annular member 5; section D is an arc inclined sliding section where the plane where the movement track line of the center of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 forms an included angle β of 5° ± 1° with the cross-section I of the second annular member 5; section E is an arc inclined sliding section where the plane where the movement track line of the center of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 forms an included angle γ of 45° ± 20° with the cross-section I of the second annular member 5; section F is an exit section, which is an arc guiding section where the plane where the movement track line of the center of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 forms an included angle δ of 10° ± 1° with the cross-section I of the second annular member 5.

[0097] For the circulator of the annular mating ball screw mechanism, the internally provided circulating raceway 31 is a multi-curvature section type raceway, which can enable the ball 3 to have sufficient space position for commutation after entering the circulating raceway 31 from the spiral raceway 11 and enter the connecting raceway 25, and can give the ball sufficient commutation stroke in the circulator, making the ball roll smoothly and easily without jamming. In this embodiment, the multi-curvature section type raceway has six sections A, B, C, D, E, and F. Similarly, in some other embodiments, when it is necessary to have sections A and F, the multi-curvature section type raceway can also have only any one of sections B, C, D, and E, so that the ball can roll smoothly in the circulating raceway 31 without jamming;

[0098] Or in some other embodiments, when it is necessary to have sections A and F, the multi-curvature section type raceway can also have only any combination of several of sections B, C, D, and E, so that the ball can roll smoothly in the circulating raceway 31 without jamming;

[0099] Or in some other embodiments, when it is necessary to have sections A and F, the included angle formed by any one or more of sections B, C, D, and E in the multi-curvature section type raceway with the cross-section I is 0°, so that the ball can roll smoothly and quickly in the circulating raceway 31 without jamming.

[0100] As ​ , ​ ,​ , ​ As shown, in the ring-type mating ball circulator, when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are single-start threads, 1 such circulating raceway 31 is provided in the ball circulator. The circulating raceway 31 is a single-circulation raceway. In practice, the central angle of the axial projection of the ball travel of the circulating raceway on the cross-section I of the second annular member 5, that is, the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel of the circulating raceway 31, can be selected in the range of 15° ≤ ε ≤ 345°. However, if a single-circulation raceway with a large rotation angle is adopted, generally 225° ≤ ε ≤ 315° is selected. The radius of gyration of the motion trajectory line of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 on the axial projection of the cross-section I of the second annular member 5, that is, the radius of gyration of the ball travel of the circulating raceway 31, is the variable R1, and R1 = 5 ± 1 mm; the radius of gyration of the center of the first ball inlet / outlet 45 of the first annular member 4 to the central axis of the ball circulator, that is, the radius of gyration of the central axis of the connecting raceway 25 of the nut 2 to the central axis of the nut 2, is R2, and R2 = 5.7 ± 1 mm. In the vertical sliding section of the C-section arc of the circulating raceway 31, the central angle of the axial projection line of the motion trajectory line of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 on the cross-section I of the second annular member 5 is C, and 60° ≤ C ≤ 80°; in the inclined sliding section of the D-section arc of the circulating raceway 31, the central angle of the axial projection line of the motion trajectory line of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 on the cross-section I of the second annular member 5 is D, and 80° ≤ D ≤ 110°.

[0101] In a ring-type mating ball circulator, when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 have single-start threads, the radius of gyration of the axial projection of the movement locus line of the balls 3 in the circulating raceway 31 on the cross-section I of the second annular member 5, that is, the radius of gyration of the ball stroke in the circulating raceway 31, is a variable R1. Also, the setting of the radius of gyration from the center of the first ball inlet / outlet 45 of the first annular member 4 to the central axis of the ball circulator, that is, the radius of gyration from the central axis of the connecting raceway 25 of the nut 2 to the central axis of the nut 2, R2, can also well ensure the smooth rolling of the balls when they enter the circulating raceway 31 from the connecting raceway 25 until they enter the spiral raceway 11, or when the balls enter the connecting raceway 25 from the spiral raceway 11 until they enter the circulating raceway 31. The radius of gyration of the axial projection line of the movement locus line of the balls 3 in the circulating raceway 31 on the cross-section I of the second annular member 5, that is, the radius of gyration of the ball stroke in the circulating raceway 31, is a variable R1. The radius of gyration from the center of the first ball inlet / outlet 45 of the first annular member 4 to the central axis of the ball circulator, that is, the radius of gyration from the central axis of the connecting raceway 25 of the nut 2 to the central axis of the nut 2, is R2. The radius of gyration from the front end of the first shovel part 441 of the caliber of the import / export structure to the central axis of the first annular member 4 is R3. There is always a relationship of R2≥R1>R3 among the three. The three radii of gyration have a gradually decreasing trend. The radius of gyration R2 determines the position of the center of the first ball inlet / outlet 45 of the first annular member 4 in the ball circulator, that is, the position of the connecting raceway 25 of the nut 2. The radius of gyration R1 determines the stroke locus of the balls 3 after they enter the circulating raceway 31. By adopting the variable radius of gyration R1, the balls can smoothly roll in and out of the circulating raceway 31 of the circulator, avoiding and overcoming the jamming of the balls in the ball circulator. When the balls are imported into and exported from the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator, there can be sufficient angular stroke. At the same time, the smooth transition and gradual decrease of the radius of gyration can avoid and overcome the jamming of the balls in the ball circulator, and can also more conveniently and accurately make the balls enter the spiral raceway 11 of the lead screw 1 from the circulating raceway 31.

[0102] As ​ shown, the circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator is a single circulating raceway. In this case, for a single-start lead screw 1 that meets the load-bearing capacity, the lead screw 1 can be made the shortest. At the same time, the external shape structure of the ball circulator is simple and convenient for processing. By reasonably setting the angular limits of the central angles C and D of the axial projection line on the cross-section I, it is beneficial to lengthen the circulating balls within the limited volume space of the ball circulator, and can also effectively increase the commutation space of the balls in the circulating raceway 31, without causing the balls to jam in the circulating raceway 31.

[0103] As ​ 、 ​ 、 ​ 、​ As shown, in the ring-type mating ball circulator, when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are single-start threads, 1 circulating raceway 31 is provided in the ball circulator. The circulating raceway 31 is a single-circulating raceway. In practice, the central angle of the axial projection of the ball travel of the circulating raceway on the cross-section I of the second annular member 5, that is, the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel of the circulating raceway 31, can be selected in the range of 15° ≤ ε ≤ 345°. However, if a single-circulating raceway with a small rotation angle is adopted, generally 60° ≤ ε ≤ 120° is selected. In the C-section arc vertical sliding section of the circulating raceway 31, the central angle of the axial projection line of the movement track line of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 on the cross-section I of the second annular member 5 is C, and 0° ≤ C ≤ 20°. In the D-section arc inclined sliding section of the circulating raceway 31, the central angle of the axial projection line of the movement track line of the ball 3 in the circulating raceway 31 on the cross-section I of the second annular member 5 is D, and 0° ≤ D ≤ 20°.

[0104] In the ring-type mating ball circulator, within the optional range of 15° ≤ ε ≤ 345° of the single-circulating raceway, if ε is less than 15°, it will cause the circulating raceway 31 to be shorter, which is not conducive to the ball in the circulating raceway 31 to change direction. If ε is greater than 345°, it will cause the import and export structure of the first ball guide port 46 of the first annular member 4 of the ball circulator to interfere with the position of the first ball inlet and outlet 45 structure, so it is restricted. When a large rotation angle of the single-circulating raceway of 225° ≤ ε ≤ 315° and a small rotation angle of the single-circulating raceway of 60° ≤ ε ≤ 120° as above are selected, there are remaining positions to set 1 - 3 pairs of first positioning holes 43 or first positioning protrusions on the ring mating surface of the first annular member 4 and the second annular member 5 as needed to be matched and positioned with the corresponding second positioning protrusions 53 or second positioning holes, so as to further strengthen the structural stability of the mating state between the first annular member 4 and the second annular member 5, and facilitate the quick assembly and mating of the first annular member 4 and the second annular member 5, improving the efficiency of the assembly work.

[0105] As ​ shown ​ As shown, when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are double-start threads, 2 circulating raceways 31 are provided in the ball circulator. The circulating raceways 31 are double-circulating raceways. In practice, the central angle of the axial projection of the ball travel of the circulating raceway on the cross-section I of the second annular member 5, that is, the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel of the circulating raceway 31, can be selected in the range of 15° ≤ ε ≤ 165°. In practice, 15° ≤ ε ≤ 85° or 95° ≤ ε ≤ 165° is also often selected.

[0106] In a ring involute ball circulator, when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are double-threaded, if ε is less than 15°, it will cause the circulating raceway 31 to be shorter, which is not conducive to the commutation of the balls in the circulating raceway 31. If ε is greater than 165°, it will cause the import and export structure of the first ball guiding port 46 of the first annular component 4 of the ball circulator to interfere with the position of the first ball inlet and outlet 45 structure, so it is restricted.

[0107] The circulating raceway 31 of the ball circulator can be one or two. That is, in the involute ball circulator, when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are single-threaded, one circulating raceway 31 is arranged in the ball circulator; when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are double-threaded, two circulating raceways 31 are arranged in the ball circulator. The ball circulator can be used for lead screws 1 and nuts 2 with different numbers of threads, making the transmission efficiency higher and enabling fast transmission or positioning.

[0108] As ​ shown in ​ When the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are triple-threaded, one circulating raceway 31 is arranged in the ball circulator. The circulating raceway 31 is a triple-circulating raceway. In practice, the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel of the circulating raceway, which is the central angle of the axial projection of the ball travel of the circulating raceway on the cross-section I of the second annular component, can be selected in the range of 15° ≤ ε ≤ 105°. In practice, 15° ≤ ε ≤ 55° or 65° ≤ ε ≤ 105° is often selected.

[0109] In a ring involute ball circulator, when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are triple-threaded, if ε is less than 15°, it will cause the circulating raceway 31 to be shorter, which is not conducive to the commutation of the balls in the circulating raceway 31. If ε is greater than 105°, it will cause the import and export structure of the first ball guiding port 46 of the first annular component 4 of the ball circulator to interfere with the position of the first ball inlet and outlet 45 structure, so it is restricted.

[0110] As ​ shown in ​ When the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 are quadruple-threaded, four circulating raceways 31 are arranged in the ball circulator. The circulating raceway 31 is a quadruple-circulating raceway. In practice, the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel of the circulating raceway, which is the central angle of the axial projection of the ball travel of the circulating raceway on the cross-section I of the second annular component, can be selected in the range of 15° ≤ ε ≤ 75°. In practice, 15° ≤ ε ≤ 45° or 55° ≤ ε ≤ 75° is often selected.

[0111] In a ring-type mating ball circulator, when the lead screw 1 and the nut 2 have a quadruple thread, if ε is less than 15°, the circulating raceway 31 will be relatively short, which is not conducive to the commutation of the balls in the circulating raceway 31. If ε is greater than 75°, the import and export structure of the first ball guiding port 46 of the first annular member 4 of the ball circulator will interfere with the position of the first ball inlet and outlet 45 structure, so the position is restricted.

[0112] As ​ , ​ shown, two blocking members 6 are respectively stuck on the blocking member slots 26 at both ends of the inner hole wall of the nut 2 to axially limit the ball circulators at both ends.

[0113] The blocking member 6 can effectively prevent the ball circulator from axially moving and causing position deviation, resulting in the balls being unable to enter or exit the ball circulator. The blocking member 6 can be, but is not limited to, a snap ring, a compression nut, or a clamping piece that can be disassembled from the blocking member slot 26. The blocking member slots 26 of the blocking member 6 are located at both ends of the ball screw mechanism circulator. When the circulator needs to be cleaned or replaced, it can be easily cleaned or replaced, and the operation is simple and convenient.

[0114] As ​ shown, the nut 2 also has a nut flange 27 for mating connection with external structural members, and flange holes 271 for facilitating the installation and fixation of external structural members.

[0115] When an external structural member needs to be installed and connected to the micro ball screw mechanism, it can be, but is not limited to, detachably or fixedly connected to the nut flange 27 by one of the connection methods such as screws and pins to achieve the linear reciprocating motion of the external structural member.

Claims

1. A ball screw mechanism, comprising: A lead screw (1), a nut (2), balls (3), and two ball circulators and their blocking components (6) respectively arranged at both ends of the inner hole of the nut (2). The nut (2) is detachably installed integrally with the ball circulator and its blocking components (6). The lead screw (1) and the nut (2) cooperate to jointly form a spiral raceway (11) for the balls (3) to roll. The ball circulator has a circulating raceway (31). The inner wall thickness of the nut (2) has a connecting raceway (25). The connecting raceway (25) is used for the balls (3) to enter and exit the circulating raceway (31) of the ball circulator at both ends. The balls (3) roll back and forth between the spiral raceway (11) formed by the lead screw (1) and the nut (2), the circulating raceway (31) of the ball circulator, and the connecting raceway (25) of the nut (2). It is characterized in that: a. The ball circulator is an annular mating ball circulator, which is formed by mating a first annular component (4) and a second annular component (5). The annular mating surface on the mating side of the first annular component (4) has a raceway groove of the circulating raceway (31). The annular mating surface on the mating side of the second annular component (5) has a raceway groove of the circulating raceway (31). And after the first annular component (4) and the second annular component (5) are mated, the ball circulator jointly forms 1 to 4 of the circulating raceways (31). The first annular component (4), the second annular component (5), and the blocking component (6) are successively installed from the inside to the outside at both ends of the inner hole of the nut (2). The blocking component (6) axially limits the ball circulator; b. The first annular member (4) has a first ball inlet / outlet (45) and a first ball guiding port (46), and the second annular member (5) has a second ball inlet / outlet (55) and a second ball guiding port (56). On the other end face of the first annular member (4) of the ball circulator, there are 1 to 4 corresponding first axial protrusions (44). On the stepped surfaces (23) at both ends of the inner hole of the nut (2), there are 1 to 4 corresponding second positioning grooves (24) that match the first axial protrusions (44); each of the first axial protrusions (44) on the two first annular members (4) is respectively clamped on the corresponding second positioning grooves (24) on the stepped surfaces (23) at both ends of the inner hole of the nut (2); the 1 to 4 corresponding first ball inlet / outlets (45) on the other end faces of the two first annular members (4) respectively kiss the two end ports of the corresponding 1 to 4 connecting raceways (25) on the nut (2); each of the first ball inlet / outlets (45) on the first annular member (4) is respectively connected to the corresponding 1 to 4 second ball inlet / outlets (55) on the second annular member (5) through its inlet / outlet through-hole section; the 1 to 4 corresponding first ball guiding ports (46) on the first annular member (4) are respectively located at the corresponding first axial protrusions (44), and each of the first ball guiding ports (46) communicates with the corresponding 1 to 4 spiral raceways (11) formed by the cooperation of the lead screw (1) and the nut (2); at the inlet and outlet of each of the first ball guiding ports (46) on the first annular member (4), there is also a first scraping blade portion (441). Each of the first scraping blade portions (441) and the first ball guiding port (46) where it is located form an inlet / export structure for the ball (3) to enter and exit the first ball guiding port (46). The ball (3) can be introduced into the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways (31) of one end of the ball circulator through the inlet / export structure to reach the first ball inlet / outlet (45), and then enter the corresponding 1 to 4 connecting raceways (25) of the nut (2), and then enter the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways (31) of the ball circulator at the other end. Or the ball (3) can be exported from the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways (31) of one end of the ball circulator through the inlet / export structure to reach the corresponding 1 to 4 spiral raceways (11), and then enter the corresponding 1 to 4 circulating raceways (31) of the ball circulator at the other end, forming a set of closed ball circulation system; c， The circumferential rotation angle of the ball travel of the circulating raceway (31) provided in the ball circulator is ε, and When the lead screw (1) and the nut (2) are single-start threads, 1 circulating raceway (31) is provided in the ball circulator, and the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel of this circulating raceway (31) is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 345°; When the lead screw (1) and the nut (2) are double - start threads, 2 of the circulation raceways (31) are arranged in the ball circulator, and the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel in the 2 circulation raceways (31) is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 165°; When the lead screw (1) and the nut (2) are triple - start threads, 3 of the circulation raceways (31) are arranged in the ball circulator, and the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel in the 3 circulation raceways (31) is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 105°; When the lead screw (1) and the nut (2) are quadruple - start threads, 4 of the circulation raceways (31) are arranged in the ball circulator, and the circumferential rotation angle ε of the ball travel in the 4 circulation raceways (31) is: 15° ≤ ε ≤ 75°; d. The rotation radius of the ball travel of the circulation raceway (31) is a variable R1, and 1mm ≤ R1 ≤ 30mm; The rotation radius from the center of the first ball inlet / outlet (45) of the first annular member (4) to the central axis of the ball circulator, that is, the rotation radius from the central axis of the connection raceway (25) of the nut (2) to the central axis of the nut (2) is R2, and 1mm ≤ R2 ≤ 30mm; The rotation radius from the front end of the first scraper part (441) of the import / export structure to the central axis of the first annular member (4) is R3, and 0.6mm ≤ R3 ≤ 28mm; e. The axial distance of the ball circulator from the inlet / outlet through - hole section of the first ball inlet / outlet (45) of the first annular member (4) is 0.2Ф ≤ J ≤ 5Ф, where Ф is the diameter of the ball (3); The first axial notch (411) at the first ball inlet / outlet (45) of the first annular member (4) is matched and aligned with the second axial boss (511) at the second ball inlet / outlet (55) of the second annular member (5); The first axial recess (42) of the first annular member (4) is matched and aligned with the second axial boss (52) of the second annular member (5).

2. The ball screw mechanism according to claim 1, wherein: The first annular member (4) has corresponding 1 - 4 first radial bosses (41), the second annular member (5) has corresponding 1 - 4 second radial bosses (51), the inner - hole wall of the nut (2) has corresponding 1 - 4 first positioning grooves (21), and the first positioning grooves (21) are axial grooves; Each first ball inlet / outlet (45) of the first annular member (4) is respectively located at the corresponding first radial boss (41), each second ball inlet / outlet (55) of the second annular member (5) is respectively located at the corresponding second radial boss (51), and each pair of adjacent first annular member (4) and second annular member (5) are axially aligned and simultaneously positioned in the corresponding 1 first positioning groove (21) on the inner - hole wall of the nut (2).

3. The ball screw mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: When a suitable angular value is selected for the circumferential rotational angle ε of the ball stroke within an allowable range and the remaining positions are allowable after removing the position of the circulating raceway (31) on the mating surface between the first annular member (4) and the second annular member (5), a first positioning hole (43) or a first positioning protrusion is provided on the mating surface of the first annular member (4) of the ball circulator on the side with the rolling groove, a second positioning protrusion (53) or a second positioning hole is provided on the mating surface of the second annular member (5) on the side with the rolling groove, and the first positioning hole (43) or the first positioning protrusion on the first annular member (4) is in mating positioning connection with the second positioning protrusion (53) or the second positioning hole on the second annular member (5).

4. The ball screw mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The circulating raceway (31) is a multi-curvature segment type raceway, including: section A is an inlet / outlet through-hole section; section B is an arc corner section with a 90° ± 10° corner; section C is an arc vertical sliding section where the plane where the movement locus line of the center of the ball (3) in the circulating raceway (31) is parallel to the cross-section I of the second annular member (5) or forms an included angle θ of 0° < θ ≤ 3°; section D is an arc inclined sliding section where the plane where the movement locus line of the center of the ball (3) in the circulating raceway (31) forms an included angle β of 5° ± 1° with the cross-section I of the second annular member (5); section E is an arc inclined sliding section where the plane where the movement locus line of the center of the ball (3) in the circulating raceway (31) forms an included angle γ of 45° ± 20° with the cross-section I of the second annular member (5); section F is an inlet / outlet section, which is an arc guiding section where the plane where the movement locus line of the center of the ball (3) in the circulating raceway (31) forms an included angle δ of 10° ± 1° with the cross-section I of the second annular member (5).

5. The ball screw mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The lead screw (1) and the nut (2) are single-start threads, the circulating raceway (31) of the ball circulator is a single-circulating raceway with a large corner, the circumferential rotational angle of the ball stroke of the circulating raceway (31) is ε, and 225° ≤ ε ≤ 315°, the rotational radius of the ball stroke of the circulating raceway (31) is a variable R1, and R1 = 5 ± 1 mm; the rotational radius of the central axis of the first ball inlet / outlet (45) of the first annular member (4) to the central axis of the ball circulator is R2, that is, the rotational radius of the central axis of the connecting raceway (25) of the nut (2) to the central axis of the nut (2) is R2, and R2 = 5.7 ± 1 mm.

6. The ball screw mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The lead screw (1) and the nut (2) are single-start threads, the circulating raceway (31) of the ball circulator is a single-circulating raceway with a small corner, the circumferential rotational angle of the ball stroke of the circulating raceway (31) is ε, and 60° ≤ ε ≤ 120°.

7. The ball screw mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The two blocking members (6) are snap rings and are respectively clamped on the blocking member slots (26) at both ends of the inner hole wall of the nut (2) to axially limit the second annular members (5) at both ends.

8. The ball screw mechanism according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The nut (2) further has a nut flange (27) for mating connection with an external structural member, and a flange hole (271) facilitating the installation and fixation with the external structural member.

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