An indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving indoor combination test device, it is related to the technical field of offshore wind power, including frame body, movable seat, pile body, pile hammer and soil tank, the soil tank is set to the bottom of the frame body, the movable seat the frame body is movably connected, the pile hammer is movably connected with the movable seat, the bottom of the pile body is located in the inside of the soil tank;It also includes static force pile driving structure, power pile driving structure, excitation sinking pile structure and data acquisition system;The static force pile driving structure includes a plurality of first driving components;The power pile driving structure includes a plurality of second driving components;The excitation sinking pile structure includes a plurality of third driving components;The data acquisition system includes data acquisition component and data analysis component.The application can simulate a variety of pile driving modes under different foundation conditions, so as to provide test basis and construction guidance for offshore wind farm large-diameter steel pipe pile sinking operation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of offshore wind power generation, and in particular to an indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving. Background Technology

[0002] my country boasts a long coastline and abundant offshore wind energy resources. Vigorously developing offshore wind power will drive a revolution in energy production and consumption, building a clean, low-carbon, safe, and efficient energy system. However, with the rapid development of the offshore wind power industry, the demand for offshore wind power installations has surged. This huge demand for offshore wind power capacity creates new opportunities for the wind power industry, but also brings new challenges to the entire offshore wind power industry chain. As national subsidies for offshore wind power electricity prices are reduced, cost pressures for offshore wind power are soaring. To further reduce offshore wind power costs, the trend towards larger turbine models has become increasingly apparent in recent years.

[0003] With the increasing scale of offshore wind turbines in my country, the demand for ultra-long steel pipe pile foundations is growing daily. However, underwater pile driving technology for large-diameter ultra-long steel pipe piles is relatively under-researched domestically. Furthermore, the large free end length of ultra-long steel pipe piles after installation leads to significant pile driving difficulties and energy losses under the influence of wind, waves, and currents. In addition, the impact of different pile driving methods, pile cap structures, and geological conditions on the actual pile driving effect and energy transfer efficiency in engineering projects remains unclear. Many problems still need to be solved in the pile driving technology of large-diameter ultra-long steel pipe piles for offshore wind power foundations. Therefore, it is necessary to simulate the pile driving process of offshore wind power steel pipe piles to further explore these issues. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application provides an indoor combined test device for simulating the driving of steel pipe piles for offshore wind power. It can realize indoor test simulation of various driving methods for large-diameter steel pipe piles under different foundation conditions in offshore wind farms. It can also reasonably evaluate the driving effect of steel pipe piles under different driving methods and obtain the energy transfer efficiency of the steel pipe pile driving process under different influencing factors. Thus, it can provide test basis and construction guidance for the driving operation of large-diameter steel pipe piles in offshore wind farms.

[0005] This application provides an indoor combined test device for simulating the driving of steel pipe piles for offshore wind power, employing the following technical solution:

[0006] An indoor combined test device for simulating the driving of steel pipe piles for offshore wind power includes a frame, a movable seat, a pile body, a pile hammer, and a soil box. The soil box is located at the bottom of the frame. The movable seat is movably connected to the frame in the vertical direction. The pile hammer is movably connected to the movable seat and located below the movable seat. The pile body is vertically arranged below the pile hammer, and the bottom of the pile body is located inside the soil box.

[0007] It also includes a static pile driving structure, a dynamic pile driving structure, a vibratory pile driving structure, and a data acquisition system; the static pile driving structure includes several first drive components for driving the movable seat to move relative to the frame; the dynamic pile driving structure includes several second drive components for driving the pile hammer to move relative to the movable seat; the vibratory pile driving structure includes several third drive components for exciting the pile hammer to vibrate; the data acquisition system includes a data acquisition component and a data analysis component, the data acquisition component is disposed on the pile body, and the data analysis component is signal-connected to the data acquisition component.

[0008] By adopting the above technical solution, the bottom of the pile is installed inside the soil box to simulate the installation environment of the pile on the seabed during actual construction. Changing the material in the soil box can simulate different geological conditions on the seabed, thus making the function of the test device more diversified. During static pile driving, the first drive component drives the movable seat downward, the pile hammer is fixed in position relative to the movable seat, and the movement of the movable seat applies force to the top of the pile through the pile hammer. During dynamic pile driving, the first drive component drives the movable seat downward to a certain distance from the top of the pile and then fixes its position. The second drive component drives the pile to move up and down repeatedly to impact the top of the pile. During vibration pile driving, the first... The drive component drives the movable seat downwards until the pile hammer abuts against the top of the pile body. Then, the third drive component activates the pile hammer to vibrate, and the pile hammer transmits the vibration to the pile body. The data acquisition component collects the energy transfer efficiency of the steel pipe pile driving process under different influencing factors and different driving methods, and transmits the data to the data analysis component. The data analysis component visualizes the data results. Based on the visualization results, engineers can operate the static pressure pile structure, dynamic pile driving structure, or vibration-driven pile structure to ensure the smooth and accurate operation of the pile driving process (i.e., reverse correction). Moreover, the test data can provide experimental basis and construction guidance for the pile driving operation of large-diameter steel pipe piles in offshore wind farms.

[0009] Optionally, the frame includes two fixed seats and several first guide members, the first guide members are vertically arranged, and both ends of the first guide members are respectively connected to the two fixed seats; the movable seat is located between the two fixed seats, and the several first guide members are all passed through the movable seat;

[0010] The first drive assembly includes a motor, a lead screw, an accelerator, and a reducer. The lead screw passes through both the movable seat and the two fixed seats in a vertical direction, and the lead screw is threaded into the movable seat. The motor is mounted on one of the fixed seats, and the motor is connected to the lead screw and drives the lead screw to rotate about its own axis. The accelerator and the reducer are both connected to the motor.

[0011] By adopting the above technical solution, the first guide member can guide the movable seat to move in the vertical direction, thereby ensuring that the movable seat drives the pile hammer to apply force to the pile body vertically downward, thus improving the reliability of the test data; the motor drives the lead screw to rotate, thereby driving the movable seat to move. The motor, in conjunction with the accelerator and the reducer, can more accurately control the rotation speed of the lead screw, thereby more accurately controlling the movement speed of the movable seat, and thus more accurately controlling the static pile driving process of the movable seat on the pile body.

[0012] Optionally, the static pile driving structure further includes several mating components, which are detachably connected to the pile hammer and detachably connected to the movable seat.

[0013] By adopting the above technical solution, the connection between the mating parts and the movable seat during static pile driving can improve the stability of the relative position between the pile hammer and the movable seat during static pile driving. At the same time, when the movable seat applies force to the pile body through the pile hammer, the reaction force will be concentrated on the mating parts, which can reduce the impact of the reaction force on the movable seat and reduce the probability of the movable seat being damaged due to the pile hammer directly applying the reaction force to the movable seat, thereby extending the service life of the movable seat. Moreover, when the mating parts are damaged due to the reaction force, the mating parts can be easily replaced.

[0014] Optionally, it may also include a number of second guide members, which are vertically arranged, with one end of the second guide member connected to the pile hammer, and the second guide member passing through the movable seat.

[0015] By adopting the above technical solution, the second guide member can guide the pile hammer to move vertically relative to the movable seat, so that the pile hammer can impact the pile body vertically during the dynamic pile driving process, and also enable the pile hammer to mainly transmit vertical vibration to the pile body during the vibration pile driving process, thereby further improving the reliability of the test data.

[0016] Optionally, the second drive assembly includes an electromagnet and a fixed magnet, the electromagnet being connected to an external circuit and to the pile hammer, and the fixed magnet being connected to the movable seat.

[0017] By adopting the above technical solution, the electromagnet can drive the pile hammer to move towards or away from the fixed magnet after being energized. By controlling the direction and magnitude of the current flowing through the electromagnet, the direction and speed of the pile hammer relative to the movable seat driven by the second drive component can be controlled, and the control accuracy is high, thereby improving the accuracy of the test.

[0018] Optionally, the second drive assembly further includes a third guide member, wherein the electromagnet and the fixed magnet are aligned vertically, one end of the third guide member is connected to the movable seat, the third guide member passes through the pile hammer, and the electromagnet is sleeved on the third guide member.

[0019] By adopting the above technical solution, the third guide component can guide the electromagnet to move vertically relative to the fixed magnet after it is energized, thereby further ensuring that the pile hammer impacts the pile body vertically during the power pile driving process; and the alignment of the electromagnet and the fixed magnet vertically can make the magnetic attraction or repulsion effect between the electromagnet and the fixed magnet more significant after it is energized, so that energy can be effectively utilized, thereby improving the performance of the second drive component.

[0020] Optionally, the third drive assembly includes a vibrating element and a connecting rod. The vibrating element is disposed on the movable seat, and the connecting rod passes through the movable seat. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively connected to the vibrating element and the pile hammer.

[0021] By adopting the above technical solution, during the vibration pile driving process, the first drive component and the second drive component work together to make the pile hammer come into contact with the pile body. When the vibrating component works, it vibrates and transmits the vibration to the connecting rod. The connecting rod then transmits the vibration to the pile hammer, thereby enabling stable pile driving simulation of the pile body by vibration pile driving.

[0022] Optionally, the data acquisition component includes a pressure sensor, a displacement sensor, and an inclinometer, all of which are located at the end of the pile body away from the soil box.

[0023] By adopting the above technical solution, the data acquisition component can obtain parameters such as pile displacement, pile stress, pile displacement acceleration, and pile inclination angle under different pile driving methods through pressure sensors, displacement sensors, and inclinometers. The data acquisition component then transmits the obtained parameters to the data analysis component, which analyzes the parameters and generates visualization results, providing experimental basis and construction guidance for the pile driving operation of large-diameter steel pipe piles in offshore wind farms.

[0024] Optionally, the system also includes a resilient pile pad and a hammer pad, wherein the pile pad is connected to the end of the pile body away from the soil box, the hammer pad is located on the side of the pile pad opposite to the pile body, and the data acquisition component is located between the hammer pad and the pile pad.

[0025] By adopting the above technical solution, the pile pad is used to protect the pile body during the pile driving process, the hammer pad is used to protect the pile hammer during the pile driving process, and the pressure sensor, displacement sensor and inclinometer are located between the pile pad and the hammer pad. This not only enables more accurate data detection, but also allows the pile pad and hammer pad to protect the pressure sensor, displacement sensor and inclinometer at the same time, reducing the probability of the pressure sensor, displacement sensor and inclinometer being damaged by external forces during the test.

[0026] Optionally, it may also include a plurality of fourth guide members, which are vertically arranged, and the two ends of the fourth guide members are respectively connected to the pile pad and the hammer pad.

[0027] By adopting the above technical solution, under different piling methods, when the pile hammer applies force to the pile body, several fourth guide components can guide the force applied by the pile hammer to the pile body vertically downward. This can not only improve the accuracy of the data detected by the pressure sensor, displacement sensor and inclinometer, but also reduce the probability of the pile body tilting or shifting after being subjected to force, so that the test process can be carried out stably.

[0028] In summary, this application includes at least one of the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. It can realize indoor test simulation of large-diameter steel pipe piles in offshore wind farms under different foundation conditions and various piling methods. It can also reasonably evaluate the piling effect of steel pipe piles under different piling methods and obtain the energy transfer efficiency of steel pipe pile piling process under different influencing factors. Thus, it can provide test basis and construction guidance for the piling operation of large-diameter steel pipe piles in offshore wind farms.

[0030] 2. During static pile driving, the first drive component can precisely control the movement of the movable seat to drive the pile hammer to apply force to the pile body, meet more test requirements, and reduce the damage of static pile driving to the movable seat and pile hammer, thus extending the service life of the movable seat and pile hammer.

[0031] 3. During the power pile driving process, the first drive component drives the movable seat to move to determine the pile driving height, and the second drive component drives the pile hammer to move relative to the movable seat, so that the pile hammer hits the pile body multiple times, which can simulate more pile driving conditions and has greater applicability.

[0032] 4. During the vibration pile driving process, the first drive component and the second drive component work together to keep the pile hammer and the pile body in contact. The third drive component excites the pile hammer to vibrate. The vibration of the pile hammer applies a force to the pile body to carry out the pile driving operation. This can further simulate more pile driving conditions and further enhance its applicability.

[0033] 5. During the test, the hammer pad protects the pile hammer, the pile pad protects the pile body, and the hammer pad and pile pad together protect the data acquisition components, which can extend the service life of the pile hammer, the pile body and the data acquisition components, thereby reducing the failure rate of the test device during use. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of an indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving according to an embodiment of this application;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the data acquisition system in an embodiment of this application;

[0036] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the test device in the embodiment of this application during the static pile driving process;

[0037] Figure 4 This is a structural schematic diagram of the test device in the embodiment of this application during the dynamic pile driving process;

[0038] Figure 5 yes Figure 4 Enlarged view of point A in the middle;

[0039] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the test device in the embodiment of this application during the vibration pile driving process.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Frame; 11. Fixed base; 12. First guide component; 2. Movable base; 21. Locking port; 3. Pile body; 4. Pile hammer; 5. Soil box; 51. Mating port; 6. Static pile driving structure; 61. First drive assembly; 611. Motor; 612. Lead screw; 613. Accelerator; 614. Reducer; 7. Dynamic pile driving structure; 71. Second drive assembly; 711. Electromagnet; 712. Fixed magnet; 713. Third guide component; 8. Vibration pile driving structure; 81. Third drive assembly; 811. Vibrating component; 812. Connecting rod; 9. Data acquisition system; 91. Data acquisition assembly; 911. Pressure sensor; 912. Displacement sensor; 913. Inclinometer; 92. Data analysis assembly; 921. Transmission unit; 922. Analysis unit; 923. Display unit; 101. Second guide component; 102. Mounting bracket; 103. Mating component; 104. Pile pad; 105. Hammer pad; 106. Movable cover; 107. Fourth guide component. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1-6 This application will be described in further detail.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 and Figure 2This application discloses an indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving, including a frame 1, a movable seat 2, a pile body 3, a pile hammer 4, a soil box 5, a static pile driving structure 6, a dynamic pile driving structure 7, a vibration pile driving structure 8, and a data acquisition system 9.

[0043] The frame 1 includes two fixed seats 11 and several first guide members 12. Preferably, the fixed seats 11 are rectangular plate structures and the first guide members 12 are cylindrical structures. Preferably, the frame 1 includes a total of four first guide members 12. One fixed seat 11 is placed on the ground, and the other fixed seat 11 is located above the fixed seat 11. Both fixed seats 11 are horizontal and aligned vertically. The two ends of the first guide members 12 are fixedly connected to the two fixed seats 11 respectively. All four first guide members 12 are vertical, and the connection positions of the four first guide members 12 to the fixed seats 11 are close to the four corners of the fixed seats 11 respectively.

[0044] The soil box 5 is located between two fixed seats 11, fixedly installed on the lower fixed seat 11, and centered on the fixed seat 11. Preferably, the soil box 5 is a hollow cubic structure, and the pile body 3 is a cylindrical structure. The top of the soil box 5 has a mating opening 51 for one end of the pile body 3 to pass through and is adapted to the pile body 3. The mating opening 51 communicates with the inner cavity of the soil box 5, and the mating opening 51 is centered on the end face of the soil box 5. The inner cavity of the soil box 5 is filled with sand material. Different sand materials are used to simulate different geological conditions, and different filling methods are required for different geological conditions. When filling the inner cavity of the soil box 5 with sand material, the specific filling method is selected based on the geological exploration data of the studied area: sandy soil foundation (falling sand method), clay foundation (vacuum preloading method), silty clay foundation (vacuum preloading method), or layered soil foundation (combination of falling sand method and vacuum preloading method).

[0045] After the inner cavity of the soil box 5 is filled with sand, one end of the test pile 3 is inserted vertically into the fitting port 51. After the bottom of the pile 3 comes into contact with the sand in the inner cavity of the soil box 5, it will naturally sink under its own weight. After the natural sinking stops, the bottom of the pile 3 will be partially inserted into the sand in the inner cavity of the soil box 5, and the top of the pile 3 is located below the upper fixed seat 11.

[0046] The movable seat 2 is located between the two fixed seats 11 and above the soil box 5. The movable seat 2 is parallel to the fixed seats 11, and preferably the movable seat 2 is also a rectangular plate structure. The four first guide members 12 are also respectively installed and engaged with the four corners of the movable seat 2. Under the guidance of the four first guide members 12, the movable seat 2 can move vertically between the soil box 5 and the upper fixed seat 11.

[0047] The pile hammer 4 is located below the movable seat 2 and above the soil box 5. After the bottom of the pile body 3 naturally sinks into the sand material in the cavity of the soil box 5, the pile hammer 4 is located above the pile body 3 and aligned with the pile body 3 in the vertical direction.

[0048] The testing apparatus also includes several second guide members 101, preferably two second guide members 101, and preferably the second guide members 101 are cylindrical. The length direction of the second guide member 101 is parallel to the length direction of the first guide member 12. The bottom of both second guide members 101 is fixedly connected to the pile hammer 4, and the connection positions of the two second guide members 101 and the pile hammer 4 are symmetrically distributed on the pile hammer 4. The other end of the second guide member 101 is located above the upper fixed seat 11. The second guide member 101 is fitted with the movable seat 2, and the upper fixed seat 11 has a clearance opening at its center for the second guide member 101 to pass through. Under the guidance of the second guide member 101, the pile hammer 4 can move vertically relative to the movable seat 2. During the movement of the pile hammer 4 relative to the movable seat 2, the end of the second guide member 101 away from the pile hammer 4 remains above the upper fixed seat 11, that is, the second guide member 101 restricts the range of movement of the pile hammer 4 relative to the movable seat 2.

[0049] The static pile driving structure 6 is used to drive the movable seat 2 to move in the vertical direction.

[0050] Reference Figure 3 In one embodiment, the static pile driving structure 6 includes a plurality of first driving components 61, preferably including two first driving components 61, and the two first driving components 61 are respectively located on both sides of the pile hammer 4 in the horizontal direction.

[0051] The first drive assembly 61 includes a motor 611 and a lead screw 612. Preferably, the motor 611 is a servo motor 611, which facilitates remote control of the motor's start / stop and speed by the test personnel. The motor 611 is fixedly mounted on the upper fixed base 11 and is located above the fixed base 11. The lead screw 612 is vertically mounted between the two fixed bases 11. The bottom of the lead screw 612 is rotatably connected to the lower fixed base 11, and the top of the lead screw 612 passes through the upper fixed base 11 and is fixedly connected to the motor 611. The rotation axis of the lead screw 612 coincides with its own axis. The surface of the lead screw 612 has threads, and the lead screw 612 passes through the movable base 2 and is threadedly engaged with the movable base 2. The synchronous operation of the motors 611 of the two first drive assemblies 61 drives the two lead screws 612 to rotate synchronously in the same direction, which can drive the movable base 2 to move in the vertical direction.

[0052] In one embodiment, the first drive assembly 61 further includes an accelerator 613 and a reducer 614. The accelerator 613 and the reducer 614 are both located above the upper fixed base 11. After the accelerator 613 and the reducer 614 are fixedly connected in series, their two ends are respectively fixedly connected to the ends of the motor 611 and the lead screw 612. The accompanying drawings show an example where the reducer 614 is fixedly connected to the motor 611 and the accelerator 613 is fixedly connected to the lead screw 612.

[0053] When neither accelerator 613 nor reducer 614 is working, motor 611 can drive lead screw 612 to rotate directly with its rated output power through accelerator 613 and reducer 614 in sequence; when accelerator 613 is working but reducer 614 is not working, motor 611 can drive lead screw 612 to rotate directly with an output power greater than its rated output power through accelerator 613 and reducer 614 in sequence; when accelerator 613 is not working but reducer 614 is working, motor 611 can drive lead screw 612 to rotate with an output power greater than its rated output power through accelerator 613 and reducer 614 in sequence. The reducer 614 directly drives the lead screw 612 to rotate with an output power less than its own rated output power. When both the accelerator 613 and the reducer 614 are working, the motor 611 can drive the lead screw 612 to rotate through the accelerator 613 and the reducer 614 in turn within a certain output power range (the rated output power of the motor 611 itself falls within this range). The accelerator 613 and the reducer 614 can form a variety of speed ratios, which makes it convenient for testers to make more precise control over the speed of the lead screw 612 according to their needs.

[0054] Since the servo motor 611, accelerator 613 and reducer 614 are all common existing technologies, they will not be described in detail here.

[0055] The dynamic pile driving structure 7 drives the pile hammer 4 to move vertically relative to the movable seat 2, and the vibration pile driving structure 8 excites the pile hammer 4 to vibrate. The test apparatus also includes a mounting frame 102 for easy installation of the dynamic pile driving structure 7 and the vibration pile driving structure 8. Preferably, the bottom of the mounting frame 102 is a cubic structure. The mounting frame 102 is fixedly connected to the movable seat 2 and is located above the movable seat 2. When the movable seat 2 moves upward in the vertical direction, the clearance opening on the fixed seat 11 above it will provide clearance space for the mounting frame 102.

[0056] Reference Figure 4 and Figure 5In one embodiment, the power pile driving structure 7 includes several second drive components 71, preferably four. The projections of the four second drive components 71 along the vertical direction onto the bottom of the mounting frame 102 are respectively located near the four corners of the bottom of the mounting frame 102. Each second drive component 71 includes an electromagnet 711 and a fixed magnet 712. The electromagnet 711 is fixedly mounted on the top of the pile hammer 4, and the fixed magnet 712 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the mounting frame 102. The electromagnet 711 is located below the fixed magnet 712 and aligned vertically with it. An external circuit (not shown in the figures) is connected to the electromagnet 711. When energized, the electromagnet 711 changes its own magnetism and magnetic force, thereby cooperating with the fixed magnet 712 to drive the pile hammer 4 relative to the movable seat 2. The fixed magnet 712 itself is magnetic. Preferably, the other components of the test device are made of non-magnetic materials. Since the electromagnet 711 is a common prior art, it will not be described in detail here.

[0057] In one embodiment, the second drive assembly 71 further includes a third guide member 713, preferably a cylindrical structure. The third guide member 713 is vertical in its length direction, its top is fixedly connected to the bottom of the mounting bracket 102, and its bottom is inserted through the pile hammer 4. During the process of the second drive assembly 71 driving the pile hammer 4 to move relative to the movable seat 2, the end of the third guide member 713 away from the mounting bracket 102 remains engaged with the pile hammer 4. The fixed magnet 712 and the electromagnet 711 are both sleeved on the third guide member 713. The third guide member 713 guides the electromagnet 711 to move vertically relative to the fixed magnet 712, thereby driving the pile hammer 4 to move vertically. When the movable seat 2 moves to abut against the fixed seat 11 located above, the electromagnet 711 moves towards the fixed magnet 712 to its limit position and then abuts against the fixed magnet 712.

[0058] In one embodiment, the second drive assembly 71 further includes a buffer pad, preferably an annular sheet structure, which is fixedly installed on the end of the fixed magnet 712 near the mounting frame 102. When the second drive assembly 71 drives the pile hammer 4 to move relative to the movable seat 2 to perform pile driving operation on the pile body 3, the buffer pad can reduce the collision between the fixed magnet 712 and the mounting frame 102, thereby protecting the fixed magnet 712.

[0059] Reference Figure 6In one embodiment, the vibratory pile driving structure 8 includes several third drive components 81, preferably a single third drive component 81. The third drive component 81 includes a vibrating element 811 and a connecting rod 812. Preferably, the vibrator is a micro-vibration motor 611. The top of the mounting frame 102 has a bracket, and the vibrating element 811 is fixedly mounted on the bracket with a nut, so that the vibrating element 811 is suspended and fixed above the bottom of the mounting frame 102. The connecting rod 812 is located below the vibrating element 811. Preferably, the connecting rod 812 is a cylindrical structure, with its length parallel to the length of the first guide rod, and its axis coinciding with the center line of the pile hammer 4. The top of the connecting rod 812 is fixedly connected to the vibrating element 811, and the bottom of the connecting rod 812 can pass through the movable seat 2 and into the pile hammer 4 to cooperate with it.

[0060] Reference Figure 5 In one embodiment, the test apparatus further includes several mating parts 103, preferably two mating parts 103. The mating parts 103 are located above the pile hammer 4 and are detachably connected to the pile hammer 4 by bolts. The two mating parts 103 are located at opposite ends of the pile hammer 4, and their connection positions on the pile hammer 4 are symmetrically distributed. Two locking holes 21 are correspondingly provided on the movable seat 2 for the mating parts 103 to be inserted. When the pile hammer 4 moves relative to the movable seat 2 until it abuts against the movable seat 2, both mating parts 103 are inserted into their corresponding locking holes 21. After the mating parts 103 are inserted into the locking holes 21, preferably, the mating parts 103 are also detachably connected to the movable seat 2 by bolts. After the mating parts 103 are detachably connected to the movable seat 2, there is a gap between the pile hammer 4 and the movable seat 2, so that the force between the pile hammer 4 and the movable seat 2 is mainly transmitted through the mating parts 103. That is, the wear caused by the force between the pile hammer 4 and the movable seat 2 is mainly concentrated on the mating parts 103.

[0061] Reference Figure 2 The data acquisition system 9 includes a data acquisition component 91 and a data analysis component 92. The data acquisition component 91 is installed on the top of the pile body 3 and is used to collect parameters such as the displacement of the pile body 3, the stress on the pile body 3, the acceleration of the displacement of the pile body 3, and the inclination angle of the pile body 3 under different pile driving methods. The data analysis component 92 is connected to the data acquisition component 91 by signal and is used to analyze the data collected by the data acquisition component 91 and provide visualization results.

[0062] In one embodiment, the data acquisition component 91 includes a pressure sensor 911, a displacement sensor 912, and an inclinometer 913. The pressure sensor 911, displacement sensor 912, and inclinometer 913 are all fixedly installed on the top of the pile body 3. Preferably, the pressure sensor 911 is centered on the pile body 3, the displacement sensor 912 is located to one side of the pressure sensor 911, and the inclinometer 913 is preferably located inside the pressure sensor 911, with the pressure sensor 911 protecting the inclinometer 913. Preferably, the inclinometer 913 is a high-precision dual-axis inclinometer 913, with the vertical direction as the z-axis. The inclinometer 913 is used to acquire the tilt angle of the pile body 3 in the x-axis and y-axis directions, providing real-time feedback of the tilt angle of the top of the pile body 3 along both axes. If the tilt angle exceeds a preset range, an alarm will sound. Since the pressure sensor 911, displacement sensor 912, and inclinometer 913 (high-precision dual-axis inclinometer 913) are all common existing technologies, they will not be described in detail here.

[0063] In one embodiment, the test apparatus further includes a pile pad 104, a hammer pad 105, and a movable cover 106, preferably the pile pad 104 and the hammer pad 105 are both made of rubber. Preferably, the pile pad 104 is a circular sheet structure. The pile pad 104 is fixedly installed on the top of the pile body 3 and covers the upper end surface of the pile body 3. The pressure sensor 911, displacement sensor 912, and inclinometer 913 are all fixedly installed on the pile pad 104. Preferably, the movable cover 106 is a cylindrical cover structure. One end of the movable cover 106 is fitted onto the top of the pile body 3. The interior of the movable cover 106 and the pile pad 104 form an installation space for the pressure sensor 911, displacement sensor 912, and inclinometer 913. The end of the pressure sensor 911 away from the pile pad 104 abuts against the movable cover 106. The end of the displacement sensor 912 away from the pile pad 104 and the movable cover 106 are separated by a vertical gap. Preferably, the hammer pad 105 is also a circular sheet structure. The hammer pad 105 is located on the side of the pile pad 104 away from the pile body 3 and is aligned with the pile pad 104 in the vertical direction. The hammer pad 105 is fixedly connected to the end of the movable cover 106 away from the pile body 3.

[0064] In one embodiment, the test apparatus further includes several fourth guide members 107, preferably a total of six fourth guide members 107, and preferably the fourth guide members 107 are also cylindrical structures. The length direction of the fourth guide member 107 is parallel to the length direction of the first guide member 12. One end of the fourth guide member 107 is fixedly connected to the top of the pile body 3 and passes through the pile pad 104. The six fourth guide members 107 are arranged in a circular array around the axis of the pile body 3. The interior of the movable cover 106 has six structures for the ends of the fourth guide members 107 away from the pile body 3 to pass through. The fourth guide members 107 guide the movable cover 106 to move vertically relative to the pile body 3.

[0065] In one embodiment, the data analysis component 92 includes a transmission unit 921, an analysis unit 922, and a display unit 923. The transmission unit 921 is signal-connected to the pressure sensor 911, the displacement sensor 912, and the inclinometer 913. The analysis unit 922 is signal-connected to the transmission unit 921, and the display unit 923 is signal-connected to the analysis unit 922. The transmission unit 921 collects data from the pressure sensor 911, the displacement sensor 912, and the inclinometer 913 and transmits the collected data to the analysis unit 922. The analysis unit 922 analyzes the obtained data and then visualizes the analysis results on the display unit 923. Preferably, the transmission unit 921 is a mobile terminal device (i.e., a computer device that can be used while on the move), the analysis unit 922 is a microcomputer, and the display unit 923 is a PLC touch screen. Since mobile terminal devices, microcomputers, and PLC touch screens are all common existing technologies, they will not be described in detail here, and the data analysis component 92 is not shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0066] Reference Figure 3 and Figure 5 During the static pile driving process, the second drive assembly 71 is first controlled to drive the pile hammer 4 to move until it abuts against the movable seat 2. Then, the movable seat 2 and the mating part 103 are fixedly connected in a detachable manner. At this time, the pile hammer 4 can still abut against the movable seat 2 after the second drive assembly 71 stops working. Then, the first drive assembly 61 is controlled to drive the movable seat 2 to move the pile hammer 4 downward until it abuts against the pile body 3 and then applies a force to the pile body 3 in the vertical direction. The magnitude of the force exerted by the pile hammer 4 on the pile body 3 can be controlled by controlling the rotation speed of the screw 612.

[0067] When the pile hammer 4 applies a force to the pile body 3, the pile body 3 also exerts a reaction force on the pile hammer 4. The reaction force on the pile hammer 4 will be transmitted to the movable seat 2, and the effect of the reaction force will be concentrated on the mating part 103. If the mating part 103 is damaged due to the effect of the reaction force, it is easy to replace.

[0068] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 4 During the power pile driving process, the first drive assembly 61 is first controlled to drive the movable seat 2 to move the pile hammer 4 to a certain height above the pile body 3, and then the position of the movable seat 2 is kept fixed. At this time, the distance between the pile hammer 4 and the pile body 3 is the pile driving height of the pile hammer 4. Then, the second drive assembly 71 is controlled to drive the pile hammer 4 to keep it against the movable seat 2, and at the same time, the fixed connection between the mating part 103 and the movable seat 2 formed by the detachable method is released, that is, the pile hammer 4 can move relative to the movable seat 2. Then, the second drive assembly 71 is controlled to drive the pile hammer 4 to move towards the pile body 3 until it contacts the pile body 3 and impacts the pile body 3. After that, the second drive assembly 71 drives the pile hammer 4 to move away from the pile body 3 to reset. This cycle is repeated to realize power pile driving.

[0069] During the power pile driving process, the position and height of the pile body 3 change. The first drive component 61 will drive the movable seat 2 to move synchronously according to the feedback of the displacement sensor 912 so that the distance between the movable seat 2 and the pile body 3 is kept at a certain distance, that is, the pile driving height of the pile hammer 4 remains constant.

[0070] Reference Figure 2 and Figure 6 During the vibration-driven pile driving process, the first drive component 61 is first controlled to drive the movable seat 2 to move the pile hammer 4 to abut against the pile body 3. Then, the fixed connection between the mating part 103 and the movable seat 2 is released in a detachable manner, so that the pile hammer 4 can move relative to the movable seat 2. Next, the third drive component 81 is controlled to excite the pile hammer 4 to vibrate, and several second guide components 101 guide the pile hammer 4 to vibrate mainly in the vertical direction. The vibration of the pile hammer 4 transmits the vibration to the pile body 3, thereby realizing vibration-driven pile driving.

[0071] During the vibration driving process, the position and height of the pile body 3 change. The first drive component 61 will drive the movable seat 2 to move the pile hammer 4 synchronously according to the feedback of the displacement sensor 912 to keep the pile hammer 4 against the pile body 3.

[0072] Reference Figure 2 Regardless of whether it is static pile driving, dynamic pile driving or vibration pile driving, the data acquisition component 91 can collect the data changes during the test and transmit the data changes to the data analysis component 92. The data analysis component 92 can also analyze the received data and visualize the analysis results, thereby providing test basis and construction guidance for the pile driving operation of large-diameter steel pipe piles in offshore wind farms.

[0073] The implementation principle of an indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving in this application embodiment is as follows:

[0074] The bottom of pile 3 is naturally driven into the soil box 5. Different geological conditions can be simulated by changing the sand material in the soil box 5. Static driving pile structure 6, dynamic driving pile structure 7 and vibration driving pile structure 8 can be used to drive pile 3 through static driving, dynamic driving and vibration driving respectively, and simulation tests can be carried out on different driving methods. Data acquisition component 91 collects relevant data of pile 3 under different driving methods and transmits the data to data analysis component 92. After analyzing the data, data analysis component 92 visualizes the results, providing experimental basis and construction guidance for the driving operation of large-diameter steel pipe piles in offshore wind farms.

[0075] The above are all preferred embodiments of this application, and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of this application should be covered within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. An indoor combined test device for simulating the driving of steel pipe piles for offshore wind power, characterized in that, The system includes a frame (1), a movable seat (2), a pile body (3), a pile hammer (4), and a soil box (5). The soil box (5) is located at the bottom of the frame (1). The movable seat (2) is movably connected to the frame (1) in the vertical direction. The pile hammer (4) is movably connected to the movable seat (2) and located below the movable seat (2). The pile body (3) is vertically located below the pile hammer (4), and the bottom of the pile body (3) is located inside the soil box (5). It also includes a static pile driving structure (6), a dynamic pile driving structure (7), a vibration-driven pile driving structure (8), and a data acquisition system (9); the static pile driving structure (6) includes several first drive components (61) for driving the movable seat (2) to move relative to the frame (1); the dynamic pile driving structure (7) includes several second drive components (71) for driving the pile hammer (4) to move relative to the movable seat (2); the vibration-driven pile driving structure (8) includes several third drive components (81) for exciting the vibration of the pile hammer (4); the data acquisition system (9) includes a data acquisition component (91) and a data analysis component (92), the data acquisition component (91) is disposed on the pile body (3), and the data analysis component (92) is signal-connected to the data acquisition component (91); The frame (1) includes two fixed seats (11) and several first guide members (12). The first guide members (12) are vertically arranged, and both ends of the first guide members (12) are respectively connected to the two fixed seats (11). The movable seat (2) is located between the two fixed seats (11), and several first guide members (12) are all inserted through the movable seat (2). The first drive assembly (61) includes a motor (611), a lead screw (612), an accelerator (613), and a reducer (614). The lead screw (612) passes through the movable seat (2) and the two fixed seats (11) in a vertical direction, and the lead screw (612) is threadedly engaged with the movable seat (2). The motor (611) is mounted on one of the fixed seats (11). The motor (611) is connected to the lead screw (612) and drives the lead screw (612) to rotate around its own axis. The accelerator (613) and the reducer (614) are both connected to the motor (611). The static pile driving structure (6) also includes several mating parts (103), which are detachably connected to the pile hammer (4) and detachably connected to the movable seat (2); The second drive assembly (71) includes an electromagnet (711) and a fixed magnet (712). The electromagnet (711) is connected to an external circuit and is connected to the pile hammer (4). The fixed magnet (712) is connected to the movable seat (2). The third drive assembly (81) includes a vibrating element (811) and a connecting rod (812). The vibrating element (811) is disposed on the movable seat (2), and the connecting rod (812) passes through the movable seat (2). The two ends of the connecting rod (812) are respectively connected to the vibrating element (811) and the pile hammer (4).

2. The indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes several second guide members (101), which are vertically arranged. One end of the second guide member (101) is connected to the pile hammer (4), and the second guide member (101) passes through the movable seat (2).

3. The indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second drive assembly (71) further includes a third guide (713), wherein the electromagnet (711) is aligned vertically with the fixed magnet (712), one end of the third guide (713) is connected to the movable seat (2), the third guide (713) passes through the pile hammer (4), and the electromagnet (711) is sleeved on the third guide (713).

4. The indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data acquisition component (91) includes a pressure sensor (911), a displacement sensor (912), and an inclinometer (913). The pressure sensor (911), the displacement sensor (912), and the inclinometer (913) are all located at the end of the pile (3) away from the soil box (5).

5. The indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving according to claim 4, characterized in that, It also includes an elastic pile pad (104) and a hammer pad (105), the pile pad (104) being connected to the end of the pile body (3) away from the soil box (5), the hammer pad (105) being located on the side of the pile pad (104) away from the pile body (3), and the data acquisition component (91) being located between the hammer pad (105) and the pile pad (104).

6. The indoor combined test device for simulating offshore wind power steel pipe pile driving according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a number of fourth guide members (107), which are vertically arranged, and the two ends of the fourth guide members (107) are respectively connected to the pile pad (104) and the hammer pad (105).

Images