Manufacturing Composite Insulators Using Waste Porcelain Insulators

Abstract

A method of manufacturing a composite electroceramic, which includes obtaining sintered electroceramic waste material. The waste material is ground to obtain a first ceramic powder with a particle size of 10-400 μm. The first ceramic powder is mixed with NaCl, Li2MoO4 or other ceramic powder with a particle size of 0.5-20 μm in the following proportions: 60-90 vol% of the first ceramic powder and 10-40 vol% of NaCl, Li2MoO4 or other ceramic powder. The obtained ceramic powder mixture is mixed with an aqueous solution of NaCl, Li2MoO4 or the other ceramic in the following proportions: 70-90 wt% of the ceramic powder mixture and 10-30 wt% of the aqueous solution. The obtained homogeneous material is compressed in a mold at room temperature and a pressure of 100-400 MPa for 2-10 min. The compressed homogeneous material is removed from the mold to obtain an electroceramic composite material. Alternatively, a water-soluble salt of an organometallic precursor compound can be used.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to composite electroceramics, and more particularly to a method for manufacturing composite electroceramics. Background Art

[0002] Ceramic composite materials are applied in a wide range of industries, including mining, aerospace, medicine, smelting, food and chemical industries, packaging science, electronics, industrial power and power transmission and transformation, and guided optical wave transmission. Ceramic composite materials can be used to manufacture electronic components. The electronic components can be active components (such as semiconductors or power supplies), passive components (such as resistors or capacitors), actuators (such as piezoelectric actuators), or optoelectronic components (such as optical switches and / or attenuators). In the technology of manufacturing composite electroceramics, an aqueous solution of lithium molybdate (LMO, Li2MoO4) powder, etc. has recently been used as an adhesive between particles, compared with traditional heat-driven sintering or melt-assisted mechanisms.

[0003] The amount of global electronic waste is huge, estimated to exceed 40 million tons annually. Among them, small electronic products account for about 4 million tons, and among them, for example, mobile phone ceramic components account for about 16%. Nowadays, only about 20% of electronic waste is recycled and reused in a controlled manner. Summary of the Invention

[0004] A simplified summary of the features disclosed herein is given below to provide a basic understanding of some exemplary aspects of the present invention. This summary is not a detailed review of the present invention. It is not intended to identify the key / decisive elements of the present invention or to explain the scope of the present invention. Its sole purpose is to present some ideas disclosed herein in a simplified form as a prelude to a more detailed description.

[0005] According to one aspect, the subject matter of the independent claims is provided. Embodiments are defined in the dependent claims.

[0006] One or more embodiments of the implementation are described in more detail below. Other features will be apparent from the specification and claims. Brief Description of the Drawings

[0007] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail by preferred embodiments with reference to the drawings, wherein

[0008] Figure 1 、 Figure 3 and Figure 5 show the relative dielectric constant (εr) values of electroceramic composite materials prepared according to exemplary embodiments measured at 1 MHz;

[0009] Figure 2 、 Figure 4 and Figure 6Shows the dielectric loss tangent (tan D) values of an electroceramic composite material prepared according to an exemplary embodiment measured at 1 MHz;

[0010] Figure 7 Shows a schematic microstructure of sintered electroceramic waste material from the production of electroceramic components;

[0011] Figure 8 、 Figure 9 and Figure 10 Shows a schematic microstructure of an electroceramic composite material manufactured according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Embodiments

[0012] The following embodiments are exemplary. Although the specification may refer to "one", "an" or "some" embodiments in several places, this does not necessarily mean that each such reference refers to the same embodiment or that the features apply only to a single embodiment. It is also possible to combine individual features of different embodiments to provide other embodiments. In addition, the words "comprising", "containing" and "including" should be understood not to limit the described embodiments to only the features that have been mentioned, and such embodiments may also contain features / structures that have not been specifically mentioned.

[0013] Ceramic powder materials can be used in composite materials, where the ceramic particles are bonded together by using a polymer or glass with a low melting temperature. The ceramic content of such polymer-ceramic composites remains rather low (below 50 vol%), which greatly impairs the electrical properties of the final product. Ceramic composites can also be prepared by sintering at high temperatures in the range of 750 - 1700 °C, where different thermal expansion coefficients, sintering shrinkage and diffusion mechanisms can cause problems, resulting in poor material phases.

[0014] Therefore, an improved method for manufacturing composite electroceramics is described herein. The method includes obtaining sintered electroceramic waste materials from the production of electroceramic-based electronic components. The sintered electroceramic waste materials are ground to obtain a first ceramic powder with a particle size of 10 - 400 μm, preferably 63 - 180 μm. The first ceramic powder is mixed with NaCl powder, Li2MoO4 powder, or powder of other ceramics with a particle size of 0.5 - 20 μm, preferably less than 10 μm, in the following volume ratio to obtain a ceramic powder mixture: 60 - 90 vol%, preferably 90 vol% of the first ceramic powder, and 10 - 40 vol%, preferably 10 vol% of the NaCl powder, Li2MoO4 powder, or powder of other ceramics. The obtained ceramic powder mixture is mixed with an aqueous NaCl solution, an aqueous Li2MoO4 solution, or an aqueous solution of the other ceramics in the following weight ratio to obtain a homogeneous substance: 70 - 90 wt%, preferably 80 wt% of the ceramic powder mixture, and 10 - 30 wt%, preferably 20 wt% of the aqueous NaCl solution, aqueous Li2MoO4 solution, or aqueous solution of the other ceramics. The obtained homogeneous substance is compressed in a mold at room temperature and a pressure of 100 - 400 MPa, preferably 150 - 300 MPa, more preferably 250 MPa for 2 - 10 min, preferably 10 min, to obtain a compressed homogeneous substance. The compressed homogeneous substance is taken out of the mold to obtain an electroceramic composite material.

[0015] The aqueous NaCl solution can be a saturated aqueous NaCl solution, the aqueous Li2MoO4 solution can be a saturated aqueous Li2MoO4 solution, and / or the aqueous solution of the other ceramics can be a saturated aqueous solution of the other ceramics. Alternatively, the aqueous NaCl solution can be an unsaturated or near-saturated aqueous NaCl solution, the aqueous Li2MoO4 solution can be an unsaturated or near-saturated aqueous Li2MoO4 solution, and / or the aqueous solution of the other ceramics can be an unsaturated or near-saturated aqueous solution of the other ceramics.

[0016] The obtained electroceramic composite material can be dried at a temperature of 10 - 150 °C, preferably 110 °C for 0.3 - 48 hours, preferably 10 - 48 hours, to remove water from the material. The drying can be carried out in the mold during and / or after compression, in a dryer, in an oven, and / or in indoor air.

[0017] In addition, a method for manufacturing a composite electroceramic is described herein, which method comprises obtaining sintered electroceramic waste material from the production of electroceramic-based electronic components. The sintered electroceramic waste material is ground to obtain a ceramic powder having a particle size of 10 - 400 μm, preferably 63 - 180 μm. The obtained ceramic powder is mixed with at least one organometallic precursor compound in the following weight ratio to obtain a homogeneous substance: 70 - 90 wt%, preferably 80 wt% of the ceramic powder, and 10 - 30 wt%, preferably 20 wt% of at least one organometallic precursor compound. The homogeneous substance is compressed in a mold at a temperature of 80 - 200°C, preferably 160°C and a pressure of 100 - 400 MPa, preferably 150 - 300 MPa, more preferably 250 MPa for 10 - 60 min, preferably 30 - 60 min to remove the solvent liquid from the homogeneous substance, thereby obtaining a compressed homogeneous substance. The compressed homogeneous substance contained in the mold is further compressed at a temperature of 250 - 400°C, preferably 350°C and a pressure of 100 - 400 MPa, preferably 150 - 300 MPa, more preferably 250 MPa for 10 - 60 min, preferably 30 - 60 min to enable the organometallic precursor compound to react to form metal oxides in the compressed homogeneous substance. Thereafter, the compressed homogeneous substance contained in the mold is cooled to a temperature below 100°C. The compressed homogeneous substance is removed from the mold to obtain an electroceramic composite material.

[0018] Before removing the compressed homogeneous substance from the mold, the compressed homogeneous substance contained in the mold can be cooled to a temperature below 100°C, such as 80°C or below, for example for at least 30 min while allowing the pressure in the mold to decrease.

[0019] At least one organometallic precursor compound can be: a colloidal organometallic precursor compound capable of forming metal oxides or other organometallic compounds capable of forming metal oxides, or a mixture thereof, and / or a colloidal sol-gel reaction product capable of forming metal oxides under the influence of heat.

[0020] The metal oxides can be TiO2, PZT, BaTiO3, Ba x Sr 1-x TiO3, Al2O3, KNBNNO, ferrite materials, titanate materials, niobate materials and / or perovskite materials.

[0021] A colloidal organometallic precursor compound capable of forming a metal oxide, or other organometallic compounds capable of forming a metal oxide, or a mixture thereof, can be selected such that the metal oxide to be formed in the compressed homogeneous material contained in the mold during the further compression corresponds to the elemental composition of the ceramic powder obtained from the sintered electroceramic waste material.

[0022] The ceramic powder, ceramic powder mixture, NaCl powder, Li2MoO4 powder, or powder of other ceramics, and / or the first ceramic powder can have a multimodal particle size, having particles of two or more different particle sizes.

[0023] 80 - 90 vol%, preferably 85 - 90 vol% of the components in the produced electroceramic composite material can be derived from the sintered electroceramic waste material, and the remaining 10 - 20 vol%, preferably 10 - 15 vol% is NaCl, Li2MoO4, or other ceramics or metal oxides.

[0024] The sintered electroceramic waste material obtained from the production of electroceramic components can be a dielectric, ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, paraelectric, paramagnetic, piezoelectric, and / or pyroelectric material, and / or the sintered electroceramic waste material can be obtained from the production of resistors, conductors, capacitors, coils, sensors, actuators, high-frequency passive devices, energy storage components, energy harvesting components, tuning elements, transformers, optical switches, antennas, optical attenuators, batteries, light-emitting diodes, active components, integrated circuits, and / or electronic circuit boards.

[0025] The other ceramics can be one or more of the following: Na2Mo2O7, K2Mo2O7, (LiBi) 0.5 MoO4, KH2PO4, Li2WO4, Mg2P2O7, V2O5, LiMgPO4, and / or any other water-soluble ceramics.

[0026] The electroceramic composite produced by this method can be such that the ceramic component based on waste materials in the electroceramic composite is 80 - 90 vol%, preferably 85 - 90 vol%, and the ceramic component based on waste materials is derived from sintered electroceramic waste materials in the production of electroceramic components. And the binder component in the electroceramic composite based on NaCl, Li₂MoO₄ or other ceramics or metal oxides is 10 - 20 vol%, preferably 10 - 15 vol%. The binder component forms a binder phase in the electroceramic composite and binds the ceramic component based on waste materials in the electroceramic composite. The electroceramic composite can be a composite with dielectric, ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, paraelectric, paramagnetic, piezoelectric and / or pyroelectric properties. An electronic component comprising the electroceramic composite is also disclosed. The electroceramic composite can be used to manufacture electronic components and / or optoelectronic components. The electronic component can be a resistor, conductor, capacitor, coil, sensor, actuator, high-frequency passive device, energy storage component, energy harvesting component, tuning element, transformer, optical switch, antenna, optical attenuator, battery, light-emitting diode, active component, integrated circuit and / or electrical interconnection.

[0027] The present invention utilizes recycled ceramic materials to produce electroceramic composite materials. By using the ceramic scrap materials (instead of pure raw materials) generated in relation to the manufacture of electronic components as the ceramic materials in the composite, the cost and energy consumption of the composite manufacturing method are reduced.

[0028] The present invention discloses a manufacturing method in which waste electronic component wastes generated in relation to the industrial manufacture of electroceramics (for example, generated due to abnormal shape or breakage of components) are utilized to produce ceramic composites for similar or other electroceramic purposes. In this method, the waste ceramic articles or components are classified based on material type and / or application, and if necessary, they are crushed to the required particle size, and then the obtained powder is directly used for manufacturing or coated together with inorganic substances such as LMO or other water-soluble metal oxides or NaCl. The obtained ceramic powder material is bonded with ceramics or salts to form a solution, and the formed homogeneous substance is compression molded. This method enables the obtaining of a ceramic composite having excellent electrical properties as a composite.

[0029] The ceramic-forming binder can be an aqueous solution of a water-soluble metal oxide (for example, lithium molybdate, Li₂MoO₄, LMO) or a water-soluble salt (for example, NaCl), or alternatively a precursor of an organometallic compound, which forms a metal oxide by using elevated pressure and / or heating. The binder is added to the ceramic powder material in liquid form, where its function is to form a bond between the particles of the ceramic powder material by elevated pressure and / or heating. The temperature range used is particularly low, preferably room temperature 20 - 25 °C, or 250 - 400 °C in the case of the precursor.

[0030] The method includes grinding electroceramic articles or components damaged during the sintering process in the electronics industry and mixing the obtained ceramic powder material with LMO powder. A binder can be added to the mixture such that a homogeneous substance is formed, and the homogeneous substance is compression molded into a ceramic composite suitable in density and electrical properties for electroceramic composite materials. The method can also use two or more different ceramic materials, and it can be optimized for bonding different types of ceramic materials. Instead of LMO or in addition to LMO, other water-soluble ceramics or metal oxides or water-soluble salts such as NaCl can be used.

[0031] The present invention utilizes scrap materials from electronic components to produce electroceramic materials. Various ceramic materials are an important part of the components used in electronic devices. The amount of waste generated during the sintering process or in electronic components is usually not well known, but even a few percent of the production volume means significant economic losses every year. Due to increasingly strict environmental regulations and increasing waste disposal costs, there is also a desire to utilize scrap materials. Currently, there is no known direct, cost-effective, and energy-efficient method for recycling ceramic waste, although electroceramic components are extremely highly processed materials that require a large amount of energy in production, but they are usually ultimately disposed of, for example, as landfill waste.

[0032] The present invention enables the production of high-performance ceramic composites with very low energy consumption from scrap materials that are essentially cost-free or even negative-cost (avoiding waste disposal costs) and a small amount of binder with a very reasonable purchase price. Additionally, for example, in the case of LMO, the prepared electroceramic composite can be further recycled.

[0033] The present invention enables the manufacture of components from ceramic waste in the electronics industry with very low energy consumption. In the present invention, ceramic articles (e.g., broken or abnormally shaped fragments or non-conforming fragments) that have been discarded in electroceramic manufacturing can be fully utilized without becoming waste. Thus, when turning waste that is difficult to recycle into commercialized electronic components, the utilization of materials and energy becomes more efficient, and productivity is greatly improved.

[0034] The electronics industry uses a large amount of sintered electroceramics. In the manufacture of electroceramics, for example, fractures caused by sintering or unwanted dimensional changes (sintering shrinkage) result in a certain amount of scrap material. The exact share of scrap in production is usually a trade secret, but especially when manufacturing challenging structures, the share of scrap is expected to be large. This scrap material needs to be properly disposed of, which, in addition to material losses, also brings additional costs to the manufacturer. As mentioned above, there is currently no commercially meaningful reuse of this scrap material. The present invention provides a manufacturing method that utilizes the electroceramic scrap material generated during the sintering process as a raw material, in which an electroceramic composite material with excellent properties is produced at a low temperature.

[0035] The present invention utilizes a method for manufacturing a ceramic composite, in which ceramic powder with a precisely controlled particle size distribution is mixed with a metal oxide to form a solution and compressed into a ceramic composite. The ceramic-forming solution can be an aqueous solution of a water-soluble metal oxide (e.g., LMO), or alternatively, a precursor of an organometallic compound that reacts when heated under pressure to bond the particles together. The metal oxide fills the spaces between the filler (electroceramic waste powder) particles, the particle size of which is precisely controlled. The particle size distribution of the filler is carefully selected such that the requirement for the binder phase is very small, so that the filler phase constitutes 80 - 90 vol%, preferably 85 - 90 vol% of the total volume of the manufactured composite object, and the electrical properties of the manufactured composite object are significantly improved.

[0036] The present invention makes it possible to utilize electroceramic materials, resulting in low raw material costs and excellent electrical properties of the prepared composites. The present invention can be used in the ceramic component industry to improve the recycling and reuse of materials.

[0037] The manufacturing process greatly improves the electrical properties of the composite by increasing the proportion of functional ceramics in the composite to 80 - 90 vol%, preferably 85 - 90 vol%.

[0038] For example, the preparation of the ceramic composite according to the present invention is carried out as follows.

[0039] The method includes obtaining electroceramic materials that are generated during the manufacture of electroceramics and are rejected as non-conforming products after sintering. The ceramic material can be, for example, a dielectric material with a high or low dielectric constant, a piezoelectric or pyroelectric material, or another ceramic material used as an electroceramic. First, it is planned to use only one type of scrap material in each composite to facilitate the selection of a suitable binder phase and compression parameters. However, the low manufacturing temperature also enables the combination of several different types of electroceramics into a composite, for example, having several different properties in different layers.

[0040] If necessary, the obtained ceramic material is crushed and screened to the desired particle size, such as 10 - 400 μm, preferably 63 - 180 μm (the typical crystal size of ceramic waste powder is 2 μm, that is, one particle contains several crystals, which is distinguished by its microstructure), and if necessary, the powder is coated with an inorganic coating (such as, LMO) to obtain a better processing density.

[0041] A binder is added, which can be, for example, (a) LMO or (b) a metal organic compound precursor gel. In the case of (a), an aqueous solution of LMO is used, while in the case of (b), a precursor gel capable of forming a metal oxide such as titanium oxide is used. The substances are mixed to obtain a homogeneous substance, and the homogeneous substance is uniformly layered in a compression mold. The homogeneous substance (a) is compressed at room temperature or (b) at a high temperature of 80 - 200 °C, preferably 160 °C, and a pressure of 100 - 400 MPa, preferably 150 - 300 MPa, more preferably 250 MPa. In the case of (a), the compression is carried out for 2 - 10 min, preferably 10 min. In the case of (b), after the compressed homogeneous substance is further compressed in the mold for 10 - 60 min, preferably 30 - 60 min, at a temperature of 250 - 400 °C, preferably 350 °C, and a pressure of 100 - 400 MPa, preferably 150 - 300 MPa, more preferably 250 MPa, the compression is carried out for 10 - 60 min, preferably 30 - 60 min, so that the metal organic precursor compound can react to form a metal oxide in the compressed homogeneous substance.

[0042] Next, in the case of (a), the compressed homogeneous substance is taken out of the mold and allowed to evaporate water. This also occurs at room temperature, but the drying can be accelerated in an oven (e.g., 110 °C).

[0043] In the case of (b), the mold can be cooled to below 100 °C for at least 30 min while keeping the pressure stable. After the mold is cooled, the pressure is reduced and the prepared composite is taken out of the mold, thereby obtaining an electroceramic composite material. The compressed homogeneous substance contained in the mold can be cooled to a temperature below 100 °C, preferably 80 °C or below, for example, for at least 30 min while allowing the pressure in the mold to decrease.

[0044] After that, the obtained electroceramic composite is prepared for electrode production or other electronic component manufacturing and measurement.

[0045] In the pretreatment of the waste powder, different types of ceramic particles (or other powders, such as conductive metal powders) can be bonded together to obtain a composite material with several different electrical properties.

[0046] By using an adhesive that wets the material particularly well, the choice of the adhesive can be optimized for the material to be bonded.

[0047] The adhesive gel to be used can be selected such that it forms the same compound as the filler particles of the composite.

[0048] The particle size of the ceramic objects can also vary outside the range of 63 - 180 μm to make its filling level as large as possible, for example, using three particle sizes.

[0049] Figure 7 A schematic microstructure (not to scale) of sintered electroceramic waste material from the production of electroceramic components is shown, showing electroceramic particles 1 and grain boundaries 2 of the electroceramic particles 1.

[0050] Figure 8 A schematic microstructure of an electroceramic composite manufactured according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown, showing electroceramic waste material distributed as small electroceramic particles 1 within a ceramic matrix material 3 (first ceramic powder) and in the grain boundary region 4 of the ceramic composite.

[0051] Figure 9 A schematic microstructure of an electroceramic composite manufactured according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown, showing electroceramic waste material distributed as particulate / agglomerate 5 as particles within a ceramic matrix material 3 (first ceramic powder) and in the grain boundary region 4 of the ceramic composite.

[0052] Figure 10 A schematic microstructure of an electroceramic composite manufactured according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is shown, showing electroceramic waste material distributed as small particles 1 and agglomerates / particulates of electroceramic particles 5 within a ceramic matrix material 3 (first ceramic powder) and in the grain boundary region 4 of the ceramic composite.

[0053] Example 1

[0054] Experiments were conducted with three different recycled ceramic materials and lithium molybdate. The dense material samples were compressed. Among different materials, the density of the final products varied, and some materials were compressed and bonded together better than others. By optimizing the binder used and its dosage as well as the compression parameters, the density can be further affected, and thus the material properties. Samples were prepared by mixing 10 wt% (0.10 g) of LMO powder with particle size below 20 μm and 90 wt% (0.90 g) of recycled electroceramics from the production of electroceramic components. Three different particle sizes of recycled ceramics (<63 μm, 63 - 180 μm, 180 - 425 μm) and three different sample types (relative dielectric constants of recycled electroceramics were: εr = 29, εr = 34, εr = 45) were used. 0.2 ml of saturated aqueous LMO solution was added to the powder mixture. The samples were homogenized in the mold using an ultrasonic mixer. Compression was applied in the mold for 9 - 10 min (or 3 - 5 min) at the selected pressure. A mold size of 10 mm in diameter was used. The results are shown in Table 1 and Figures 1 to 6 , which is the average of two samples, showing the relative dielectric constant (εr) and dielectric loss tangent (tan D) measured at 1 MHz frequency for the prepared electroceramic composite material. The density calculated based on the size of the compression molded part (average of three samples) was compared with the bulk density of the ceramic filler.

[0055] Table 1

[0056]

[0057] It is obvious to those skilled in the art that with the progress of technology, the idea of the present invention can be implemented in various ways. The present invention and its embodiments are not limited to the examples described above, but can vary within the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A method for manufacturing a composite electroceramic, the method comprising obtaining sintered electroceramic waste material from the production of electroceramic electronic components; grinding the sintered electroceramic waste material to obtain a first ceramic powder with a particle size of 10 - 400 μm; mixing the first ceramic powder with NaCl powder, Li2MoO4 powder or powder of other ceramics with a particle size of 0.5 - 20 μm in the following volume ratio to obtain a ceramic powder mixture: 90 vol% of the first ceramic powder and 10 vol% of the NaCl powder, Li2MoO4 powder or powder of other ceramics; mixing the obtained ceramic powder mixture with an aqueous NaCl solution, an aqueous Li2MoO4 solution or an aqueous solution of the other ceramics in the following weight ratio to obtain a homogeneous substance: 70 - 90 wt% of the ceramic powder mixture and 10 - 30 wt% of the aqueous NaCl solution, aqueous Li2MoO4 solution or aqueous solution of the other ceramics; compressing the obtained homogeneous substance in a mold at room temperature and a pressure of 100 - 400 MPa for 2 - 10 min to obtain a compressed homogeneous substance; and removing the compressed homogeneous substance from the mold to obtain an electroceramic composite material; wherein the sintered electroceramic waste material is obtained from the production of resistors, capacitors, coils, sensors, actuators, transformers, optical switches, antennas, optical attenuators, batteries and / or light-emitting diodes; wherein the other ceramics are one or more of the following: Na2Mo2O7, K2Mo2O7, KH2PO4, Li2WO4 and LiMgPO4.

2. The method according to claim 1, the method comprising drying the obtained electroceramic composite material at a temperature of 10 - 150 °C for 0.3 - 48 hours to remove water from the electroceramic composite material, wherein the drying is carried out in a dryer or in indoor air with the electroceramic composite material placed in a mold during and / or after compression.

3. The method according to claim 2, the method comprising drying the obtained electroceramic composite material at a temperature of 110 °C for 10 - 48 hours to remove water from the electroceramic composite material.

4. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the aqueous NaCl solution is a saturated aqueous NaCl solution, the aqueous Li2MoO4 solution is a saturated aqueous Li2MoO4 solution, and / or the aqueous solution of the other ceramics is a saturated aqueous solution of the other ceramics.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein the sintered electroceramic waste material is ground to obtain a first ceramic powder with a particle size of 63 - 180 μm; Mix the first ceramic powder with NaCl powder, Li2MoO4 powder or powder of other ceramics with a particle size of 0.5 - 10 μm in the following volume ratio to obtain a ceramic powder mixture: 90 vol% of the first ceramic powder and 10 vol% of the NaCl powder, Li2MoO4 powder or powder of other ceramics; Mix the obtained ceramic powder mixture with an aqueous NaCl solution, an aqueous Li2MoO4 solution or an aqueous solution of the other ceramics in the following weight ratio to obtain a homogeneous substance: 80 wt% of the ceramic powder mixture and 20 wt% of the aqueous NaCl solution, aqueous Li2MoO4 solution or aqueous solution of the other ceramics; At room temperature and under a pressure of 150 - 300 MPa, compress the obtained homogeneous substance in a mold for 10 min to obtain a compressed homogeneous substance.

6. The method according to claim 5, wherein At room temperature and under a pressure of 250 MPa, compress the obtained homogeneous substance in a mold for 10 min to obtain a compressed homogeneous substance.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ceramic powder mixture, the NaCl powder, the Li2MoO4 powder or the powder of other ceramics, and / or the first ceramic powder has a multimodal particle size, having particles of two or more different particle sizes.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 80 - 90 vol% of the electroceramic composite material composition is derived from the sintered electroceramic waste material, and the remaining 10 - 20 vol% is NaCl, Li2MoO4 or other ceramics.

9. The method according to claim 8, wherein 85 - 90 vol% of the electroceramic composite material composition is derived from the sintered electroceramic waste material, and the remaining 10 - 15 vol% is NaCl, Li2MoO4 or other ceramics.

10. An electroceramic composite material produced by the method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sintered electroceramic waste material component in the electroceramic composite material is 80 - 90 vol%, the sintered electroceramic waste material component is derived from the production of electroceramic electronic components and has a particle size of 10 - 400 μm, and the binder component based on NaCl, Li2MoO4 or other ceramics in the electroceramic composite material is 10 - 20 vol%, and the binder component forms a binder phase in the electroceramic composite material to bond the sintered electroceramic waste material components of the electroceramic composite material together, Among them, the sintered electroceramic waste material is obtained from the production of resistors, capacitors, coils, sensors, actuators, transformers, optical switches, antennas, optical attenuators, batteries and / or light-emitting diodes.

11. The electroceramic composite material according to claim 10, wherein The sintered electroceramic waste material in the electroceramic composite material has a composition of 85 - 90 vol%, the sintered electroceramic waste material composition is derived from the production of electroceramic electronic components, and has a particle size of 63 - 180 μm, and The binder component in the electroceramic composite material based on NaCl, Li2MoO4 or other ceramics is 10 - 15 vol%, and the binder component forms a binder phase in the electroceramic composite material, binding the sintered electroceramic waste material components of the electroceramic composite material together.

12. The electroceramic composite material according to claim 10 or 11, wherein the electroceramic composite material is a composite of dielectric, ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, diamagnetic, piezoelectric and / or pyroelectric properties.

13. A method for manufacturing a composite electroceramic, the method comprising Obtaining sintered electroceramic waste material from the production of electroceramic electronic components; Grinding the sintered electroceramic waste material to obtain a ceramic powder with a particle size of 10 - 400 μm; Mixing the obtained ceramic powder with at least one organometallic precursor compound in the following weight ratio to obtain a homogeneous substance: 70 - 90 wt% of the ceramic powder, and 10 - 30 wt% of the at least one organometallic precursor compound; Compressing the homogeneous substance in a mold at a temperature of 80 - 200 °C and a pressure of 100 - 400 MPa for 10 - 60 min to remove the solvent liquid from the homogeneous substance, thereby obtaining a compressed homogeneous substance; Further compressing the compressed homogeneous substance contained in the mold at a temperature of 250 - 400 °C and a pressure of 100 - 400 MPa for 10 - 60 min to enable the organometallic precursor compound to react to form metal oxides in the compressed homogeneous substance; and Thereafter, cooling the compressed homogeneous substance contained in the mold to a temperature below 100 °C and removing the compressed homogeneous substance from the mold, thereby obtaining an electroceramic composite material; Among them, The sintered electroceramic waste material is obtained from the production of resistors, capacitors, coils, sensors, actuators, transformers, optical switches, antennas, optical attenuators, batteries and / or light-emitting diodes; Wherein the at least one organometallic precursor compound is a colloidal organometallic precursor compound capable of forming metal oxides or other organometallic precursor compounds capable of forming metal oxides, or a mixture thereof capable of forming metal oxides, wherein the metal oxide is TiO2, PZT, Ba x Sr 1-x TiO3, Al2O3, (K 0.49 Na 0.49 Ba 0.02 )(Nb 0.99 Ni 0.01 )O 2.995 and / or a ferrite material.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein Grinding the sintered electroceramic waste material to obtain a ceramic powder with a particle size of 63 - 180 μm; Mixing the obtained ceramic powder with at least one organometallic precursor compound in the following weight ratio to obtain a homogeneous substance: 80 wt% of the ceramic powder, and 20 wt% of the at least one organometallic precursor compound; At a temperature of 160 °C and a pressure of 150 - 300 MPa, compress the homogeneous material in a mold for 30 - 60 min to remove the solvent liquid from the homogeneous material, thereby obtaining a compressed homogeneous material; At a temperature of 350 °C and a pressure of 150 - 300 MPa, further compress the compressed homogeneous material contained in the mold for 30 - 60 min to enable the organometallic precursor compound to react to form metal oxides in the compressed homogeneous material.

15. The method according to claim 14, wherein At a temperature of 160 °C and a pressure of 250 MPa, compress the homogeneous material in a mold for 30 - 60 min to remove the solvent liquid from the homogeneous material, thereby obtaining a compressed homogeneous material; At a temperature of 350 °C and a pressure of 250 MPa, further compress the compressed homogeneous material contained in the mold for 30 - 60 min to enable the organometallic precursor compound to react to form metal oxides in the compressed homogeneous material.

16. The method according to claim 13, wherein the colloidal organometallic precursor compound capable of forming metal oxides or the other organometallic precursor compound capable of forming metal oxides or a mixture thereof is selected such that the metal oxides to be formed in the compressed homogeneous material contained in the mold during the further compression correspond to the elemental composition of the ceramic powder obtained from the sintered electroceramic waste material.

17. The method according to claim 13, wherein the ceramic powder has a multimodal particle size, having particles of two or more different particle sizes.

18. The method according to claim 13, wherein 80 - 90 vol% of the electroceramic composite material composition is derived from the sintered electroceramic waste material, and the remaining 10 - 20 vol% is metal oxides.

19. The method according to claim 18, wherein 85 - 90 vol% of the electroceramic composite material composition is derived from the sintered electroceramic waste material, and the remaining 10 - 15 vol% is metal oxides.

20. The method according to claim 13, wherein The sintered electroceramic waste material obtained from the production of the electroceramic electronic component is a material with dielectric, ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, paramagnetic, diamagnetic, piezoelectric, and / or pyroelectric properties.

21. The method according to claim 13, wherein The at least one organometallic precursor compound is a colloidal sol - gel reaction product capable of forming metal oxides under the influence of heat; Among them, The metal oxide is BaTiO3.

22. An electroceramic composite material produced by the method according to claim 13, wherein The sintered electroceramic waste material component in the electroceramic composite material is 80 - 90 vol%, the sintered electroceramic waste material component is derived from the production of the electroceramic electronic component, and has a particle size of 10 - 400 μm, and In the electroceramic composite material, the metal oxide-based binder component is 10-20 vol%, and the binder component forms a binder phase in the electroceramic composite material, bonding the sintered electroceramic waste material components of the electroceramic composite material together. Among them, The sintered electroceramic waste material is obtained from the production of resistors, capacitors, coils, sensors, actuators, transformers, optical switches, antennas, optical attenuators, batteries, and / or light-emitting diodes.

23. The electroceramic composite material according to claim 21, wherein the sintered electroceramic waste material component in the electroceramic composite material is 85-90 vol%, the sintered electroceramic waste material component is derived from the production of electroceramic electronic components, and has a particle size of 63-180 μm, and the metal oxide-based binder component in the electroceramic composite material is 10-15 vol%, and the binder component forms a binder phase in the electroceramic composite material, bonding the sintered electroceramic waste material components of the electroceramic composite material together.

24. The electroceramic composite material according to claim 22, wherein the electroceramic composite material is a composite of dielectric, ferroelectric, ferromagnetic, paraelectric, paramagnetic, piezoelectric, and / or pyroelectric properties.

25. An electronic component comprising the electroceramic composite material according to any one of claims 22-24.

26. Use of the electroceramic composite material according to any one of claims 22-24 in the manufacture of electronic components and / or optoelectronic components.

27. The electronic component according to claim 25 or the use according to claim 26, wherein the electronic component is a resistor, capacitor, coil, sensor, actuator, transformer, antenna, and / or battery.

28. The use according to claim 26, wherein the optoelectronic component is an optical switch, optical attenuator, and / or light-emitting diode.

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